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Qiao Y, Li C, Zhang M, Zhang X, Wei L, Cao K, Zhang X, Bi H, Gao T. Effects of Tibetan medicine metacinnabar (β-HgS) combined with imipramine or sertraline on depression-like symptoms in mice. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:971243. [PMID: 36120298 PMCID: PMC9478660 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.971243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2022] [Accepted: 08/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Depression is a common mood disorder that has exhibited an increased incidence rate worldwide, but the overall clinical efficacy of antidepressants remains unsatisfactory. In traditional Ayurveda and Tibetan medicines, β-HgS-containing medicines have been used to treat neurological diseases for thousands of years, and our previous study found that β-HgS ameliorated depression-like behaviors in chronic restraint stress (CRS)-treated or chronic unpredictable mild stress (CUMS)-treated mice. Hence, present study investigated the effects of β-HgS combined with the clinical first-line antidepressants, imipramine (IMI) and sertraline (SER), on depression-like symptoms in CRS- and CUMS-co-treated mice. Our results revealed that β-HgS promoted the antidepressant effect of SER on depression-like behavior in mice, and enhanced its effects on promoting glucocorticoid receptor (GR) expression and neuronal proliferation in key hippocampal subregions, as well as increasing interleukin 10 (IL-10) levels and decreasing malondialdehyde levels in the sera of stress-stimulated mice. As for IMI, β-HgS enhanced its effects on preventing atrophy and severe structural damage in the hippocampus, as well as in promoting hippocampal GR levels and neuronal proliferation and serum IL-10 and superoxide dismutase (SOD) levels. Additionally, combination therapy resulted in the increased diversity of important intestinal microbiota compared to that of monotherapy, which may help sustain the health of the digestive tract and reduce inflammation to further enhance the antidepressant effects of IMI and SER in mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yajun Qiao
- Department of Psychiatry, The People’s Hospital of Jiangmen, Southern Medical University, Jiangmen, China
- Qinghai Provincial Key Laboratory of Tibetan Medicine Pharmacology and Safety Evaluation, Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology, Chinese Academy of Science, Xining, China
- Department of Psychology, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Cen Li
- Qinghai Provincial Key Laboratory of Tibetan Medicine Pharmacology and Safety Evaluation, Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology, Chinese Academy of Science, Xining, China
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tibetan Medicine Research, Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xining, China
| | - Ming Zhang
- Qinghai Provincial Key Laboratory of Tibetan Medicine Pharmacology and Safety Evaluation, Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology, Chinese Academy of Science, Xining, China
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tibetan Medicine Research, Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xining, China
| | - Xingfang Zhang
- Qinghai Provincial Key Laboratory of Tibetan Medicine Pharmacology and Safety Evaluation, Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology, Chinese Academy of Science, Xining, China
- Medical College, Qinghai University, Xining, China
| | - Lixin Wei
- Qinghai Provincial Key Laboratory of Tibetan Medicine Pharmacology and Safety Evaluation, Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology, Chinese Academy of Science, Xining, China
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tibetan Medicine Research, Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xining, China
- *Correspondence: Hongtao Bi, ; Lixin Wei, ; Tingting Gao,
| | - Keshen Cao
- Department of Psychiatry, The People’s Hospital of Jiangmen, Southern Medical University, Jiangmen, China
| | - Xiaoyuan Zhang
- Department of Psychology, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hongtao Bi
- Qinghai Provincial Key Laboratory of Tibetan Medicine Pharmacology and Safety Evaluation, Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology, Chinese Academy of Science, Xining, China
- *Correspondence: Hongtao Bi, ; Lixin Wei, ; Tingting Gao,
| | - Tingting Gao
- Department of Psychiatry, The People’s Hospital of Jiangmen, Southern Medical University, Jiangmen, China
- Department of Psychology, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Hongtao Bi, ; Lixin Wei, ; Tingting Gao,
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Serotonin receptor 4 in the hippocampus modulates mood and anxiety. Mol Psychiatry 2021; 26:2334-2349. [PMID: 33441982 PMCID: PMC8275670 DOI: 10.1038/s41380-020-00994-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2019] [Revised: 12/02/2020] [Accepted: 12/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Serotonin receptor 4 (5-HT4R) plays an important role in regulating mood, anxiety, and cognition, and drugs that activate this receptor have fast-acting antidepressant (AD)-like effects in preclinical models. However, 5-HT4R is widely expressed throughout the central nervous system (CNS) and periphery, making it difficult to pinpoint the cell types and circuits underlying its effects. Therefore, we generated a Cre-dependent 5-HT4R knockout mouse line to dissect the function of 5-HT4R in specific brain regions and cell types. We show that the loss of functional 5-HT4R specifically from excitatory neurons of hippocampus led to robust AD-like behavioral responses and an elevation in baseline anxiety. 5-HT4R was necessary to maintain the proper excitability of dentate gyrus (DG) granule cells and cell type-specific molecular profiling revealed a dysregulation of genes necessary for normal neural function and plasticity in cells lacking 5-HT4R. These adaptations were accompanied by an increase in the number of immature neurons in ventral, but not dorsal, dentate gyrus, indicating a broad impact of 5-HT4R loss on the local cellular environment. This study is the first to use conditional genetic targeting to demonstrate a direct role for hippocampal 5-HT4R signaling in modulating mood and anxiety. Our findings also underscore the need for cell type-based approaches to elucidate the complex action of neuromodulatory systems on distinct neural circuits.
