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Clausen BE, Amon L, Backer RA, Berod L, Bopp T, Brand A, Burgdorf S, Chen L, Da M, Distler U, Dress RJ, Dudziak D, Dutertre CA, Eich C, Gabele A, Geiger M, Ginhoux F, Giusiano L, Godoy GJ, Hamouda AEI, Hatscher L, Heger L, Heidkamp GF, Hernandez LC, Jacobi L, Kaszubowski T, Kong WT, Lehmann CHK, López-López T, Mahnke K, Nitsche D, Renkawitz J, Reza RA, Sáez PJ, Schlautmann L, Schmitt MT, Seichter A, Sielaff M, Sparwasser T, Stoitzner P, Tchitashvili G, Tenzer S, Tochoedo NR, Vurnek D, Zink F, Hieronymus T. Guidelines for mouse and human DC functional assays. Eur J Immunol 2023; 53:e2249925. [PMID: 36563126 DOI: 10.1002/eji.202249925] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2022] [Revised: 10/25/2022] [Accepted: 10/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
This article is part of the Dendritic Cell Guidelines article series, which provides a collection of state-of-the-art protocols for the preparation, phenotype analysis by flow cytometry, generation, fluorescence microscopy, and functional characterization of mouse and human dendritic cells (DC) from lymphoid organs and various non-lymphoid tissues. Recent studies have provided evidence for an increasing number of phenotypically distinct conventional DC (cDC) subsets that on one hand exhibit a certain functional plasticity, but on the other hand are characterized by their tissue- and context-dependent functional specialization. Here, we describe a selection of assays for the functional characterization of mouse and human cDC. The first two protocols illustrate analysis of cDC endocytosis and metabolism, followed by guidelines for transcriptomic and proteomic characterization of cDC populations. Then, a larger group of assays describes the characterization of cDC migration in vitro, ex vivo, and in vivo. The final guidelines measure cDC inflammasome and antigen (cross)-presentation activity. While all protocols were written by experienced scientists who routinely use them in their work, this article was also peer-reviewed by leading experts and approved by all co-authors, making it an essential resource for basic and clinical DC immunologists.
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Affiliation(s)
- Björn E Clausen
- Research Center for Immunotherapy (FZI), University Medical Center of the Johannes-Gutenberg University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
- Institute for Molecular Medicine, Paul Klein Center for Immune Intervention, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Lukas Amon
- Laboratory of Dendritic Cell Biology, Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Erlangen, Germany
| | - Ronald A Backer
- Research Center for Immunotherapy (FZI), University Medical Center of the Johannes-Gutenberg University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
- Institute for Molecular Medicine, Paul Klein Center for Immune Intervention, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Luciana Berod
- Research Center for Immunotherapy (FZI), University Medical Center of the Johannes-Gutenberg University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Germany
| | - Tobias Bopp
- Research Center for Immunotherapy (FZI), University Medical Center of the Johannes-Gutenberg University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
- Institute of Immunology, Paul Klein Center for Immune Intervention, University Medical Center of the Johannes-Gutenberg University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Anna Brand
- Institute for Molecular Medicine, Paul Klein Center for Immune Intervention, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Sven Burgdorf
- Laboratory of Cellular Immunology, LIMES Institute, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Luxia Chen
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Meihong Da
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Ute Distler
- Research Center for Immunotherapy (FZI), University Medical Center of the Johannes-Gutenberg University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
- Institute of Immunology, Paul Klein Center for Immune Intervention, University Medical Center of the Johannes-Gutenberg University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Regine J Dress
- Institute of Systems Immunology, Hamburg Center for Translational Immunology (HCTI), University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Diana Dudziak
- Laboratory of Dendritic Cell Biology, Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Erlangen, Germany
- Medical Immunology Campus Erlangen (MICE), Erlangen, Germany
- Deutsches Zentrum Immuntherapie (DZI), Germany
| | - Charles-Antoine Dutertre
- Gustave Roussy Cancer Campus, Villejuif, France
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) U1015, Equipe Labellisée-Ligue Nationale contre le Cancer, Villejuif, France
| | - Christina Eich
- Institute for Molecular Medicine, Paul Klein Center for Immune Intervention, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Anna Gabele
- Research Center for Immunotherapy (FZI), University Medical Center of the Johannes-Gutenberg University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
- Institute of Immunology, Paul Klein Center for Immune Intervention, University Medical Center of the Johannes-Gutenberg University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Melanie Geiger
- Institute for Biomedical Engineering, Department of Cell Biology, RWTH Aachen University, Medical Faculty, Aachen, Germany
