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Deng X, Qiu Z, Chen X, Liu J, Wang X, Li J, Zhang J, Cui X, Fu Y, Jiang M. Exploring the potential mechanism of ginsenoside Rg1 to regulate ferroptosis in Alzheimer's disease based on network pharmacology. Eur J Pharmacol 2024; 979:176859. [PMID: 39067563 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2024.176859] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2024] [Revised: 07/24/2024] [Accepted: 07/24/2024] [Indexed: 07/30/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To explore the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease (AD), the potential targets and signaling pathways of ginsenoside Rg1 against AD were investigated by network pharmacology. METHODS Ginsenoside Rg1 targets were identified through PubChem, PharmMapper, and Uniprot databases, while the GeneCards database was used to examine the respective targets of amyloid precursor protein (APP) and AD. Then, the common targets between ginsenoside Rg1 and APP were explored by the Venny tool, the interaction network diagram between the active components and the targets was built via Cytoscape software, as well as GO enrichment and KEGG pathway annotation analysis were performed. Furthermore, genes associated with ferroptosis were found by the GeneCards and FerrDb databases. Besides, the connection among ginsenoside Rg1, APP, ferroptosis, and AD was predicted and analyzed. Finally, the effects of ginsenosides Rg1 and liproxstain-1 on the proliferation and differentiation of APP/PS1 mice were evaluated by immunohistochemistry. RESULTS Ginsenoside Rg1, APP, ferroptosis, and AD had 12 hub genes. GO enrichment and KEGG pathway annotation analysis showed that EGFR, SRC, protein hydrolysis, protein phosphorylation, the Relaxin pathway, and the FoxO signaling pathway play an important role in the potential mechanism of ginsenoside Rg1's under regulation of ferroptosis anti-AD through the modulation of APP-related signaling pathways. The APP/PS1 mice experiment verified that ginsenosides Rg1 and liproxstain-1 can promote the proliferation and differentiation. CONCLUSION Ginsenoside Rg1, APP and ferroptosis may act on EGFR, SRC, the Relaxin and FoxO signaling pathways to regulate protein metabolism, protein phosphorylation and other pathways to improve AD symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xu Deng
- Dongguan Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Regenerative Tissue Engineering, Department of Human Anatomy, Dongguan Campus, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, 523808, China
| | - Zixiong Qiu
- Dongguan Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Regenerative Tissue Engineering, Department of Human Anatomy, Dongguan Campus, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, 523808, China
| | - Xiaoshuai Chen
- Dongguan Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Regenerative Tissue Engineering, Department of Human Anatomy, Dongguan Campus, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, 523808, China
| | - Jiangxiu Liu
- Dongguan Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Regenerative Tissue Engineering, Department of Human Anatomy, Dongguan Campus, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, 523808, China
| | - Xiaowei Wang
- Dongguan Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Regenerative Tissue Engineering, Department of Human Anatomy, Dongguan Campus, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, 523808, China
| | - Jie Li
- Dongguan Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Regenerative Tissue Engineering, Department of Human Anatomy, Dongguan Campus, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, 523808, China
| | - Jiankai Zhang
- Dongguan Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Regenerative Tissue Engineering, Department of Human Anatomy, Dongguan Campus, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, 523808, China
| | - Xiaojun Cui
- Dongguan Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Regenerative Tissue Engineering, Department of Human Anatomy, Dongguan Campus, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, 523808, China.
| | - Yuan Fu
- Dongguan Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Regenerative Tissue Engineering, Department of Human Anatomy, Dongguan Campus, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, 523808, China.
| | - Mei Jiang
- Dongguan Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Regenerative Tissue Engineering, Department of Human Anatomy, Dongguan Campus, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, 523808, China.
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Zhang W, Tan YW, Yam WK, Tu H, Qiu L, Tan EK, Chu JJH, Zeng L. In utero infection of Zika virus leads to abnormal central nervous system development in mice. Sci Rep 2019; 9:7298. [PMID: 31086212 PMCID: PMC6513999 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-43303-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2018] [Accepted: 04/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The World Health Organization has declared ZIKA virus (ZIKV) a global public health emergency, prompted by the association of ZIKV infections with severe brain abnormalities in the human fetus. ZIKV preferentially targets human neuronal precursor cells (NPCs) in both monolayer and cortical brain organoid culture systems and stunts their growth. Although ZIKV is well recognized to cause microcephaly, there is no systematic analysis to demonstrate the effect of ZIKV on central nervous system (CNS) development, including brain malformations and spinal cord dysfunction. Here, we conducted a longitudinal analysis to show that a novel mouse model (infected in utero and monitored after birth until adulthood) recapitulates the effects of ZIKV infection affecting neural stem cells fate and leads to a thinner cortex and a smaller brain. Furthermore, we demonstrate the effect of ZIKV on spinal cord function. Specifically, we found significant reductions in neuron numbers in the anterior horn of grey matter of the spinal cord and muscle dystrophy with a significant decrease in forepaw grip strength in the ZIKV group. Thus, the established mouse model of ZIKV infection leading to abnormal CNS development will help to further advance our understanding of the disease pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Zhang
- Neural Stem Cell Research Lab, Research Department, National Neuroscience Institute, Singapore, 308433, Singapore
| | - Yong Wah Tan
- Collaborative Translation Unit for HFMD, Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, Agency of Science, Technology & Research (A STAR), Singapore, 138673, Singapore
| | - Wan Keat Yam
- Collaborative Translation Unit for HFMD, Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, Agency of Science, Technology & Research (A STAR), Singapore, 138673, Singapore
| | - Haitao Tu
- Neural Stem Cell Research Lab, Research Department, National Neuroscience Institute, Singapore, 308433, Singapore
| | - Lifeng Qiu
- Neural Stem Cell Research Lab, Research Department, National Neuroscience Institute, Singapore, 308433, Singapore
| | - Eng King Tan
- Research Department, National Neuroscience Institute, SGH Campus, Singapore, 169856, Singapore.,Department of Neurology, National Neuroscience Institute, SGH Campus, Singapore, 169856, Singapore.,Neuroscience & Behavioral Disorders Program, DUKE-NUS Graduate Medical School, Singapore, 169857, Singapore
| | - Justin Jang Hann Chu
- Collaborative Translation Unit for HFMD, Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, Agency of Science, Technology & Research (A STAR), Singapore, 138673, Singapore.,Laboratory of Molecular RNA Virology and Antiviral Strategies, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117597, Singapore
| | - Li Zeng
- Neural Stem Cell Research Lab, Research Department, National Neuroscience Institute, Singapore, 308433, Singapore. .,Neuroscience & Behavioral Disorders Program, DUKE-NUS Graduate Medical School, Singapore, 169857, Singapore. .,Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Novena Campus, 11 Mandalay Road, Singapore, 308232, Singapore.
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