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Shah SH, Schiapparelli LM, Ma Y, Yokota S, Atkins M, Xia X, Cameron EG, Huang T, Saturday S, Sun CB, Knasel C, Blackshaw S, Yates Iii JR, Cline HT, Goldberg JL. Quantitative transportomics identifies Kif5a as a major regulator of neurodegeneration. eLife 2022; 11:68148. [PMID: 35259089 PMCID: PMC8947766 DOI: 10.7554/elife.68148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2021] [Accepted: 03/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Many neurons in the adult central nervous system, including retinal ganglion cells (RGCs), degenerate and die after injury. Early axon protein and organelle trafficking failure is a key component in many neurodegenerative disorders yet changes to axoplasmic transport in disease models have not been quantified. We analyzed early changes in the protein ‘transportome’ from RGC somas to their axons after optic nerve injury and identified transport failure of an anterograde motor protein Kif5a early in RGC degeneration. We demonstrated that manipulating Kif5a expression affects anterograde mitochondrial trafficking in RGCs and characterized axon transport in Kif5a knockout mice to identify proteins whose axon localization was Kif5a-dependent. Finally, we found that knockout of Kif5a in RGCs resulted in progressive RGC degeneration in the absence of injury. Together with expression data localizing Kif5a to human RGCs, these data identify Kif5a transport failure as a cause of RGC neurodegeneration and point to a mechanism for future therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sahil H Shah
- Byers Eye Institute and Spencer Center for Vision Research, Stanford University, Palo Alto, United States
| | | | - Yuanhui Ma
- Department of Molecular Medicine, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, United States
| | - Satoshi Yokota
- Byers Eye Institute and Spencer Center for Vision Research, Stanford University, Palo Alto, United States
| | - Melissa Atkins
- Byers Eye Institute and Spencer Center for Vision Research, Stanford University, Palo Alto, United States
| | - Xin Xia
- Byers Eye Institute and Spencer Center for Vision Research, Stanford University, Palo Alto, United States
| | - Evan G Cameron
- Byers Eye Institute and Spencer Center for Vision Research, Stanford University, Palo Alto, United States
| | - Thanh Huang
- Department of Neuroscience, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, United States
| | - Sarah Saturday
- Neuroscience Department, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, United States
| | - Catalin B Sun
- Byers Eye Institute and Spencer Center for Vision Research, Stanford University, Palo Alto, United States
| | - Cara Knasel
- Byers Eye Institute and Spencer Center for Vision Research, Stanford University, Palo Alto, United States
| | - Seth Blackshaw
- Department of Neuroscience, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, United States
| | - John R Yates Iii
- Department of Molecular Medicine, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, United States
| | - Hollis T Cline
- Neuroscience Department, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, United States
| | - Jeffrey L Goldberg
- Byers Eye Institute and Spencer Center for Vision Research, Stanford University, Palo Alto, United States
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Morriss NJ, Conley GM, Hodgson N, Boucher M, Ospina-Mora S, Fagiolini M, Puder M, Mejia L, Qiu J, Meehan W, Mannix R. Visual Dysfunction after Repetitive Mild Traumatic Brain Injury in a Mouse Model and Ramifications on Behavioral Metrics. J Neurotrauma 2021; 38:2881-2895. [PMID: 34375128 PMCID: PMC10495212 DOI: 10.1089/neu.2021.0165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI) is a major cause of morbidity and mortality with a poorly understood pathophysiology. Animal models have been increasingly utilized to better understand mTBI and recent research has identified visual deficits in these models that correspond to human literature. While visual impairment is being further characterized within TBI, the implications of impaired vision on behavioral tasks commonly utilized in animal models has not been well described thus far. Visual deficits may well confound behavioral tests that are believed to be isolated to cognitive functioning such as learning and memory. We utilized a mouse model of repetitive mTBI (rmTBI) to further characterize visual deficits using an optomotor task, electroretinogram, and visually evoked potential, and located likely areas of damage to the visual pathway. Mice were tested on multiple behavioral metrics, including a touchscreen conditional learning task to better identify the contribution of visual dysfunction to behavioral alterations. We found that rmTBI caused visual dysfunction resulting from damage distal to the retina that likely involves pathology within the optic nerve. Moreover, loss of vision led to poorer performance of rmTBI animals on classic behavioral tests such as the Morris water maze that would otherwise be attributed solely to learning and memory deficits. The touchscreen conditional learning task was able to differentiate rmTBI induced learning and memory dysfunction from visual impairment and is a valuable tool for elucidating subtle changes resulting from TBI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicholas J. Morriss
- Division of Emergency Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Grace M. Conley
- Division of Emergency Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Nathaniel Hodgson
- Department of Neurology, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Masen Boucher
- Division of Emergency Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Sara Ospina-Mora
- Division of Emergency Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Michaela Fagiolini
- Department of Neurology, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Mark Puder
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Department of Surgery, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Leo Mejia
- Department of Neurology, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Jianhua Qiu
- Division of Emergency Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - William Meehan
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- The Micheli Center for Sports Injury Prevention, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Sports Concussion Clinic, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Rebekah Mannix
- Division of Emergency Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
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Retinal and cortical visual acuity in a common inbred albino mouse. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0242394. [PMID: 34048428 PMCID: PMC8162811 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0242394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2020] [Accepted: 05/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
While albino mice are widely used in research which includes the use of visually guided behavioral tests, information on their visual capability is scarce. We compared the spatial resolution (acuity) of albino mice (BALB/c) with that of pigmented mice (C57BL/6J). We used a high-throughput pattern electroretinogram (PERG) and pattern visual evoked potential (PVEP) method for objective assessment of retinal and cortical acuity, as well as optomotor head-tracking response/ reflex (OMR). We found that PERG, PVEP, and OMR acuities of C57BL/6J mice were all in the range of 0.5-0.6 cycles/degree (cyc/deg). BALB/c mice had PERG and PVEP acuities in the range of 0.1-0.2 cyc/deg but were unresponsive to OMR stimulus. Results indicate that retinal and cortical acuity can be reliably determined with electrophysiological methods in BALB/c mice, although PERG/PVEP acuities are lower than those of C57BL/6J mice. The reduced acuity of BALB/c mice appears to be primarily determined at retinal level.