- Helmholtz-Institute for Biomedical Engineering, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
| | - Florent Ginhoux
- Gustave Roussy Cancer Campus, Villejuif, France
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) U1015, Equipe Labellisée-Ligue Nationale contre le Cancer, Villejuif, France
- Singapore Immunology Network (SIgN), Agency for Science, Technology and Research, Singapore, Singapore
- Shanghai Institute of Immunology, Department of Immunology and Microbiology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Translational Immunology Institute, SingHealth Duke-NUS Academic Medical Centre, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Lucila Giusiano
- Institute of Medical Microbiology and Hygiene, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Germany
| | - Gloria J Godoy
- Institute of Medical Microbiology and Hygiene, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Germany
| | - Ahmed E I Hamouda
- Institute for Biomedical Engineering, Department of Cell Biology, RWTH Aachen University, Medical Faculty, Aachen, Germany
- Helmholtz-Institute for Biomedical Engineering, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
| | - Lukas Hatscher
- Laboratory of Dendritic Cell Biology, Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Erlangen, Germany
| | - Lukas Heger
- Laboratory of Dendritic Cell Biology, Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Erlangen, Germany
| | - Gordon F Heidkamp
- Laboratory of Dendritic Cell Biology, Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Erlangen, Germany
| | - Lola C Hernandez
- Cell Communication and Migration Laboratory, Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology, Center for Experimental Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Lukas Jacobi
- Laboratory of Dendritic Cell Biology, Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Erlangen, Germany
| | - Tomasz Kaszubowski
- Laboratory of Dendritic Cell Biology, Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Erlangen, Germany
| | - Wan Ting Kong
- Gustave Roussy Cancer Campus, Villejuif, France
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) U1015, Equipe Labellisée-Ligue Nationale contre le Cancer, Villejuif, France
| | - Christian H K Lehmann
- Laboratory of Dendritic Cell Biology, Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Erlangen, Germany
- Medical Immunology Campus Erlangen (MICE), Erlangen, Germany
- Deutsches Zentrum Immuntherapie (DZI), Germany
| | - Tamara López-López
- Cell Communication and Migration Laboratory, Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology, Center for Experimental Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Karsten Mahnke
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Dominik Nitsche
- Laboratory of Cellular Immunology, LIMES Institute, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Jörg Renkawitz
- Biomedical Center (BMC), Walter Brendel Center of Experimental Medicine, Institute of Cardiovascular Physiology and Pathophysiology, Klinikum der Universität, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Rifat A Reza
- Biomedical Center (BMC), Walter Brendel Center of Experimental Medicine, Institute of Cardiovascular Physiology and Pathophysiology, Klinikum der Universität, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Pablo J Sáez
- Cell Communication and Migration Laboratory, Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology, Center for Experimental Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Laura Schlautmann
- Laboratory of Cellular Immunology, LIMES Institute, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Madeleine T Schmitt
- Biomedical Center (BMC), Walter Brendel Center of Experimental Medicine, Institute of Cardiovascular Physiology and Pathophysiology, Klinikum der Universität, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Anna Seichter
- Laboratory of Dendritic Cell Biology, Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Erlangen, Germany
| | - Malte Sielaff
- Research Center for Immunotherapy (FZI), University Medical Center of the Johannes-Gutenberg University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
- Institute of Immunology, Paul Klein Center for Immune Intervention, University Medical Center of the Johannes-Gutenberg University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Tim Sparwasser
- Research Center for Immunotherapy (FZI), University Medical Center of the Johannes-Gutenberg University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
- Institute of Medical Microbiology and Hygiene, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Germany
| | - Patrizia Stoitzner
- Department of Dermatology, Venerology & Allergology, Medical University Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Giorgi Tchitashvili
- Laboratory of Dendritic Cell Biology, Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Erlangen, Germany
| | - Stefan Tenzer
- Research Center for Immunotherapy (FZI), University Medical Center of the Johannes-Gutenberg University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
- Institute of Immunology, Paul Klein Center for Immune Intervention, University Medical Center of the Johannes-Gutenberg University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
- Helmholtz Institute for Translational Oncology Mainz (HI-TRON Mainz), Mainz, Germany
| | - Nounagnon R Tochoedo
- Laboratory of Dendritic Cell Biology, Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Erlangen, Germany
