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Wardhani K, Levina A, Grau GER, Lay PA. Fluorescent, phosphorescent, magnetic resonance contrast and radioactive tracer labelling of extracellular vesicles. Chem Soc Rev 2024; 53:6779-6829. [PMID: 38828885 DOI: 10.1039/d2cs00238h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2024]
Abstract
This review focusses on the significance of fluorescent, phosphorescent labelling and tracking of extracellular vesicles (EVs) for unravelling their biology, pathophysiology, and potential diagnostic and therapeutic uses. Various labeling strategies, such as lipid membrane, surface protein, luminal, nucleic acid, radionuclide, quantum dot labels, and metal complex-based stains, are evaluated for visualizing and characterizing EVs. Direct labelling with fluorescent lipophilic dyes is simple but generally lacks specificity, while surface protein labelling offers selectivity but may affect EV-cell interactions. Luminal and nucleic acid labelling strategies have their own advantages and challenges. Each labelling approach has strengths and weaknesses, which require a suitable probe and technique based on research goals, but new tetranuclear polypyridylruthenium(II) complexes as phosphorescent probes have strong phosphorescence, selective staining, and stability. Future research should prioritize the design of novel fluorescent probes and labelling platforms that can significantly enhance the efficiency, accuracy, and specificity of EV labeling, while preserving their composition and functionality. It is crucial to reduce false positive signals and explore the potential of multimodal imaging techniques to gain comprehensive insights into EVs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kartika Wardhani
- School of Chemistry, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, 2006, Australia.
- Biochemistry and Biotechnology (B-TEK) Group, Bioscience Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico, 87545, USA
| | - Aviva Levina
- School of Chemistry, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, 2006, Australia.
| | - Georges E R Grau
- Sydney Nano, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, 2006, Australia
- Sydney Cancer Network, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, 2006, Australia
- Marie Bashir Institute, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, 2006, Australia
- Vascular Immunology Unit, School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, 2006, Australia
| | - Peter A Lay
- School of Chemistry, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, 2006, Australia.
- Sydney Nano, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, 2006, Australia
- Sydney Cancer Network, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, 2006, Australia
- Marie Bashir Institute, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, 2006, Australia
- Sydney Analytical, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, 2006, Australia
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2
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Pereira S, Santos RS, Moreira L, Guimarães N, Gomes M, Zhang H, Remaut K, Braeckmans K, De Smedt S, Azevedo NF. Lipoplexes to Deliver Oligonucleotides in Gram-Positive and Gram-Negative Bacteria: Towards Treatment of Blood Infections. Pharmaceutics 2021; 13:pharmaceutics13070989. [PMID: 34210111 PMCID: PMC8309032 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics13070989] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2021] [Revised: 06/25/2021] [Accepted: 06/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Bacterial resistance to antibiotics threatens the ability to treat life-threatening bloodstream infections. Oligonucleotides (ONs) composed of nucleic acid mimics (NAMs) able to inhibit essential genes can become an alternative to traditional antibiotics, as long as they are safely transported in human serum upon intravenous administration and they are carried across the multilayered bacterial envelopes, impermeable to ONs. In this study, fusogenic liposomes were considered to transport the ONs and promote their internalization in clinically relevant bacteria. Locked nucleic acids and 2′-OMethyl RNA were evaluated as model NAMs and formulated into DOTAP–DOPE liposomes followed by post-PEGylation. Our data showed a complexation stability between the post-PEGylated liposomes and the ONs of over 82%, during 24 h in native human serum, as determined by fluorescence correlation spectroscopy. Quantification by a lipid-mixing assay showed that liposomes, with and without post-PEGylation, fused with all bacteria tested. Such fusion promoted the delivery of a fraction of the ONs into the bacterial cytosol, as observed by fluorescence in situ hybridization and bacterial fractionation. In short, we demonstrated for the first time that liposomes can safely transport ONs in human serum and intracellularly deliver them in both Gram-negative and -positive bacteria, which holds promise towards the treatment of bloodstream infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Pereira
- Laboratory for Process Engineering, Environment, Biotechnology and Energy (LEPABE), Faculty of Engineering, University of Porto, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal; (S.P.); (L.M.); (N.G.); (M.G.); (N.F.A.)
