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Neurotensins and their therapeutic potential: research field study. Future Med Chem 2020; 12:1779-1803. [PMID: 33032465 DOI: 10.4155/fmc-2020-0124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The natural tridecapeptide neurotensin has been emerged as a promising therapeutic scaffold for the treatment of neurological diseases and cancer. In this work, we aimed to identify the top 100 most cited original research papers as well as recent key studies related to neurotensins. The Web of Science Core Collection database was searched and the retrieved research articles were analyzed by using the VOSviewer software. The most cited original articles were published between 1973 and 2013. The top-cited article was by Carraway and Leeman reporting the discovery of neurotensin in 1973. The highly cited terms were associated with hypotension and angiotensin-converting-enzyme. The conducted analysis reveals the therapeutic potentials of neurotensin, and further impactful research toward its clinical development is warrantied.
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Keller M, Kuhn KK, Einsiedel J, Hübner H, Biselli S, Mollereau C, Wifling D, Svobodová J, Bernhardt G, Cabrele C, Vanderheyden PML, Gmeiner P, Buschauer A. Mimicking of Arginine by Functionalized N(ω)-Carbamoylated Arginine As a New Broadly Applicable Approach to Labeled Bioactive Peptides: High Affinity Angiotensin, Neuropeptide Y, Neuropeptide FF, and Neurotensin Receptor Ligands As Examples. J Med Chem 2016; 59:1925-45. [PMID: 26824643 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.5b01495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Derivatization of biologically active peptides by conjugation with fluorophores or radionuclide-bearing moieties is an effective and commonly used approach to prepare molecular tools and diagnostic agents. Whereas lysine, cysteine, and N-terminal amino acids have been mostly used for peptide conjugation, we describe a new, widely applicable approach to peptide conjugation based on the nonclassical bioisosteric replacement of the guanidine group in arginine by a functionalized carbamoylguanidine moiety. Four arginine-containing peptide receptor ligands (angiotensin II, neurotensin(8-13), an analogue of the C-terminal pentapeptide of neuropeptide Y, and a neuropeptide FF analogue) were subject of this proof-of-concept study. The N(ω)-carbamoylated arginines, bearing spacers with a terminal amino group, were incorporated into the peptides by standard Fmoc solid phase peptide synthesis. The synthesized chemically stable peptide derivatives showed high receptor affinities with Ki values in the low nanomolar range, even when bulky fluorophores had been attached. Two new tritiated tracers for angiotensin and neurotensin receptors are described.
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Affiliation(s)
- Max Keller
- Institute of Pharmacy, Faculty of Chemistry and Pharmacy, University of Regensburg , Universitätsstrasse 31, D-93053 Regensburg, Germany
| | - Kilian K Kuhn
- Institute of Pharmacy, Faculty of Chemistry and Pharmacy, University of Regensburg , Universitätsstrasse 31, D-93053 Regensburg, Germany
| | - Jürgen Einsiedel
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Emil Fischer Center, Friedrich Alexander University , Schuhstrasse 19, D-91052 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Harald Hübner
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Emil Fischer Center, Friedrich Alexander University , Schuhstrasse 19, D-91052 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Sabrina Biselli
- Institute of Pharmacy, Faculty of Chemistry and Pharmacy, University of Regensburg , Universitätsstrasse 31, D-93053 Regensburg, Germany
| | - Catherine Mollereau
- Institut de Pharmacologie et Biologie Structurale, CNRS/IPBS , 205 route de Narbonne, 31077 Toulouse cedex 5, France
| | - David Wifling
- Institute of Pharmacy, Faculty of Chemistry and Pharmacy, University of Regensburg , Universitätsstrasse 31, D-93053 Regensburg, Germany
| | - Jaroslava Svobodová
- Institute of Pharmacy, Faculty of Chemistry and Pharmacy, University of Regensburg , Universitätsstrasse 31, D-93053 Regensburg, Germany
| | - Günther Bernhardt
- Institute of Pharmacy, Faculty of Chemistry and Pharmacy, University of Regensburg , Universitätsstrasse 31, D-93053 Regensburg, Germany
| | - Chiara Cabrele
- Department of Molecular Biology, University of Salzburg , Billrothstrasse 11, A-5020 Salzburg, Austria
| | - Patrick M L Vanderheyden
- Faculty of Sciences and Bioengineering Sciences, Vrije Universiteit Brussel , Pleinlaan 2, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Peter Gmeiner
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Emil Fischer Center, Friedrich Alexander University , Schuhstrasse 19, D-91052 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Armin Buschauer
- Institute of Pharmacy, Faculty of Chemistry and Pharmacy, University of Regensburg , Universitätsstrasse 31, D-93053 Regensburg, Germany
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