| | - Damir Vurnek
- Laboratory of Dendritic Cell Biology, Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Erlangen, Germany
| | - Fabian Zink
- Laboratory of Cellular Immunology, LIMES Institute, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Thomas Hieronymus
- Institute for Biomedical Engineering, Department of Cell Biology, RWTH Aachen University, Medical Faculty, Aachen, Germany
- Helmholtz-Institute for Biomedical Engineering, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
- Institute of Cell and Tumor Biology, RWTH Aachen University, Medical Faculty, Germany
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Calì B, Deygas M, Munari F, Marcuzzi E, Cassará A, Toffali L, Vetralla M, Bernard M, Piel M, Gagliano O, Mastrogiovanni M, Laudanna C, Elvassore N, Molon B, Vargas P, Viola A. Atypical CXCL12 signaling enhances neutrophil migration by modulating nuclear deformability. Sci Signal 2022; 15:eabk2552. [DOI: 10.1126/scisignal.abk2552] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
To reach inflamed tissues from the circulation, neutrophils must overcome physical constraints imposed by the tissue architecture, such as the endothelial barrier or the three-dimensional (3D) interstitial space. In these microenvironments, neutrophils are forced to migrate through spaces smaller than their own diameter. One of the main challenges for cell passage through narrow gaps is the deformation of the nucleus, the largest and stiffest organelle in cells. Here, we showed that chemokines, the extracellular signals that guide cell migration in vivo, modulated nuclear plasticity to support neutrophil migration in restricted microenvironments. Exploiting microfabricated devices, we found that the CXC chemokine CXCL12 enhanced the nuclear pliability of mouse bone marrow–derived neutrophils to sustain their migration in 3D landscapes. This previously uncharacterized function of CXCL12 was mediated by the atypical chemokine receptor ACKR3 (also known as CXCR7), required protein kinase A (PKA) activity, and induced chromatin compaction, which resulted in enhanced cell migration in 3D. Thus, we propose that chemical cues regulate the nuclear plasticity of migrating leukocytes to optimize their motility in restricted microenvironments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bianca Calì
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
- Fondazione Istituto di Ricerca Pediatrica Città della Speranza, Padova, Italy
- Institut Curie, PSL Research University, CNRS, UMR 144, F-75005 Paris, France
| | - Mathieu Deygas
- Institut Curie, PSL Research University, CNRS, UMR 144, F-75005 Paris, France
- Institut Pierre-Gilles de Gennes, PSL Research University, F-75005 Paris, France
| | - Fabio Munari
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
- Fondazione Istituto di Ricerca Pediatrica Città della Speranza, Padova, Italy
| | - Elisabetta Marcuzzi
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
- Fondazione Istituto di Ricerca Pediatrica Città della Speranza, Padova, Italy
| | - Antonino Cassará
- Fondazione Istituto di Ricerca Pediatrica Città della Speranza, Padova, Italy
| | - Lara Toffali
- University of Verona, Department of Medicine, Division of General Pathology, Verona, Italy
| | - Massimo Vetralla
- Venetian Institute of Molecular Medicine, Padova, Italy
- Department of Industrial Engineering, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Mathilde Bernard
- Institut Curie, PSL Research University, CNRS, UMR 144, F-75005 Paris, France
- Institut Pierre-Gilles de Gennes, PSL Research University, F-75005 Paris, France
| | - Matthieu Piel
- Institut Curie, PSL Research University, CNRS, UMR 144, F-75005 Paris, France
- Institut Pierre-Gilles de Gennes, PSL Research University, F-75005 Paris, France
| | - Onelia Gagliano
- Venetian Institute of Molecular Medicine, Padova, Italy
- Department of Industrial Engineering, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Marta Mastrogiovanni
- Lymphocyte Cell Biology Unit, Department of Immunology, Institut Pasteur, INSERM-U1224, Ligue Nationale Contre le Cancer, Équipe Labellisée Ligue 2018, F-75015 Paris, France
- Sorbonne Université, Collège Doctoral, F-75005 Paris. France
| | - Carlo Laudanna
- University of Verona, Department of Medicine, Division of General Pathology, Verona, Italy
| | - Nicola Elvassore
- Venetian Institute of Molecular Medicine, Padova, Italy
- Department of Industrial Engineering, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Barbara Molon
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
- Fondazione Istituto di Ricerca Pediatrica Città della Speranza, Padova, Italy
- Venetian Institute of Molecular Medicine, Padova, Italy
| | - Pablo Vargas
- Institut Curie, PSL Research University, CNRS, UMR 144, F-75005 Paris, France
- Institut Pierre-Gilles de Gennes, PSL Research University, F-75005 Paris, France
- Université Paris Cité, INSERM UMR-S1151, CNRS UMR-S8253, Institut Necker Enfants Malades, F-75015 Paris, France
| | - Antonella Viola
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
- Fondazione Istituto di Ricerca Pediatrica Città della Speranza, Padova, Italy
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3
