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Ifediba M, Baetz N, Lambert L, Benzon H, Page V, Anderson N, Roth S, Miess J, Nicolosi I, Beck S, Sopko N, Garrett C. Characterization of heterogeneous skin constructs for full thickness skin regeneration in murine wound models. Tissue Cell 2024; 88:102403. [PMID: 38728948 DOI: 10.1016/j.tice.2024.102403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2024] [Revised: 04/30/2024] [Accepted: 05/03/2024] [Indexed: 05/12/2024]
Abstract
An autologous heterogeneous skin construct (AHSC) has been developed and used clinically as an alternative to traditional skin grafting techniques for treatment of cutaneous defects. AHSC is manufactured from a small piece of healthy skin in a manner that preserves endogenous regenerative cellular populations. To date however, specific cellular and non-cellular contributions of AHSC to the epidermal and dermal layers of closed wounds have not been well characterized given limited clinical opportunity for graft biopsy following wound closure. To address this limitation, a three-part mouse full-thickness excisional wound model was developed for histologic and macroscopic graft tracing. First, fluorescent mouse-derived AHSC (mHSC) was allografted onto non-fluorescent recipient mice to enable macroscopic and histologic time course evaluation of wound closure. Next, mHSC-derived from haired pigmented mice was allografted onto gender- and major histocompatibility complex (MHC)-mismatched athymic nude mouse recipients. Resulting grafts were distinguished from recipient murine skin via immunohistochemistry. Finally, human-derived AHSC (hHSC) was xenografted onto athymic nude mice to evaluate engraftment and hHSC contribution to wound closure. Experiments demonstrated that mHSC and hHSC facilitated wound closure through production of viable, proliferative cellular material and promoted full-thickness skin regeneration, including hair follicles and glands in dermal compartments. This combined macroscopic and histologic approach to tracing AHSC-treated wounds from engraftment to closure enabled robust profiling of regenerated architecture and further understanding of processes underlying AHSC mechanism of action. These models may be applied to a variety of wound care investigations, including those requiring longitudinal assessments of healing and targeted identification of donor and recipient tissue contributions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marytheresa Ifediba
- Department of Research and Development, PolarityTE MD, Inc. Salt Lake City, UT 84104, USA
| | - Nicholas Baetz
- Department of Research and Development, PolarityTE MD, Inc. Salt Lake City, UT 84104, USA
| | - Lyssa Lambert
- Department of Research and Development, PolarityTE MD, Inc. Salt Lake City, UT 84104, USA
| | - Haley Benzon
- Department of Research and Development, PolarityTE MD, Inc. Salt Lake City, UT 84104, USA
| | - Vonda Page
- Department of Research and Development, PolarityTE MD, Inc. Salt Lake City, UT 84104, USA
| | - Nicole Anderson
- Department of Research and Development, PolarityTE MD, Inc. Salt Lake City, UT 84104, USA
| | - Stephanie Roth
- Department of Research and Development, PolarityTE MD, Inc. Salt Lake City, UT 84104, USA
| | - James Miess
- Department of Research and Development, PolarityTE MD, Inc. Salt Lake City, UT 84104, USA
| | - Ian Nicolosi
- Department of Research and Development, PolarityTE MD, Inc. Salt Lake City, UT 84104, USA
| | - Sarah Beck
- Department of Molecular and Comparative Pathobiology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Nikolai Sopko
- Department of Research and Development, PolarityTE MD, Inc. Salt Lake City, UT 84104, USA.
