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Sampieri A, Padilla-Flores T, Thawani AR, Lam PY, Fuchter MJ, Peterson R, Vaca L. The conducting state of TRPA1 modulates channel lateral mobility. Cell Calcium 2023; 116:102800. [PMID: 37776645 DOI: 10.1016/j.ceca.2023.102800] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2023] [Revised: 09/04/2023] [Accepted: 09/16/2023] [Indexed: 10/02/2023]
Abstract
We have studied Danio rerio (Zebrafish) TRPA1 channel using a method that combines single channel electrophysiological and optical recordings to evaluate lateral mobility and channel gating simultaneously in single channels. TRPA1 channel activation by two distinct chemical ligands: allyl isothiocyanate (AITC) and TRPswitch B, results in substantial reduction of channel lateral mobility at the plasma membrane. Incubation with the cholesterol sequestering agent methyl-β-cyclodextrin (MβCD), prevents the reduction on lateral mobility induced by the two chemical agonists. This results strongly suggest that the open conformation of TRPA1 modulates channel lateral mobility probably by facilitating the insertion of the channel into cholesterol-enriched domains at the plasma membrane.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alicia Sampieri
- Instituto de Fisiología Celular. Departamento de Biología Celular y del desarrollo. Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México. México, CDMX 04510, Mexico
| | - Teresa Padilla-Flores
- Instituto de Fisiología Celular. Departamento de Biología Celular y del desarrollo. Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México. México, CDMX 04510, Mexico
| | - Aditya R Thawani
- Department of Chemistry, Molecular Sciences Research Hub, Imperial College London, White City Campus, London W12 OBZ, United Kingdom
| | - Pui-Ying Lam
- Department of Cell Biology, Neurobiology and Anatomy, Medical College of Wisconsin, 8701 West Watertown Plank Rd., Milwaukee, Wisconsin 53226, USA; Neuroscience Research Center, Medical College of Wisconsin, 8701 West Watertown Plank Rd., Milwaukee, Wisconsin, 53226, USA
| | - Matthew J Fuchter
- Department of Chemistry, Molecular Sciences Research Hub, Imperial College London, White City Campus, London W12 OBZ, United Kingdom
| | - Randall Peterson
- College of Pharmacy, University of Utah, 30 South 2000 East, Salt Lake City, Utah, 84112, USA
| | - Luis Vaca
- Instituto de Fisiología Celular. Departamento de Biología Celular y del desarrollo. Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México. México, CDMX 04510, Mexico.
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2
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Abstract
The combination of single-molecule fluorescence imaging and electrophysiology provides a powerful tool to explore the stoichiometry and functional properties of ionic channels, simultaneously. Here, we describe a typical SC-SMD experiment from the preparation of plasmids containing the genes encoding for the channels of interest fused to fluorescent proteins to the use of the SC-SMD system for simultaneous patch clamping and single-molecule determinations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura G Ceballos
- Instituto de Fisiología Celular, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Coyoacán, Mexico DF, Mexico
| | | | - Luis Vaca
- Instituto de Fisiología Celular, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Coyoacán, Mexico DF, Mexico.
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3
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Boisselier É, Demers É, Cantin L, Salesse C. How to gather useful and valuable information from protein binding measurements using Langmuir lipid monolayers. Adv Colloid Interface Sci 2017; 243:60-76. [PMID: 28372794 DOI: 10.1016/j.cis.2017.03.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2016] [Revised: 03/14/2017] [Accepted: 03/15/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
This review presents data on the influence of various experimental parameters on the binding of proteins onto Langmuir lipid monolayers. The users of the Langmuir methodology are often unaware of the importance of choosing appropriate experimental conditions to validate the data acquired with this method. The protein Retinitis pigmentosa 2 (RP2) has been used throughout this review to illustrate the influence of these experimental parameters on the data gathered with Langmuir monolayers. The methods detailed in this review include the determination of protein binding parameters from the measurement of adsorption isotherms, infrared spectra of the protein in solution and in monolayers, ellipsometric isotherms and fluorescence micrographs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Élodie Boisselier
- CUO-Recherche, Hôpital du Saint-Sacrement, Centre de recherche du CHU de Québec and Département d'ophtalmologie, Faculté de médecine, and Regroupement stratégique PROTEO, Université Laval, Québec, Québec, Canada.
| | - Éric Demers
- CUO-Recherche, Hôpital du Saint-Sacrement, Centre de recherche du CHU de Québec and Département d'ophtalmologie, Faculté de médecine, and Regroupement stratégique PROTEO, Université Laval, Québec, Québec, Canada
| | - Line Cantin
- CUO-Recherche, Hôpital du Saint-Sacrement, Centre de recherche du CHU de Québec and Département d'ophtalmologie, Faculté de médecine, and Regroupement stratégique PROTEO, Université Laval, Québec, Québec, Canada
| | - Christian Salesse
- CUO-Recherche, Hôpital du Saint-Sacrement, Centre de recherche du CHU de Québec and Département d'ophtalmologie, Faculté de médecine, and Regroupement stratégique PROTEO, Université Laval, Québec, Québec, Canada.
