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Xie G, Jin H, Mikhail H, Pavel V, Yang G, Ji B, Lu B, Li Y. Autophagy in sarcopenia: Possible mechanisms and novel therapies. Biomed Pharmacother 2023; 165:115147. [PMID: 37473679 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.115147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2023] [Revised: 06/23/2023] [Accepted: 07/07/2023] [Indexed: 07/22/2023] Open
Abstract
With global population aging, age-related diseases, especially sarcopenia, have attracted much attention in recent years. Characterized by low muscle strength, low muscle quantity or quality and low physical performance, sarcopenia is one of the major factors associated with an increased risk of falls and disability. Much effort has been made to understand the cellular biological and physiological mechanisms underlying sarcopenia. Autophagy is an important cellular self-protection mechanism that relies on lysosomes to degrade misfolded proteins and damaged organelles. Research designed to obtain new insight into human diseases from the autophagic aspect has been carried out and has made new progress, which encourages relevant studies on the relationship between autophagy and sarcopenia. Autophagy plays a protective role in sarcopenia by modulating the regenerative capability of satellite cells, relieving oxidative stress and suppressing the inflammatory response. This review aims to reveal the specific interaction between sarcopenia and autophagy and explore possible therapies in hopes of encouraging more specific research in need and unlocking novel promising therapies to ameliorate sarcopenia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guangyang Xie
- Department of Orthopedics, Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha 410008, Hunan, China; Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha 410008, Hunan, China
| | - Hongfu Jin
- Department of Orthopedics, Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha 410008, Hunan, China; National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, Hunan, China
| | - Herasimenka Mikhail
- Republican Scientific and Practical Center of Traumatology and Orthopedics, Minsk 220024, Belarus
| | - Volotovski Pavel
- Republican Scientific and Practical Center of Traumatology and Orthopedics, Minsk 220024, Belarus
| | - Guang Yang
- Department of Orthopedics, Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha 410008, Hunan, China; National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, Hunan, China
| | - Bingzhou Ji
- Department of Orthopedics, Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha 410008, Hunan, China; National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, Hunan, China
| | - Bangbao Lu
- Department of Orthopedics, Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha 410008, Hunan, China; National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, Hunan, China.
| | - Yusheng Li
- Department of Orthopedics, Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha 410008, Hunan, China; National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, Hunan, China.
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Wang K, Wang S, Zhang Y, Xie L, Song X, Song X. SNORD88C guided 2'-O-methylation of 28S rRNA regulates SCD1 translation to inhibit autophagy and promote growth and metastasis in non-small cell lung cancer. Cell Death Differ 2023; 30:341-355. [PMID: 36376383 PMCID: PMC9950066 DOI: 10.1038/s41418-022-01087-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2022] [Revised: 10/31/2022] [Accepted: 11/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Small nucleolar RNAs (snoRNAs) have been shown to play critical regulatory roles in cancer development. SNORD88C, which located at the intronic region of C19orf48 in chromosome 19q.33 with a 97-nt length was screened through database and snoRNA-sequencing. We firstly verified this snoRNA was up-regulated in tissue and plasma and served as a non-invasive diagnostic biomarker; then confirmed that SNORD88C promoted proliferation and metastasis of NSCLC in vitro and in vivo. Mechanistically, SNORD88C promoted 2'-O-methylation modification at the C3680 site on 28S rRNA and in turn enhanced downstream SCD1 translation, a central lipogenic enzyme for the synthesis of MUFA that can inhibit autophagy by regulating lipid peroxidation and mTOR, providing the novel insight into the regulation of SNORD88C in NSCLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kangyu Wang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Shiwen Wang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Yue Zhang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Li Xie
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Xingguo Song
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, Shandong, China.
| | - Xianrang Song
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, Shandong, China.
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Radiation Oncology, Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, Shandong, China.
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3
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Ageing at Molecular Level: Role of MicroRNAs. Subcell Biochem 2023; 102:195-248. [PMID: 36600135 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-031-21410-3_9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
The progression of age triggers a vast number of diseases including cardiovascular, cancer, and neurodegenerative disorders. Regardless of our plentiful knowledge about age-related diseases, little is understood about molecular pathways that associate the ageing process with various diseases. Several cellular events like senescence, telomere dysfunction, alterations in protein processing, and regulation of gene expression are common between ageing and associated diseases. Accumulating information on the role of microRNAs (miRNAs) suggests targeting miRNAs can aid our understanding of the interplay between ageing and associated diseases. In the present chapter, we have attempted to explore the information available on the role of miRNAs in ageing of various tissues/organs and diseases and understand the molecular mechanism of ageing.