| | - Caroline Garrett
- Department of Research and Development, PolarityTE MD, Inc. Salt Lake City, UT 84104, USA
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Später T, Kaneda G, Chavez M, Sheyn J, Wechsler J, Yu V, Del Rio P, Huang D, Metzger M, Tawackoli W, Sheyn D. Retention of Human iPSC-Derived or Primary Cells Following Xenotransplantation into Rat Immune-Privileged Sites. Bioengineering (Basel) 2023; 10:1049. [PMID: 37760151 PMCID: PMC10525500 DOI: 10.3390/bioengineering10091049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2023] [Revised: 08/18/2023] [Accepted: 08/29/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
In regenerative medicine, experimental animal models are commonly used to study potential effects of human cells as therapeutic candidates. Although some studies describe certain cells, such as mesenchymal stromal cells (MSC) or human primary cells, as hypoimmunogenic and therefore unable to trigger strong inflammatory host responses, other studies report antibody formation and immune rejection following xenotransplantation. Accordingly, the goal of our study was to test the cellular retention and survival of human-induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSCs)-derived MSCs (iMSCs) and primary nucleus pulposus cells (NPCs) following their xenotransplantation into immune-privileged knee joints (14 days) and intervertebral discs (IVD; 7 days) of immunocompromised Nude and immunocompetent Sprague Dawley (SD) rats. At the end of both experiments, we could demonstrate that both rat types revealed comparably low levels of systemic IL-6 and IgM inflammation markers, as assessed via ELISA. Furthermore, the number of recovered cells was with no significant difference between both rat types. Conclusively, our results show that xenogeneic injection of human iMSC and NPC into immunoprivileged knee and IVD sites did not lead to an elevated inflammatory response in immunocompetent rats when compared to immunocompromised rats. Hence, immunocompetent rats represent suitable animals for xenotransplantation studies targeting immunoprivileged sites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Später
- Orthopaedic Stem Cell Research Laboratory, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA; (T.S.); (G.K.); (M.C.); (J.S.); (J.W.); (V.Y.); (P.D.R.); (W.T.)
- Board of Governors Regenerative Medicine Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA
| | - Giselle Kaneda
- Orthopaedic Stem Cell Research Laboratory, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA; (T.S.); (G.K.); (M.C.); (J.S.); (J.W.); (V.Y.); (P.D.R.); (W.T.)
- Board of Governors Regenerative Medicine Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA
| | - Melissa Chavez
- Orthopaedic Stem Cell Research Laboratory, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA; (T.S.); (G.K.); (M.C.); (J.S.); (J.W.); (V.Y.); (P.D.R.); (W.T.)
- Board of Governors Regenerative Medicine Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA
| | - Julia Sheyn
- Orthopaedic Stem Cell Research Laboratory, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA; (T.S.); (G.K.); (M.C.); (J.S.); (J.W.); (V.Y.); (P.D.R.); (W.T.)
- Board of Governors Regenerative Medicine Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA
| | - Jacob Wechsler
- Orthopaedic Stem Cell Research Laboratory, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA; (T.S.); (G.K.); (M.C.); (J.S.); (J.W.); (V.Y.); (P.D.R.); (W.T.)
- Board of Governors Regenerative Medicine Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA
| | - Victoria Yu
- Orthopaedic Stem Cell Research Laboratory, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA; (T.S.); (G.K.); (M.C.); (J.S.); (J.W.); (V.Y.); (P.D.R.); (W.T.)
- Board of Governors Regenerative Medicine Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA
| | - Patricia Del Rio
- Orthopaedic Stem Cell Research Laboratory, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA; (T.S.); (G.K.); (M.C.); (J.S.); (J.W.); (V.Y.); (P.D.R.); (W.T.)
- Board of Governors Regenerative Medicine Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA
| | - Dave Huang
- Orthopedics Biomechanics Laboratory, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA; (D.H.); (M.M.)
- Department of Orthopedics, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA
| | - Melodie Metzger
- Orthopedics Biomechanics Laboratory, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA; (D.H.); (M.M.)
- Department of Orthopedics, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA
| | - Wafa Tawackoli
- Orthopaedic Stem Cell Research Laboratory, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA; (T.S.); (G.K.); (M.C.); (J.S.); (J.W.); (V.Y.); (P.D.R.); (W.T.)
- Board of Governors Regenerative Medicine Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA
- Department of Orthopedics, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA
- Department of Surgery, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA
| | - Dmitriy Sheyn
- Orthopaedic Stem Cell Research Laboratory, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA; (T.S.); (G.K.); (M.C.); (J.S.); (J.W.); (V.Y.); (P.D.R.); (W.T.)
