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Robledo SM, Pérez-Silanes S, Fernández-Rubio C, Poveda A, Monzote L, González VM, Alonso-Collado P, Carrión J. Neglected Zoonotic Diseases: Advances in the Development of Cell-Penetrating and Antimicrobial Peptides against Leishmaniosis and Chagas Disease. Pathogens 2023; 12:939. [PMID: 37513786 PMCID: PMC10383258 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens12070939] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2023] [Revised: 07/12/2023] [Accepted: 07/12/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
In 2020, the WHO established the road map for neglected tropical diseases 2021-2030, which aims to control and eradicate 20 diseases, including leishmaniosis and Chagas disease. In addition, since 2015, the WHO has been developing a Global Action Plan on Antimicrobial Resistance. In this context, the achievement of innovative strategies as an alternative to replace conventional therapies is a first-order socio-sanitary priority, especially regarding endemic zoonoses in poor regions, such as those caused by Trypanosoma cruzi and Leishmania spp. infections. In this scenario, it is worth highlighting a group of natural peptide molecules (AMPs and CPPs) that are promising strategies for improving therapeutic efficacy against these neglected zoonoses, as they avoid the development of toxicity and resistance of conventional treatments. This review presents the novelties of these peptide molecules and their ability to cross a whole system of cell membranes as well as stimulate host immune defenses or even serve as vectors of molecules. The efforts of the biotechnological sector will make it possible to overcome the limitations of antimicrobial peptides through encapsulation and functionalization methods to obtain approval for these treatments to be used in clinical programs for the eradication of leishmaniosis and Chagas disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara M Robledo
- Programa de Estudio y Control de Enfermedades Tropicales PECET, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Antioquia, Medellín 050010, Colombia
| | - Silvia Pérez-Silanes
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology and Chemistry, ISTUN Instituto de Salud Tropical, IdiSNA, Universidad de Navarra, 31008 Pamplona, Spain
| | - Celia Fernández-Rubio
- Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, ISTUN Instituto de Salud Tropical, IdiSNA, Universidad de Navarra, 31008 Pamplona, Spain
| | - Ana Poveda
- DNA Replication and Genome Instability Unit, Grupo de Investigación en Biodiversidad, Zoonosis y Salud Pública (GIBCIZ), Instituto de Investigación en Zoonosis-CIZ, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Central del Ecuador, Quito 170521, Ecuador
| | - Lianet Monzote
- Department of Parasitology, Institute of Tropical Medicine "Pedro Kourí", Apartado Postal No. 601, Marianao 13, La Habana 10400, Cuba
| | - Víctor M González
- Grupo de Aptámeros, Departamento de Bioquímica-Investigación, IRYCIS-Hospital Universitario Ramón y Cajal, Carretera de Colmenar Viejo Km. 9.100, 28034 Madrid, Spain
| | - Paloma Alonso-Collado
- Department of Animal Health, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Complutense University of Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Javier Carrión
- Department of Animal Health, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Complutense University of Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain
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In Vivo Bioluminescent Monitoring of Parasites in BALB/c Mouse Models of Cutaneous Leishmaniasis Drug Discovery. Methods Mol Biol 2020; 2081:81-106. [PMID: 31721120 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4939-9940-8_7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Confirming the in vivo efficacy of potential antileishmanial compounds that display in vitro potency and good chemical characteristics is one of the most important steps in preclinical research drug discovery before human clinical trials begin. Here we describe the use of the in vivo bioluminescent monitoring of high and low inocula of luciferase-expressing Leishmania major (L. major) parasites in traditional and more innovative rodent models of in vivo cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) drug discovery.
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Experimental Cutaneous Leishmaniasis: Mouse Models for Resolution of Inflammation Versus Chronicity of Disease. Methods Mol Biol 2019; 1971:315-349. [PMID: 30980313 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4939-9210-2_18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Experimental cutaneous leishmaniasis of mice is a valuable model to study the immune response to the protozoan pathogen Leishmania and to define mechanisms of parasite control and resolution of inflammation as well as of parasite evasion and chronicity of disease. In addition, over many years Leishmania-infected mice have been successfully used to analyze the function of newly discovered immune cell types, transcription factors, cytokines, and effector mechanisms in vivo. In this chapter we present detailed protocols for the culture, propagation, and inoculation of Leishmania promastigotes, the monitoring of the course of cutaneous infection, the determination of the tissue parasite burden and for the phenotyping of the ensuing immune response. The focus lies on the L. major mouse model, but an overview on other established models of murine cutaneous leishmaniasis is also provided.
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Fischer MR, Kunz C, Dietze-Schwonberg K, Lorenz B, von Stebut E. Myeloid cells do not contribute to gender-dependent differences in disease outcome in murine cutaneous leishmaniasis. Cell Immunol 2016; 308:13-18. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cellimm.2016.07.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2015] [Revised: 06/07/2016] [Accepted: 07/13/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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Forestier CL, Späth GF, Prina E, Dasari S. Simultaneous multi-parametric analysis of Leishmania and of its hosting mammal cells: A high content imaging-based method enabling sound drug discovery process. Microb Pathog 2014; 88:103-8. [PMID: 25448129 DOI: 10.1016/j.micpath.2014.10.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2014] [Revised: 08/18/2014] [Accepted: 10/21/2014] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Leishmaniasis is a vector-borne disease for which only limited therapeutic options are available. The disease is ranked among the six most important tropical infectious diseases and represents the second-largest parasitic killer in the world. The development of new therapies has been hampered by the lack of technologies and methodologies that can be integrated into the complex physiological environment of a cell or organism and adapted to suitable in vitro and in vivo Leishmania models. Recent advances in microscopy imaging offer the possibility to assess the efficacy of potential drug candidates against Leishmania within host cells. This technology allows the simultaneous visualization of relevant phenotypes in parasite and host cells and the quantification of a variety of cellular events. In this review, we present the powerful cellular imaging methodologies that have been developed for drug screening in a biologically relevant context, addressing both high-content and high-throughput needs. Furthermore, we discuss the potential of intra-vital microscopy imaging in the context of the anti-leishmanial drug discovery process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claire-Lise Forestier
- INSERM U1095, URMITE-UMR CNRS 7278, Infectiopole Sud, University of Aix-Marseille, Marseille, France.
| | - Gerald Frank Späth
- Institut Pasteur and CNRS URA2581, Unité de Parasitologie moléculaire et Signalisation, Paris, France
| | - Eric Prina
- Institut Pasteur and CNRS URA2581, Unité de Parasitologie moléculaire et Signalisation, Paris, France
| | - Sreekanth Dasari
- INSERM U1095, URMITE-UMR CNRS 7278, Infectiopole Sud, University of Aix-Marseille, Marseille, France
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