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Fanizzi C, Sauerbeck AD, Gangolli M, Zipfel GJ, Brody DL, Kummer TT. Minimal Long-Term Neurobehavioral Impairments after Endovascular Perforation Subarachnoid Hemorrhage in Mice. Sci Rep 2017; 7:7569. [PMID: 28790425 PMCID: PMC5548778 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-07701-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2017] [Accepted: 07/03/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Cognitive deficits are among the most severe and pervasive consequences of aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH). A critical step in developing therapies targeting such outcomes is the characterization of experimentally-tractable pre-clinical models that exhibit multi-domain neurobehavioral deficits similar to those afflicting humans. We therefore searched for neurobehavioral abnormalities following endovascular perforation induction of SAH in mice, a heavily-utilized model. We instituted a functional screen to manage variability in injury severity, then assessed acute functional deficits, as well as activity, anxiety-related behavior, learning and memory, socialization, and depressive-like behavior at sub-acute and chronic time points (up to 1 month post-injury). Animals in which SAH was induced exhibited reduced acute functional capacity and reduced general activity to 1 month post-injury. Tests of anxiety-related behavior including central area time in the elevated plus maze and thigmotaxis in the open field test revealed increased anxiety-like behavior at subacute and chronic time-points, respectively. Effect sizes for subacute and chronic neurobehavioral endpoints in other domains, however, were small. In combination with persistent variability, this led to non-significant effects of injury on all remaining neurobehavioral outcomes. These results suggest that, with the exception of anxiety-related behavior, alternate mouse models are required to effectively analyze cognitive outcomes after SAH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudia Fanizzi
- Department of Neurology, Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis, Missouri, USA
- Department of Neurosurgery, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - Andrew D Sauerbeck
- Department of Neurology, Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Mihika Gangolli
- Department of Neurology, Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Gregory J Zipfel
- Department of Neurology, Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis, Missouri, USA
- Department of Neurosurgery, Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - David L Brody
- Department of Neurology, Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Terrance T Kummer
- Department of Neurology, Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis, Missouri, USA.
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Huang CW, Hong TW, Wang YJ, Chen KC, Pei JC, Chuang TY, Lai WS, Tsai SH, Chu R, Chen WC, Sheen LY, Takahashi S, Ding ST, Shen TL. Ophiocordyceps formosana improves hyperglycemia and depression-like behavior in an STZ-induced diabetic mouse model. Altern Ther Health Med 2016; 16:310. [PMID: 27553852 PMCID: PMC4995616 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-016-1278-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2015] [Accepted: 08/11/2016] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Background A newly defined Cordyceps species, Ophiocordyceps formosana (O. formosana) has been implicated in multitudinous bioactivities, including lowering glucose and cholesterol levels and modulating the immune system. However, few literatures demonstrate sufficient evidence to support these proposed functions. Although the use of Cordyceps spp. has been previously addressed to improve insulin insensitivity and improve the detrimental symptoms of depression; its mechanistic nature remains unsettled. Herein, we reveal the effects of O. formosana in ameliorating hyperglycemia accompanied with depression. Methods Diabetes was induced in mice by employing streptozotocin(STZ), a chemical that is toxic to insulin-producing β cells of the pancreas. These streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic mice showed combined symptoms of hyperglycemia and depressive behaviors. Twenty-four STZ-induced mice were randomly divided into 3 groups subjected to oral gavage with 100 μL solution of either PBS or 25 mg/mL Ophiocordyceps formosana extract (OFE) or 2 mg/mL rosiglitazone (Rosi, positive control group). Treatments were administered once per day for 28 days. An additional 6 mice without STZ induction were treated with PBS to serve as the control group. Insulin sensitivity was measured by a glucose tolerance test and levels of adiponectin in plasma and adipose tissue were also quantified. Behavioral tests were conducted and levels of monoamines in various brain regions relating to depression were evaluated. Results HPLC analysis uncovered three major constituents, adenosine, D-mannitol and cordycepin, within O. formosana similar to other prestigious medicinal Cordyceps spp.. STZ-induced diabetic mice demonstrated decreased body weight and subcutaneous adipose tissue, while these symptoms were recovered in mice receiving OFE treatment. Moreover, the OFE group displayed improved insulin sensitivity and elevated adiponectin within the plasma and adipose tissue. The anti-depressive effect of OFE was observed in various depression-related behavior tests. Concurrently, neurotransmitters, like 5-HT and dopamine in the frontal cortex, striatum and hippocampus were found to be up-regulated in OFE-treated mice. Conclusions Our findings illustrated, for the first time, the medicinal merits of O. formosana on Type I diabetes and hyperglycemia-induced depression. OFE were found to promote the expression of adiponectin, which is an adipokine involved in insulin sensitivity and hold anti-depressive effects. In addition, OFE administration also displayed altered levels of neurotransmitters in certain brain regions that may have contributed to its anti-depressive effect. Collectively, this current study provided insights to the potential therapeutic effects of O. formosana extracts in regards to hyperglycemia and its depressive complications.