| | - Rita Sobral Santos
- Laboratory for Process Engineering, Environment, Biotechnology and Energy (LEPABE), Faculty of Engineering, University of Porto, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal; (S.P.); (L.M.); (N.G.); (M.G.); (N.F.A.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +351-225-08-48-71
| | - Luís Moreira
- Laboratory for Process Engineering, Environment, Biotechnology and Energy (LEPABE), Faculty of Engineering, University of Porto, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal; (S.P.); (L.M.); (N.G.); (M.G.); (N.F.A.)
| | - Nuno Guimarães
- Laboratory for Process Engineering, Environment, Biotechnology and Energy (LEPABE), Faculty of Engineering, University of Porto, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal; (S.P.); (L.M.); (N.G.); (M.G.); (N.F.A.)
| | - Mariana Gomes
- Laboratory for Process Engineering, Environment, Biotechnology and Energy (LEPABE), Faculty of Engineering, University of Porto, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal; (S.P.); (L.M.); (N.G.); (M.G.); (N.F.A.)
| | - Heyang Zhang
- Ghent Research Group on Nanomedicine, Laboratory of General Biochemistry and Physical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ghent University, 9000 Ghent, Belgium; (H.Z.); (K.R.); (K.B.); (S.D.S.)
| | - Katrien Remaut
- Ghent Research Group on Nanomedicine, Laboratory of General Biochemistry and Physical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ghent University, 9000 Ghent, Belgium; (H.Z.); (K.R.); (K.B.); (S.D.S.)
| | - Kevin Braeckmans
- Ghent Research Group on Nanomedicine, Laboratory of General Biochemistry and Physical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ghent University, 9000 Ghent, Belgium; (H.Z.); (K.R.); (K.B.); (S.D.S.)
- Centre for Advanced Light Microscopy, Ghent University, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Stefaan De Smedt
- Ghent Research Group on Nanomedicine, Laboratory of General Biochemistry and Physical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ghent University, 9000 Ghent, Belgium; (H.Z.); (K.R.); (K.B.); (S.D.S.)
- Centre for Advanced Light Microscopy, Ghent University, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Nuno Filipe Azevedo
- Laboratory for Process Engineering, Environment, Biotechnology and Energy (LEPABE), Faculty of Engineering, University of Porto, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal; (S.P.); (L.M.); (N.G.); (M.G.); (N.F.A.)
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3
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Dutta S, Watson BG, Mattoo S, Rochet JC. Calcein Release Assay to Measure Membrane Permeabilization by Recombinant Alpha-Synuclein. Bio Protoc 2020; 10:e3690. [PMID: 32953942 DOI: 10.21769/bioprotoc.3690] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Lipid membranes are involved in regulating biochemical and biological processes and in modulating the selective permeability of cells, organelles, and vesicles. Membrane composition, charge, curvature, and fluidity all have concerted effects on cellular signaling and homeostasis. The ability to prepare artificial lipid assemblies that mimic biological membranes has enabled investigators to obtain considerable insight into biomolecule-membrane interactions. Lipid nanoscale assemblies can vary greatly in size and composition and can consist of a single lipid monolayer, a bilayer, or other more complex assemblies. This structural diversity makes liposomes suitable for a wide variety of biochemical and clinical applications. Here, we describe a calcein dye leakage assay that we have developed to monitor phospholipid vesicle disruption by alpha-synuclein (αSyn), a presynaptic protein that plays a central role in Parkinson's disease (PD). We present data showing the effect of adenylylation of αSyn on αSyn-mediated vesicle disruption as an example. This assay can be used to study the effect of mutations or post-translational modifications on αSyn-membrane interactions, to identify protein binding partners or chemical entities that perturb these interactions, and to study the effects of different lipids on the permeabilization activity of αSyn or any other protein.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sayan Dutta
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA.,Purdue Institute for Integrative Neuroscience, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
| | - Ben G Watson
- Department of Biological Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
| | - Seema Mattoo
- Department of Biological Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA.,Purdue Institute for Integrative Neuroscience, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA.,Purdue Institute of Inflammation, Immunology and Infectious Disease, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
| | - Jean-Christophe Rochet
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA.,Purdue Institute for Integrative Neuroscience, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
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4
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Fusion of Bipolar Tetraether Lipid Membranes Without Enhanced Leakage of Small Molecules. Sci Rep 2019; 9:19359. [PMID: 31852914 PMCID: PMC6920354 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-55494-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2019] [Accepted: 11/21/2019] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
A major challenge in liposomal research is to minimize the leakage of encapsulated cargo from either uncontrolled passive permeability across the liposomal membrane or upon fusion with other membranes. We previously showed that liposomes made from pure Archaea-inspired bipolar tetraether lipids exhibit exceptionally low permeability of encapsulated small molecules due to their capability to form more tightly packed membranes compared to typical monopolar lipids. Here, we demonstrate that liposomes made of synthetic bipolar tetraether lipids can also undergo membrane fusion, which is commonly accompanied by content leakage of liposomes when using typical bilayer-forming lipids. Importantly, we demonstrate calcium-mediated fusion events between liposome made of glycerolmonoalkyl glycerol tetraether lipids with phosphatidic acid headgroups (GMGTPA) occur without liposome content release, which contrasts with liposomes made of bilayer-forming EggPA lipids that displayed ~80% of content release under the same fusogenic conditions. NMR spectroscopy studies of a deuterated analog of GMGTPA lipids reveal the presence of multiple rigid and dynamic conformations, which provide evidence for the possibility of these lipids to form intermediate states typically associated with membrane fusion events. The results support that biomimetic GMGT lipids possess several attractive properties (e.g., low permeability and non-leaky fusion capability) for further development in liposome-based technologies.