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4
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Matsuda Y, Hanasaki I, Iwao R, Yamaguchi H, Niimi T. Faster Convergence of Diffusion Anisotropy Detection by Three-Step Relation of Single-Particle Trajectory. Anal Chem 2016; 88:4502-7. [PMID: 26980574 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.6b00390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
We focus on the issue of limited number of samples in the single particle tracking (SPT) when trying to extract the diffusion anisotropy that originates from the particle asymmetry. We propose a novel evaluation technique of SPT making use of the relation of the consecutive three steps. More specifically, the trend of the angle comprised of the three positions and the displacements are plotted on a scatter diagram. The particle anisotropy dependence of the shape of the scatter diagram is examined through the data from the standard numerical model of anisotropic two-dimensional Brownian motion. Comparison with the existing method reveals the faster convergence in the evaluation. In particular, our proposed method realizes the detection of diffusion anisotropy under the conditions of not only less number of data but also larger time steps. This is of practical importance not only when the abundant data is hard to achieve but also when the rotational diffusion is fast compared to the frame rate of the camera equipment, which tends to be more common for smaller particles or molecules of interest.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Matsuda
- Institute of Materials and Systems for Sustainability, Nagoya University , Furo-cho, Chikusa, Nagoya, Aichi 464-8603, Japan
| | - Itsuo Hanasaki
- Department of Mechanical Systems Engineering, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology , Naka-cho 2-24-16, Koganei, Tokyo 184-8588, Japan
| | - Ryo Iwao
- Department of Micro-Nano Systems Engineering, Nagoya University , Furo-cho, Chikusa, Nagoya, Aichi 464-8603, Japan
| | - Hiroki Yamaguchi
- Department of Micro-Nano Systems Engineering, Nagoya University , Furo-cho, Chikusa, Nagoya, Aichi 464-8603, Japan
| | - Tomohide Niimi
- Department of Micro-Nano Systems Engineering, Nagoya University , Furo-cho, Chikusa, Nagoya, Aichi 464-8603, Japan
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5
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Kodera N, Ando T. The path to visualization of walking myosin V by high-speed atomic force microscopy. Biophys Rev 2014; 6:237-260. [PMID: 25505494 PMCID: PMC4256461 DOI: 10.1007/s12551-014-0141-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2013] [Accepted: 05/07/2014] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
The quest for understanding the mechanism of myosin-based motility started with studies on muscle contraction. From numerous studies, the basic frameworks for this mechanism were constructed and brilliant hypotheses were put forward. However, the argument about the most crucial issue of how the actin-myosin interaction generates contractile force and shortening has not been definitive. To increase the "directness of measurement", in vitro motility assays and single-molecule optical techniques were created and used. Consequently, detailed knowledge of the motility of muscle myosin evolved, which resulted in provoking more arguments to a higher level. In parallel with technical progress, advances in cell biology led to the discovery of many classes of myosins. Myosin V was discovered to be a processive motor, unlike myosin II. The processivity reduced experimental difficulties because it allowed continuous tracing of the motor action of single myosin V molecules. Extensive studies of myosin V were expected to resolve arguments and build a consensus but did not necessarily do so. The directness of measurement was further enhanced by the recent advent of high-speed atomic force microscopy capable of directly visualizing biological molecules in action at high spatiotemporal resolution. This microscopy clearly visualized myosin V molecules walking on actin filaments and at last provided irrefutable evidence for the swinging lever-arm motion propelling the molecules. However, a peculiar foot stomp behavior also appeared in the AFM movie, raising new questions of the chemo-mechanical coupling in this motor and myosin motors in general. This article reviews these changes in the research of myosin motility and proposes new ideas to resolve the newly raised questions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noriyuki Kodera
- Bio-AFM Frontier Research Center, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, 920-1192 Japan
- PREST, Japan Science and Technology Agency, 4-1-8 Honcho, Kawaguchi, 332-0012 Japan
| | - Toshio Ando
- Bio-AFM Frontier Research Center, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, 920-1192 Japan
