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Brender JR, Saida Y, Devasahayam N, Krishna MC, Kishimoto S. Hypoxia Imaging As a Guide for Hypoxia-Modulated and Hypoxia-Activated Therapy. Antioxid Redox Signal 2022; 36:144-159. [PMID: 34428981 PMCID: PMC8856011 DOI: 10.1089/ars.2021.0176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2021] [Accepted: 08/16/2021] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Significance: Oxygen imaging techniques, which can probe the spatiotemporal heterogeneity of tumor oxygenation, could be of significant clinical utility in radiation treatment planning and in evaluating the effectiveness of hypoxia-activated prodrugs. To fulfill these goals, oxygen imaging techniques should be noninvasive, quantitative, and capable of serial imaging, as well as having sufficient temporal resolution to detect the dynamics of tumor oxygenation to distinguish regions of chronic and acute hypoxia. Recent Advances: No current technique meets all these requirements, although all have strengths in certain areas. The current status of positron emission tomography (PET)-based hypoxia imaging, oxygen-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), 19F MRI, and electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) oximetry are reviewed along with their strengths and weaknesses for planning hypoxia-guided, intensity-modulated radiation therapy and detecting treatment response for hypoxia-targeted prodrugs. Critical Issues: Spatial and temporal resolution emerges as a major concern for these areas along with specificity and quantitative response. Although multiple oxygen imaging techniques have reached the investigative stage, clinical trials to test the therapeutic effectiveness of hypoxia imaging have been limited. Future Directions: Imaging elements of the redox environment besides oxygen by EPR and hyperpolarized MRI may have a significant impact on our understanding of the basic biology of the reactive oxygen species response and may extend treatment possibilities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeffrey R. Brender
- Radiation Biology Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National
Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Yu Saida
- Radiation Biology Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National
Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Nallathamby Devasahayam
- Radiation Biology Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National
Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Murali C. Krishna
- Radiation Biology Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National
Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Shun Kishimoto
- Radiation Biology Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National
Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
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Abstract
OBJECTIVE. Functional MRI (fMRI) is clinically used for localization of eloquent cortex before surgical intervention, most commonly motor and language function in patients with tumors or epilepsy. In the pediatric population, special considerations for fMRI relate to limited examination tolerance, small head size, developing anatomy and physiology, and diverse potential abnormalities. In this article, we will highlight pearls and pitfalls of clinical pediatric fMRI including blood oxygenation level-dependent imaging principles, patient preparation, study acquisition, data postprocessing, and examination interpretation. CONCLUSION. Clinical fMRI is indicated for presurgical localization of eloquent cortex in patients with tumors, epilepsy, or other neurologic conditions and requires a solid understanding of technical considerations and data processing. In children, special approaches are needed for patient preparation as well as study design, acquisition, and interpretation. Radiologists should be cognizant of developmental neuroanatomy, causes of neuropathology, and capacity for neuroplasticity in the pediatric population.
