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Tur S, Palii CG, Brand M. Cell fate decision in erythropoiesis: Insights from multiomics studies. Exp Hematol 2024; 131:104167. [PMID: 38262486 PMCID: PMC10939800 DOI: 10.1016/j.exphem.2024.104167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2023] [Revised: 01/10/2024] [Accepted: 01/13/2024] [Indexed: 01/25/2024]
Abstract
Every second, the body produces 2 million red blood cells through a process called erythropoiesis. Erythropoiesis is hierarchical in that it results from a series of cell fate decisions whereby hematopoietic stem cells progress toward the erythroid lineage. Single-cell transcriptomic and proteomic approaches have revolutionized the way we understand erythropoiesis, revealing it to be a gradual process that underlies a progressive restriction of fate potential driven by quantitative changes in lineage-specifying transcription factors. Despite these major advances, we still know very little about what cell fate decision entails at the molecular level. Novel approaches that simultaneously measure additional properties in single cells, including chromatin accessibility, transcription factor binding, and/or cell surface proteins are being developed at a fast pace, providing the means to exciting new advances in the near future. In this review, we briefly summarize the main findings obtained from single-cell studies of erythropoiesis, highlight outstanding questions, and suggest recent technological advances to address them.
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Affiliation(s)
- Steven Tur
- Department of Cell and Regenerative Biology, Wisconsin Blood Cancer Research Institute, Wisconsin Institutes for Medical Research, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Carbone Cancer Center, Madison, WI; Cellular and Molecular Biology Graduate Program, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI
| | - Carmen G Palii
- Department of Cell and Regenerative Biology, Wisconsin Blood Cancer Research Institute, Wisconsin Institutes for Medical Research, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Carbone Cancer Center, Madison, WI
| | - Marjorie Brand
- Department of Cell and Regenerative Biology, Wisconsin Blood Cancer Research Institute, Wisconsin Institutes for Medical Research, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Carbone Cancer Center, Madison, WI.
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Huang M, Yang J, Li P, Chen Y. Embryo-Engineered Nonhuman Primate Models: Progress and Gap to Translational Medicine. RESEARCH (WASHINGTON, D.C.) 2021; 2021:9898769. [PMID: 34549187 PMCID: PMC8404551 DOI: 10.34133/2021/9898769] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2021] [Accepted: 08/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Animal models of human diseases are vital in better understanding the mechanism of pathogenesis and essential for evaluating and validating potential therapeutic interventions. As close relatives of humans, nonhuman primates (NHPs) play an increasingly indispensable role in advancing translational medicine research. In this review, we summarized the progress of NHP models generated by embryo engineering, analyzed their unique advantages in mimicking clinical patients, and discussed the remaining gap between basic research of NHP models to translational medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mei Huang
- Yunnan Key Laboratory of Primate Biomedical Research, Institute of Primate Translational Medicine, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650500, China
- State Key Laboratory of Primate Biomedical Research, Kunming 650500, China
| | - Jiao Yang
- Yunnan Key Laboratory of Primate Biomedical Research, Institute of Primate Translational Medicine, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650500, China
- State Key Laboratory of Primate Biomedical Research, Kunming 650500, China
| | - Peng Li
- Yunnan Key Laboratory of Primate Biomedical Research, Institute of Primate Translational Medicine, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650500, China
- State Key Laboratory of Primate Biomedical Research, Kunming 650500, China
| | - Yongchang Chen
- Yunnan Key Laboratory of Primate Biomedical Research, Institute of Primate Translational Medicine, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650500, China
- State Key Laboratory of Primate Biomedical Research, Kunming 650500, China
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Dynamic changes in murine erythropoiesis from birth to adulthood: implications for the study of murine models of anemia. Blood Adv 2021; 5:16-25. [PMID: 33570621 DOI: 10.1182/bloodadvances.2020003632] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2020] [Accepted: 11/23/2020] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Liver, spleen, and bone marrow are 3 key erythropoietic tissues in mammals. In the mouse, the liver is the predominant site of erythropoiesis during fetal development, the spleen responds to stress erythropoiesis, and the bone marrow is involved in maintaining homeostatic erythropoiesis in adults. However, the dynamic changes and respective contributions of the erythropoietic activity of these tissues from birth to adulthood are incompletely defined. Using C57BL/6 mice, we systematically examined the age-dependent changes in liver, spleen, and bone marrow erythropoiesis following birth. In addition to bone marrow, the liver and spleen of newborn mice sustain an active erythropoietic activity that is gradually lost during first few weeks of life. While the erythropoietic activity of the liver is lost 1 week after birth, that of the spleen is maintained for 7 weeks until the erythropoietic activity of the bone marrow is sufficient to sustain steady-state adult erythropoiesis. Measurement of the red cell parameters demonstrates that these postnatal dynamic changes are reflected by varying indices of circulating red cells. While the red cell numbers, hemoglobin concentration, and hematocrit progressively increase after birth and reach steady-state levels by week 7, reticulocyte counts decrease during this time period. Mean cell volume and mean cell hemoglobin progressively decrease and reach steady state by week 3. Our findings provide comprehensive insights into developmental changes of murine erythropoiesis postnatally and have significant implications for the appropriate interpretation of findings from the variety of murine models used in the study of normal and disordered erythropoiesis.