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Godoy-Gallardo M, Labay C, Hosta-Rigau L. Tyrosinase-Loaded Multicompartment Microreactor toward Melanoma Depletion. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2019; 11:5862-5876. [PMID: 30605301 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.8b20275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Melanoma is malignant skin cancer occurring with increasing prevalence with no effective treatment. A unique feature of melanoma cells is that they require higher concentrations of ltyrosine (l-tyr) for expansion than normal cells. As such, it has been demonstrated that dietary l-tyr restriction lowers systemic l-tyr and suppresses melanoma advancement in mice. Unfortunately, this diet is not well tolerated by humans. An alternative approach to impede melanoma progression will be to administer the enzyme tyrosinase (TYR), which converts l-tyr into melanin. Herein, a multicompartment carrier consisting of a polymer shell entrapping thousands of liposomes is employed to act as a microreactor depleting l-tyr in the presence of melanoma cells. It is shown that the TYR enzyme can be incorporated within the liposomal subunits with preserved catalytic activity. Aiming to mimic the dynamic environment at the tumor site, l-tyr conversion is conducted by co-culturing melanoma cells and microreactors in a microfluidic setup with applied intratumor shear stress. It is demonstrated that the microreactors are concurrently depleting l-tyr, which translates into inhibited melanoma cell growth. Thus, the first microreactor where the depletion of a substrate translates into antitumor properties in vitro is reported.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Godoy-Gallardo
- Department of Micro- and Nanotechnology, Center for Nanomedicine and Theranostics, DTU Nanotech , Technical University of Denmark , Building 423 , 2800 Lyngby , Denmark
| | - Cédric Labay
- Department of Micro- and Nanotechnology, Center for Nanomedicine and Theranostics, DTU Nanotech , Technical University of Denmark , Building 423 , 2800 Lyngby , Denmark
| | - Leticia Hosta-Rigau
- Department of Micro- and Nanotechnology, Center for Nanomedicine and Theranostics, DTU Nanotech , Technical University of Denmark , Building 423 , 2800 Lyngby , Denmark
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6
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Kaddah S, Khreich N, Kaddah F, Khrouz L, Charcosset C, Greige-Gerges H. Corticoids modulate liposome membrane fluidity and permeability depending on membrane composition and experimental protocol design. Biochimie 2018; 153:33-45. [PMID: 29935242 DOI: 10.1016/j.biochi.2018.06.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2018] [Accepted: 06/15/2018] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Given that literature data may give inconsistent results on the effect of a drug on lipid membrane properties, this work aims to investigate the impact of the liposome composition and experimental protocol design on glucocorticoids (GRs: cortisol, cortisone, fludrocortisone acetate, methylprednisolone, prednisolone and prednisone)-modulating membrane fluidity and permeability. GRs-loaded liposomes consisting of dipalmitoylphosphatidylcholine (DPPC) and cholesterol (CHOL) were prepared by reverse phase evaporation technique (REV) at DPPC:CHOL:GR molar ratios of 100:100:2.5, and 100:100:10. The formulations were characterized for their size and homogeneity, encapsulation efficiency and loading rates of GRs, incorporation rates and loading rates of DPPC and CHOL. Changes in DPPC membrane fluidity (CHOL% 0, 10, 20, 30 and 100) after exposure to methylprednisolone were monitored by using 5- and 16-doxyl stearic acids (DSA) as spin probes. For permeability studies, the above-mentioned GRs-loaded liposomes and the preformed liposomes exposed to GRs (2.5 mol%) were compared for the leakage of an encapsulated fluorescent dye, sulforhodamine B (SRB), at 37 °C in buffer (pH 7.5) containing NaCl. The SRB release kinetics were analyzed by the Higuchi model for two release phases (from 0 to 10 h, and from 10 to 48 h). All formulations exhibited a monodispersed size distribution of liposomes with a mean particle value close to 0.4 μm, also the DPPC and CHOL were highly incorporated (>95%). High loading rate values of DPPC and CHOL were also obtained. Except for fludrocortisone acetate (51%) and prednisolone (77%), high loading rate values of GRs were obtained (>81%). Fluidity and permeability studies showed that the GR concentration, CHOL content, experimental protocol design including the period of incubation represent critical parameters to be considered in analyzing the effect of drugs on the membrane properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samar Kaddah