- Department of Physics, College of Science and Engineering, Kanazawa University, Kakuma-machi, Kanazawa, 920-1192 Japan
- CREST, Japan Science and Technology Agency, 4-1-8 Honcho, Kawaguchi, 332-0012 Japan
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6
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Rajapaksha SP, Wang X, Lu HP. Suspended Lipid Bilayer for Optical and Electrical Measurements of Single Ion Channel Proteins. Anal Chem 2013; 85:8951-5. [DOI: 10.1021/ac401342u] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Suneth P. Rajapaksha
- Department of Chemistry and Center for Photochemical
Sciences, Bowling Green State University, Bowling Green, Ohio 43403, United States
| | - Xuefei Wang
- Department of Chemistry and Center for Photochemical
Sciences, Bowling Green State University, Bowling Green, Ohio 43403, United States
| | - H. Peter Lu
- Department of Chemistry and Center for Photochemical
Sciences, Bowling Green State University, Bowling Green, Ohio 43403, United States
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7
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Hamilton BS, Whittaker GR, Daniel S. Influenza virus-mediated membrane fusion: determinants of hemagglutinin fusogenic activity and experimental approaches for assessing virus fusion. Viruses 2012; 4:1144-68. [PMID: 22852045 PMCID: PMC3407899 DOI: 10.3390/v4071144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 125] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2012] [Revised: 07/11/2012] [Accepted: 07/17/2012] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Hemagglutinin (HA) is the viral protein that facilitates the entry of influenza viruses into host cells. This protein controls two critical aspects of entry: virus binding and membrane fusion. In order for HA to carry out these functions, it must first undergo a priming step, proteolytic cleavage, which renders it fusion competent. Membrane fusion commences from inside the endosome after a drop in lumenal pH and an ensuing conformational change in HA that leads to the hemifusion of the outer membrane leaflets of the virus and endosome, the formation of a stalk between them, followed by pore formation. Thus, the fusion machinery is an excellent target for antiviral compounds, especially those that target the conserved stem region of the protein. However, traditional ensemble fusion assays provide a somewhat limited ability to directly quantify fusion partly due to the inherent averaging of individual fusion events resulting from experimental constraints. Inspired by the gains achieved by single molecule experiments and analysis of stochastic events, recently-developed individual virion imaging techniques and analysis of single fusion events has provided critical information about individual virion behavior, discriminated intermediate fusion steps within a single virion, and allowed the study of the overall population dynamics without the loss of discrete, individual information. In this article, we first start by reviewing the determinants of HA fusogenic activity and the viral entry process, highlight some open questions, and then describe the experimental approaches for assaying fusion that will be useful in developing the most effective therapies in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brian S. Hamilton
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA;
| | - Gary R. Whittaker
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA;
| | - Susan Daniel
- School of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA;
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8
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Abstract
Observing individual molecules in a complex environment by fluorescence microscopy is becoming increasingly important in biological and medical research, for which critical reduction of observation volume is required. Here, we demonstrate the use of vertically aligned silicon dioxide nanopillars to achieve below-the-diffraction-limit observation volume in vitro and inside live cells. With a diameter much smaller than the wavelength of visible light, a transparent silicon dioxide nanopillar embedded in a nontransparent substrate restricts the propagation of light and affords evanescence wave excitation along its vertical surface. This effect creates highly confined illumination volume that selectively excites fluorescence molecules in the vicinity of the nanopillar. We show that this nanopillar illumination can be used for in vitro single-molecule detection at high fluorophore concentrations. In addition, we demonstrate that vertical nanopillars interface tightly with live cells and function as highly localized light sources inside the cell. Furthermore, specific chemical modification of the nanopillar surface makes it possible to locally recruit proteins of interest and simultaneously observe their behavior within the complex, crowded environment of the cell.