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Jiang S. MicroRNA-451 Escapes Global MicroRNA Crisis by Clustered Neighboring MicroRNA-144 During Erythropoiesis. Mol Cell 2020; 78:808-810. [PMID: 32502420 DOI: 10.1016/j.molcel.2020.04.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
In a recent issue of Molecular Cell, Kretov et al. (2020) demonstrate that microRNA-144 targets Dicer in a negative feedback loop, affecting global canonical microRNA expression in erythrocytes. MicroRNA-451 is refractory to the loss of Dicer because of its Ago2-dependent processing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuai Jiang
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, Shreveport, LA 71130, USA.
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Skryabin BV, Kummerfeld DM, Gubar L, Seeger B, Kaiser H, Stegemann A, Roth J, Meuth SG, Pavenstädt H, Sherwood J, Pap T, Wedlich-Söldner R, Sunderkötter C, Schwartz YB, Brosius J, Rozhdestvensky TS. Pervasive head-to-tail insertions of DNA templates mask desired CRISPR-Cas9-mediated genome editing events. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2020; 6:eaax2941. [PMID: 32095517 PMCID: PMC7015686 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.aax2941] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2019] [Accepted: 11/25/2019] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
CRISPR-Cas9-mediated homology-directed DNA repair is the method of choice for precise gene editing in a wide range of model organisms, including mouse and human. Broad use by the biomedical community refined the method, making it more efficient and sequence specific. Nevertheless, the rapidly evolving technique still contains pitfalls. During the generation of six different conditional knockout mouse models, we discovered that frequently (sometimes solely) homology-directed repair and/or nonhomologous end joining mechanisms caused multiple unwanted head-to-tail insertions of donor DNA templates. Disturbingly, conventionally applied PCR analysis, in most cases, failed to identify these multiple integration events, which led to a high rate of falsely claimed precisely edited alleles. We caution that comprehensive analysis of modified alleles is essential and offer practical solutions to correctly identify precisely edited chromosomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Boris V Skryabin
- Medical Faculty, Core Facility Transgenic Animal and Genetic Engineering Models (TRAM), University of Muenster, Muenster, Germany
| | - Delf-Magnus Kummerfeld
- Medical Faculty, Core Facility Transgenic Animal and Genetic Engineering Models (TRAM), University of Muenster, Muenster, Germany
| | - Leonid Gubar
- Medical Faculty, Core Facility Transgenic Animal and Genetic Engineering Models (TRAM), University of Muenster, Muenster, Germany
| | - Birte Seeger
- Medical Faculty, Core Facility Transgenic Animal and Genetic Engineering Models (TRAM), University of Muenster, Muenster, Germany
| | - Helena Kaiser
- Medical Faculty, Core Facility Transgenic Animal and Genetic Engineering Models (TRAM), University of Muenster, Muenster, Germany
| | - Anja Stegemann
- Medical Faculty, Core Facility Transgenic Animal and Genetic Engineering Models (TRAM), University of Muenster, Muenster, Germany
| | - Johannes Roth
- Institute of Immunology, University Hospital Muenster, Muenster, Germany
| | - Sven G Meuth
- Clinic of Neurology with Institute of Translational Neurology, University Hospital Muenster, Muenster, Germany
| | | | - Joanna Sherwood
- Institute of Experimental Musculoskeletal Medicine (IMM), University Hospital Muenster, Muenster, Germany
| | - Thomas Pap
- Institute of Experimental Musculoskeletal Medicine (IMM), University Hospital Muenster, Muenster, Germany
| | | | - Cord Sunderkötter
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, University Hospital Halle, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Yuri B Schwartz
- Department of Molecular Biology, Umeå University, 901 87 Umeå, Sweden
| | - Juergen Brosius
- Institute of Experimental Pathology (ZMBE), University of Muenster, Muenster, Germany.,Institutes for Systems Genetics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Timofey S Rozhdestvensky
- Medical Faculty, Core Facility Transgenic Animal and Genetic Engineering Models (TRAM), University of Muenster, Muenster, Germany