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Chellian R, Pandy V, Mohamed Z. Biphasic Effects of α-Asarone on Immobility in the Tail Suspension Test: Evidence for the Involvement of the Noradrenergic and Serotonergic Systems in Its Antidepressant-Like Activity. Front Pharmacol 2016; 7:72. [PMID: 27065863 PMCID: PMC4811860 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2016.00072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2015] [Accepted: 03/10/2016] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Alpha (α)-asarone is one of the main psychoactive compounds, present in Acorus species. Evidence suggests that the α-asarone possess an antidepressant-like activity in mice. However, the exact dose-dependent effect of α-asarone and mechanism(s) involved in the antidepressant-like activity are not clear. The present study aimed to investigate the dose-dependent effect of α-asarone and the underlining mechanism(s) involved in the antidepressant-like activity of α-asarone in the mouse model of tail suspension test (TST). In this study, the acute effect of α-asarone per se at different doses (10–100 mg/kg, i.p.) on immobility in the TST was studied. Additionally, the possible mechanism(s) involved in the antidepressant-like effect of α-asarone was studied using its interaction with noradrenergic and serotonergic neuromodulators in the TST. The present results reveal that the acute treatment of α-asarone elicited biphasic responses on immobility such that the duration of the immobility time is significantly reduced at lower doses (15 and 20 mg/kg, i.p.) but increased at higher doses (50 and 100 mg/kg, i.p.) in the TST. Besides, α-asarone at higher doses (50 and 100 mg/kg, i.p.) significantly decreased the spontaneous locomotor activity. Moreover, pretreatment of mice with noradrenergic neuromodulators such as AMPT (100 mg/kg, i.p., a catecholamine synthesis inhibitor), prazosin (1 mg/kg, i.p., an α1-adrenoceptor antagonist), yohimbine (1 mg/kg, i.p., an α2-adrenoceptor antagonist) and with serotonergic neuromodulators such as PCPA (100 mg/kg, i.p., once daily for four consecutive days, a serotonin synthesis inhibitor,) and WAY100635 (0.1 mg/kg, s.c., a selective 5-HT1A receptor antagonist) significantly reversed the anti-immobility effect of α-asarone (20 mg/kg, i.p.). Taken together, our results suggest that the acute treatment with α-asarone elicited biphasic actions in the TST in which antidepressant-like effect was seen at relatively lower doses (15 and 20 mg/kg, i.p.) and depressive-like activity at relatively higher doses (50 and 100 mg/kg, i.p.). Furthermore, it has been revealed that the antidepressant-like effect of α-asarone could be mediated through both noradrenergic (α1 and α2 adrenoceptors) and serotonergic (particularly, 5-HT1A receptors) systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ranjithkumar Chellian
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Vijayapandi Pandy
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Zahurin Mohamed
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
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O'Leary OF, Cryan JF. Towards translational rodent models of depression. Cell Tissue Res 2013; 354:141-53. [PMID: 23525777 DOI: 10.1007/s00441-013-1587-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2013] [Accepted: 02/11/2013] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
Rodent models of depression have been developed in an effort to identify novel antidepressant compounds and to further our understanding of the pathophysiology of depression. Various rodent models of depression and antidepressant-like behaviour are currently used but, clearly, none of these current models fully recapitulate all features of depression. Moreover, these models have not resulted in the development of novel non-monoaminergic-based antidepressants with clinical efficacy. Thus, a refinement of the current models of depression is required. The present review outlines the most commonly used models of depression and antidepressant drug-like activity and suggests several factors that should be considered when refining these models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olivia F O'Leary
- Department of Anatomy and Neuroscience, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland,
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