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Pérez-Cervera L, Caramés JM, Fernández-Mollá LM, Moreno A, Fernández B, Pérez-Montoyo E, Moratal D, Canals S, Pacheco-Torres J. Mapping Functional Connectivity in the Rodent Brain Using Electric-Stimulation fMRI. Methods Mol Biol 2018; 1718:117-134. [PMID: 29341006 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4939-7531-0_8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Since its discovery in the early 90s, BOLD signal-based functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging (fMRI) has become a fundamental technique for the study of brain activity in basic and clinical research. Functional MRI signals provide an indirect but robust and quantitative readout of brain activity through the tight coupling between cerebral blood flow and neuronal activation, the so-called neurovascular coupling. Combined with experimental techniques only available in animal models, such as intracerebral micro-stimulation, optogenetics or pharmacogenetics, provides a powerful framework to investigate the impact of specific circuit manipulations on overall brain dynamics. The purpose of this chapter is to provide a comprehensive protocol to measure brain activity using fMRI with intracerebral electric micro-stimulation in murine models. Preclinical research (especially in rodents) opens the door to very sophisticated and informative experiments, but at the same time imposes important constrains (i.e., anesthetics, translatability), some of which will be addressed here.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Pérez-Cervera
- Instituto de Neurociencias, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Universidad Miguel Hernández, Sant Joan d'Alacant, 03550, Spain
| | - José María Caramés
- Instituto de Neurociencias, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Universidad Miguel Hernández, Sant Joan d'Alacant, 03550, Spain
| | | | - Andrea Moreno
- Instituto de Neurociencias, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Universidad Miguel Hernández, Sant Joan d'Alacant, 03550, Spain
- Center for Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering, Universitat Politècnica de València, Valencia, 46022, Spain
| | - Begoña Fernández
- Instituto de Neurociencias, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Universidad Miguel Hernández, Sant Joan d'Alacant, 03550, Spain
| | - Elena Pérez-Montoyo
- Instituto de Neurociencias, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Universidad Miguel Hernández, Sant Joan d'Alacant, 03550, Spain
| | - David Moratal
- Center for Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering, Universitat Politècnica de València, Valencia, 46022, Spain
| | - Santiago Canals
- Instituto de Neurociencias, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Universidad Miguel Hernández, Sant Joan d'Alacant, 03550, Spain
| | - Jesús Pacheco-Torres
- Instituto de Neurociencias, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Universidad Miguel Hernández, Sant Joan d'Alacant, 03550, Spain.
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Zhou H, Arias-Ramos N, López-Larrubia P, Mason RP, Cerdán S, Pacheco-Torres J. Oxygenation Imaging by Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Methods. Methods Mol Biol 2018; 1718:297-313. [PMID: 29341016 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4939-7531-0_18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Oxygen monitoring is a topic of exhaustive research due to its central role in many biological processes, from energy metabolism to gene regulation. The ability to monitor in vivo the physiological distribution and the dynamics of oxygen from subcellular to macroscopic levels is a prerequisite to better understand the mechanisms associated with both normal and disease states (cancer, neurodegeneration, stroke, etc.). This chapter focuses on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) based techniques to assess oxygenation in vivo. The first methodology uses injected fluorinated agents to provide quantitative pO2 measurements with high precision and suitable spatial and temporal resolution for many applications. The second method exploits changes in endogenous contrasts, i.e., deoxyhemoglobin and oxygen molecules through measurements of T 2* and T 1, in response to an intervention to qualitatively evaluate hypoxia and its potential modulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heling Zhou
- Prognostic Imaging Research Laboratory, Department of Radiology, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Nuria Arias-Ramos
- Departament de Bioquímica i Biologia Molecular, Unitat de Bioquímica de Biociències, Edifici Cs, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Cerdanyola del Vallès, Spain
| | - Pilar López-Larrubia
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas 'Alberto Sols' C.S.I.C./U.A.M., Madrid, Spain
| | - Ralph P Mason
- Prognostic Imaging Research Laboratory, Department of Radiology, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Sebastián Cerdán
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas 'Alberto Sols' C.S.I.C./U.A.M., Madrid, Spain
| | - Jesús Pacheco-Torres
- Instituto de Neurociencias, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Universidad Miguel Hernández, San Juan de Alicante, Alicante, Spain.
