1
|
Popoola DO, Cao Z, Men Y, Li X, Viapiano M, Wilkens S, Luo J, Teng Y, Meng Q, Li Y. Lung-Specific mRNA Delivery Enabled by Sulfonium Lipid Nanoparticles. NANO LETTERS 2024; 24:8080-8088. [PMID: 38888232 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.4c01854] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/20/2024]
Abstract
Among various mRNA carrier systems, lipid nanoparticles (LNPs) stand out as the most clinically advanced. While current clinical trials of mRNA/LNP therapeutics mainly address liver diseases, the potential of mRNA therapy extends far beyond─yet to be unraveled. To fully unlock the promises of mRNA therapy, there is an urgent need to develop safe and effective LNP systems that can target extrahepatic organs. Here, we report on the development of sulfonium lipid nanoparticles (sLNPs) for systemic mRNA delivery to the lungs. sLNP effectively and specifically delivered mRNA to the lungs following intravenous administration in mice. No evidence of lung and systemic inflammation or toxicity in major organs was induced by sLNP. Our findings demonstrated that the newly developed lung-specific sLNP platform is both safe and efficacious. It holds great promise for advancing the development of new mRNA-based therapies for the treatment of lung-associated diseases and conditions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- David O Popoola
- Department of Pharmacology, State University of New York, Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, New York 13210, United States
| | - Zhi Cao
- Department of Pharmacology, State University of New York, Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, New York 13210, United States
| | - Yuqin Men
- Department of Pharmacology, State University of New York, Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, New York 13210, United States
| | - Xinyuan Li
- Department of Pharmacology, State University of New York, Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, New York 13210, United States
| | - Mariano Viapiano
- Department of Neuroscience and Physiology, State University of New York, Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, New York 13210, United States
| | - Stephan Wilkens
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, State University of New York, Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, New York 13210, United States
| | - Juntao Luo
- Department of Pharmacology, State University of New York, Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, New York 13210, United States
| | - Yong Teng
- Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia 30322, United States
| | - Qinghe Meng
- Department of Surgery, State University of New York, Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, New York 13210, United States
| | - Yamin Li
- Department of Pharmacology, State University of New York, Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, New York 13210, United States
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Winther CL, Nyrann S, Gaardskaer Nielsen R, Duno M, Johansen KB, Helt TW, Brix Christensen V. Danish children with ZZ-homozygous alpha-1 antitrypsin deficiency are more affected on liver parameters than children with heterozygosity. Acta Paediatr 2024; 113:580-589. [PMID: 38009616 DOI: 10.1111/apa.17048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2023] [Revised: 11/10/2023] [Accepted: 11/14/2023] [Indexed: 11/29/2023]
Abstract
AIM The longitudinal health status of Danish children with alpha-1 antitrypsin deficiency had never previously been characterised. This study aimed to assess the changes in growth, lung and liver function through childhood in these children. METHODS Danish children diagnosed between 2005 and 2020 with pathogenic variants in the Serpin family A member 1 gene were included. Retrospective data on growth, lung and liver parameters were obtained from local databases. Anthropometric Z-scores and composite liver scores were computed. Growth and blood results were analysed using robust linear mixed models. RESULTS The study included 184 children (68 with ZZ-homozygosity, 116 with heterozygosity). The median follow-up time was 7 years [IQR 3.75-9.00] for children with ZZ-homozygosity and 0.5 years [IQR 0.0-2.0] for children with heterozygosity. Both groups had low weight-for-height Z-scores at diagnosis but experienced catch-up growth during the first year of life. In addition, children with ZZ-homozygosity had higher serum concentrations of γ-glutamyl transferase and alanine aminotransferase throughout childhood, when compared with children with heterozygosity. Data proved insufficient to assess lung function properly. CONCLUSION Children with ZZ-homozygosity were more affected on serum liver parameters throughout childhood when compared with children with heterozygosity. Both groups experienced catch-up growth during the first year of life.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Sofie Nyrann
- Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | | | - Morten Duno
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
3
|
Miravitlles M, Herepath M, Priyendu A, Sharma S, Vilchez T, Vit O, Haensel M, Lepage V, Gens H, Greulich T. Disease burden associated with alpha-1 antitrypsin deficiency: systematic and structured literature reviews. Eur Respir Rev 2022; 31:210262. [PMID: 35321931 PMCID: PMC9488933 DOI: 10.1183/16000617.0262-2021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2021] [Accepted: 01/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Alpha-1 antitrypsin deficiency (AATD) is a rare genetic disorder characterised by reduced levels of circulating alpha-1 antitrypsin and an increased risk of lung and liver disease. Recent reviews of AATD have focused on diagnosis, epidemiology and clinical management; comprehensive reviews examining disease burden are lacking. Therefore, we conducted literature reviews to investigate the AATD disease burden for patients, caregivers and healthcare systems. Embase, PubMed and Cochrane libraries were searched for AATD publications from database inception to June 2021, in accordance with Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines. Most published AATD studies were small and short in duration, with variations in populations, designs, measures and outcomes, complicating cross-study comparisons. AATD was associated with significant pulmonary and hepatic morbidity. COPD, emphysema and bronchiectasis were common lung morbidities, where smoking was a key risk factor. Fibrosis and steatosis were the most common liver complications reported in patients with a PiZ allele. Health status analyses suggested a poorer quality of life for AATD patients diagnosed with COPD versus those with non-AATD-associated COPD. The burden for caregivers included loss of personal time due to caring responsibilities, stress and anxiety. AATD was also associated with high direct medical costs and healthcare resource utilisation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marc Miravitlles
- Pneumology Dept, Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron/Vall d'Hebron Research Institute (VHIR), Vall d'Hebron Barcelona Hospital Campus, Barcelona, Spain
- CIBER de Enfermedades Respiratorias (CIBERES), Barcelona, Spain
| | | | - Asim Priyendu
- Access Consulting, HEOR, Parexel International, Mohali, India
| | - Sheetal Sharma
- Access Consulting, HEOR, Parexel International, Mohali, India
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Timm Greulich
- Dept of Medicine, Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, University Medical Centre Giessen and Marburg, Philipps-University, Centre for Lung Research (DZL), Marburg, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Deyrup AT, D'Ambrosio D, Muir J, Knollmann-Ritschel B, Deyrup A, Knollmann-Ritschel B, D'Ambrosio D, Muir J, Scordino T, Kraswoski M, Cao L, Shah K, Zepf J, Grindstaff S, Inman A, Moser K, Olson K, Parker L, Shmookler A, Ou J, Putnam A, Watts L, Betts EV, Lovitch S, Stashek K, Flanagan M, Singh N, Suarez E, Dudrey E, Furlong M, Margeta M, Wilberger A, Chan J, Lin A. Essential laboratory tests for medical education. Acad Pathol 2022; 9:100046. [PMID: 36133797 PMCID: PMC9483580 DOI: 10.1016/j.acpath.2022.100046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2022] [Accepted: 04/24/2022] [Indexed: 10/25/2022] Open
|
5
|
Assenhöj M, Eriksson P, Dönnes P, Ljunggren SA, Marcusson-Ståhl M, Du Rietz A, Uvdal K, Karlsson H, Cederbrant K. Protein interaction, monocyte toxicity and immunogenic properties of cerium oxide crystals with 5% or 14% gadolinium, cobalt oxide and iron oxide nanoparticles - an interdisciplinary approach. Nanotoxicology 2021; 15:1035-1058. [PMID: 34468264 DOI: 10.1080/17435390.2021.1966115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Metal oxide nanoparticles are widely used in both consumer products and medical applications, but the knowledge regarding exposure-related health effects is limited. However, it is challenging to investigate nanoparticle interaction processes with biological systems. The overall aim of this project was to improve the possibility to predict exposure-related health effects of metal oxide nanoparticles through interdisciplinary collaboration by combining workflows from the pharmaceutical industry, nanomaterial sciences, and occupational medicine. Specific aims were to investigate nanoparticle-protein interactions and possible adverse immune reactions. Four different metal oxide nanoparticles; CeOx nanocrystals with 5% or 14% Gd, Co3O4, and Fe2O3, were characterized by dynamic light