- Board of Governors Regenerative Medicine Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA
- Department of Orthopedics, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA
- Department of Surgery, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA
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Martínez-Falguera D, Iborra-Egea O, Gálvez-Montón C. iPSC Therapy for Myocardial Infarction in Large Animal Models: Land of Hope and Dreams. Biomedicines 2021; 9:1836. [PMID: 34944652 PMCID: PMC8698445 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines9121836] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2021] [Revised: 11/30/2021] [Accepted: 12/01/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Myocardial infarction is the main driver of heart failure due to ischemia and subsequent cell death, and cell-based strategies have emerged as promising therapeutic methods to replace dead tissue in cardiovascular diseases. Research in this field has been dramatically advanced by the development of laboratory-induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) that harbor the capability to become any cell type. Like other experimental strategies, stem cell therapy must meet multiple requirements before reaching the clinical trial phase, and in vivo models are indispensable for ensuring the safety of such novel therapies. Specifically, translational studies in large animal models are necessary to fully evaluate the therapeutic potential of this approach; to empirically determine the optimal combination of cell types, supplementary factors, and delivery methods to maximize efficacy; and to stringently assess safety. In the present review, we summarize the main strategies employed to generate iPSCs and differentiate them into cardiomyocytes in large animal species; the most critical differences between using small versus large animal models for cardiovascular studies; and the strategies that have been pursued regarding implanted cells' stage of differentiation, origin, and technical application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daina Martínez-Falguera
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Barcelona (UB), 08036 Barcelona, Spain;
- ICREC Research Program, Germans Trias i Pujol Health Research Institute, Can Ruti Campus, 08916 Badalona, Spain;
- Heart Institute (iCor), Germans Trias i Pujol University Hospital, 08916 Badalona, Spain
| | - Oriol Iborra-Egea
- ICREC Research Program, Germans Trias i Pujol Health Research Institute, Can Ruti Campus, 08916 Badalona, Spain;
- Heart Institute (iCor), Germans Trias i Pujol University Hospital, 08916 Badalona, Spain
| | - Carolina Gálvez-Montón
- ICREC Research Program, Germans Trias i Pujol Health Research Institute, Can Ruti Campus, 08916 Badalona, Spain;
- Heart Institute (iCor), Germans Trias i Pujol University Hospital, 08916 Badalona, Spain
- CIBERCV, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Institut d’Investigació Biomèdica de Bellvitge-IDIBELL, L’Hospitalet de Llobregat, 08908 Barcelona, Spain
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Lu T, Yang B, Wang R, Qin C. Xenotransplantation: Current Status in Preclinical Research. Front Immunol 2020; 10:3060. [PMID: 32038617 PMCID: PMC6989439 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2019.03060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 116] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2019] [Accepted: 12/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The increasing life expectancy of humans has led to a growing numbers of patients with chronic diseases and end-stage organ failure. Transplantation is an effective approach for the treatment of end-stage organ failure; however, the imbalance between organ supply and the demand for human organs is a bottleneck for clinical transplantation. Therefore, xenotransplantation might be a promising alternative approach to bridge the gap between the supply and demand of organs, tissues, and cells; however, immunological barriers are limiting factors in clinical xenotransplantation. Thanks to advances in gene-editing tools and immunosuppressive therapy as well as the prolonged xenograft survival time in pig-to-non-human primate models, clinical xenotransplantation has become more viable. In this review, we focus on the evolution and current status of xenotransplantation research, including our current understanding of the immunological mechanisms involved in xenograft rejection, genetically modified pigs used for xenotransplantation, and progress that has been made in developing pig-to-pig-to-non-human primate models. Three main types of rejection can occur after xenotransplantation, which we discuss in detail: (1) hyperacute xenograft rejection, (2) acute humoral xenograft rejection, and (3) acute cellular rejection. Furthermore, in studies on immunological rejection, genetically modified pigs have been generated to bridge cross-species molecular incompatibilities; in the last decade, most advances made in the field of xenotransplantation have resulted from the production of genetically engineered pigs; accordingly, we summarize the genetically modified pigs that are currently available for xenotransplantation. Next, we summarize the longest survival time of solid organs in preclinical models in recent years, including heart, liver, kidney, and lung xenotransplantation. Overall, we conclude that recent achievements and the accumulation of experience in xenotransplantation mean that the first-in-human clinical trial could be possible in the near future. Furthermore, we hope that xenotransplantation and various approaches will be able to collectively solve the problem of human organ shortage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianyu Lu
- Institute of Laboratory Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Comparative Medicine Center, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China.,NHC Key Laboratory of Human Disease Comparative Medicine, The Institute of Laboratory Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China.,Beijing Engineering Research Center for Experimental Animal Models of Human Critical Diseases, Beijing, China