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Ouyang Y, Judenhofer MS, Walton JH, Marik J, Williams SP, Cherry SR. Simultaneous PET/MRI Imaging During Mouse Cerebral Hypoxia-ischemia. J Vis Exp 2015. [PMID: 26437227 DOI: 10.3791/52728] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Dynamic changes in tissue water diffusion and glucose metabolism occur during and after hypoxia in cerebral hypoxia-ischemia reflecting a bioenergetics disturbance in affected cells. Diffusion weighted magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) identifies regions that are damaged, potentially irreversibly, by hypoxia-ischemia. Alterations in glucose utilization in the affected tissue may be detectable by positron emission tomography (PET) imaging of 2-deoxy-2-(18F)fluoro-ᴅ-glucose ([18F]FDG) uptake. Due to the rapid and variable nature of injury in this animal model, acquisition of both modes of data must be performed simultaneously in order to meaningfully correlate PET and MRI data. In addition, inter-animal variability in the hypoxic-ischemic injury due to vascular differences limits the ability to analyze multi-modal data and observe changes to a group-wise approach if data is not acquired simultaneously in individual subjects. The method presented here allows one to acquire both diffusion-weighted MRI and [18F]FDG uptake data in the same animal before, during, and after the hypoxic challenge in order to interrogate immediate physiological changes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Ouyang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of California, Davis;
| | | | - Jeffrey H Walton
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of California, Davis; Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Facility, University of California, Davis
| | | | | | - Simon R Cherry
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of California, Davis; Department of Radiology, University of California, Davis
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Yamamoto N, Terasawa Y, Satomi J, Morigaki R, Fujita K, Harada M, Izumi Y, Nagahiro S, Kaji R. Reversibility of ischemic findings on 3-tesla magnetic resonance T2(*)-weighted image after recanalization. THE JOURNAL OF MEDICAL INVESTIGATION 2014; 61:190-6. [PMID: 24705765 DOI: 10.2152/jmi.61.190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
Abstract
Ischemic vessel signs (IVS) can be detected on 3-tesla T2(*)-weighted magnetic resonance images as a vessel enlargement at the territory of acute ischemia caused by major vessel occlusion or stenosis. Here, we studied changes in IVS before and after recanalization by the administration of intravenous recombinant tissue plasminogen activator (IV rtPA), carotid artery stenting or percutaneous transluminal angioplasty in patients with major vessel occlusion or stenosis. We performed magnetic resonance imaging for all patients treated by IV rtPA at the time of admission, shortly after and 24-72 hours after treatment with IV rtPA. We reviewed the IVS to assess its natural course of IVS by assessing patients who did not recanalize. IVS tended to disappear after recanalization. Conversely, in patients without recanalization, IVS did not disappear shortly after IV rtPA; rather, it disappeared 24-72 hours after IV rtPA, especially in the presence of complete infarction. Recanalization by IV rtPA or endovascular treatment contributed to improved clinical deficits or the prevention from further progression. IVS can be a parameter of misery perfusion and an important factor to detect the patients who have an indication of treatment for recanalization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nobuaki Yamamoto
- Department of Neurology, Institute of Health Biosciences, the University of Tokushima Graduate School
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Yamamoto N, Terasawa Y, Satomi J, Morigaki R, Fujita K, Harada M, Izumi Y, Nagahiro S, Kaji R. <b>Reversibility of ischemic findings on 3-tesla magnetic resonance T2<sup>*</sup>-weighted image after recanalization</b>. THE JOURNAL OF MEDICAL INVESTIGATION 2000. [DOI: 10.2152/jmi.40.190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Nobuaki Yamamoto
- Department of Neurology, Institute of Health Biosciences, the University of Tokushima Graduate School
| | - Yuka Terasawa
- Department of Neurology, Institute of Health Biosciences, the University of Tokushima Graduate School
| | - Junichiro Satomi
- Department of Neurosurgery Institute of Health Department of Neurosurgery, Institute of Health Biosciences, the University of Tokushima Graduate School
| | - Ryoma Morigaki
- Department of Neurosurgery Institute of Health Department of Neurosurgery, Institute of Health Biosciences, the University of Tokushima Graduate School
| | - Koji Fujita
- Department of Neurology, Institute of Health Biosciences, the University of Tokushima Graduate School
| | - Masafumi Harada
- Department of Radiology, Institute of Health Biosciences, the University of Tokushima Graduate School
| | - Yuishin Izumi
- Department of Neurology, Institute of Health Biosciences, the University of Tokushima Graduate School
| | - Shinji Nagahiro
- Department of Neurosurgery Institute of Health Department of Neurosurgery, Institute of Health Biosciences, the University of Tokushima Graduate School
| | - Ryuji Kaji
- Department of Neurology, Institute of Health Biosciences, the University of Tokushima Graduate School
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