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Marín T, Dulcey AE, Campos F, de la Fuente C, Acuña M, Castro J, Pinto C, Yañez MJ, Cortez C, McGrath DW, Sáez PJ, Gorshkov K, Zheng W, Southall N, Carmo-Fonseca M, Marugán J, Alvarez AR, Zanlungo S. c-Abl Activation Linked to Autophagy-Lysosomal Dysfunction Contributes to Neurological Impairment in Niemann-Pick Type A Disease. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 10:844297. [PMID: 35399514 PMCID: PMC8985125 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2022.844297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2021] [Accepted: 02/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Niemann-Pick type A (NPA) disease is a fatal lysosomal neurodegenerative disorder caused by the deficiency in acid sphingomyelinase (ASM) activity. NPA patients present severe and progressive neurodegeneration starting at an early age. Currently, there is no effective treatment for this disease and NPA patients die between 2 and 3 years of age. NPA is characterized by an accumulation of sphingomyelin in lysosomes and dysfunction in the autophagy-lysosomal pathway. Recent studies show that c-Abl tyrosine kinase activity downregulates autophagy and the lysosomal pathway. Interestingly, this kinase is also activated in other lysosomal neurodegenerative disorders. Here, we describe that c-Abl activation contributes to the mechanisms of neuronal damage and death in NPA disease. Our data demonstrate that: 1) c-Abl is activated in-vitro as well as in-vivo NPA models; 2) imatinib, a clinical c-Abl inhibitor, reduces autophagy-lysosomal pathway alterations, restores autophagy flux, and lowers sphingomyelin accumulation in NPA patient fibroblasts and NPA neuronal models and 3) chronic treatment with nilotinib and neurotinib, two c-Abl inhibitors with differences in blood-brain barrier penetrance and target binding mode, show further benefits. While nilotinib treatment reduces neuronal death in the cerebellum and improves locomotor functions, neurotinib decreases glial activation, neuronal disorganization, and loss in hippocampus and cortex, as well as the cognitive decline of NPA mice. Our results support the participation of c-Abl signaling in NPA neurodegeneration and autophagy-lysosomal alterations, supporting the potential use of c-Abl inhibitors for the clinical treatment of NPA patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tamara Marín
- Department of Gastroenterology, Faculty of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Andrés E. Dulcey
- Early Translation Branch, National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences (NCATS), NIH, Rockville, MD, United States
| | - Fabián Campos
- Department of Gastroenterology, Faculty of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Catalina de la Fuente
- Laboratory of Cell Signaling, Center for Aging and Regeneration (CARE), Millennium Institute on Immunology and Immunotherapy (IMII), Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Biological Sciences Faculty, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Mariana Acuña
- Department of Gastroenterology, Faculty of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
- Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Juan Castro
- Department of Gastroenterology, Faculty of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Claudio Pinto
- Laboratory of Cell Signaling, Center for Aging and Regeneration (CARE), Millennium Institute on Immunology and Immunotherapy (IMII), Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Biological Sciences Faculty, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - María José Yañez
- School of Medical Technology, Health Sciences Faculty, Universidad San Sebastián, Santiago, Chile
| | - Cristian Cortez
- Center for Genomics and Bioinformatics, Faculty of Science, Universidad Mayor, Santiago, Chile
| | - David W. McGrath
- Cell Communication and Migration Laboratory, Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology, Center for Experimental Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Pablo J. Sáez
- Cell Communication and Migration Laboratory, Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology, Center for Experimental Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Kirill Gorshkov
- Early Translation Branch, National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences (NCATS), NIH, Rockville, MD, United States
| | - Wei Zheng
- Early Translation Branch, National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences (NCATS), NIH, Rockville, MD, United States
| | - Noel Southall
- Early Translation Branch, National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences (NCATS), NIH, Rockville, MD, United States
| | - Maria Carmo-Fonseca
- Instituto de Medicina Molecular Joȧo Lobo Antunes, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Juan Marugán
- Early Translation Branch, National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences (NCATS), NIH, Rockville, MD, United States
- *Correspondence: Juan Marugán, ; Alejandra R. Alvarez, ; Silvana Zanlungo,
| | - Alejandra R. Alvarez
- Laboratory of Cell Signaling, Center for Aging and Regeneration (CARE), Millennium Institute on Immunology and Immunotherapy (IMII), Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Biological Sciences Faculty, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
- *Correspondence: Juan Marugán, ; Alejandra R. Alvarez, ; Silvana Zanlungo,
| | - Silvana Zanlungo
- Department of Gastroenterology, Faculty of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
- *Correspondence: Juan Marugán, ; Alejandra R. Alvarez, ; Silvana Zanlungo,
