Samandari H, Nabavizadeh F, Ashabi G. Age-related difference in protective effect of early post-conditioning on ischemic brain injury: possible involvement of MAP-2/Synaptophysin role.
Metab Brain Dis 2019;
34:1771-1780. [PMID:
31471737 DOI:
10.1007/s11011-019-00484-3]
[Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2019] [Accepted: 08/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Brain Ischemia/Reperfusion (I/R) injury leads to the failure of the microtubules function and neuronal death. Ischemic post-conditioning is defined as a series of rapid alternating interruptions of blood flow in the first seconds of reperfusion. In the present study, the caspase-3, Microtubule-Associated Protein-2 (MAP-2), Protein Kinase C α (PKCα), c-fos, and synaptophysin were evaluated in the hippocampus of focal I/R post-conditioning model in a time -dependent study in aged and young rats. Adult and aged rats were subjected to right MCAO for 30 min and post-conditioned (10 s) for 3 cycles. Sensory-motor tests were performed, and locomotion and anxiety-like behavior were evaluated. Molecular tests were done by detection kit, RT-PCR, and Western blotting techniques. Ninety-six hours after I/R post-conditioning, neurological signs, locomotion, anxiety-like behavior, and ischemic area were improved in young rats compared to 6 h after I/R post-conditioning (P < 0.001). Caspase-3 activity declined in the hippocampus and cortex of I/R post-conditioned young rats in 96 h after I/R post-conditioning compared with 6 h after I/R post-conditioning (P < 0.001). Also, MAP-2 mRNA, MAP-2 protein level, PKCα, c-fos and synaptophysin protein levels were enhanced during post-conditioning in young rats in 96 h after I/R post-conditioning compared with 6 h after induction of I/R post-conditioning. The results of the present study suggested that, early post-conditioning might be considered as a candidate for therapeutic methods against I/R in the adult animals not aged rats. Moreover, inhibition of cell death in post-conditioned ischemic rats was found to be regulated by some neuroprotective molecules as well as MAP-2 and c-fos in young rats. Graphical abstract Graphical abstract representing the post-conditioning (PC) treatment timeline in adult and old rats.
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