- Bioactive Molecules Research Laboratory, Faculty of Sciences, Lebanese University, Lebanon; Laboratoire d'Automatique et de Génie des Procédés (LAGEP), Université Claude Bernard, Lyon 1, France
| | - Nathalie Khreich
- Bioactive Molecules Research Laboratory, Faculty of Sciences, Lebanese University, Lebanon
| | - Fouad Kaddah
- École Supérieure d'ingénieurs de Beyrouth, Université Saint Joseph, Beyrouth, Mar Roukoz-Dekwaneh, Lebanon
| | - Lhoussain Khrouz
- Laboratoire de Chimie, École Normale Supérieure de Lyon (ENS), Université Claude Bernard, Lyon 1, France
| | - Catherine Charcosset
- Laboratoire d'Automatique et de Génie des Procédés (LAGEP), Université Claude Bernard, Lyon 1, France
| | - Hélène Greige-Gerges
- Bioactive Molecules Research Laboratory, Faculty of Sciences, Lebanese University, Lebanon.
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7
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Biner O, Schick T, Müller Y, von Ballmoos C. Delivery of membrane proteins into small and giant unilamellar vesicles by charge-mediated fusion. FEBS Lett 2016; 590:2051-62. [DOI: 10.1002/1873-3468.12233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2016] [Revised: 05/25/2016] [Accepted: 05/27/2016] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Olivier Biner
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry; University of Bern; Switzerland
- Graduate School for Cellular and Biomedical Sciences; University of Bern; Switzerland
| | - Thomas Schick
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry; University of Bern; Switzerland
- Graduate School for Cellular and Biomedical Sciences; University of Bern; Switzerland
| | - Yannic Müller
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry; University of Bern; Switzerland
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Xing H, Hwang K, Lu Y. Recent Developments of Liposomes as Nanocarriers for Theranostic Applications. Theranostics 2016; 6:1336-52. [PMID: 27375783 PMCID: PMC4924503 DOI: 10.7150/thno.15464] [Citation(s) in RCA: 158] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2016] [Accepted: 05/15/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Liposomes are nanocarriers comprised of lipid bilayers encapsulating an aqueous core. The ability of liposomes to encapsulate a wide variety of diagnostic and therapeutic agents has led to significant interest in utilizing liposomes as nanocarriers for theranostic applications. In this review, we highlight recent progress in developing liposomes as nanocarriers for a) diagnostic applications to detect proteins, DNA, and small molecule targets using fluorescence, magnetic resonance, ultrasound, and nuclear imaging; b) therapeutic applications based on small molecule-based therapy, gene therapy and immunotherapy; and c) theranostic applications for simultaneous detection and treatment of heavy metal toxicity and cancers. In addition, we summarize recent studies towards understanding of interactions between liposomes and biological components. Finally, perspectives on future directions in advancing the field for clinical translations are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hang Xing
- 1. Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois, USA, 61801
- 2. Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois, USA, 61801
| | - Kevin Hwang
- 1. Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois, USA, 61801
| | - Yi Lu
- 1. Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois, USA, 61801
- 2. Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois, USA, 61801
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9
