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Nicoud L, Jagielski J, Pfister D, Lazzari S, Massant J, Lattuada M, Morbidelli M. Kinetics of Monoclonal Antibody Aggregation from Dilute toward Concentrated Conditions. J Phys Chem B 2016; 120:3267-80. [PMID: 27007829 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.5b11791] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Gaining understanding on the aggregation behavior of proteins under concentrated conditions is of both fundamental and industrial relevance. Here, we study the aggregation kinetics of a model monoclonal antibody (mAb) under thermal stress over a wide range of protein concentrations in various buffer solutions. We follow experimentally the monomer depletion and the aggregate growth by size exclusion chromatography with inline light scattering. We describe the experimental results in the frame of a kinetic model based on population balance equations, which allows one to discriminate the contributions of the conformational and of the colloidal stabilities to the global aggregation rate. Finally, we propose an expression for the aggregation rate constant, which accounts for solution viscosity, protein-protein interactions, as well as aggregate compactness. All these effects can be quantified by light scattering techniques. It is found that the model describes well the experimental data under dilute conditions. Under concentrated conditions, good model predictions are obtained when the solution pH is far below the isoelectric point (pI) of the mAb. However, peculiar effects arise when the solution pH is increased toward the mAb pI, and possible explanations are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucrèce Nicoud
- Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, ETH Zurich , CH-8093 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Jakub Jagielski
- Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, ETH Zurich , CH-8093 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - David Pfister
- Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, ETH Zurich , CH-8093 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Stefano Lazzari
- Department of Chemical Engineering, MIT , Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Jan Massant
- UCB Pharma, Braine l'Alleud, 1070 Anderlecht, Belgium
| | - Marco Lattuada
- Adolphe Merkle Institute, University of Fribourg , 1700 Fribourg, Switzerland
| | - Massimo Morbidelli
- Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, ETH Zurich , CH-8093 Zurich, Switzerland
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2
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Lang S, Cressatti M, Mendoza KE, Coumoundouros CN, Plater SM, Culham DE, Kimber MS, Wood JM. YehZYXW of Escherichia coli Is a Low-Affinity, Non-Osmoregulatory Betaine-Specific ABC Transporter. Biochemistry 2015; 54:5735-47. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.biochem.5b00274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Shenhui Lang
- Department
of Molecular and
Cellular Biology, University of Guelph, 488 Gordon Street, Guelph, ON N1G
2W1, Canada
| | - Marisa Cressatti
- Department
of Molecular and
Cellular Biology, University of Guelph, 488 Gordon Street, Guelph, ON N1G
2W1, Canada
| | - Kris E. Mendoza
- Department
of Molecular and
Cellular Biology, University of Guelph, 488 Gordon Street, Guelph, ON N1G
2W1, Canada
| | - Chelsea N. Coumoundouros
- Department
of Molecular and
Cellular Biology, University of Guelph, 488 Gordon Street, Guelph, ON N1G
2W1, Canada
| | - Samantha M. Plater
- Department
of Molecular and
Cellular Biology, University of Guelph, 488 Gordon Street, Guelph, ON N1G
2W1, Canada
| | - Doreen E. Culham
- Department
of Molecular and
Cellular Biology, University of Guelph, 488 Gordon Street, Guelph, ON N1G
2W1, Canada
| | - Matthew S. Kimber
- Department
of Molecular and
Cellular Biology, University of Guelph, 488 Gordon Street, Guelph, ON N1G
2W1, Canada
| | - Janet M. Wood
- Department
of Molecular and
Cellular Biology, University of Guelph, 488 Gordon Street, Guelph, ON N1G
2W1, Canada
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3
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Breydo L, Sales AE, Ferreira L, Fedotoff O, Shevelyova MP, Permyakov SE, Kroeck KG, Permyakov EA, Zaslavsky BY, Uversky VN. Effects of osmolytes on protein-solvent interactions in crowded environment: Analyzing the effect of TMAO on proteins in crowded solutions. Arch Biochem Biophys 2015; 570:66-74. [PMID: 25712220 DOI: 10.1016/j.abb.2015.02.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2014] [Revised: 02/10/2015] [Accepted: 02/13/2015] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
