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Proteomic characterization of pilot scale hot-water extracts from the industrial carrageenan red seaweed Eucheuma denticulatum. ALGAL RES 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.algal.2021.102619] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
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Lastovickova M, Strouhalova D, Bobalova J. Use of Lectin-based Affinity Techniques in Breast Cancer Glycoproteomics: A Review. J Proteome Res 2020; 19:1885-1899. [PMID: 32181666 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jproteome.9b00818] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Changes in glycoprotein content, altered glycosylations, and aberrant glycan structures are increasingly recognized as cancer hallmarks. Because breast cancer is one of the most common causes of cancer deaths in the world, it is highly urgent to find other reliable biomarkers for its initial diagnosis and to learn as much as possible about this disease. In this Review, the applications of lectins to a screening of potential breast cancer biomarkers published during recent years are overviewed. These data provide a deeper insight into the use of modern strategies, technologies, and scientific knowledge in glycoproteomic breast cancer research. Particular attention is concentrated on the use of lectin-based affinity techniques, applied independently or most frequently in combination with mass spectrometry, as an effective tool for the targeting, separation, and reliable identification of glycoprotein molecules. Individual procedures and lectins used in published glycoproteomic studies of breast-cancer-related glycoproteins are discussed. The summarized approaches have the potential for use in diagnostic and predictive applications. Finally, the use of lectins is briefly discussed from the view of their future applications in the analysis of glycoproteins in cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marketa Lastovickova
- Institute of Analytical Chemistry of the CAS, Veveří 97, 602 00 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Dana Strouhalova
- Institute of Analytical Chemistry of the CAS, Veveří 97, 602 00 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Janette Bobalova
- Institute of Analytical Chemistry of the CAS, Veveří 97, 602 00 Brno, Czech Republic
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Bernards MA, Schorno S, McKenzie E, Winegard TM, Oke I, Plachetzki D, Fudge DS. Unraveling inter-species differences in hagfish slime skein deployment. J Exp Biol 2018; 221:221/24/jeb176925. [DOI: 10.1242/jeb.176925] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2018] [Accepted: 10/08/2018] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
ABSTRACT
Hagfishes defend themselves from fish predators by producing defensive slime consisting of mucous and thread components that interact synergistically with seawater to pose a suffocation risk to their attackers. Deployment of the slime occurs in a fraction of a second and involves hydration of mucous vesicles as well as unraveling of the coiled threads to their full length of ∼150 mm. Previous work showed that unraveling of coiled threads (or ‘skeins’) in Atlantic hagfish requires vigorous mixing with seawater as well as the presence of mucus, whereas skeins from Pacific hagfish tend to unravel spontaneously in seawater. Here, we explored the mechanisms that underlie these different unraveling modes, and focused on the molecules that make up the skein glue, a material that must be disrupted for unraveling to proceed. We found that Atlantic hagfish skeins are also held together with a protein glue, but compared with Pacific hagfish glue, it is less soluble in seawater. Using SDS-PAGE, we identified several soluble proteins and glycoproteins that are liberated from skeins under conditions that drive unraveling in vitro. Peptides generated by mass spectrometry of five of these proteins and glycoproteins mapped strongly to 14 sequences assembled from Pacific hagfish slime gland transcriptomes, with all but one of these sequences possessing homologs in the Atlantic hagfish. Two of these sequences encode unusual acidic proteins that we propose are the structural glycoproteins that make up the skein glue. These sequences have no known homologs in other species and are likely to be unique to hagfishes. Although the ecological significance of the two modes of skein unraveling described here are unknown, they may reflect differences in predation pressure, with selection for faster skein unraveling in the Eptatretus lineage leading to the evolution of a glue that is more soluble.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark A. Bernards
- Department of Integrative Biology, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, Canada, N1G 2W1
| | - Sarah Schorno
- Department of Integrative Biology, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, Canada, N1G 2W1
| | - Evan McKenzie
- Department of Integrative Biology, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, Canada, N1G 2W1
| | - Timothy M. Winegard
- Department of Integrative Biology, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, Canada, N1G 2W1
| | - Isdin Oke
- Department of Integrative Biology, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, Canada, N1G 2W1
| | - David Plachetzki
- Department of Molecular, Cellular, & Biomedical Sciences, University of New Hampshire, Durham, NH 03824, USA
| | - Douglas S. Fudge
- Department of Integrative Biology, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, Canada, N1G 2W1
- Schmid College of Science and Technology, Chapman University, Orange, CA 92866, USA