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Sautrey G, El Khoury M, Dos Santos AG, Zimmermann L, Deleu M, Lins L, Décout JL, Mingeot-Leclercq MP. Negatively Charged Lipids as a Potential Target for New Amphiphilic Aminoglycoside Antibiotics: A BIOPHYSICAL STUDY. J Biol Chem 2016; 291:13864-74. [PMID: 27189936 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m115.665364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2015] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Bacterial membranes are highly organized, containing specific microdomains that facilitate distinct protein and lipid assemblies. Evidence suggests that cardiolipin molecules segregate into such microdomains, probably conferring a negative curvature to the inner plasma membrane during membrane fission upon cell division. 3',6-Dinonyl neamine is an amphiphilic aminoglycoside derivative active against Pseudomonas aeruginosa, including strains resistant to colistin. The mechanisms involved at the molecular level were identified using lipid models (large unilamellar vesicles, giant unilamelllar vesicles, and lipid monolayers) that mimic the inner membrane of P. aeruginosa The study demonstrated the interaction of 3',6-dinonyl neamine with cardiolipin and phosphatidylglycerol, two negatively charged lipids from inner bacterial membranes. This interaction induced membrane permeabilization and depolarization. Lateral segregation of cardiolipin and membrane hemifusion would be critical for explaining the effects induced on lipid membranes by amphiphilic aminoglycoside antibiotics. The findings contribute to an improved understanding of how amphiphilic aminoglycoside antibiotics that bind to negatively charged lipids like cardiolipin could be promising antibacterial compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guillaume Sautrey
- From the Université Catholique de Louvain, Louvain Drug Research Institute, Pharmacologie Cellulaire et Moléculaire, Avenue E. Mounier 73, UCL B1.73.05 Bruxelles, Belgium
| | - Micheline El Khoury
- From the Université Catholique de Louvain, Louvain Drug Research Institute, Pharmacologie Cellulaire et Moléculaire, Avenue E. Mounier 73, UCL B1.73.05 Bruxelles, Belgium
| | - Andreia Giro Dos Santos
- From the Université Catholique de Louvain, Louvain Drug Research Institute, Pharmacologie Cellulaire et Moléculaire, Avenue E. Mounier 73, UCL B1.73.05 Bruxelles, Belgium
| | - Louis Zimmermann
- the Département de Pharmacochimie Moléculaire, Université de Grenoble, Alpes/CNRS, UMR 5063, ICMG FR 2607, 470 Rue de la Chimie, BP 53, F-38041 Grenoble, France, and
| | - Magali Deleu
- the Laboratoire de Biophysique Moleculaire aux Interfaces, Université de Liège, Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech, Passage des Déportés, 2, B-5030 Gembloux, Belgium
| | - Laurence Lins
- the Laboratoire de Biophysique Moleculaire aux Interfaces, Université de Liège, Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech, Passage des Déportés, 2, B-5030 Gembloux, Belgium
| | - Jean-Luc Décout
- the Département de Pharmacochimie Moléculaire, Université de Grenoble, Alpes/CNRS, UMR 5063, ICMG FR 2607, 470 Rue de la Chimie, BP 53, F-38041 Grenoble, France, and
| | - Marie-Paule Mingeot-Leclercq
- From the Université Catholique de Louvain, Louvain Drug Research Institute, Pharmacologie Cellulaire et Moléculaire, Avenue E. Mounier 73, UCL B1.73.05 Bruxelles, Belgium,
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10
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Pitchaimani A, Thanh Nguyen TD, Wang H, Bossmann SH, Aryal S. Design and characterization of gadolinium infused theranostic liposomes. RSC Adv 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c6ra00552g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Multifunctional theranostic gadolinium infused liposomes containing the chemotherapeutic drug, doxorubicin (DOX), in its core are designed as potential candidates for diagnosis and therapy of various cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arunkumar Pitchaimani
- Department of Chemistry
- Kansas State University
- Manhattan
- USA
- Nanotechnology Innovation Center of Kansas State (NICKS)
| | - Tuyen Duong Thanh Nguyen
- Department of Chemistry
- Kansas State University
- Manhattan
- USA
- Nanotechnology Innovation Center of Kansas State (NICKS)
| | - Hongwang Wang
- Department of Chemistry
- Kansas State University
- Manhattan
- USA
| | | | - Santosh Aryal
