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Yee-Goh AS, Yamauchi A, van Hout I, Bellae Papannarao J, Sugunesegran R, Parry D, Davis P, Katare R. Cardiac Progenitor Cells and Adipocyte Stem Cells from Same Patients Exhibit In Vitro Functional Differences. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23105588. [PMID: 35628402 PMCID: PMC9141982 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23105588] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2022] [Revised: 05/12/2022] [Accepted: 05/15/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Cardiac progenitor cells (CPCs) and adipocyte stem cells (ASCs) are widely tested for their efficacy in repairing the diseased heart with varying results. However, no study has directly compared the functional efficacy of CPCs and ASCs collected from the same patient. CPCs and ASCs were isolated from the right atrial appendage and epicardial adipose tissue of the same patients, using explant culture. The flow cytometry analysis confirmed that both the cell types express common mesenchymal stem cells markers CD90 and CD105. ASCs, in addition, expressed CD29 and CD73. The wound-healing assay demonstrated that CPCs migrate faster to cover the wound area. Both cell types were resistant to hypoxia-induced cell death when exposed to hypoxia and serum deprivation; however, the ASCs showed increased proliferation. Conditioned medium (CM) collected after culturing serum-deprived CPCs and ASCs showed differential secretion patterns, with ASC CM showing an increased IGF-1 level, while CPC CM showed an increased FGF level. Only CPC CM reduced hypoxia-induced apoptosis in AC-16 human ventricular cardiomyocytes, while vascular network formation by endothelial cells was comparable between CPC and ASC CM. In conclusion, ASCs and CPCs exhibit differential characteristics within the same patient, and in vitro studies showed that CPCs have marginally superior functional efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anthony Soonseng Yee-Goh
- Department of Physiology, HeartOtago, Dunedin School of Medicine, University of Otago, Dunedin 9010, New Zealand; (A.S.Y.-G.); (A.Y.); (I.v.H.); (J.B.P.)
| | - Atsushi Yamauchi
- Department of Physiology, HeartOtago, Dunedin School of Medicine, University of Otago, Dunedin 9010, New Zealand; (A.S.Y.-G.); (A.Y.); (I.v.H.); (J.B.P.)
| | - Isabelle van Hout
- Department of Physiology, HeartOtago, Dunedin School of Medicine, University of Otago, Dunedin 9010, New Zealand; (A.S.Y.-G.); (A.Y.); (I.v.H.); (J.B.P.)
| | - Jayanthi Bellae Papannarao
- Department of Physiology, HeartOtago, Dunedin School of Medicine, University of Otago, Dunedin 9010, New Zealand; (A.S.Y.-G.); (A.Y.); (I.v.H.); (J.B.P.)
| | - Ramanen Sugunesegran
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Dunedin School of Medicine, University of Otago, Dunedin 9010, New Zealand; (R.S.); (D.P.); (P.D.)
| | - Dominic Parry
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Dunedin School of Medicine, University of Otago, Dunedin 9010, New Zealand; (R.S.); (D.P.); (P.D.)
| | - Philip Davis
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Dunedin School of Medicine, University of Otago, Dunedin 9010, New Zealand; (R.S.); (D.P.); (P.D.)
| | - Rajesh Katare
- Department of Physiology, HeartOtago, Dunedin School of Medicine, University of Otago, Dunedin 9010, New Zealand; (A.S.Y.-G.); (A.Y.); (I.v.H.); (J.B.P.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +64-3-4797292
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Coffey S, Dixit P, Saw EL, Babakr AA, van Hout I, Galvin IF, Saxena P, Bunton RW, Davis PJ, Lamberts RR, Katare R, Williams MJA. Thiamine increases resident endoglin positive cardiac progenitor cells and atrial contractile force in humans: A randomised controlled trial. Int J Cardiol 2021; 341:70-73. [PMID: 34461161 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijcard.2021.08.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2021] [Revised: 08/13/2021] [Accepted: 08/24/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The heart has an intrinsic ability to regenerate, orchestrated by progenitor or stem cells. However, the relative complexity of non-resident cardiac progenitor cell (CPC) therapy makes modulation of resident CPCs a more attractive treatment target. Thiamine analogues improve resident CPC function in pre-clinical models. In this double blinded randomised controlled trial (identifier: ACTRN12614000755639), we examined whether thiamine would improve CPC function in humans. METHODS AND RESULTS High dose oral thiamine (one gram twice daily) or matching placebo was administered 3-5 days prior to coronary artery bypass surgery (CABG). Right atrial appendages were collected at the time of CABG, and CPCs isolated. There was no difference in the primary outcome (proliferation ability of CPCs) between treatment groups. Older age was not associated with decreased proliferation ability. In exploratory analyses, isolated CPCs in the thiamine group showed an increase in the proportion of CD34-/CD105+ (endoglin) cells, but no difference in CD34-/CD90+ or CD34+ cells. Thiamine increased maximum force developed by isolated trabeculae, with no difference in relaxation time or beta-adrenergic responsiveness. CONCLUSION Thiamine does not improve proliferation ability of CPC in patients undergoing CABG, but increases the proportion of CD34-/CD105+ cells. Having not met its primary endpoint, this study provides the impetus to re-examine CPC biology prior to any clinical outcome-based trial examining potential beneficial cardiovascular effects of thiamine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sean Coffey
- Department of Medicine - HeartOtago, Dunedin School of Medicine, University of Otago, New Zealand; Department of Cardiology, Southern District Health Board, New Zealand.
