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Hallfors N, Shanti A, Sapudom J, Teo J, Petroianu G, Lee S, Planelles L, Stefanini C. Multi-Compartment Lymph-Node-on-a-Chip Enables Measurement of Immune Cell Motility in Response to Drugs. Bioengineering (Basel) 2021; 8:bioengineering8020019. [PMID: 33572571 PMCID: PMC7912616 DOI: 10.3390/bioengineering8020019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2020] [Revised: 01/25/2021] [Accepted: 01/27/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Organs On-a-Chip represent novel platforms for modelling human physiology and disease. The lymph node (LN) is a relevant immune organ in which B and T lymphocytes are spatially organized in a complex architecture, and it is the place where the immune response initiates. The present study addresses the utility of a recently designed LN-on-a-chip to dissect and understand the effect of drugs delivered to cells in a fluidic multicellular 3D setting that mimics the human LN. To do so, we analyzed the motility and viability of human B and T cells exposed to hydroxychloroquine (HCQ). We show that the innovative LN platform, which operates at a microscale level, allows real-time monitoring of co-cultured B and T cells by imaging, and supports cellular random movement. HCQ delivered to cells through a constant and continuous flow induces a reduction in T cell velocity while promotes persistent rotational motion. We also find that HCQ increases the production of reactive oxygen species in T cells. Taken together, these results highlight the potential of the LN-on-a-chip to be applied in drug screening and development, and in cellular dynamics studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicholas Hallfors
- Healthcare Engineering Innovation Center, Biomedical Engineering Department, Khalifa University of Science and Technology, Abu Dhabi P.O. Box 127788, United Arab Emirates; (N.H.); (A.S.); (S.L.)
| | - Aya Shanti
- Healthcare Engineering Innovation Center, Biomedical Engineering Department, Khalifa University of Science and Technology, Abu Dhabi P.O. Box 127788, United Arab Emirates; (N.H.); (A.S.); (S.L.)
| | - Jiranuwat Sapudom
- Laboratory for Immuno Bioengineering Research and Applications, Division of Engineering, New York University Abu Dhabi, Abu Dhabi P.O. Box 129188, United Arab Emirates; (J.S.); (J.T.)
| | - Jeremy Teo
- Laboratory for Immuno Bioengineering Research and Applications, Division of Engineering, New York University Abu Dhabi, Abu Dhabi P.O. Box 129188, United Arab Emirates; (J.S.); (J.T.)
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, New York University, P.O. Box 903, New York, NY 10276-0903, USA
| | - Georg Petroianu
- College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Khalifa University of Science and Technology, Abu Dhabi P.O. Box 127788, United Arab Emirates;
| | - SungMun Lee
- Healthcare Engineering Innovation Center, Biomedical Engineering Department, Khalifa University of Science and Technology, Abu Dhabi P.O. Box 127788, United Arab Emirates; (N.H.); (A.S.); (S.L.)
- Khalifa University’s Center for Biotechnology, Abu Dhabi P.O. Box 127788, United Arab Emirates
| | - Lourdes Planelles
- Healthcare Engineering Innovation Center, Biomedical Engineering Department, Khalifa University of Science and Technology, Abu Dhabi P.O. Box 127788, United Arab Emirates; (N.H.); (A.S.); (S.L.)
- Correspondence: (C.S.); (L.P.); Tel.: +971-2-501-8472 (C.S. & L.P.)
| | - Cesare Stefanini
- Healthcare Engineering Innovation Center, Biomedical Engineering Department, Khalifa University of Science and Technology, Abu Dhabi P.O. Box 127788, United Arab Emirates; (N.H.); (A.S.); (S.L.)
- Correspondence: (C.S.); (L.P.); Tel.: +971-2-501-8472 (C.S. & L.P.)