We analyzed the effect of a natural osmolyte, trimethylamine N-oxide (TMAO), on structural properties and conformational stabilities of several proteins under macromolecular crowding conditions by a set of biophysical techniques. We also used the solvent interaction analysis method to look at the peculiarities of the TMAO-protein interactions under crowded conditions. To this end, we analyzed the partitioning of these proteins in TMAO-free and TMAO-containing aqueous two-phase systems (ATPSs). These ATPSs had the same polymer composition of 6.0 wt.% PEG-8000 and 12.0 wt.% dextran-75, and same ionic composition of 0.01 M K/NaPB, pH 7.4. These analyses revealed that there is no direct interaction of TMAO with proteins, suggesting that the TMAO effects on the protein structure in crowded solutions occur via the effects of this osmolyte on solvent properties of aqueous media. The effects of TMAO on protein structure in the presence of polymers were rather complex and protein-specific. Curiously, our study revealed that in highly concentrated polymer solutions, TMAO does not always act to promote further protein folding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leonid Breydo
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL 33612, USA; Byrd Alzheimer's Research Institute, Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL 33612, USA
| | - Amanda E Sales
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL 33612, USA; Department of Morphology and Animal Physiology, Federal Rural University of Pernambuco, 52171-900 Recife, PE, Brazil
| | - Luisa Ferreira
- Analiza, Inc., 3516 Superior Ave., Suite 4407B, Cleveland, USA
| | - Olga Fedotoff
- Analiza, Inc., 3516 Superior Ave., Suite 4407B, Cleveland, USA
| | - Marina P Shevelyova
- Institute for Biological Instrumentation, Russian Academy of Sciences, Pushchino, Moscow Region 142290, Russia
| | - Sergei E Permyakov
- Institute for Biological Instrumentation, Russian Academy of Sciences, Pushchino, Moscow Region 142290, Russia
| | - Kyle G Kroeck
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL 33612, USA
| | - Eugene A Permyakov
- Institute for Biological Instrumentation, Russian Academy of Sciences, Pushchino, Moscow Region 142290, Russia
| | | | - Vladimir N Uversky
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL 33612, USA; Byrd Alzheimer's Research Institute, Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL 33612, USA; Institute for Biological Instrumentation, Russian Academy of Sciences, Pushchino, Moscow Region 142290, Russia; Department of Biological Science, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, PO Box 80203, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia; Laboratory of Structural Dynamics, Stability and Folding of Proteins, Institute of Cytology, Russian Academy of Sciences, St. Petersburg, Russia.
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4
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Jackson-Atogi R, Sinha PK, Rösgen J. Distinctive solvation patterns make renal osmolytes diverse. Biophys J 2014; 105:2166-74. [PMID: 24209862 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpj.2013.09.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2013] [Revised: 09/10/2013] [Accepted: 09/18/2013] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The kidney uses mixtures of five osmolytes to counter the stress induced by high urea and NaCl concentrations. The individual roles of most of the osmolytes are unclear, and three of the five have not yet been thermodynamically characterized. Here, we report partial molar volumes and activity coefficients of glycerophosphocholine (GPC), taurine, and myo-inositol. We derive their solvation behavior from the experimental data using Kirkwood-Buff theory. We also provide their solubility data, including solubility data for scyllo-inositol. It turns out that renal osmolytes fall into three distinct classes with respect to their solvation. Trimethyl-amines (GPC and glycine-betaine) are characterized by strong hard-sphere-like self-exclusion; urea, taurine, and myo-inositol have a tendency toward self-association; sorbitol and most other nonrenal osmolytes have a relatively constant, intermediate solvation that has components of both exclusion and association. The data presented here show that renal osmolytes are quite diverse with respect to their solvation patterns, and they can be further differentiated based on observations from experiments examining their effect on macromolecules. It is expected, based on the available surface groups, that each renal osmolyte has distinct effects on various classes of biomolecules. This likely allows the kidney to use specific combinations of osmolytes independently to fine-tune the chemical activities of several types of molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruby Jackson-Atogi
- Pennsylvania State University, College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania
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Kastritis PL, Bonvin AMJJ. On the binding affinity of macromolecular interactions: daring to ask why proteins interact. J R Soc Interface 2012; 10:20120835. [PMID: 23235262 PMCID: PMC3565702 DOI: 10.1098/rsif.2012.0835] [Citation(s) in RCA: 276] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Interactions between proteins are orchestrated in a precise and time-dependent manner, underlying cellular function. The binding affinity, defined as the strength of these interactions, is translated into physico-chemical terms in the dissociation constant (Kd), the latter being an experimental measure that determines whether an interaction will be formed in solution or not. Predicting binding affinity from structural models has been a matter of active research for more than 40 years because of its fundamental role in drug development. However, all available approaches are incapable of predicting the binding affinity of protein–protein complexes from coordinates alone. Here, we examine both theoretical and experimental limitations that complicate the derivation of structure–affinity relationships. Most work so far has concentrated on binary interactions. Systems of increased complexity are far from being understood. The main physico-chemical measure that relates to binding affinity is the buried surface area, but it does not hold for flexible complexes. For the latter, there must be a significant entropic contribution that will have to be approximated in the future. We foresee that any theoretical modelling of these interactions will have to follow an integrative approach considering the biology, chemistry and physics that underlie protein–protein recognition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Panagiotis L Kastritis
- Bijvoet Center for Biomolecular Research, Faculty of Science, Chemistry, Utrecht University, , Padualaan 8, Utrecht, The Netherlands
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Ziegler C, Bremer E, Krämer R. The BCCT family of carriers: from physiology to crystal structure. Mol Microbiol 2011; 78:13-34. [PMID: 20923416 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2958.2010.07332.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Increases in the environmental osmolarity are key determinants for the growth of microorganisms. To ensure a physiologically acceptable level of cellular hydration and turgor at high osmolarity, many bacteria accumulate compatible solutes. Osmotically controlled uptake systems allow the scavenging of these compounds from scarce environmental sources as effective osmoprotectants. A number of these systems belong to the BCCT family (betaine-choline-carnitine-transporter), sodium- or proton-coupled transporters (e.g. BetP and BetT respectively) that are ubiquitous in microorganisms. The BCCT family also contains CaiT, an L-carnitine/γ-butyrobetaine antiporter that is not involved in osmotic stress responses. The glycine betaine transporter BetP from Corynebacterium glutamicum is a representative for osmoregulated symporters of the BCCT family and functions both as an osmosensor and osmoregulator. The crystal structure of BetP in an occluded conformation in complex with its substrate glycine betaine and two crystal structures of CaiT in an inward-facing open conformation in complex with L-carnitine and γ-butyrobetaine were reported recently. These structures and the wealth of biochemical data on the activity control of BetP in response to osmotic stress enable a correlation between the sensing of osmotic stress by a transporter protein with the ensuing regulation of transport activity. Molecular determinants governing the high-affinity binding of the compatible solutes by BetP and CaiT, the coupling in symporters and antiporters, and the osmoregulatory properties are discussed in detail for BetP and various BCCT carriers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christine Ziegler
- Max-Planck Institute for Biophysics, Max-von-Laue Street 3, D-60438 Frankfurt, Germany
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Gee MB, Smith PE. Kirkwood-Buff theory of molecular and protein association, aggregation, and cellular crowding. J Chem Phys 2009; 131:165101. [PMID: 19894976 PMCID: PMC2780464 DOI: 10.1063/1.3253299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2009] [Accepted: 10/01/2009] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
An analysis of the effect of a cosolvent on the association of a solute in solution using the Kirkwood-Buff theory of solutions is presented. The approach builds on the previous results of Ben-Naim by extending the range of applicability to include any number of components at finite concentrations in both closed and semiopen systems. The derived expressions, which are exact, provide a foundation for the analysis and rationalization of cosolvent effects on molecular and biomolecular equilibria including protein association, aggregation, and cellular crowding. A slightly different view of cellular crowding is subsequently obtained. In particular, it is observed that the addition of large cosolvents still favors the associated form even when traditional excluded volume effects are absent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Moon Bae Gee
- Department of Chemistry, 213 CBC Building, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506-0401, USA
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