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Faccini de Lima C, Wang F, Leffel TA, Miller T, Johnson SG, Gumennik A. Multimaterial fiber as a physical simulator of a capillary instability. Nat Commun 2023; 14:5816. [PMID: 37752148 PMCID: PMC10522671 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-41216-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2023] [Accepted: 08/28/2023] [Indexed: 09/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Capillary breakup of cores is an exclusive approach to fabricating fiber-integrated optoelectronics and photonics. A physical understanding of this fluid-dynamic process is necessary for yielding the desired solid-state fiber-embedded multimaterial architectures by design rather than by exploratory search. We discover that the nonlinearly complex and, at times, even chaotic capillary breakup of multimaterial fiber cores becomes predictable when the fiber is exposed to the spatiotemporal temperature profile, imposing a viscosity modulation comparable to the breakup wavelength. The profile acts as a notch filter, allowing only a single wavelength out of the continuous spectrum to develop predictably, following Euler-Lagrange dynamics. We argue that this understanding not only enables designing the outcomes of the breakup necessary for turning it into a technology for materializing fiber-embedded functional systems but also positions a multimaterial fiber as a universal physical simulator of capillary instability in viscous threads.
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Affiliation(s)
- Camila Faccini de Lima
- Department of Intelligent Systems Engineering, Luddy School of Informatics, Computing, and Engineering, Indiana University Bloomington, Bloomington, IN, USA
| | - Fan Wang
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Troy A Leffel
- Department of Intelligent Systems Engineering, Luddy School of Informatics, Computing, and Engineering, Indiana University Bloomington, Bloomington, IN, USA
| | - Tyson Miller
- Department of Intelligent Systems Engineering, Luddy School of Informatics, Computing, and Engineering, Indiana University Bloomington, Bloomington, IN, USA
| | - Steven G Johnson
- Department of Mathematics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Department of Physics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Alexander Gumennik
- Department of Intelligent Systems Engineering, Luddy School of Informatics, Computing, and Engineering, Indiana University Bloomington, Bloomington, IN, USA.
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Tian H, Xu K, Zou L, Fang Y. Multimodal neural probes for combined optogenetics and electrophysiology. iScience 2022; 25:103612. [PMID: 35106461 PMCID: PMC8786639 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2021.103612] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
To understand how brain functions arise from interconnected neural networks, it is necessary to develop tools that can allow simultaneous manipulation and recording of neural activities. Multimodal neural probes, especially those that combine optogenetics with electrophysiology, provide a powerful tool for the dissection of neural circuit functions and understanding of brain diseases. In this review, we provide an overview of recent developments in multimodal neural probes. We will focus on materials and integration strategies of multimodal neural probes to achieve combined optogenetic stimulation and electrical recordings with high spatiotemporal precision and low invasiveness. In addition, we will also discuss future opportunities of multimodal neural interfaces in basic and translational neuroscience.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huihui Tian
- CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Ke Xu
- CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing 100190, China
- CAS Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology, Institute of Neuroscience, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Liang Zou
- CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing 100190, China
- CAS Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology, Institute of Neuroscience, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Ying Fang
- CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing 100190, China
- CAS Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology, Institute of Neuroscience, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
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Bharathan G, Fernandez TT, Ams M, Carrée JY, Poulain S, Poulain M, Fuerbach A. Femtosecond laser direct-written fiber Bragg gratings with high reflectivity and low loss at wavelengths beyond 4 µm. OPTICS LETTERS 2020; 45:4316-4319. [PMID: 32735287 DOI: 10.1364/ol.399329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2020] [Accepted: 07/01/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
We report on the fabrication of, to the best of our knowledge, the first highly reflective fiber Bragg gratings for the 4 µm wavelength range. A second-order grating with a coupling coefficient (κ) of 230m-1, losses <0.25dB/cm, and a bandwidth of approximately 3 nm was inscribed into the core of a passive indium fluoride (InF3) fiber using a femtosecond (fs) laser. Thermal annealing of this grating at a temperature of 150°C for 90 min resulted in the enhancement of κ to 275m-1. Further, we show that InF3 fibers respond very differently to irradiation with fs laser pulses as compared to ZBLAN fibers and that this difference manifests itself in a significantly larger process window for inscription and in the formation of a more complex refractive index profile that is believed to be caused by the larger nonlinearity of InF3. This Letter paves the way to the development of new wavelength stabilized all-fiber mid-infrared lasers beyond 4 µm.
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Diode fibres for fabric-based optical communications. Nature 2018; 560:214-218. [DOI: 10.1038/s41586-018-0390-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 159] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2018] [Accepted: 06/08/2018] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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