scattering and high-resolution transmission electron microscopy. Nanoparticle-binding proteins were identified and screened for HLA-binding peptides in silico. Monocyte interaction with nanoparticle-protein complexes was assessed in vitro. Herein, for the first time, immunogenic properties of nanoparticle-binding proteins have been characterized. The present study indicates that especially Co3O4-protein complexes can induce both 'danger signals', verified by the production of inflammatory cytokines and simultaneously bind autologous proteins, which can be presented as immunogenic epitopes by MHC class II. The clinical relevance of these findings should be further evaluated to investigate the role of metal oxide nanoparticles in the development of autoimmune disease. The general workflow identified experimental difficulties, such as nanoparticle aggregate formation and a lack of protein-free buffers suitable for particle characterization, protein analyses, as well as for cell studies. This confirms the importance of future interdisciplinary collaborations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maria Assenhöj
- Division of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Department of Health, Medicine and Caring Sciences, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
| | - Peter Eriksson
- Division of Molecular Surface Physics and Nanoscience, Department of Physics, Chemistry and Biology (IFM), Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
| | | | - Stefan A Ljunggren
- Division of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Department of Health, Medicine and Caring Sciences, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
| | | | - Anna Du Rietz
- Division of Molecular Surface Physics and Nanoscience, Department of Physics, Chemistry and Biology (IFM), Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
| | - Kajsa Uvdal
- Division of Molecular Surface Physics and Nanoscience, Department of Physics, Chemistry and Biology (IFM), Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
| | - Helen Karlsson
- Division of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Department of Health, Medicine and Caring Sciences, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
| | | |
Collapse
|
6
|
Knockdown of Alpha-1 Antitrypsin with antisense oligonucleotide does not exacerbate smoke induced lung injury. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0246040. [PMID: 33539438 PMCID: PMC7861354 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0246040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2020] [Accepted: 01/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Alpha-1 Antitrypsin (AAT) is a serum protease inhibitor that regulates increased lung protease production induced by cigarette smoking. Mutations in the Serpina1 gene cause AAT to form hepatoxic polymers, which can lead to reduced availability for the protein’s primary function and severe liver disease. An AAT antisense oligonucleotide (ASO) was previously identified to be beneficial for the AATD liver disease by blocking the mutated AAT transcripts. Here we hypothesized that knockdown of AAT aggravates murine lung injury during smoke exposure and acute exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). C57BL/6J mice were randomly divided into 4 groups each for the smoking and smoke-flu injury models. The ASO and control (No-ASO) were injected subcutaneously starting with smoking or four days prior to influenza infection and then injected weekly at 50 mg/kg body weight. ASO treatment during a 3-month smoke exposure significantly decreased the serum and lung AAT expression, resulting in increased Cela1 expression and elastase activity. However, despite the decrease in AAT, neither the inflammatory cell counts in the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) nor the lung structural changes were significantly worsened by ASO treatment. We observed significant differences in inflammation and emphysema due to smoke exposure, but did not observe an ASO treatment effect. Similarly, with the smoke-flu model, differences were only observed between smoke-flu and room air controls, but not as a result of ASO treatment. Off-target effects or compensatory mechanisms may account for this finding. Alternatively, the reduction of AAT with ASO treatment, while sufficient to protect from liver injury, may not be robust enough to lead to lung injury. The results also suggest that previously described AAT ASO treatment for AAT mutation related liver disease may attenuate hepatic injury without being detrimental to the lungs. These potential mechanisms need to be further investigated in order to fully understand the impact of AAT inhibition on protease-antiprotease imbalance in the murine smoke exposure model.