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Lincoln L, More SS. Purification and biochemical characterization of an extracellular β-d-fructofuranosidase from Aspergillus sp. 3 Biotech 2018; 8:86. [PMID: 29430348 PMCID: PMC5794676 DOI: 10.1007/s13205-018-1109-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2017] [Accepted: 01/09/2018] [Indexed: 10/18/2022] Open
Abstract
This study focused on the purification and characterization of an extracellular β-d-fructofuranosidase or invertase from Aspergillus sojae JU12. The protein was purified by size exclusion chromatography with 5.41 fold and 10.87% recovery. The apparent molecular mass of the enzyme was estimated to be ~ 35 kDa using SDS-PAGE and confirmed by deconvoluted mass spectrometry. The fungal β-d-fructofuranosidase was suggested to be a monomer by native PAGE and zymography, and was found to be a glycoprotein possessing 68.92% carbohydrate content. The products of enzyme hydrolysis were detected by thin layer chromatography and revealed the monosaccharide units, d-glucose and d-fructose. β-d-fructofuranosidase showed enhanced activity at broad pH 4.0-9.0 and activity at a temperature range from 30 to 70 °C, while the enzyme was stable at pH 8.0 and 40 °C, respectively. The β-d-fructofuranosidase activity was lowered by metal ion inhibitors Ag2+ and Hg2+ whereas elevated by SDS and β-ME. The fungal β-d-fructofuranosidase was capable of hydrolyzing d-sucrose and the kinetics were determined by Lineweaver-Burk plot with Km of 10.17 mM and Vmax of 0.7801 µmol min-1. Additionally, the extracellular β-d-fructofuranosidase demonstrated tolerance to high ethanol concentrations indicating its applicability in the production of alcoholic fermentation processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lynette Lincoln
- Department of Biochemistry, Centre for Post Graduate Studies, Jain University, Bengaluru, Karnataka India
| | - Sunil S. More
- School of Basic and Applied Sciences, Dayananda Sagar University, Bengaluru, Karnataka 560 078 India
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Bourven I, Bachellerie G, Costa G, Guibaud G. Evidence of glycoproteins and sulphated proteoglycan-like presence in extracellular polymeric substance from anaerobic granular sludge. ENVIRONMENTAL TECHNOLOGY 2015; 36:2428-2435. [PMID: 25812669 DOI: 10.1080/09593330.2015.1034186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
The protein fraction of extracellular polymeric substance (EPS) from two anaerobic granular sludge samples was characterized with sodium dodecyl sulphate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) and a far western blotting method. SDS-PAGE was used with various staining applications to obtain a protein (silver), glycoprotein [periodic acid-Shiff's (PAS)] or proteoglycan-like (Alcian blue at pH 2.5 (carboxylic group) or 1 (sulphated group)) fingerprint. The fingerprints of the EPS denatured protein from the two sludge samples differed. Some proteins are specific to Soluble (S) or Bound (B)-EPS (20-100 kDa). Denatured proteins with a polysaccharide moieties characterization are more present in B-EPS. Glycoproteins with α-d-mannosyl and/or α-d-glucosyl (90, 50, 40 kDa) were detected. Proteoglycan-like and sulphated proteoglycan-like substances are also detected, mainly in B-EPS. A 68 kDa sulphated proteoglycan-like substance contains two glucidic residue types: α-d-mannosyl and/or α-d-glucosyl and N-acetyl-β-d-glucosamine. Such heteroproteins are present around the membrane as well as the surface-layer from Archaea and from some bacteria. The glycoprotein and sulphated proteoglycan-like substance are assumed to contribute to anaerobic granule strength, thanks to their ability to perform interactions of various nature (ionic, hydrophobic, Ca(2+) as divalent cation bridging, etc.).
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Affiliation(s)
- Isabelle Bourven
- a Faculté des Sciences et Techniques , Université de Limoges, Groupement de Recherche Eau Sol Environnement (EA 4330) , 123 Av. Albert Thomas, 87060 Limoges , France
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Middleton AJ, Vanderbeld B, Bredow M, Tomalty H, Davies PL, Walker VK. Isolation and characterization of ice-binding proteins from higher plants. Methods Mol Biol 2015; 1166:255-77. [PMID: 24852641 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4939-0844-8_19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/11/2023]
Abstract
The characterization of ice-binding proteins from plants can involve many techniques, only a few of which are presented here. Chief among these methods are tests for ice recrystallization inhibition activity. Two distinct procedures are described; neither is normally used for precise quantitative assays. Thermal hysteresis assays are used for quantitative studies but are also useful for ice crystal morphologies, which are important for the understanding of ice-plane binding. Once the sequence of interest is cloned, recombinant expression, necessary to verify ice-binding protein identity can present challenges, and a strategy for recovery of soluble, active protein is described. Lastly, verification of function in planta borrows from standard protocols, but with an additional screen applicable to ice-binding proteins. Here we have attempted to assist researchers wishing to isolate and characterize ice-binding proteins from plants with a few methods critical to success.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adam J Middleton
- Department of Biomedical and Molecular Sciences, Queen's University, Kingston, ON, Canada, K7L 3N6
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