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Hu S, Wei P, Li W, Liu Q, Chen S, Hu C, Guo X, Ma X, Zeng J, Zhang Y. Pharmacological effects of berberine on models of ulcerative colitis: A meta-analysis and systematic review of animal studies. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:937029. [PMID: 36147325 PMCID: PMC9486070 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.937029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2022] [Accepted: 08/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Berberine (BBR) is the main active constituent of the Rhizoma coptidis (Huanglian) and has multiple biological activities. Although current evidence suggests that the BBR has a multi-target effect in ulcerative colitis (UC), its action and mechanism are unclear. The purpose of this meta-analysis was to assess the pharmacological effects and potential mechanisms of BBR in UC models. Studies were searched from four databases (PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, and Cochrane Library) until March 2022. Standardized mean difference (SMD) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) were used for the adjudication of outcomes. Stata 15.0 software was used for statistical analysis. Twenty-eight publications and 29 studies involving 508 animals were included in the meta-analysis. The results showed that BBR reduced disease activity index (DAI) scores, alleviated UC-induced colon length (CL) loss, prevented weight loss, and reduced histological colitis score (HCS). Mechanistically, BBR was found to reduce myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity and malondialdehyde (MDA) levels, reduce levels of pro-inflammatory factors interleukin-1β (IL-1β), interleukin 6 (IL-6), tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α), interferon-γ (IFN-γ) and mRNA expression of interleukin 17, increase levels of anti-inflammatory factor interleukin 10 (IL-10), and to increase levels of tight junction protein zonula occludens-1 (ZO-1) and occludin, which may involve antioxidant, anti-apoptotic, neuromodulation, anti-fibrotic, anti-inflammatory, barrier protection, and flora regulation aspects. However, additional attention should be paid to these outcomes due to the heterogeneity and methodological quality of the studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuangyuan Hu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Pengfei Wei
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Wei Li
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Qingsong Liu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Shuanglan Chen
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Caiyu Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiaochuan Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiao Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
- *Correspondence: Xiao Ma, ; Jinhao Zeng, ; Yi Zhang,
| | - Jinhao Zeng
- Department of Geriatrics, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
- TCM Regulating Metabolic Diseases Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
- *Correspondence: Xiao Ma, ; Jinhao Zeng, ; Yi Zhang,
| | - Yi Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
- *Correspondence: Xiao Ma, ; Jinhao Zeng, ; Yi Zhang,
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Zhang Z, Huang B, Zhang XC, Lin J. Cysteine-based crosslinking approach for characterization of oligomeric pore-forming proteins in the mitochondrial membranes. Methods Enzymol 2021; 649:371-396. [PMID: 33712193 DOI: 10.1016/bs.mie.2021.01.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Mitochondria are important not only to healthy but also dying cells. In particular, apoptotic cell death initiates when the mitochondrial outer membrane is permeabilized by Bax, a protein of the Bcl-2 family. Bax shares a structural fold with some α-helical bacterial pore-forming toxins before these proteins actively engage membranes. Despite decades of intensive research, the structures of the pores formed by these proteins are mostly unknown, mainly because the pores are assembled by different numbers of the proteins whose conformation and interaction are highly dynamic. Site-specific crosslinking of the pore-forming proteins in cellular membranes where the pores are assembled is a powerful approach to assess the biological pore structure, dynamics and function. In this chapter, we describe a cysteine-based site-specific crosslinking protocol for the Bax protein in the mitochondrial membrane. We discuss the expected results and the resulting structural-functional models for the pore-forming Bax oligomer, in comparison with other crosslinking approaches that have been used to study other mitochondrial protein complexes. At the end, we highlight the advantages of the crosslinking approaches as well as the limitations and alternative approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi Zhang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, United States
| | - Bo Huang
- Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xuejun C Zhang
- Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Jialing Lin
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, United States; Stephenson Cancer Center, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, United States.