Collapse
|
7
|
Knotek M, Novak R, Jaklin-Kekez A, Mrzljak A. Combined liver-kidney transplantation for rare diseases. World J Hepatol 2020; 12:722-737. [PMID: 33200012 PMCID: PMC7643210 DOI: 10.4254/wjh.v12.i10.722] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2020] [Revised: 07/30/2020] [Accepted: 09/18/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Combined liver and kidney transplantation (CLKT) is indicated in patients with failure of both organs, or for the treatment of end-stage chronic kidney disease (ESKD) caused by a genetic defect in the liver. The aim of the present review is to provide the most up-to-date overview of the rare conditions as indications for CLKT. They are major indications for CLKT in children. However, in some of them (e.g., atypical hemolytic uremic syndrome or primary hyperoxaluria), CLKT may be required in adults as well. Primary hyperoxaluria is divided into three types, of which type 1 and 2 lead to ESKD. CLKT has been proven effective in renal function replacement, at the same time preventing recurrence of the disease. Nephronophthisis is associated with liver fibrosis in 5% of cases and these patients are candidates for CLKT. In alpha 1-antitrypsin deficiency, hereditary C3 deficiency, lecithin cholesterol acyltransferase deficiency and glycogen storage diseases, glomerular or tubulointerstitial disease can lead to chronic kidney disease. Liver transplantation as a part of CLKT corrects underlying genetic and consequent metabolic abnormality. In atypical hemolytic uremic syndrome caused by mutations in the genes for factor H, successful CLKT has been reported in a small number of patients. However, for this indication, CLKT has been largely replaced by eculizumab, an anti-C5 antibody. CLKT has been well established to provide immune protection of the transplanted kidney against donor-specific antibodies against class I HLA, facilitating transplantation in a highly sensitized recipient.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mladen Knotek
- Department of Medicine, Tree Top Hospital, Hulhumale 23000, Maldives
- Department of Medicine, Merkur University Hospital, Zagreb 10000, Croatia
- School of Medicine, University of Zagreb, Zagreb 10000, Croatia
| | - Rafaela Novak
- School of Medicine, University of Zagreb, Zagreb 10000, Croatia
| | | | - Anna Mrzljak
- Department of Medicine, Merkur University Hospital, Zagreb 10000, Croatia
- School of Medicine, University of Zagreb, Zagreb 10000, Croatia.
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Mattman A, Gilfix BM, Chen SX, DeMarco ML, Kyle BD, Parker ML, Agbor TA, Jung B, Selvarajah S, Barakauskas VE, Vaags AK, Estey MP, Nelson TN, Speevak MD. Alpha-1-antitrypsin molecular testing in Canada: A seven year, multi-centre comparison. Clin Biochem 2020; 81:27-33. [DOI: 10.1016/j.clinbiochem.2020.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2020] [Revised: 04/29/2020] [Accepted: 05/01/2020] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
|
9
|
Alpha 1 "Hereditary Emphysema" Experience: A Patient-Physician Perspective. Pulm Ther 2020; 6:193-199. [PMID: 32519167 PMCID: PMC7672128 DOI: 10.1007/s41030-020-00119-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2019] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
This article is co-authored by a patient living with alpha-1 antitrypsin deficiency, and her treating physician. The commentary article describes the patient’s experience of the diagnosis and treatment process. The physician then discusses alpha-1 antitrypsin deficiency diagnosis and management in the context of the patient’s experiences.