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Harcha PA, López-López T, Palacios AG, Sáez PJ. Pannexin Channel Regulation of Cell Migration: Focus on Immune Cells. Front Immunol 2022; 12:750480. [PMID: 34975840 PMCID: PMC8716617 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.750480] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2021] [Accepted: 11/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The role of Pannexin (PANX) channels during collective and single cell migration is increasingly recognized. Amongst many functions that are relevant to cell migration, here we focus on the role of PANX-mediated adenine nucleotide release and associated autocrine and paracrine signaling. We also summarize the contribution of PANXs with the cytoskeleton, which is also key regulator of cell migration. PANXs, as mechanosensitive ATP releasing channels, provide a unique link between cell migration and purinergic communication. The functional association with several purinergic receptors, together with a plethora of signals that modulate their opening, allows PANX channels to integrate physical and chemical cues during inflammation. Ubiquitously expressed in almost all immune cells, PANX1 opening has been reported in different immunological contexts. Immune activation is the epitome coordination between cell communication and migration, as leukocytes (i.e., T cells, dendritic cells) exchange information while migrating towards the injury site. In the current review, we summarized the contribution of PANX channels during immune cell migration and recruitment; although we also compile the available evidence for non-immune cells (including fibroblasts, keratinocytes, astrocytes, and cancer cells). Finally, we discuss the current evidence of PANX1 and PANX3 channels as a both positive and/or negative regulator in different inflammatory conditions, proposing a general mechanism of these channels contribution during cell migration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paloma A Harcha
- Centro Interdisciplinario de Neurociencia de Valparaíso, Instituto de Neurociencia, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Valparaíso, Valparaíso, Chile
| | - Tamara López-López
- Cell Communication and Migration Laboratory, Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology, Center for Experimental Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Adrián G Palacios
- Centro Interdisciplinario de Neurociencia de Valparaíso, Instituto de Neurociencia, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Valparaíso, Valparaíso, Chile
| | - Pablo J Sáez
- Cell Communication and Migration Laboratory, Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology, Center for Experimental Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
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5
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Choi Y, Sunkara V, Lee Y, Cho YK. Exhausted mature dendritic cells exhibit a slower and less persistent random motility but retain chemotaxis against CCL19. LAB ON A CHIP 2022; 22:377-386. [PMID: 34927189 DOI: 10.1039/d1lc00876e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Dendritic cells (DCs), which are immune sentinels in the peripheral tissues, play a number of roles, including patrolling for pathogens, internalising antigens, transporting antigens to the lymph nodes (LNs), interacting with T cells, and secreting cytokines. The well-coordinated migration of DCs under various immunological or inflammatory conditions is therefore essential to ensure an effective immune response. Upon maturation, DCs migrate faster and more persistently than immature DCs (iDCs), which is believed to facilitate CCR7-dependent chemotaxis. It has been reported that lipopolysaccharide-activated DCs produce IL-12 only transiently, and become resistant to further stimulation through exhaustion. However, little is known about the influence of DC exhaustion on cellular motility. Here, we studied the cellular migration of exhausted DCs in tissue-mimicked confined environments. We found that the speed of exhausted matured DCs (xmDCs) decreased significantly compared to active matured DCs (amDCs) and iDCs. In contrast, the speed fluctuation increased compared to that of amDCs and was similar to that of iDCs. In addition, the diffusivity of the xmDCs was significantly lower than that of the amDCs, which implies that DC exhaustion reduces the space exploration ability. Interestingly, CCR7-dependent chemotaxis against CCL19 in xmDCs was not considerably different from that observed in amDCs. Taken together, we report a unique intrinsic cell migration behaviour of xmDCs, which exhibit a slower, less persistent, and less diffusive random motility, which results in the DCs remaining at the site of infection, although a well-preserved CCR7-dependent chemotactic motility is maintained.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongjun Choi
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), Ulsan 44919, Republic of Korea.
- Center for Soft and Living Matter, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Ulsan 44919, Republic of Korea
| | - Vijaya Sunkara
- Center for Soft and Living Matter, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Ulsan 44919, Republic of Korea
| | - Yeojin Lee
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), Ulsan 44919, Republic of Korea.
- Center for Soft and Living Matter, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Ulsan 44919, Republic of Korea
| | - Yoon-Kyoung Cho
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), Ulsan 44919, Republic of Korea.