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Lu L, Sun Y, Wan C, Hu Y, Lo PC, Lovell JF, Yang K, Jin H. Role of intravital imaging in nanomedicine-assisted anti-cancer therapy. Curr Opin Biotechnol 2021; 69:153-161. [PMID: 33476937 DOI: 10.1016/j.copbio.2020.12.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2020] [Revised: 12/22/2020] [Accepted: 12/27/2020] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Although nanomedicines have provided promising anti-tumor effects in cancer animal models, their clinical success remains limited. One of the most significant barriers in the clinical translation of nanomedicines is that they consist of multiple components, each of which may have different toxicities and therapeutic effects. Intravital imaging provides high spatial and temporal resolution for visualizing nanomedicine-mediated interactions between immune cells and tumor cells in real-time. Intravital imaging can facilitate the in vivo evaluation of the properties and effects of nanomedicines, such as their ability to cross the tumor vasculature, specifically eliminate the cancer cells, and modulate the immune cells found in the tumor microenvironment (TME). Thus, intravital imaging can provide direct evidence of nanomedicine's intravital behavior to better understand mechanism and accelerate clinical translation. In this review, we summarize several applications and latest advances in intravital imaging in nanomedicine-assisted anti-cancer therapy and discuss future perspectives in the field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisen Lu
- Cancer Center, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Yajie Sun
- Cancer Center, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Chao Wan
- Cancer Center, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Yan Hu
- Cancer Center, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Pui-Chi Lo
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, City University of Hong Kong, Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
| | - Jonathan F Lovell
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University at Buffalo, State University of New York, Buffalo, NY 14260, USA
| | - Kunyu Yang
- Cancer Center, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China.
| | - Honglin Jin
- Cancer Center, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China.
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Bohineust A, Garcia Z, Beuneu H, Lemaître F, Bousso P. Termination of T cell priming relies on a phase of unresponsiveness promoting disengagement from APCs and T cell division. J Exp Med 2018; 215:1481-1492. [PMID: 29588347 PMCID: PMC5940264 DOI: 10.1084/jem.20171708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2017] [Revised: 01/31/2018] [Accepted: 03/07/2018] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Bohineust et al. establish that recently activated T cells exhibit a phase of unresponsiveness associated with a defect in calcium entry. This stage was essential to terminate priming, distracting T cells from APCs, and favoring their clonal expansion. T cells are primed in secondary lymphoid organs by establishing stable interactions with antigen-presenting cells (APCs). However, the cellular mechanisms underlying the termination of T cell priming and the initiation of clonal expansion remain largely unknown. Using intravital imaging, we observed that T cells typically divide without being associated to APCs. Supporting these findings, we demonstrate that recently activated T cells have an intrinsic defect in establishing stable contacts with APCs, a feature that was reflected by a blunted capacity to stop upon T cell receptor (TCR) engagement. T cell unresponsiveness was caused, in part, by a general block in extracellular calcium entry. Forcing TCR signals in activated T cells antagonized cell division, suggesting that T cell hyporesponsiveness acts as a safeguard mechanism against signals detrimental to mitosis. We propose that transient unresponsiveness represents an essential phase of T cell priming that promotes T cell disengagement from APCs and favors effective clonal expansion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Armelle Bohineust
- Dynamics of Immune Responses Unit, Equipe Labellisée Ligue Contre le Cancer, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France.,Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Medicale, U1223, Paris, France
| | - Zacarias Garcia
- Dynamics of Immune Responses Unit, Equipe Labellisée Ligue Contre le Cancer, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France.,Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Medicale, U1223, Paris, France
| | - Hélène Beuneu
- Dynamics of Immune Responses Unit, Equipe Labellisée Ligue Contre le Cancer, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France.,Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Medicale, U1223, Paris, France
| | - Fabrice Lemaître
- Dynamics of Immune Responses Unit, Equipe Labellisée Ligue Contre le Cancer, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France.,Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Medicale, U1223, Paris, France
| | - Philippe Bousso
- Dynamics of Immune Responses Unit, Equipe Labellisée Ligue Contre le Cancer, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France .,Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Medicale, U1223, Paris, France
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