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Yang YP, Lai WY, Lin TW, Lin YY, Chien Y, Tsai YC, Tai HY, Wang CL, Liu YY, Huang PI, Chen YW, Lo WL, Wang CY. Autophagy reprogramming stem cell pluripotency and multiple-lineage differentiation. J Chin Med Assoc 2022; 85:667-671. [PMID: 35385421 DOI: 10.1097/jcma.0000000000000728] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
The cellular process responsible for the degradation of cytosolic proteins and subcellular organelles in lysosomes was termed "autophagy." This process occurs at a basal level in most tissues as part of tissue homeostasis that redounds to the regular turnover of components inside cytoplasm. The breakthrough in the autophagy field is the identification of key players in the autophagy pathway, compounded under the name "autophagy-related genes" (ATG) encoding for autophagy effector proteins. Generally, the function of autophagy can be classified into two divisions: intracellular clearance of defective macromolecules and organelles and generation of degradation products. Therapeutic strategies using stem cell-based approach come as a promising therapy and develop rapidly recently as stem cells have high self-renewability and differentiation capability as known as mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs). They are defined as adherent fibroblast-like population with the abilities to self-renew and multi-lineage differentiate into osteogenic, adipogenic, and chondrogenic lineage cells. To date, they are the most extensively applied adult stem cells in clinical trials. The properties of MSCs, such as immunomodulation, neuroprotection, and tissue repair pertaining to cell differentiation, processes to replace lost, or damaged cells, for aiding cell repair and revival. Autophagy has been viewed as a remarkable mechanism for maintaining homeostasis, ensuring the adequate function and survival of long-lived stem cells. In addition, authophagy also plays a remarkable role in protecting stem cells against cellular stress when the stem cell regenerative capacity is harmed in aging and cellular degeneration. Understanding the under-explored mechanisms of MSC actions and expanding the spectrum of their clinical applications may improve the utility of the MSC-based therapeutic approach in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Ping Yang
- Department of Medical Research, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
- School of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
- Institute of Pharmacology, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Wei-Yi Lai
- Department of Medical Research, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Tzu-Wei Lin
- Department of Medical Research, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Yi-Ying Lin
- Department of Medical Research, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
- Institute of Pharmacology, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Yueh Chien
- Department of Medical Research, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
- School of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
- Institute of Pharmacology, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Yi-Ching Tsai
- Department of Medical Research, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Hsiao-Yun Tai
- Department of Medical Research, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Chia-Lin Wang
- Department of Medical Research, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Yung-Yang Liu
- School of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
- Department of Chest Medicine, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Pin-I Huang
- School of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
- Cancer Center, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Yi-Wei Chen
- School of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
- Cancer Center, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Wen-Liang Lo
- Institute of Oral Biology, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
- Division of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Department of Stomatology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
- Department of Dentistry, School of Dentistry, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Chien-Ying Wang
- School of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
- Division of Trauma, Department of Emergency Medicine, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
- Department of Physical Education and Health, University of Taipei, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
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Zhelavskyi MM, Kernychnyi SP, Dmytriv OY, Betlinska TV. Cellular aging and immunity. UKRAINIAN JOURNAL OF VETERINARY AND AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 2022. [DOI: 10.32718/ujvas5-1.02] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Science is constantly evolving and updated with current data on cell biology. The cellular aging phenomenon should be considered an evolutionary mechanism of the biological regulation of all living organisms. Factors initiating cellular aging are variable. Each cell type can respond differently to the activation factors of cellular aging. In recent decades, science has been supplemented with new data that provide a deeper understanding of cellular and molecular mechanisms of cellular aging and the formation of immune homeostasis. There is a real prospect of using effective means of its regulation. In recent years, scientists have come close to discovering the mechanisms of cellular aging. Factors and mechanisms of cell regeneration are more deeply revealed. Scientists are also better aware of the phylogeny and ontogenesis of immune processes and the role of immune factors in developing pathologies. Researchers are increasingly focusing on modern diagnostic methods and xenotherapy. However, the specific factors of immunoregulation and the interaction of microphages, macrophages, and lymphocytes with other body cells are not yet fully understood. Accordingly, this requires further in-depth study. This review reviews the current literature on cellular aging and its regulatory mechanisms. The authors also present the results of their research on the mechanisms of immune responses in reproductive pathology. They draw parallels with modern scientific theories and interpret research. We will also focus on the issues that need to be addressed in the near future for the progressive development of this field of science. Thus, the study of the mechanisms of cellular aging and the development of effective means of hay therapy today requires further painstaking work. Despite significant advances in preclinical studies, many questions remain about the practical use of the drugs. This is especially true in the medicine of oncology, neurology, and cardiology. Nevertheless, scientists will be able to use pharmacological agents to influence cell division, differentiation, and determination in the future. We also hope to have developed effective means of immunotherapy of diseases. The molecular mechanisms of cell aging and mediators involved in the mechanisms of cell aging and death are being studied in detail. The field of research contains countless fascinating studies that are sure to be discovered.