- Center for Soft and Living Matter, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Ulsan 44919, Republic of Korea
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6
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Shaji N, Nunes F, Ines Rocha M, Gomes EF, Castro H. MigraR: An open-source, R-based application for analysis and quantification of cell migration parameters. COMPUTER METHODS AND PROGRAMS IN BIOMEDICINE 2022; 213:106529. [PMID: 34839272 DOI: 10.1016/j.cmpb.2021.106529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2021] [Revised: 10/20/2021] [Accepted: 11/09/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE Cell migration is essential for many biological phenomena with direct impact on human health and disease. One conventional approach to study cell migration involves the quantitative analysis of individual cell trajectories recorded by time-lapse video microscopy. Dedicated software tools exist to assist the automated or semi-automated tracking of cells and translate these into coordinate positions along time. However, cell biologists usually bump into the difficulty of plotting and computing these data sets into biologically meaningful figures and metrics. METHODS This report describes MigraR, an intuitive graphical user interface executed from the RStudioTM (via the R package Shiny), which greatly simplifies the task of translating coordinate positions of moving cells into measurable parameters of cell migration (velocity, straightness, and direction of movement), as well as of plotting cell trajectories and migration metrics. One innovative function of this interface is that it allows users to refine their data sets by setting limits based on time, velocity and straightness. RESULTS MigraR was tested on different data to assess its applicability. Intended users of MigraR are cell biologists with no prior knowledge of data analysis, seeking to accelerate the quantification and visualization of cell migration data sets delivered in the format of Excel files by available cell-tracking software. CONCLUSIONS Through the graphics it provides, MigraR is an useful tool for the analysis of migration parameters and cellular trajectories. Since its source code is open, it can be subject of refinement by expert users to best suit the needs of other researchers. It is available at GitHub and can be easily reproduced.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nirbhaya Shaji
- FCUP - Faculdade de Ciências da Universidade do Porto, Rua do Campo Alegre s/n, Porto 4169-007, Portugal; INESC-TEC - Instituto de Engenharia de Sistemas e Computadores, Tecnologia e Ciência, Campus da Faculdade de Engenharia da Universidade do Porto, Rua Dr. Roberto Frias, Porto 4200-465, Portugal
| | - Florbela Nunes
- ISEP - Instituto Superior de Engenharia do Porto, Politécnico do Porto, Rua Dr. Antnio Bernardino de Almeida 431, Porto 4249-015, Portugal; i3S - Instituto de Investigação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, Rua Alfredo Allen 208, Porto 4200-135, Portugal
| | - M Ines Rocha
- i3S - Instituto de Investigação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, Rua Alfredo Allen 208, Porto 4200-135, Portugal
| | - Elsa Ferreira Gomes
- ISEP - Instituto Superior de Engenharia do Porto, Politécnico do Porto, Rua Dr. Antnio Bernardino de Almeida 431, Porto 4249-015, Portugal; INESC-TEC - Instituto de Engenharia de Sistemas e Computadores, Tecnologia e Ciência, Campus da Faculdade de Engenharia da Universidade do Porto, Rua Dr. Roberto Frias, Porto 4200-465, Portugal.
| | - Helena Castro
- i3S - Instituto de Investigação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, Rua Alfredo Allen 208, Porto 4200-135, Portugal
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7
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HIF2α is a direct regulator of neutrophil motility. Blood 2021; 137:3416-3427. [PMID: 33619535 DOI: 10.1182/blood.2020007505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2020] [Accepted: 01/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Orchestrated recruitment of neutrophils to inflamed tissue is essential during the initiation of inflammation. Inflamed areas are usually hypoxic, and adaptation to reduced oxygen pressure is typically mediated by hypoxia pathway proteins. However, it remains unclear how these factors influence the migration of neutrophils to and at the site of inflammation during their transmigration through the blood-endothelial cell barrier, as well as their motility in the interstitial space. Here, we reveal that activation of hypoxia-inducible factor 2 (HIF2α) as a result of a deficiency in HIF prolyl hydroxylase domain protein 2 (PHD2) boosts neutrophil migration specifically through highly confined microenvironments. In vivo, the increased migratory capacity of PHD2-deficient neutrophils resulted in massive tissue accumulation in models of acute local inflammation. Using systematic RNA sequencing analyses and mechanistic approaches, we identified RhoA, a cytoskeleton organizer, as the central downstream factor that mediates HIF2α-dependent neutrophil motility. Thus, we propose that the novel PHD2-HIF2α-RhoA axis is vital to the initial stages of inflammation because it promotes neutrophil movement through highly confined tissue landscapes.