Collapse
|
10
|
Chen S, DeMarco ML, Estey MP, Kyle B, Parker ML, Agbor TA, Kawada P, Speevak M, Nelson TN, Mattman A. Null Canada: A novel α 1-antitrypsin allele with in cis variants Glu366Lys and Ile100Asn. Clin Biochem 2020; 79:23-27. [PMID: 32087139 DOI: 10.1016/j.clinbiochem.2020.02.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2019] [Revised: 01/23/2020] [Accepted: 02/18/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND α1-Antitrypsin (A1AT) deficiency predisposes patients to pulmonary disease due to inadequate protection against human neutrophil elastase released during inflammatory responses. A1AT deficiency is caused by homozygosity or compound heterozygosity for A1AT variants; individuals with A1AT deficiency most commonly have at least one Z variant allele (c.1096G > A (Glu366Lys)). Null variants that result in complete absence of A1AT in the plasma are much rarer. With one recent exception, all reported A1AT variants are characterized by a single pathogenic variant. CASE An 8 years old patient from Edmonton, Alberta, Canada, was investigated for A1AT deficiency. His A1AT phenotype was determined to be M (wild type)/Null by isoelectric focusing (IEF) but M/Z by targeted genotyping. Gene sequencing revealed two heterozygous variants: Z and Ile100Asn (c.299 T > A). The Ile100Asn substitution is predicted to disrupt the secondary structure of an α-helix in which it resides and the neighbouring tertiary structure, resulting in intracellular degradation of A1AT prior to hepatocyte secretion. METHODS Family testing was conducted to verify potential inheritance of an A1AT allele carrying the two mutations in cis, as this arrangement of the mutations would explain "Z" detection by genotyping but not by IEF. Molecular modeling was used to assess the effect of the variants on A1AT structure and stability. DISCUSSION Carrier status for a novel variant NullCanada with in cis mutations (c.[299 T > A;1096G > A], p.[(Ileu100Asn;Glu366Lys)]) was confirmed. A sibling was identified as having A1AT deficiency on the basis of compound heterozygosity for two alleles: NullCanada and the common Z allele. A separate pedigree from the Maritimes was subsequently recognized as carrying NullCanada. CONCLUSION In cis mutations such as NullCanada may be more common than previously described due to failure to detect such mutations using historical testing methods. Combined approaches that include gene sequencing and segregation studies allow recognition of rare A1AT variants, including in cis mutations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sharon Chen
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, St. Paul's Hospital, BC, Canada
| | - Mari L DeMarco
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, St. Paul's Hospital, BC, Canada; Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of British Columbia, BC, Canada; Centre for Heart Lung Innovation, University of British Columbia, BC, Canada
| | - Mathew P Estey
- DynaLIFE Medical Labs, AB, Canada; Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Alberta, AB, Canada
| | - Barry Kyle
- DynaLIFE Medical Labs, AB, Canada; Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Alberta, AB, Canada
| | - Michelle L Parker
- DynaLIFE Medical Labs, AB, Canada; Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Alberta, AB, Canada
| | - Terence A Agbor
- DynaLIFE Medical Labs, AB, Canada; Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Alberta, AB, Canada
| | - Patricia Kawada
- Division of Pediatric Gastroenterology & Nutrition, Department of Pediatrics, University of Alberta, AB, Canada
| | - Marsha Speevak
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Genetics, Trillium Health Partners, ON, Canada
| | - Tanya N Nelson
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of British Columbia, BC, Canada; Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, BC Children's & BC Women's Hospitals, BC, Canada
| | - Andre Mattman
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, St. Paul's Hospital, BC, Canada; Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of British Columbia, BC, Canada.
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Cho JL, Medoff BD. Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease: Back to the Basics. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2019; 198:1241-1242. [PMID: 30011221 DOI: 10.1164/rccm.201806-1148ed] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Josalyn L Cho
- 1 Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Occupational Medicine University of Iowa Iowa City, Iowa and
| | - Benjamin D Medoff
- 2 Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine Massachusetts General Hospital Boston, Massachusetts
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Wells AD, Woods A, Hilleman DE, Malesker MA. Alpha-1 Antitrypsin Replacement in Patients With COPD. P & T : A PEER-REVIEWED JOURNAL FOR FORMULARY MANAGEMENT 2019; 44:412-415. [PMID: 31258312 PMCID: PMC6590928] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease can be attributed to genetic conditions and predispositions, among other factors. Alpha-1 antitrypsin deficiency (AATD) is a significant risk factor for COPD development and progression, and aggressive screening for all patients with COPD or adult-onset asthma is encouraged.