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García-Prat L, Perdiguero E, Alonso-Martín S, Dell'Orso S, Ravichandran S, Brooks SR, Juan AH, Campanario S, Jiang K, Hong X, Ortet L, Ruiz-Bonilla V, Flández M, Moiseeva V, Rebollo E, Jardí M, Sun HW, Musarò A, Sandri M, Del Sol A, Sartorelli V, Muñoz-Cánoves P. FoxO maintains a genuine muscle stem-cell quiescent state until geriatric age. Nat Cell Biol 2020; 22:1307-1318. [PMID: 33106654 DOI: 10.1038/s41556-020-00593-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2019] [Accepted: 09/15/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Tissue regeneration declines with ageing but little is known about whether this arises from changes in stem-cell heterogeneity. Here, in homeostatic skeletal muscle, we identify two quiescent stem-cell states distinguished by relative CD34 expression: CD34High, with stemness properties (genuine state), and CD34Low, committed to myogenic differentiation (primed state). The genuine-quiescent state is unexpectedly preserved into later life, succumbing only in extreme old age due to the acquisition of primed-state traits. Niche-derived IGF1-dependent Akt activation debilitates the genuine stem-cell state by imposing primed-state features via FoxO inhibition. Interventions to neutralize Akt and promote FoxO activity drive a primed-to-genuine state conversion, whereas FoxO inactivation deteriorates the genuine state at a young age, causing regenerative failure of muscle, as occurs in geriatric mice. These findings reveal transcriptional determinants of stem-cell heterogeneity that resist ageing more than previously anticipated and are only lost in extreme old age, with implications for the repair of geriatric muscle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura García-Prat
- Department of Experimental and Health Sciences, Pompeu Fabra University (UPF), CIBER on Neurodegenerative Diseases (CIBERNED), Barcelona, Spain.,Spanish National Center on Cardiovascular Research (CNIC), Madrid, Spain.,Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Eusebio Perdiguero
- Department of Experimental and Health Sciences, Pompeu Fabra University (UPF), CIBER on Neurodegenerative Diseases (CIBERNED), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Sonia Alonso-Martín
- Spanish National Center on Cardiovascular Research (CNIC), Madrid, Spain.,Neurosciences Area, Biodonostia Health Research Institute, Donostia-San Sebastián, San Sebastián, Spain
| | - Stefania Dell'Orso
- Laboratory of Muscle Stem Cells and Gene Regulation, National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases (NIAMS), NIH Bethesda, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Srikanth Ravichandran
- Luxembourg Centre for Systems Biomedicine, University of Luxembourg, Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg
| | - Stephen R Brooks
- Biodata Mining and Discovery Section, NIAMS, NIH Bethesda, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Aster H Juan
- Laboratory of Muscle Stem Cells and Gene Regulation, National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases (NIAMS), NIH Bethesda, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Silvia Campanario
- Department of Experimental and Health Sciences, Pompeu Fabra University (UPF), CIBER on Neurodegenerative Diseases (CIBERNED), Barcelona, Spain.,Spanish National Center on Cardiovascular Research (CNIC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Kan Jiang
- Biodata Mining and Discovery Section, NIAMS, NIH Bethesda, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Xiaotong Hong
- Spanish National Center on Cardiovascular Research (CNIC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Laura Ortet
- Department of Experimental and Health Sciences, Pompeu Fabra University (UPF), CIBER on Neurodegenerative Diseases (CIBERNED), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Vanessa Ruiz-Bonilla
- Department of Experimental and Health Sciences, Pompeu Fabra University (UPF), CIBER on Neurodegenerative Diseases (CIBERNED), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Marta Flández
- Spanish National Center on Cardiovascular Research (CNIC), Madrid, Spain.,Grupo de Investigación en Oncología Clínico Traslacional, Instituto de Investigación Hospital 12 de Octubre, Madrid, Spain
| | - Victoria Moiseeva
- Department of Experimental and Health Sciences, Pompeu Fabra University (UPF), CIBER on Neurodegenerative Diseases (CIBERNED), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Elena Rebollo
- Molecular Imaging Platform, Molecular Biology Institute of Barcelona (IBMB-CSIC), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Mercè Jardí
- Department of Experimental and Health Sciences, Pompeu Fabra University (UPF), CIBER on Neurodegenerative Diseases (CIBERNED), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Hong-Wei Sun
- Biodata Mining and Discovery Section, NIAMS, NIH Bethesda, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Antonio Musarò
- DAHFMO-Unit of Histology and Medical Embryology, Laboratory Affiliated to Istituto Pasteur Italia-Fondazione Cenci Bolognetti, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Marco Sandri
- Department of Biomedical Science, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Antonio Del Sol
- Luxembourg Centre for Systems Biomedicine, University of Luxembourg, Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg.,CIC bioGUNE, Derio, Spain.,IKERBASQUE, Basque Foundation for Science, Bilbao, Spain
| | - Vittorio Sartorelli
- Laboratory of Muscle Stem Cells and Gene Regulation, National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases (NIAMS), NIH Bethesda, Bethesda, MD, USA.
| | - Pura Muñoz-Cánoves
- Department of Experimental and Health Sciences, Pompeu Fabra University (UPF), CIBER on Neurodegenerative Diseases (CIBERNED), Barcelona, Spain. .,Spanish National Center on Cardiovascular Research (CNIC), Madrid, Spain. .,ICREA, Barcelona, Spain.