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Radtke S, Humbert O, Kiem HP. Mouse models in hematopoietic stem cell gene therapy and genome editing. Biochem Pharmacol 2019; 174:113692. [PMID: 31705854 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2019.113692] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2019] [Accepted: 11/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Gene therapy has become an important treatment option for a variety of hematological diseases. The biggest advances have been made with CAR T cells and many of those studies are now FDA approved as a routine treatment for some hematologic malignancies. Hematopoietic stem cell (HSC) gene therapy is not far behind with treatment approvals granted for beta-hemoglobinopathies and adenosine deaminase severe combined immune deficiency (ADA-SCID), and additional approbations currently being sought. With the current pace of research, the significant investment of biotech companies, and the continuously growing toolbox of viral as well as non-viral gene delivery methods, the development of new ex vivo and in vivo gene therapy approaches is at an all-time high. Research in the field of gene therapy has been ongoing for more than 4 decades with big success stories as well as devastating drawbacks along the way. In particular, the damaging effect of uncontrolled viral vector integration observed in the initial gene therapy applications in the 90s led to a more comprehensive upfront safety assessment of treatment strategies. Since the late 90s, an important read-out to comprehensively assess the quality and safety of cell products has come forward with the mouse xenograft model. Here, we review the use of mouse models across the different stages of basic, pre-clinical and translational research towards the clinical application of HSC-mediated gene therapy and editing approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefan Radtke
- Stem Cell and Gene Therapy Program, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA 98109, USA.
| | - Olivier Humbert
- Stem Cell and Gene Therapy Program, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA 98109, USA.
| | - Hans-Peter Kiem
- Stem Cell and Gene Therapy Program, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA 98109, USA; Department of Medicine, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA 98195, USA; Department of Pathology, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
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Integrative view on how erythropoietin signaling controls transcription patterns in erythroid cells. Curr Opin Hematol 2019; 25:189-195. [PMID: 29389768 DOI: 10.1097/moh.0000000000000415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Erythropoietin (EPO) is necessary and sufficient to trigger dynamic transcriptional patterns that drive the differentiation of erythroid precursor cells into mature, enucleated red cells. Because the molecular cloning and Food and Drug Administration approval for the therapeutic use of EPO over 30 years ago, a detailed understanding of how EPO works has advanced substantially. Yet, the precise epigenetic and transcriptional mechanisms by which EPO signaling controls erythroid expression patterns remains poorly understood. This review focuses on the current state of erythroid biology in regards to EPO signaling from human genetics and functional genomics perspectives. RECENT FINDINGS The goal of this review is to provide an integrative view of the gene regulatory underpinnings for erythroid expression patterns that are dynamically shaped during erythroid differentiation. Here, we highlight vignettes connecting recent insights into a genome-wide association study linking an EPO mutation to anemia, a study linking EPO-signaling to signal transducer and activator of transcription 5 (STAT5) chromatin occupancy and enhancers, and studies that examine the molecular mechanisms driving topological chromatin organization in erythroid cells. SUMMARY The genetic, epigenetic, and gene regulatory mechanisms underlying how hormone signal transduction influences erythroid gene expression remains only partly understood. A detailed understanding of these molecular pathways and how they intersect with one another will provide the basis for novel strategies to treat anemia and potentially other hematological diseases. As new regulators and signal transducers of EPO-signaling continue to emerge, new clinically relevant targets may be identified that improve the specificity and effectiveness of EPO therapy.
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