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9
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Ciobanasu C, Siebrasse JP, Kubitscheck U. Cell-penetrating HIV1 TAT peptides can generate pores in model membranes. Biophys J 2010; 99:153-62. [PMID: 20655843 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpj.2010.03.065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 98] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2009] [Revised: 03/18/2010] [Accepted: 03/29/2010] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Cell-penetrating peptides like the cationic human immunodeficiency virus-1 trans-acting activator of transcription (TAT) peptide have the capability to traverse cell membranes and to deliver large molecular cargoes into the cellular interior. We used optical sectioning and state-of-the-art single-molecule microscopy to examine the passive membrane permeation of fluorescently labeled TAT peptides across the membranes of giant unilamellar vesicles (GUVs). In GUVs formed by phosphatidylcholine and cholesterol only, no translocation of TAT up to a concentration of 2 microM into the GUVs could be observed. At the same peptide concentration, but with 40 mol % of anionic phosphatidylserine in the membrane, rapid translocation of TAT peptides across the bilayers was detected. Efficient translocation of TAT peptides was observed across GUVs containing 20 mol % of phosphatidylethanolamine, which is known to induce a negative curvature into membranes. We discovered that TAT peptides are not only capable of penetrating membranes directly in a passive manner, but they were also able to form physical pores with sizes in the nanometer range, which could be passed by small dye tracer molecules. Lipid topology and anionic charge of the lipid bilayer are decisive parameters for pore formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Corina Ciobanasu
- Institute for Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-University Bonn, Bonn, Germany
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10
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Hall D, Hoshino M. Effects of macromolecular crowding on intracellular diffusion from a single particle perspective. Biophys Rev 2010; 2:39-53. [PMID: 21088688 PMCID: PMC2957576 DOI: 10.1007/s12551-010-0029-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2009] [Accepted: 01/08/2010] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Compared to biochemical reactions taking place in relatively well-defined aqueous solutions in vitro, the corresponding reactions happening in vivo occur in extremely complex environments containing only 60-70% water by volume, with the remainder consisting of an undefined array of bio-molecules. In a biological setting, such extremely complex and volume-occupied solution environments are termed 'crowded'. Through a range of intermolecular forces and pseudo-forces, this complex background environment may cause biochemical reactions to behave differently to their in vitro counterparts. In this review, we seek to highlight how the complex background environment of the cell can affect the diffusion of substances within it. Engaging the subject from the perspective of a single particle's motion, we place the focus of our review on two areas: (1) experimental procedures for conducting single particle tracking experiments within cells along with methods for extracting information from these experiments; (2) theoretical factors affecting the translational diffusion of single molecules within crowded two-dimensional membrane and three-dimensional solution environments. We conclude by discussing a number of recent publications relating to intracellular diffusion in light of the reviewed material.
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Affiliation(s)
- Damien Hall
- Institute of Basic Medical Science, University of Tsukuba, Lab 225-B, Building D, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba-shi, Ibaraki-ken 305-8577 Japan
| | - Masaru Hoshino
- Department of Pharmaceutical Science, Kyoto University, 46-29 Yoshida-Shimo-Adachi-cho, Sakyo-ku Kyoto, 606-8501 Japan
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11
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Ciobanasu C, Harms E, Tünnemann G, Cardoso MC, Kubitscheck U. Cell-penetrating HIV1 TAT peptides float on model lipid bilayers. Biochemistry 2009; 48:4728-37. [PMID: 19400584 DOI: 10.1021/bi900365s] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Cell-penetrating peptides like the cationic HIV1 TAT peptide are able to translocate across cell membranes and to carry molecular cargoes into the cellular interior. For most of these peptides, the biophysical mechanism of the membrane translocation is still quite unknown. We analyzed HIV1 TAT peptide binding and mobility within biological model membranes. To this end, we generated neutral and anionic giant unilamellar vesicles (GUVs) containing DPPC, DOPC, and cholesterol and containing DPPC, DOPC, cholesterol, and DPPS (DOPS), respectively. First, we characterized the mobility of fluorescently labeled lipids (TR-DHPE) within liquid-ordered and liquid-disordered lipid phases by single-molecule tracking, yielding a D(LO) of 0.6 +/- 0.05 microm(2)/s and a D(LD) of 2.5 +/- 0.05 microm(2)/s, respectively, as a reference. Fluorescently labeled TAT peptides accumulated on neutral GUVs but bound very efficiently to anionic GUVs. Single-molecule tracking revealed that HIV1 TAT peptides move on neutral and anionic GUV surfaces with a D(N,TAT) of 5.3 +/- 0.2 microm(2)/s and a D(A,TAT) of 3.3 +/- 0.2 mum(2)/s, respectively. TAT peptide diffusion was faster than fluorescent lipid diffusion, and also independent of the phase state of the membrane. We concluded that TAT peptides are not incorporated into but rather floating on lipid bilayers, but they immerged deeper into the headgroup domain of anionic lipids. The diffusion constants were not dependent on the TAT concentration ranging from 150 pM to 2 microM, indicating that the peptides were not aggregated on the membrane and not forming any "carpet".
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Affiliation(s)
- Corina Ciobanasu
- Institute for Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-University Bonn, Wegelerstrasse 12, D-53115 Bonn, Germany
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