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The role of autophagy in morphogenesis and stem cell maintenance. Histochem Cell Biol 2018; 150:721-732. [PMID: 30382373 DOI: 10.1007/s00418-018-1751-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/22/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
During embryonic development, cells need to undergo a number of morphological changes that are decisive for the shaping of the embryo's body, initiating organogenesis and differentiation into functional tissues. These remodeling processes are accompanied by profound changes in the cell membrane, the cytoskeleton, organelles, and extracellular matrix composition. While considerably detailed insight into the role of autophagy in stem cells biology has been gained in the recent years, information regarding the participation of autophagy in morphogenetic processes is only sparse. This review, therefore, focuses on the role of autophagy in cell morphogenesis through its regulatory activity in TGFβ signaling, expression of adhesion molecules and cell cycle modification. It also discusses the role of autophagy in stem cell maintenance which is very fundamental for cell renewal and replacement during development, pathogenesis of certain diseases and development of therapies. We are thus addressing here perspectives for further potentially rewarding research topics.
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Wan Y, Zhuo N, Li Y, Zhao W, Jiang D. Autophagy promotes osteogenic differentiation of human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell derived from osteoporotic vertebrae. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2017; 488:46-52. [PMID: 28476617 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2017.05.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2017] [Accepted: 05/01/2017] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Osteoporosis is one of the most prevalent age-related diseases worldwide, of which vertebral fracture is by far the most common osteoporotic fracture. Reduced bone formation caused by senescence is a main cause for senile osteoporosis, however, how to improve the osteogenic differentiation of osteoporotic bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) remains a challenge. This study aimed to investigate the autophagic level changes in osteoporotic BMSCs derived from human vertebral body, and then influence osteogenesis through the regulation of autophagy. We found that hBMSCs from osteoporotic patients displayed the senescence-associated phenotypes and significantly reduced autophagic level compared to those derived from healthy ones. Meanwhile, the osteogenic potential remarkably decreased in osteoporotic hBMSCs, suggesting an inherent relationship between autophagy and osteogenic differentiation. Furthermore, rapymycin (RAP) significantly improved osteogenic differentiation through autophagy activatoin. However, the osteogenesis of hBMSCs was reversed by the autophagy inhibitor 3-methyladenine (3-MA). To provide more solid evidence, the hBMSCs pretreated with osteogenesis induction medium in the presence of 3-MA or RAP were implanted into nude mice. In vivo analysis showed that RAP treatment induced larger ectopic bone mass and more osteoid tissues, however, this restored ability of osteogenic potential was significantly inhibited by 3-MA pretreatment. In conclusion, our study indicated the pivotal role of autophagy for the osteo-differentiation hBMSCs, and offered novel therapeutic target for osteoporosis treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongxian Wan
- Department of Orthopaedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, People's Republic of China; Department of Orthopaedics, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou City, Sichuan Province 646000, People's Republic of China
| | - Naiqiang Zhuo
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou City, Sichuan Province 646000, People's Republic of China
| | - Yulin Li
- Department of Orthopaedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, People's Republic of China
| | - Weikang Zhao
- Department of Orthopaedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, People's Republic of China
| | - Dianming Jiang
- Department of Orthopaedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, People's Republic of China.
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Abstract
Skeletal muscle stem cells, originally termed satellite cells for their position adjacent to differentiated muscle fibers, are absolutely required for the process of skeletal muscle repair and regeneration. In the last decade, satellite cells have become one of the most studied adult stem cell systems and have emerged as a standard model not only in the field of stem cell-driven tissue regeneration but also in stem cell dysfunction and aging. Here, we provide background in the field and discuss recent advances in our understanding of muscle stem cell function and dysfunction, particularly in the case of aging, and the potential involvement of muscle stem cells in genetic diseases such as the muscular dystrophies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ddw Cornelison
- Division of Biological Sciences and Christopher S. Bond Life Sciences Center, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, USA.
| | - Eusebio Perdiguero
- Cell Biology Group, Department of Experimental and Health Sciences (DCEXS), Pompeu Fabra University (UPF), CIBER on Neurodegenerative Diseases (CIBERNED), 08003, Barcelona, Spain.
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