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Chou TH, Romano GL, Amato R, Porciatti V. Nicotinamide-Rich Diet in DBA/2J Mice Preserves Retinal Ganglion Cell Metabolic Function as Assessed by PERG Adaptation to Flicker. Nutrients 2020; 12:nu12071910. [PMID: 32605122 PMCID: PMC7401244 DOI: 10.3390/nu12071910] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2020] [Revised: 06/22/2020] [Accepted: 06/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Flickering light increases metabolic demand in the inner retina. Flicker may exacerbate defective mitochondrial function in glaucoma, which will be reflected in the pattern electroretinogram (PERG), a sensitive test of retinal ganglion cell (RGC) function. We tested whether flicker altered the PERG of DBA/2J (D2) glaucomatous mice and whether vitamin B3-rich diet contributed to the flicker effect. D2 mice fed with either standard chow (control, n = 10) or chow/water enriched with nicotinamide (NAM, 2000 mg/kg per day) (treated, n = 10) were monitored from 3 to 12 months. The PERG was recorded with superimposed flicker (F-PERG) at either 101 Hz (baseline) or 11 Hz (test), and baseline-test amplitude difference (adaptation) evaluated. At endpoint, flat-mounted retinas were immunostained (RBPMS and mito-tracker). F-PERG adaptation was 41% in 3-month-old D2 and decreased with age more in control D2 than in NAM-fed D2 (GEE, p < 0.01). At the endpoint, F-PERG adaptation was 0% in control D2 and 17.5% in NAM-fed D2, together with higher RGC density (2.4×), larger RGC soma size (2×), and greater intensity of mitochondrial staining (3.75×). F-PERG adaptation may provide a non-invasive tool to assess RGC autoregulation in response to increased metabolic demand and test the effect of dietary/pharmacological treatments on optic nerve disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tsung-Han Chou
- Bascom Palmer Eye Institute, University of Miami, Miami, FL 33136, USA; (G.L.R.); (R.A.); (V.P.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-305-482-4827
| | - Giovanni Luca Romano
- Bascom Palmer Eye Institute, University of Miami, Miami, FL 33136, USA; (G.L.R.); (R.A.); (V.P.)
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania, CT 95124 Catania, Italy
| | - Rosario Amato
- Bascom Palmer Eye Institute, University of Miami, Miami, FL 33136, USA; (G.L.R.); (R.A.); (V.P.)
- Department of Biology, University of Pisa, PI 56126 Pisa, Italy
| | - Vittorio Porciatti
- Bascom Palmer Eye Institute, University of Miami, Miami, FL 33136, USA; (G.L.R.); (R.A.); (V.P.)
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Chou TH, Toft-Nielsen J, Porciatti V. Adaptation of retinal ganglion cell function during flickering light in the mouse. Sci Rep 2019; 9:18396. [PMID: 31804570 PMCID: PMC6895232 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-54930-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2019] [Accepted: 11/20/2019] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Rapid dilation of retinal vessels in response to flickering light (functional hyperemia) is a well-known autoregulatory response driven by increased neural activity in the inner retina. Little is known about flicker-induced changes of activity of retinal neurons themselves. We non-invasively investigated flicker-induced changes of retinal ganglion cell (RGC) function in common inbred mouse strains using the pattern electroretinogram (PERG), a sensitive measure of RGC function. Flicker was superimposed on the pattern stimulus at frequencies that did not generate measurable flicker-ERG and alter the PERG response. Transition from flicker at 101 Hz (control) to flicker at 11 Hz (test) at constant mean luminance induced a slow reduction of PERG amplitude to a minimum (39% loss in C57BL/6J mice and 52% loss in DBA/2J mice) 4–5 minutes after 11 Hz flicker onset, followed by a slow recovery to baseline over 20 minutes. Results demonstrate that the magnitude and temporal dynamics of RGC response induced by flicker at 11 Hz can be non-invasively assessed with PERG in the mouse. This allows investigating the functional phenotype of different mouse strains as well as pathological changes in glaucoma and optic nerve disease. The non-contact flicker-PERG method opens the possibility of combined assessment of neural and vascular response dynamics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tsung-Han Chou
- Bascom Palmer Eye Institute, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida, USA
| | | | - Vittorio Porciatti
- Bascom Palmer Eye Institute, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida, USA.
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