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8
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Agliari E, Sáez PJ, Barra A, Piel M, Vargas P, Castellana M. A statistical inference approach to reconstruct intercellular interactions in cell migration experiments. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2020; 6:eaay2103. [PMID: 32195344 PMCID: PMC7065881 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.aay2103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2019] [Accepted: 12/11/2019] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Migration of cells can be characterized by two prototypical types of motion: individual and collective migration. We propose a statistical inference approach designed to detect the presence of cell-cell interactions that give rise to collective behaviors in cell motility experiments. This inference method has been first successfully tested on synthetic motional data and then applied to two experiments. In the first experiment, cells migrate in a wound-healing model: When applied to this experiment, the inference method predicts the existence of cell-cell interactions, correctly mirroring the strong intercellular contacts that are present in the experiment. In the second experiment, dendritic cells migrate in a chemokine gradient. Our inference analysis does not provide evidence for interactions, indicating that cells migrate by sensing independently the chemokine source. According to this prediction, we speculate that mature dendritic cells disregard intercellular signals that could otherwise delay their arrival to lymph vessels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Agliari
- Dipartimento di Matematica, Sapienza Università di Roma, Rome, Italy
| | | | - Adriano Barra
- Dipartimento di Matematica & Fisica ‘Ennio De Giorgi’, Università del Salento, Lecce, Italy
| | | | | | - Michele Castellana
- Laboratoire Physico-Chimie Curie, Institut Curie, PSL Research University, CNRS UMR 168, Paris, France
- Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ. Paris 06, Paris, France
- Corresponding author.
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9
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Barbier L, Sáez PJ, Attia R, Lennon-Duménil AM, Lavi I, Piel M, Vargas P. Myosin II Activity Is Selectively Needed for Migration in Highly Confined Microenvironments in Mature Dendritic Cells. Front Immunol 2019; 10:747. [PMID: 31031752 PMCID: PMC6474329 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2019.00747] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2018] [Accepted: 03/19/2019] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Upon infection, mature dendritic cells (mDCs) migrate from peripheral tissue to lymph nodes (LNs) to activate T lymphocytes and initiate the adaptive immune response. This fast and tightly regulated process is tuned by different microenvironmental factors, such as the physical properties of the tissue. Mechanistically, mDCs migration mostly relies on acto-myosin flow and contractility that depend on non-muscular Myosin IIA (MyoII) activity. However, the specific contribution of this molecular motor for mDCs navigation in complex microenvironments has yet to be fully established. Here, we identified a specific role of MyoII activity in the regulation of mDCs migration in highly confined microenvironments. Using microfluidic systems, we observed that during mDCs chemotaxis in 3D collagen gels under defined CCL21 gradients, MyoII activity was required to sustain their fast speed but not to orientate them toward the chemokine. Indeed, despite the fact that mDCs speed declined, these cells still migrated through the 3D gels, indicating that this molecular motor has a discrete function during their motility in this irregular microenvironment. Consistently, using microchannels of different sizes, we found that MyoII activity was essential to maintain fast cell speed specifically under strong confinement. Analysis of cell motility through micrometric holes further demonstrated that cell contractility facilitated mDCs passage only over very small gaps. Altogether, this work highlights that high contractility acts as an adaptation mechanism exhibited by mDCs to optimize their motility in restricted landscapes. Hence, MyoII activity ultimately facilitates their navigation in highly confined areas of structurally irregular tissues, contributing to the fine-tuning of their homing to LNs to initiate adaptive immune responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucie Barbier
- Institut Curie, PSL Research University, CNRS, UMR 144, Paris, France.,Institut Pierre-Gilles de Gennes, PSL Research University, Paris, France.,Université Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, Orsay, France
| | - Pablo J Sáez
- Institut Curie, PSL Research University, CNRS, UMR 144, Paris, France.,Institut Pierre-Gilles de Gennes, PSL Research University, Paris, France
| | - Rafaele Attia
- Institut Curie, PSL Research University, CNRS, UMR 144, Paris, France.,Institut Pierre-Gilles de Gennes, PSL Research University, Paris, France
| | | | - Ido Lavi
- Institut Curie, PSL Research University, CNRS, UMR 144, Paris, France.,Institut Pierre-Gilles de Gennes, PSL Research University, Paris, France
| | - Matthieu Piel
- Institut Curie, PSL Research University, CNRS, UMR 144, Paris, France.,Institut Pierre-Gilles de Gennes, PSL Research University, Paris, France