Collapse
|
13
|
Moon JY, Leitao Filho FS, Shahangian K, Takiguchi H, Sin DD. Blood and sputum protein biomarkers for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Expert Rev Proteomics 2018; 15:923-935. [PMID: 30362838 DOI: 10.1080/14789450.2018.1539670] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a heterogeneous set of disorders, characterized by airflow limitation, and reduced lung function. Despite increasing knowledge regarding its pathophysiology, there has been limited advancement in therapeutics and the current treatment strategy is symptom management and prevention of exacerbations. Areas covered: Biomarkers represent important tools for the implementation of precision medicine. As fundamental molecules of all living processes, proteins could provide crucial information about how genes interact with the environment. Proteomics studies could act as important tools in identifying reliable biomarkers to enable a more precise therapeutic approach. In this review, we will explore the most promising blood and sputum protein biomarkers in COPD that have been consistently reported in the literature. Expert commentary: Given the complexity of COPD, no single protein biomarker has been able to improve the outcomes of COPD patients. According to preliminary studies, precision medicine in COPD will likely require a combination of different proteins in a biomarker panel for clinical translation. With advancements in current mass spectrometry techniques, an enhancement in the identification of new biomarkers will be observed, and improvements in sequence database search can fill in potential gaps between biomarker discovery and patient care.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ji-Yong Moon
- a Centre for Heart and Lung Innovation , St. Paul's Hospital & University of British Columbia , Vancouver , Canada.,b Department of Internal Medicine , Hanyang University College of Medicine , Seoul , Korea
| | - Fernando Sergio Leitao Filho
- a Centre for Heart and Lung Innovation , St. Paul's Hospital & University of British Columbia , Vancouver , Canada.,c Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Department of Medicine , Tokai University School of Medicine , Kanagawa , Japan
| | - Kimeya Shahangian
- a Centre for Heart and Lung Innovation , St. Paul's Hospital & University of British Columbia , Vancouver , Canada
| | - Hiroto Takiguchi
- a Centre for Heart and Lung Innovation , St. Paul's Hospital & University of British Columbia , Vancouver , Canada.,d Division of Respiratory Medicine (Department of Medicine) , University of British Columbia , Vancouver , Canada
| | - Don D Sin
- a Centre for Heart and Lung Innovation , St. Paul's Hospital & University of British Columbia , Vancouver , Canada.,d Division of Respiratory Medicine (Department of Medicine) , University of British Columbia , Vancouver , Canada
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Abstract
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) is characterized by irreversible airflow limitation. It is a global disease and expected to be the third leading cause of death. Respiratory exacerbations are associated with increased mortality and morbidity in this patient population. Respiratory viruses were isolated from at least 30 to 50% of the infectious respiratory COPD exacerbations with rhinovirus being most commonly isolated pathogen. Although rhinovirus does not cause airway epithelial damage like influenza and other respiratory viruses, it may further impair innate immunity of airway epithelium, which is the first line of defense in the lungs. This may increase susceptibility to secondary bacterial infections leading to progression of lung disease. Currently, there arc no therapies available to treat rhinovirus infection in COPD and therefore understanding the mechanisms underlying RV pathogenesis in COPD is essential to identify molecular target to develop new therapeutic strategies. Quercetin, a plant polyphenol, which modulates innate immunity and effectively blocks viral replication may be useful in treating rhinovirus associated COPD exacerbations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nicole Owuor
- Department of Thoracic Surgery and Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Nisha Nalamala
- Department of Thoracic Surgery and Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Joao Antonio Gimenes
- Department of Thoracic Surgery and Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Uma S Sajjan
- Department of Thoracic Surgery and Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, USA.,Department of Physiology, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| |
Collapse
|