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Plissonnier ML, Lahlali T, Michelet M, Lebossé F, Cottarel J, Beer M, Neveu G, Durantel D, Bartosch B, Accardi R, Clément S, Paradisi A, Devouassoux-Shisheboran M, Einav S, Mehlen P, Zoulim F, Parent R. Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor-Dependent Mutual Amplification between Netrin-1 and the Hepatitis C Virus. PLoS Biol 2016; 14:e1002421. [PMID: 27031829 PMCID: PMC4816328 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pbio.1002421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2015] [Accepted: 02/26/2016] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Hepatitis C virus (HCV) is an oncogenic virus associated with the onset of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). The present study investigated the possible link between HCV infection and Netrin-1, a ligand for dependence receptors that sustains tumorigenesis, in particular in inflammation-associated tumors. We show that Netrin-1 expression is significantly elevated in HCV+ liver biopsies compared to hepatitis B virus (HBV+) and uninfected samples. Furthermore, Netrin-1 was upregulated in all histological stages of HCV+ hepatic lesions, from minimal liver fibrosis to cirrhosis and HCC, compared to histologically matched HCV- tissues. Both cirrhosis and HCV contributed to the induction of Netrin-1 expression, whereas anti-HCV treatment resulted in a reduction of Netrin-1 expression. In vitro, HCV increased the level and translation of Netrin-1 in a NS5A-La-related protein 1 (LARP1)-dependent fashion. Knockdown and forced expression experiments identified the receptor uncoordinated receptor-5 (UNC5A) as an antagonist of the Netrin-1 signal, though it did not affect the death of HCV-infected cells. Netrin-1 enhanced infectivity of HCV particles and promoted viral entry by increasing the activation and decreasing the recycling of the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), a protein that is dysregulated in HCC. Netrin-1 and HCV are, therefore, reciprocal inducers in vitro and in patients, as seen from the increase in viral morphogenesis and viral entry, both phenomena converging toward an increase in the level of infectivity of HCV virions. This functional association involving a cancer-related virus and Netrin-1 argues for evaluating the implication of UNC5 receptor ligands in other oncogenic microbial species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marie-Laure Plissonnier
- Pathogenesis of Hepatitis B and C - Equipe labellisée LabEx DEVweCAN, INSERM U1052, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Lyon, F-69003 Lyon, France, Université de Lyon, F-69003 Lyon, Université Lyon 1, ISPB, Lyon, F-69622, France, CNRS UMR5286, F-69083 Lyon, France, Centre Léon Bérard, F-69008 Lyon, France
| | - Thomas Lahlali
- Pathogenesis of Hepatitis B and C - Equipe labellisée LabEx DEVweCAN, INSERM U1052, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Lyon, F-69003 Lyon, France, Université de Lyon, F-69003 Lyon, Université Lyon 1, ISPB, Lyon, F-69622, France, CNRS UMR5286, F-69083 Lyon, France, Centre Léon Bérard, F-69008 Lyon, France
| | - Maud Michelet
- Pathogenesis of Hepatitis B and C - Equipe labellisée LabEx DEVweCAN, INSERM U1052, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Lyon, F-69003 Lyon, France, Université de Lyon, F-69003 Lyon, Université Lyon 1, ISPB, Lyon, F-69622, France, CNRS UMR5286, F-69083 Lyon, France, Centre Léon Bérard, F-69008 Lyon, France
| | - Fanny Lebossé
- Pathogenesis of Hepatitis B and C - Equipe labellisée LabEx DEVweCAN, INSERM U1052, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Lyon, F-69003 Lyon, France, Université de Lyon, F-69003 Lyon, Université Lyon 1, ISPB, Lyon, F-69622, France, CNRS UMR5286, F-69083 Lyon, France, Centre Léon Bérard, F-69008 Lyon, France
- Hospices Civils de Lyon, Service d’Hépatogastroentérologie, F-69001 Lyon, France
| | - Jessica Cottarel
- Pathogenesis of Hepatitis B and C - Equipe labellisée LabEx DEVweCAN, INSERM U1052, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Lyon, F-69003 Lyon, France, Université de Lyon, F-69003 Lyon, Université Lyon 1, ISPB, Lyon, F-69622, France, CNRS UMR5286, F-69083 Lyon, France, Centre Léon Bérard, F-69008 Lyon, France
| | - Melanie Beer
- Department of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, United States of America
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, United States of America
| | - Grégory Neveu
- Department of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, United States of America
| | - David Durantel
- Pathogenesis of Hepatitis B and C - Equipe labellisée LabEx DEVweCAN, INSERM U1052, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Lyon, F-69003 Lyon, France, Université de Lyon, F-69003 Lyon, Université Lyon 1, ISPB, Lyon, F-69622, France, CNRS UMR5286, F-69083 Lyon, France, Centre Léon Bérard, F-69008 Lyon, France
| | - Birke Bartosch
- Pathogenesis of Hepatitis B and C - Equipe labellisée LabEx DEVweCAN, INSERM U1052, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Lyon, F-69003 Lyon, France, Université de Lyon, F-69003 Lyon, Université Lyon 1, ISPB, Lyon, F-69622, France, CNRS UMR5286, F-69083 Lyon, France, Centre Léon Bérard, F-69008 Lyon, France
| | - Rosita Accardi
- International Agency for Research on Cancer, F-69424 Lyon, France
| | - Sophie Clément
- Division of Clinical Pathology, University Hospital, University of Geneva School of Medicine, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Andrea Paradisi
- Apoptosis, Cancer and Development Laboratory - Equipe labellisée ‘La Ligue’, LabEx DEVweCAN, CNRS UMR5286, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Lyon, F-69008 Lyon, France, Université de Lyon F-69003 Lyon, Centre Léon Bérard, F-69008 Lyon, France
| | | | - Shirit Einav
- Department of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, United States of America
| | - Patrick Mehlen
- Apoptosis, Cancer and Development Laboratory - Equipe labellisée ‘La Ligue’, LabEx DEVweCAN, CNRS UMR5286, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Lyon, F-69008 Lyon, France, Université de Lyon F-69003 Lyon, Centre Léon Bérard, F-69008 Lyon, France
| | - Fabien Zoulim
- Pathogenesis of Hepatitis B and C - Equipe labellisée LabEx DEVweCAN, INSERM U1052, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Lyon, F-69003 Lyon, France, Université de Lyon, F-69003 Lyon, Université Lyon 1, ISPB, Lyon, F-69622, France, CNRS UMR5286, F-69083 Lyon, France, Centre Léon Bérard, F-69008 Lyon, France
- Hospices Civils de Lyon, Service d’Hépatogastroentérologie, F-69001 Lyon, France
| | - Romain Parent
- Pathogenesis of Hepatitis B and C - Equipe labellisée LabEx DEVweCAN, INSERM U1052, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Lyon, F-69003 Lyon, France, Université de Lyon, F-69003 Lyon, Université Lyon 1, ISPB, Lyon, F-69622, France, CNRS UMR5286, F-69083 Lyon, France, Centre Léon Bérard, F-69008 Lyon, France
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