| | - Pablo Vargas
- Institut Curie, PSL Research University, CNRS, UMR 144, Paris, France.,Institut Pierre-Gilles de Gennes, PSL Research University, Paris, France
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10
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Garcia-Arcos JM, Chabrier R, Deygas M, Nader G, Barbier L, Sáez PJ, Mathur A, Vargas P, Piel M. Reconstitution of cell migration at a glance. J Cell Sci 2019; 132:132/4/jcs225565. [PMID: 30745333 DOI: 10.1242/jcs.225565] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Single cells migrate in a myriad of physiological contexts, such as tissue patrolling by immune cells, and during neurogenesis and tissue remodeling, as well as in metastasis, the spread of cancer cells. To understand the basic principles of single-cell migration, a reductionist approach can be taken. This aims to control and deconstruct the complexity of different cellular microenvironments into simpler elementary constrains that can be recombined together. This approach is the cell microenvironment equivalent of in vitro reconstituted systems that combine elementary molecular players to understand cellular functions. In this Cell Science at a Glance article and accompanying poster, we present selected experimental setups that mimic different events that cells undergo during migration in vivo These include polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) devices to deform whole cells or organelles, micro patterning, nano-fabricated structures like grooves, and compartmentalized collagen chambers with chemical gradients. We also outline the main contribution of each technique to the understanding of different aspects of single-cell migration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Manuel Garcia-Arcos
- Institut Curie, PSL Research University, CNRS, UMR 144, F-75005 Paris, France.,Institut Pierre-Gilles de Gennes, PSL Research University, F-75005 Paris, France
| | - Renaud Chabrier
- Institut Curie, PSL Research University, CNRS UMR3348, F-91405 Orsay, France
| | - Mathieu Deygas
- Institut Curie, PSL Research University, CNRS, UMR 144, F-75005 Paris, France.,Institut Pierre-Gilles de Gennes, PSL Research University, F-75005 Paris, France
| | - Guilherme Nader
- Institut Curie, PSL Research University, CNRS, UMR 144, F-75005 Paris, France.,Institut Pierre-Gilles de Gennes, PSL Research University, F-75005 Paris, France
| | - Lucie Barbier
- Institut Curie, PSL Research University, CNRS, UMR 144, F-75005 Paris, France.,Institut Pierre-Gilles de Gennes, PSL Research University, F-75005 Paris, France
| | - Pablo José Sáez
- Institut Curie, PSL Research University, CNRS, UMR 144, F-75005 Paris, France.,Institut Pierre-Gilles de Gennes, PSL Research University, F-75005 Paris, France
| | - Aastha Mathur
- Institut Curie, PSL Research University, CNRS, UMR 144, F-75005 Paris, France.,Institut Pierre-Gilles de Gennes, PSL Research University, F-75005 Paris, France
| | - Pablo Vargas
- Institut Curie, PSL Research University, CNRS, UMR 144, F-75005 Paris, France.,Institut Pierre-Gilles de Gennes, PSL Research University, F-75005 Paris, France
| | - Matthieu Piel
- Institut Curie, PSL Research University, CNRS, UMR 144, F-75005 Paris, France .,Institut Pierre-Gilles de Gennes, PSL Research University, F-75005 Paris, France
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11
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Sáez PJ, Sáez JC, Lennon-Duménil AM, Vargas P. Role of calcium permeable channels in dendritic cell migration. Curr Opin Immunol 2018; 52:74-80. [PMID: 29715579 DOI: 10.1016/j.coi.2018.04.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2018] [Revised: 04/03/2018] [Accepted: 04/05/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Calcium ion (Ca2+) is an essential second messenger involved in multiple cellular and subcellular processes. Ca2+ can be released and sensed globally or locally within cells, providing complex signals of variable amplitudes and time-scales. The key function of Ca2+ in the regulation of acto-myosin contractility has provided a simple explanation for its role in the regulation of immune cell migration. However, many questions remain, including the identity of the Ca2+ stores, channels and upstream signals involved in this process. Here, we focus on dendritic cells (DCs), because their immune sentinel function heavily relies on their capacity to migrate within tissues and later on between tissues and lymphoid organs. Deciphering the mechanisms by which cytoplasmic Ca2+ regulate DC migration should shed light on their role in initiating and tuning immune responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pablo J Sáez
- Institut Curie, PSL Research University, CNRS, UMR144, F-75005, France; Instittut Pierre-Gilles de Gennes, PSL Research University, F-75005, France.
| | - Juan C Sáez
- Departamento de Fisiología, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Pontificia Universidad Católica, Santiago 6513677, Chile; Instituto Milenio, Centro Interdisciplinario de Neurociencias de Valparaíso, Valparaíso 2360103, Chile
| | | | - Pablo Vargas
- Institut Curie, PSL Research University, CNRS, UMR144, F-75005, France; Instittut Pierre-Gilles de Gennes, PSL Research University, F-75005, France.
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