| | - Parul Dixit
- Department of Physiology - HeartOtago, School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Otago, New Zealand
| | - Eng Leng Saw
- Department of Physiology - HeartOtago, School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Otago, New Zealand
| | - Aram A Babakr
- Department of Physiology - HeartOtago, School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Otago, New Zealand
| | - Isabelle van Hout
- Department of Physiology - HeartOtago, School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Otago, New Zealand
| | - Ivor F Galvin
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Southern District Health Board, New Zealand
| | - Pankaj Saxena
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Southern District Health Board, New Zealand
| | - Richard W Bunton
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Southern District Health Board, New Zealand
| | - Philip J Davis
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Southern District Health Board, New Zealand
| | - Regis R Lamberts
- Department of Physiology - HeartOtago, School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Otago, New Zealand
| | - Rajesh Katare
- Department of Physiology - HeartOtago, School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Otago, New Zealand
| | - Michael J A Williams
- Department of Medicine - HeartOtago, Dunedin School of Medicine, University of Otago, New Zealand; Department of Cardiology, Southern District Health Board, New Zealand
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Purvis N, Kumari S, Chandrasekera D, Bellae Papannarao J, Gandhi S, van Hout I, Coffey S, Bunton R, Sugunesegran R, Parry D, Davis P, Williams MJA, Bahn A, Katare R. Diabetes induces dysregulation of microRNAs associated with survival, proliferation and self-renewal in cardiac progenitor cells. Diabetologia 2021; 64:1422-1435. [PMID: 33655378 DOI: 10.1007/s00125-021-05405-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2020] [Accepted: 12/15/2020] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
AIMS/HYPOTHESIS Diabetes mellitus causes a progressive loss of functional efficacy in stem cells, including cardiac progenitor cells (CPCs). The underlying molecular mechanism is still not known. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small, non-coding RNA molecules that regulate genes at the post-transcriptional level. We aimed to determine if diabetes mellitus induces dysregulation of miRNAs in CPCs and to test if in vitro therapeutic modulation of miRNAs would improve the functions of diabetic CPCs. METHODS CPCs were isolated from a mouse model of type 2 diabetes (db/db), non-diabetic mice and human right atrial appendage heart tissue. Total RNA isolated from mouse CPCs was miRNA profiled using Nanostring analysis. Bioinformatic analysis was employed to predict the functional effects of altered miRNAs. MS analysis was applied to determine the targets, which were confirmed by western blot analysis. Finally, to assess the beneficial effects of therapeutic modulation of miRNAs in vitro and in vivo, prosurvival miR-30c-5p was overexpressed in mouse and human diabetic CPCs, and the functional consequences were determined by measuring the level of apoptotic cell death, cardiac function and mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP). RESULTS Among 599 miRNAs analysed in mouse CPCs via Nanostring analysis, 16 miRNAs showed significant dysregulation in the diabetic CPCs. Using bioinformatics tools and quantitative real-time PCR (qPCR) validation, four altered miRNAs (miR-30c-5p, miR-329-3p, miR-376c-3p and miR-495-3p) were identified to play an important role in cell proliferation and survival. Diabetes mellitus significantly downregulated miR-30c-5p, while it upregulated miR-329-3p, miR-376c-3p and miR-495-3p. MS analysis revealed proapoptotic voltage-dependent anion-selective channel 1 (VDAC1) as a direct target for miR-30c-5p, and cell cycle regulator, cyclin-dependent protein kinase 6 (CDK6), as the direct target for miR-329-3p, miR-376c-3p and miR-495-3p. Western blot analyses showed a marked increase in VDAC1 expression, while CDK6 expression was downregulated in diabetic CPCs. Finally, in vitro and in vivo overexpression of miR-30c-5p markedly reduced the apoptotic cell death and preserved MMP in diabetic CPCs via inhibition of VDAC1. CONCLUSIONS/INTERPRETATION Our results demonstrate that diabetes mellitus induces a marked dysregulation of miRNAs associated with stem cell survival, proliferation and differentiation, and that therapeutic overexpression of prosurvival miR-30c-5p reduced diabetes-induced cell death and loss of MMP in CPCs via the newly identified target for miR-30c-5p, VDAC1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nima Purvis
- Department of Physiology-HeartOtago, School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - Sweta Kumari
- Department of Physiology-HeartOtago, School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - Dhananjie Chandrasekera
- Department of Physiology-HeartOtago, School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - Jayanthi Bellae Papannarao