- Department of Chemistry
- Kansas State University
- Manhattan
- USA
- Nanotechnology Innovation Center of Kansas State (NICKS)
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11
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Lete MG, Sot J, Gil D, Valle M, Medina M, Goñi FM, Alonso A. Histones cause aggregation and fusion of lipid vesicles containing phosphatidylinositol-4-phosphate. Biophys J 2015; 108:863-871. [PMID: 25692591 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpj.2014.12.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2014] [Revised: 12/07/2014] [Accepted: 12/09/2014] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
In a previous article, we demonstrated that histones (H1 or histone octamers) interact with negatively charged bilayers and induce extensive aggregation of vesicles containing phosphatidylinositol-4-phosphate (PIP) and, to a lesser extent, vesicles containing phosphatidylinositol (PI). Here, we found that vesicles containing PIP, but not those containing PI, can undergo fusion induced by histones. Fusion was demonstrated through the observation of intervesicular mixing of total lipids and inner monolayer lipids, and by ultrastructural and confocal microscopy studies. Moreover, in both PI- and PIP-containing vesicles, histones caused permeabilization and release of vesicular aqueous contents, but the leakage mechanism was different (all-or-none for PI and graded release for PIP vesicles). These results indicate that histones could play a role in the remodeling of the nuclear envelope that takes place during the mitotic cycle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta G Lete
- Unidad de Biofísica (CSIC, UPV/EHU), Universidad del País Vasco, Leioa, Spain; Departamento de Bioquímica, Universidad del País Vasco, Leioa, Spain
| | - Jesus Sot
- Unidad de Biofísica (CSIC, UPV/EHU), Universidad del País Vasco, Leioa, Spain; Departamento de Bioquímica, Universidad del País Vasco, Leioa, Spain
| | - David Gil
- Structural Biology Unit, Center for Cooperative Research in Biosciences, CIC bioGUNE, Derio, Spain
| | - Mikel Valle
- Structural Biology Unit, Center for Cooperative Research in Biosciences, CIC bioGUNE, Derio, Spain
| | - Milagros Medina
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular y Celular, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain; Instituto de Biocomputación y Física de Sistemas Complejos, Unidad Asociada BIFI-IQFR, Universidad de Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Felix M Goñi
- Unidad de Biofísica (CSIC, UPV/EHU), Universidad del País Vasco, Leioa, Spain; Departamento de Bioquímica, Universidad del País Vasco, Leioa, Spain
| | - Alicia Alonso
- Unidad de Biofísica (CSIC, UPV/EHU), Universidad del País Vasco, Leioa, Spain; Departamento de Bioquímica, Universidad del País Vasco, Leioa, Spain.
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12
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Gray WD, Mitchell AJ, Searles CD. An accurate, precise method for general labeling of extracellular vesicles. MethodsX 2015; 2:360-7. [PMID: 26543819 PMCID: PMC4589801 DOI: 10.1016/j.mex.2015.08.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2015] [Accepted: 08/26/2015] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Extracellular, membrane vesicles (microvesicles, exosomes) are secreted by cells and may serve as mediators of intercellular communication. Methods for detecting them by flow cytometry have included the use of agents that fluorescently stain vesicle membrane, or fluorescent antibodies that target specific cell-of-origin antigens. However, these methods may falsely detect cell debris or require prior cell-of-origin knowledge. Here, we demonstrate the suitability of calcein AM for detection of intact extracellular vesicles (EVs) by flow cytometry.Calcein AM is non-fluorescent until it passively enters EVs, after which it is activated and becomes fluorescent and EV-impermeant. Permeabilized/lysed EVs label positive with antibodies and lipophilic membrane stain, whereas no labeling was observed with calcein. In contrast to methods that use antibodies or membrane stains, calcein AM allows for the differentiation between intact EVs and debris. Calcein AM can be used for detection of intact EVs from numerous cell types.