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Chi X, Nguyen D, Pemberton JM, Osterlund EJ, Liu Q, Brahmbhatt H, Zhang Z, Lin J, Leber B, Andrews DW. The carboxyl-terminal sequence of bim enables bax activation and killing of unprimed cells. eLife 2020; 9:44525. [PMID: 31976859 PMCID: PMC6980855 DOI: 10.7554/elife.44525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2018] [Accepted: 01/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The Bcl-2 family BH3 protein Bim promotes apoptosis at mitochondria by activating the pore-forming proteins Bax and Bak and by inhibiting the anti-apoptotic proteins Bcl-XL, Bcl-2 and Mcl-1. Bim binds to these proteins via its BH3 domain and to the mitochondrial membrane by a carboxyl-terminal sequence (CTS). In cells killed by Bim, the expression of a Bim mutant in which the CTS was deleted (BimL-dCTS) triggered apoptosis that correlated with inhibition of anti-apoptotic proteins being sufficient to permeabilize mitochondria isolated from the same cells. Detailed analysis of the molecular mechanism demonstrated that BimL-dCTS inhibited Bcl-XL but did not activate Bax. Examination of additional point mutants unexpectedly revealed that the CTS of Bim directly interacts with Bax, is required for physiological concentrations of Bim to activate Bax and that different residues in the CTS enable Bax activation and binding to membranes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoke Chi
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, McMaster University, Hamilton, Canada.,Biological Sciences, Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto, Canada
| | - Dang Nguyen
- Biological Sciences, Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto, Canada.,Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - James M Pemberton
- Biological Sciences, Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto, Canada.,Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Elizabeth J Osterlund
- Biological Sciences, Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto, Canada.,Department of Biochemistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Qian Liu
- Biological Sciences, Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto, Canada
| | - Hetal Brahmbhatt
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, McMaster University, Hamilton, Canada.,Biological Sciences, Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto, Canada.,Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, Canada
| | - Zhi Zhang
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, United States.,Molecular Biology and Stephenson Cancer Center, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, United States
| | - Jialing Lin
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, United States.,Molecular Biology and Stephenson Cancer Center, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, United States
| | - Brian Leber
- Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, Canada
| | - David W Andrews
- Biological Sciences, Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto, Canada.,Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Department of Biochemistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
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Ma L, Hu S, He X, Yang N, Chen L, Yang C, Ye F, Wei T, Li M. Detection of tBid Oligomerization and Membrane Permeabilization by Graphene-Based Single-Molecule Surface-Induced Fluorescence Attenuation. NANO LETTERS 2019; 19:6937-6944. [PMID: 31558028 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.9b02223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The permeabilization of organelle membranes by BCL-2 family proteins is a pivotal step during the regulation of apoptosis; the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. Based on the fluorescence attenuation by graphene oxide, we developed a single-molecule imaging method termed surface-induced fluorescence attenuation (smSIFA), which enabled us to track both vertical and lateral kinetics of singly labeled BCL-2 family protein tBid during membrane permeabilization. We found that tBid monomers lie shallowly on the lipid bilayer, where they self-assemble to form oligomers. During the initiation phase of self-assembly, the two central hydrophobic helices (α6 and α7) of tBid insert halfway into the phospholipid core, while the other helices remain on the surface. In oligomerized tBid clusters, α6 and α7 prefer to float up, and the other helices may sink to the bottom of the membrane and cause the formation of transient two-dimensional, micelle-like pore structures, which are responsible for the permeabilization of membranes and the induction of apoptosis. Our results shed light on the understanding of tBid-induced apoptosis, and this nanotechnology-based smSIFA approach could be used to dissect the kinetic interaction between membrane protein and lipid bilayer at the single-molecule level with subnanometer precision.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Ma
- National Laboratory of Condensed Matter Physics and Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Physics, Institute of Physics , Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100190 , China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100049 , China
| | - Shuxin Hu
- National Laboratory of Condensed Matter Physics and Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Physics, Institute of Physics , Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100190 , China
| | - Xiaolong He
- National Laboratory of Condensed Matter Physics and Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Physics, Institute of Physics , Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100190 , China
- National Laboratory of Biomacromolecules, Institute of Biophysics , Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100101 , China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100049 , China
| | - Na Yang
- National Laboratory of Biomacromolecules, Institute of Biophysics , Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100101 , China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100049 , China
| | - Licui Chen
- National Laboratory of Condensed Matter Physics and Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Physics, Institute of Physics , Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100190 , China
| | - Chenguang Yang
- National Laboratory of Condensed Matter Physics and Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Physics, Institute of Physics , Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100190 , China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100049 , China
| | - Fangfu Ye
- National Laboratory of Condensed Matter Physics and Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Physics, Institute of Physics , Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100190 , China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100049 , China
| | - Taotao Wei
- National Laboratory of Biomacromolecules, Institute of Biophysics , Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100101 , China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100049 , China
| | - Ming Li
- National Laboratory of Condensed Matter Physics and Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Physics, Institute of Physics , Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100190 , China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100049 , China
- Songshan Lake Materials Laboratory , Dongguan , Guangdong 523808 , China
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Dynamic PGAM5 multimers dephosphorylate BCL-xL or FUNDC1 to regulate mitochondrial and cellular fate. Cell Death Differ 2019; 27:1036-1051. [PMID: 31367011 DOI: 10.1038/s41418-019-0396-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2019] [Revised: 06/26/2019] [Accepted: 07/08/2019] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Mitochondria are highly dynamic organelles and respond to stress by changing their fission-fusion cycle, undergoing mitophagy, or releasing apoptotic proteins to initiate cell death. The molecular mechanisms that sense different stresses and coordinate distinct effectors still await full characterization. Here, we show that PGAM5, which exists in an equilibrium between dimeric and multimeric states, dephosphorylates BCL-xL to inhibit apoptosis or FUNDC1 to activate mitofission and mitophagy in response to distinct stresses. In vinblastine-treated cells, PGAM5 dephosphorylates BCL-xL at Ser62 to restore BCL-xL sequestration of BAX and BAK and thereby resistance to apoptosis. Selenite-induced oxidative stress increases the multimerization of PGAM5, resulting in its dissociation from BCL-xL, which causes increased BCL-xL phosphorylation and apoptosis. Once freed, the more multimeric and active PGAM5 dephosphorylates FUNDC1 to initiate mitofission and mitophagy. The reciprocal interaction of PGAM5 with FUNDC1 and BCL-xL, controlled by PGAM5 multimerization, serves as a molecular switch between mitofission/mitophagy and apoptosis.
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