| | - Bochao Yang
- Institute of Laboratory Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Comparative Medicine Center, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China.,NHC Key Laboratory of Human Disease Comparative Medicine, The Institute of Laboratory Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China.,Beijing Engineering Research Center for Experimental Animal Models of Human Critical Diseases, Beijing, China
| | - Ruolin Wang
- Institute of Laboratory Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Comparative Medicine Center, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China.,NHC Key Laboratory of Human Disease Comparative Medicine, The Institute of Laboratory Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China.,Beijing Engineering Research Center for Experimental Animal Models of Human Critical Diseases, Beijing, China
| | - Chuan Qin
- Institute of Laboratory Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Comparative Medicine Center, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China.,NHC Key Laboratory of Human Disease Comparative Medicine, The Institute of Laboratory Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China.,Beijing Engineering Research Center for Experimental Animal Models of Human Critical Diseases, Beijing, China
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Özçay N, Özdemir H. A Novel Model of Mouse-to-Rat Kidney Xenotransplantation. Transplant Proc 2017; 49:2204-2208. [PMID: 29149983 DOI: 10.1016/j.transproceed.2017.09.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2017] [Revised: 08/25/2017] [Accepted: 09/23/2017] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Transplantation animal models require 2 animals for each experiment, 1 as a donor and 1 as a recipient. At the present time, developing microsurgical instruments and refining surgical techniques should allow us to reduce the number of animal used for transplantation research. In this study, we aimed to harvest 2 kidneys from 1 donor to be able to minimize the number of animals needed for transplantation studies. For this purpose, we developed a kidney xenotransplantation model from mouse to rat, in which only 1 animal was used as the donor for 2 kidney recipients. Ten male Balb/c mice weighing from 25 to 30 g were used as donors, and 20 male Sprague-Dawley rats weighing from 150 to 200 g were used as recipients. In this study, the harvesting of 2 kidneys from a mouse as well as the recipient operation were described with technical detail. Although harvesting 2 kidneys from a mouse and mouse-to-rat kidney xenotransplantation is a highly challenging microsurgical procedure, we believe that every experienced surgeon should be capable of performing this surgery with some practice. This model allows us to reduce the number of animals in transplantation studies without compromising the graft quality. We strongly recommend our refined harvesting technique to researchers, particularly in terms of animal rights.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Özçay
- Near East University, Department of General Surgery, Nicosia, Cyprus.
| | - H Özdemir
- Başkent University, Department of Pathology, Ankara, Turkey
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Chen H, Zhang Y, Zheng D, Praseedom RK, Dong J. Orthotopic kidney transplantation in mice: technique using cuff for renal vein anastomosis. PLoS One 2013; 8:e77278. [PMID: 24155935 PMCID: PMC3796481 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0077278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2013] [Accepted: 09/01/2013] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Mouse renal transplantation is a technically challenging procedure. Although the first kidney transplants in mice were performed over 34 years ago and refined some years later, the classical techniques of mouse renal transplantation required clamping both vena cava and aorta simultaneously and carry out suture anastomoses of the renal artery and vein in a heterotopic position. In our laboratory, we have successfully developed mouse orthotopic kidney transplantation for the first time, using a rapid "cuffed" renal vein technique for vessel anastomosis, wherein the donor's renal vein was inserted through an intravenous catheter, folded back and tied. During grafting, the cuffed renal vein was directly inserted into the recipient's renal vein without the need for the clamping vena cava and suturing of renal vein. This technique allowed for the exact transplantation of the kidney into the original position, compared to the classical technique, and has significantly shortened the clamping time due to a quicker and precise anastomosis of renal vein as described. This also allowed for a quicker recovery of the lower extremity activity, reduction in myoglobinuria with resultant kidney graft survival of 88.9%. Thus we believe that the cuffed renal vein technique simplifies microvascular anastomoses and affords important additional benefits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Chen
- Hospital & Institute of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
- Department of Cardiology, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, United States of America
- Key Laboratory of Combined Multiorgan Transplantation, First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- * E-mail:
| | - Ying Zhang
- Department of Microbiology, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Donghang Zheng
- Department of Cardiology, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, United States of America
| | - Raaj Kumar Praseedom
- Department of HPB-Transplant Surgery, NIHR Comprehensive Biomedical Campus, Addenbrookes Hospital, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Jiahong Dong
- Hospital & Institute of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
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