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Affiliation(s)
- Warren D Gray
- Division of Cardiology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, United States ; Atlanta Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Decatur, GA, United States
| | - Adam J Mitchell
- Division of Cardiology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, United States ; Atlanta Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Decatur, GA, United States
| | - Charles D Searles
- Division of Cardiology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, United States ; Atlanta Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Decatur, GA, United States
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Deleu M, Crowet JM, Nasir MN, Lins L. Complementary biophysical tools to investigate lipid specificity in the interaction between bioactive molecules and the plasma membrane: A review. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-BIOMEMBRANES 2014; 1838:3171-3190. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamem.2014.08.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 102] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2014] [Revised: 08/05/2014] [Accepted: 08/21/2014] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
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Kogan M, Feng B, Nordén B, Rocha S, Beke-Somfai T. Shear-induced membrane fusion in viscous solutions. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2014; 30:4875-4878. [PMID: 24758573 DOI: 10.1021/la404857r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Large unilamellar lipid vesicles do not normally fuse under fluid shear stress. They might deform and open pores to relax the tension to which they are exposed, but membrane fusion occurring solely due to shear stress has not yet been reported. We present evidence that shear forces in a viscous solution can induce lipid bilayer fusion. The fusion of 1,2-dioleoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine (DOPC) liposomes is observed in Couette flow with shear rates above 3000 s(-1) provided that the medium is viscous enough. Liposome samples, prepared at different viscosities using a 0-50 wt % range of sucrose concentration, were studied by dynamic light scattering, lipid fusion assays using Förster resonance energy transfer (FRET), and linear dichroism (LD) spectroscopy. Liposomes in solutions with 40 wt % (or more) sucrose showed lipid fusion under shear forces. These results support the hypothesis that under suitable conditions lipid membranes may fuse in response to mechanical-force-induced stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maxim Kogan
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Physical Chemistry, Chalmers University of Technology , SE-412 96 Gothenburg, Sweden
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15
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Gupta K, Jang H, Harlen K, Puri A, Nussinov R, Schneider JP, Blumenthal R. Mechanism of membrane permeation induced by synthetic β-hairpin peptides. Biophys J 2013; 105:2093-103. [PMID: 24209854 PMCID: PMC3824417 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpj.2013.09.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2013] [Revised: 09/23/2013] [Accepted: 09/26/2013] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
We have investigated the membrane destabilizing properties of synthetic amphiphilic cationic peptides, MAX1 and MAX35, which have the propensity to form β-hairpin structures under certain conditions, and a control non-β-hairpin-forming peptide MAX8V16E. All three peptides bind to liposomes containing a mixture of zwitterionic POPC and negatively charged POPS lipids as determined by Zeta potential measurements. Circular dichroism measurements indicated folding of MAX1 and MAX35 in the presence of the POPC/POPS liposomes, whereas no such folding was observed with MAX8V16E. There was no binding or folding of these peptides to liposomes containing only POPC. MAX1 and MAX35 induced release of contents from negatively charged liposomes, whereas MAX8V16E failed to promote solute release under identical conditions. Thus, MAX1 and MAX35 bind to, and fold at the surface of negatively charged liposomes adopting a lytic conformation. We ruled out leaky fusion as a mechanism of release by including 2 mol % PEG-PE in the liposomes, which inhibits aggregation/fusion but not folding of MAX or MAX-induced leakage. Using a concentration-dependent quenching probe (calcein), we determined that MAX-induced leakage of liposome contents was an all-or-none process. At MAX1 concentrations, which cause release of ~50% of the liposomes that contain small (R(h) <1.5 nm) markers, only ~15% of those liposomes release a fluorescent dextran of 40 kDa. A multimeric model of the pore is presented based on these results. Atomistic molecular dynamics simulations show that barrels consisting of 10 β-hairpin MAX1 and MAX35 peptides are relatively more stable than MAX8V16E barrels in the bilayer, suggesting that barrels of this size are responsible for the peptides lytic action.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kshitij Gupta
- Basic Research Laboratory, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Frederick, Maryland
| | - Hyunbum Jang
- Basic Science Program, SAIC-Frederick, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Frederick, Maryland
| | - Kevin Harlen
- Peptide Design and Materials Section, Chemical Biology Laboratory, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Frederick, Maryland
| | - Anu Puri
- Basic Research Laboratory, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Frederick, Maryland
| | - Ruth Nussinov
- Basic Science Program, SAIC-Frederick, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Frederick, Maryland
| | - Joel P. Schneider
- Peptide Design and Materials Section, Chemical Biology Laboratory, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Frederick, Maryland
| | - Robert Blumenthal
- Basic Research Laboratory, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Frederick, Maryland
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Zhao H, Lappalainen P. A simple guide to biochemical approaches for analyzing protein-lipid interactions. Mol Biol Cell 2013; 23:2823-30. [PMID: 22848065 PMCID: PMC3408410 DOI: 10.1091/mbc.e11-07-0645] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Eukaryotic cells contain many different membrane compartments with characteristic shapes, lipid compositions, and dynamics. A large fraction of cytoplasmic proteins associate with these membrane compartments. Such protein–lipid interactions, which regulate the subcellular localizations and activities of peripheral membrane proteins, are fundamentally important for a variety of cell biological processes ranging from cytoskeletal dynamics and membrane trafficking to intracellular signaling. Reciprocally, many membrane-associated proteins can modulate the shape, lipid composition, and dynamics of cellular membranes. Determining the exact mechanisms by which these proteins interact with membranes will be essential to understanding their biological functions. In this Technical Perspective, we provide a brief introduction to selected biochemical methods that can be applied to study protein–lipid interactions. We also discuss how important it is to choose proper lipid composition, type of model membrane, and biochemical assay to obtain reliable and informative data from the lipid-interaction mechanism of a protein of interest.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongxia Zhao
- Institute of Biotechnology, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.