- Department of Physiology-HeartOtago, School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - Sophie Gandhi
- Department of Physiology-HeartOtago, School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - Isabelle van Hout
- Department of Physiology-HeartOtago, School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - Sean Coffey
- Department of Medicine, Dunedin School of Medicine, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - Richard Bunton
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Dunedin School of Medicine, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - Ramanen Sugunesegran
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Dunedin School of Medicine, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - Dominic Parry
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Dunedin School of Medicine, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - Philip Davis
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Dunedin School of Medicine, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - Michael J A Williams
- Department of Medicine, Dunedin School of Medicine, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - Andrew Bahn
- Department of Physiology-HeartOtago, School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand.
| | - Rajesh Katare
- Department of Physiology-HeartOtago, School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand.
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McQuaig R, Dixit P, Yamauchi A, Van Hout I, Papannarao JB, Bunton R, Parry D, Davis P, Katare R. Combination of Cardiac Progenitor Cells From the Right Atrium and Left Ventricle Exhibits Synergistic Paracrine Effects In Vitro. Cell Transplant 2020; 29:963689720972328. [PMID: 33153286 PMCID: PMC7784587 DOI: 10.1177/0963689720972328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases, such as ischemic heart disease, remain the most common cause of death worldwide. Regenerative medicine with stem cell therapy is a promising tool for cardiac repair. Combination of different cell types has been shown to improve the therapeutic potential, which is thought to be due to synergistic or complimentary reparative effects. We investigated if the combination of cardiac progenitor cells (CPCs) of right atrial appendage (RAA) and left ventricle (LV) that are isolated from the same patient exert synergistic or complimentary paracrine effects for apoptotic cell death and angiogenesis in an in vitro model. Flow cytometry analysis showed that both RAA and LV CPCs expressed the mesenchymal cell markers CD90 and CD105, and were predominantly negative for the hematopoietic cell marker, CD34. Analysis of conditioned media (CM) collected from the CPCs cultured either alone or in combination in serum-deprived hypoxic conditions to simulate ischemia showed marked increase in the level of pro-survival hepatocyte growth factor and pro-angiogenic vascular endothelial growth factor-A in the combined RAA and LV CPC group. Next, to determine the therapeutic potential of CM, AC16 human ventricular cardiomyocytes and human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) were treated with CM. Results showed a significant reduction in hypoxia-induced apoptosis of human cardiomyocytes treated with CM collected from combined RAA and LV CPC group. Similarly, matrigel assay showed a significantly increased tube length formed by HUVECs when treated with CM from combined RAA and LV CPC group. Our study provided evidence that the combination of RAA CPCs and LV CPCs may have superior therapeutic effects due to synergistic paracrine effects for cardiac repair. Therefore, in vivo studies are warranted to determine if a combination of different stem cell types have greater therapeutic potential than single-cell therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryan McQuaig
- Department of Physiology-HeartOtago, School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - Parul Dixit
- Department of Physiology-HeartOtago, School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - Atsushi Yamauchi
- Department of Physiology-HeartOtago, School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - Isabelle Van Hout
- Department of Physiology-HeartOtago, School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - Jayanthi Bellae Papannarao
- Department of Physiology-HeartOtago, School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - Richard Bunton
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery and Medicine, Dunedin School of Medicine, University of Otago, New Zealand
| | - Dominic Parry
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery and Medicine, Dunedin School of Medicine, University of Otago, New Zealand
| | - Philip Davis
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery and Medicine, Dunedin School of Medicine, University of Otago, New Zealand
| | - Rajesh Katare
- Department of Physiology-HeartOtago, School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
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