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Wu L, Yang L, Qian X, Hu W, Wang S, Yan J. Mannan-Decorated Lipid Calcium Phosphate Nanoparticle Vaccine Increased the Antitumor Immune Response by Modulating the Tumor Microenvironment. J Funct Biomater 2024; 15:229. [PMID: 39194667 DOI: 10.3390/jfb15080229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2024] [Revised: 08/13/2024] [Accepted: 08/14/2024] [Indexed: 08/29/2024] Open
Abstract
With the rapid development of tumor immunotherapy, nanoparticle vaccines have attracted much attention as potential therapeutic strategies. A systematic review and analysis must be carried out to investigate the effect of mannose modification on the immune response to nanoparticles in regulating the tumor microenvironment, as well as to explore its potential clinical application in tumor therapy. Despite the potential advantages of nanoparticle vaccines in immunotherapy, achieving an effective immune response in the tumor microenvironment remains a challenge. Tumor immune escape and the overexpression of immunosuppressive factors limit its clinical application. Therefore, our review explored how to intervene in the immunosuppressive mechanism in the tumor microenvironment through the use of mannan-decorated lipid calcium phosphate nanoparticle vaccines to improve the efficacy of immunotherapy in patients with tumors and to provide new ideas and strategies for the field of tumor therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liusheng Wu
- Center of Hepatobiliary Pancreatic Disease, Beijing Tsinghua Changgung Hospital, School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
- Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 19077, Singapore
| | - Lei Yang
- Center of Hepatobiliary Pancreatic Disease, Beijing Tsinghua Changgung Hospital, School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Xinye Qian
- Center of Hepatobiliary Pancreatic Disease, Beijing Tsinghua Changgung Hospital, School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Wang Hu
- Center of Hepatobiliary Pancreatic Disease, Beijing Tsinghua Changgung Hospital, School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Shuang Wang
- Center of Hepatobiliary Pancreatic Disease, Beijing Tsinghua Changgung Hospital, School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Jun Yan
- Center of Hepatobiliary Pancreatic Disease, Beijing Tsinghua Changgung Hospital, School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
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Veinalde R, Pidelaserra-Martí G, Moulin C, Tan CL, Schäfer TE, Kang N, Ball CR, Leichsenring J, Stenzinger A, Kaderali L, Jäger D, Ungerechts G, Engeland CE. Virotherapy combined with anti-PD-1 transiently reshapes the tumor immune environment and induces anti-tumor immunity in a preclinical PDAC model. Front Immunol 2023; 13:1096162. [PMID: 36726983 PMCID: PMC9886093 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.1096162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2022] [Accepted: 12/12/2022] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is largely refractory to cancer immunotherapy with PD-1 immune checkpoint blockade (ICB). Oncolytic virotherapy has been shown to synergize with ICB. In this work, we investigated the combination of anti-PD-1 and oncolytic measles vaccine in an immunocompetent transplantable PDAC mouse model. Methods We characterized tumor-infiltrating T cells by immunohistochemistry, flow cytometry and T cell receptor sequencing. Further, we performed gene expression profiling of tumor samples at baseline, after treatment, and when tumors progressed. Moreover, we analyzed systemic anti-tumor and anti-viral immunity. Results Combination treatment significantly prolonged survival compared to monotherapies. Tumor-infiltrating immune cells were increased after virotherapy. Gene expression profiling revealed a unique, but transient signature of immune activation after combination treatment. However, systemic anti-tumor immunity was induced by virotherapy and remained detectable even when tumors progressed. Anti-PD-1 treatment did not impact anti-viral immunity. Discussion Our results indicate that combined virotherapy and ICB induces anti-tumor immunity and reshapes the tumor immune environment. However, further refinement of this approach may be required to develop its full potential and achieve durable efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rūta Veinalde
- Clinical Cooperation Unit Virotherapy, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Gemma Pidelaserra-Martí
- Clinical Cooperation Unit Virotherapy, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany,Faculty of Health, School of Medicine, Center for Biomedical Research and Education (ZBAF), Institute of Virology and Microbiology, Witten/Herdecke University, Witten, Germany,Faculty of Biosciences, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Coline Moulin
- Faculty of Health, School of Medicine, Center for Biomedical Research and Education (ZBAF), Institute of Virology and Microbiology, Witten/Herdecke University, Witten, Germany,Ecole Normale Supérieure de Lyon, Lyon, France
| | - Chin Leng Tan
- Faculty of Biosciences, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany,Clinical Cooperation Unit Neuroimmunology and Brain Tumor Immunology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Theresa E. Schäfer
- Clinical Cooperation Unit Virotherapy, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Na Kang
- Department of Translational Medical Oncology, National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT) and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Claudia R. Ball
- Department of Translational Medical Oncology, National Center for Tumor Diseases Dresden (NCT) Heidelberg and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany,Center for Personalized Oncology, National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT) Dresden and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Faculty of Medicine and Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Jonas Leichsenring
- Institute of Pathology, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany,Institut für Pathologie, Zytologie und molekulare Diagnostik, Regiomed Klinikum Coburg, Coburg, Germany
| | | | - Lars Kaderali
- Institute for Bioinformatics, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Dirk Jäger
- Clinical Cooperation Unit Applied Tumor Immunity, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany,Department of Medical Oncology, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany and National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT) Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Guy Ungerechts
- Clinical Cooperation Unit Virotherapy, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany,Department of Medical Oncology, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany and National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT) Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Christine E. Engeland
- Clinical Cooperation Unit Virotherapy, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany,Faculty of Health, School of Medicine, Center for Biomedical Research and Education (ZBAF), Institute of Virology and Microbiology, Witten/Herdecke University, Witten, Germany,Department of Medical Oncology, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany and National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT) Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany,*Correspondence: Christine E. Engeland, ;
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Oncolytic measles vaccines encoding PD-1 and PD-L1 checkpoint blocking antibodies to increase tumor-specific T cell memory. Mol Ther Oncolytics 2022; 24:43-58. [PMID: 34977341 PMCID: PMC8693420 DOI: 10.1016/j.omto.2021.11.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2021] [Accepted: 11/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
PD-1/PD-L1 checkpoint blockade has achieved unprecedented success in cancer immunotherapy. Nevertheless, many immune-excluded tumors are resistant to therapy. Combination with oncolytic virotherapy may overcome resistance by inducing acute inflammation, immune cell recruitment, and remodeling of the tumor immune environment. Here, we assessed the combination of oncolytic measles vaccine (MV) vectors and PD-1/PD-L1 blockade. In the MC38cea model of measles virus oncolysis, MV combined with anti-PD-1 and MV vectors encoding anti-PD-1 or anti-PD-L1 antibodies achieved modest survival benefits compared with control MV or vectors encoding the antibody constant regions only. Analyses of tumor samples and tumor-draining lymph nodes revealed slight increases in intratumoral T cell effector cytokines as well as a shift toward an effector memory phenotype in the T cell compartment. Importantly, increased IFN-γ recall responses were observed in tumor rechallenge experiments with mice in complete tumor remission after treatment with MV encoding anti-PD-1 or anti-PD-L1 compared with control MV. These results prompted us to generate MV encoding the clinically approved agents pembrolizumab and nivolumab. Previously, we have generated MV encoding atezolizumab. We demonstrated the functionality of the novel vectors in vitro. We envision these vectors as therapeutics that induce and support durable anti-tumor immune memory.
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