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17
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Lu T, Wang Z, Ma Y, Zhang Y, Chen T. Influence of polymer size, liposomal composition, surface charge, and temperature on the permeability of pH-sensitive liposomes containing lipid-anchored poly(2-ethylacrylic acid). Int J Nanomedicine 2012; 7:4917-26. [PMID: 23028220 PMCID: PMC3446840 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s35576] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Liposomes containing pH-sensitive polymers are promising candidates for the treatment of tumors and localized infection. This study aimed to identify parameters influencing the extent of contents release from poly(ethylacrylic acid) (PEAA) vesicles, focusing on the effects of polymer size, lipid composition, vesicle surface charge, and temperature. Methods Anchored lipid pH-sensitive PEAA was synthesized using PEAA with a molecular weight of 8.4 kDa. PEAA vesicles were prepared by insertion of the lipid-anchored PEAA into preformed large unilamellar vesicles. The preformed liposomes were manipulated by varying the phosphocholine and cholesterol content, and by adding negative or positive charges to the liposomes. A calcein release assay was used to evaluate the effects of polymer size, liposome composition, surface charge, and temperature on liposomal permeability. Results The release efficiency of the calcein-entrapped vesicles was found to be dependent on the PEAA polymer size. PEAA vesicles containing a phosphatidylcholine to cholesterol ratio of 60:40 (mol/mol) released more than 80% of their calcein content when the molecular weight of PEAA was larger than 8.4 kDa. Therefore, the same-sized polymer of 8.4 kDa was used for the rest of study. The calcein release potential was found to decrease as the percentage of cholesterol increased and with an increase in the phosphocholine acyl chain length (DMPC DPPC DSPC). Negatively charged and neutral vesicles released similar amounts of calcein, whereas positively charged liposomes released a significant amount of their contents. pH-sensitive release was dependent on temperature. Dramatic content release was observed at higher temperatures. Conclusion The observed synergistic effect of pH and temperature on release of the contents of PEAA vesicles suggests that this pH-sensitive liposome might be a good candidate for intracellular drug delivery in the treatment of tumors or localized infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tingli Lu
- Key Laboratory for Space Bioscience and Biotechnology, School of Life Science, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, China.
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Sinthuvanich C, Veiga AS, Gupta K, Gaspar D, Blumenthal R, Schneider JP. Anticancer β-hairpin peptides: membrane-induced folding triggers activity. J Am Chem Soc 2012; 134:6210-7. [PMID: 22413859 DOI: 10.1021/ja210569f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 139] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Several cationic antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) have recently been shown to display anticancer activity via a mechanism that usually entails the disruption of cancer cell membranes. In this work, we designed an 18-residue anticancer peptide, SVS-1, whose mechanism of action is designed to take advantage of the aberrant lipid composition presented on the outer leaflet of cancer cell membranes, which makes the surface of these cells electronegative relative to the surface of noncancerous cells. SVS-1 is designed to remain unfolded and inactive in aqueous solution but to preferentially fold at the surface of cancer cells, adopting an amphiphilic β-hairpin structure capable of membrane disruption. Membrane-induced folding is driven by electrostatic interaction between the peptide and the negatively charged membrane surface of cancer cells. SVS-1 is active against a variety of cancer cell lines such as A549 (lung carcinoma), KB (epidermal carcinoma), MCF-7 (breast carcinoma), and MDA-MB-436 (breast carcinoma). However, the cytotoxicity toward noncancerous cells having typical membrane compositions, such as HUVEC and erythrocytes, is low. CD spectroscopy, appropriately designed peptide controls, cell-based studies, liposome leakage assays, and electron microscopy support the intended mechanism of action, which leads to preferential killing of cancerous cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chomdao Sinthuvanich
- Chemical Biology Laboratory, National Cancer Institute, Frederick, Maryland 21702, USA
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Bonicelli MG, Giansanti L, Ierino M, Mancini G. Interaction of cationic liposomes with cell membrane models. J Colloid Interface Sci 2011; 355:1-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2010.12.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2010] [Revised: 11/30/2010] [Accepted: 12/01/2010] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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