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Nikolaev DM, Mironov VN, Shtyrov AA, Kvashnin ID, Mereshchenko AS, Vasin AV, Panov MS, Ryazantsev MN. Fluorescence Imaging of Cell Membrane Potential: From Relative Changes to Absolute Values. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24032435. [PMID: 36768759 PMCID: PMC9916766 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24032435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2023] [Revised: 01/20/2023] [Accepted: 01/23/2023] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Membrane potential is a fundamental property of biological cells. Changes in membrane potential characterize a vast number of vital biological processes, such as the activity of neurons and cardiomyocytes, tumorogenesis, cell-cycle progression, etc. A common strategy to record membrane potential changes that occur in the process of interest is to utilize organic dyes or genetically-encoded voltage indicators with voltage-dependent fluorescence. Sensors are introduced into target cells, and alterations of fluorescence intensity are recorded with optical methods. Techniques that allow recording relative changes of membrane potential and do not take into account fluorescence alterations due to factors other than membrane voltage are already widely used in modern biological and biomedical studies. Such techniques have been reviewed previously in many works. However, in order to investigate a number of processes, especially long-term processes, the measured signal must be corrected to exclude the contribution from voltage-independent factors or even absolute values of cell membrane potential have to be evaluated. Techniques that enable such measurements are the subject of this review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dmitrii M. Nikolaev
- Institute of Biomedical Systems and Biotechnologies, Peter the Great Saint Petersburg Polytechnic University, 29 Polytechnicheskaya str., 195251 Saint Petersburg, Russia
- Nanotechnology Research and Education Centre RAS, Saint Petersburg Academic University, 8/3 Khlopina str., 194021 Saint Petersburg, Russia
| | - Vladimir N. Mironov
- Nanotechnology Research and Education Centre RAS, Saint Petersburg Academic University, 8/3 Khlopina str., 194021 Saint Petersburg, Russia
| | - Andrey A. Shtyrov
- Institute of Biomedical Systems and Biotechnologies, Peter the Great Saint Petersburg Polytechnic University, 29 Polytechnicheskaya str., 195251 Saint Petersburg, Russia
- Nanotechnology Research and Education Centre RAS, Saint Petersburg Academic University, 8/3 Khlopina str., 194021 Saint Petersburg, Russia
| | - Iaroslav D. Kvashnin
- Nanotechnology Research and Education Centre RAS, Saint Petersburg Academic University, 8/3 Khlopina str., 194021 Saint Petersburg, Russia
| | - Andrey S. Mereshchenko
- Institute of Chemistry, Saint Petersburg State University, 26 Universitetskii pr, 198504 Saint Petersburg, Russia
| | - Andrey V. Vasin
- Institute of Biomedical Systems and Biotechnologies, Peter the Great Saint Petersburg Polytechnic University, 29 Polytechnicheskaya str., 195251 Saint Petersburg, Russia
| | - Maxim S. Panov
- Institute of Chemistry, Saint Petersburg State University, 26 Universitetskii pr, 198504 Saint Petersburg, Russia
- Center for Biophysical Studies, Saint Petersburg State Chemical Pharmaceutical University, 14 Professor Popov str., lit. A, 197022 Saint Petersburg, Russia
| | - Mikhail N. Ryazantsev
- Nanotechnology Research and Education Centre RAS, Saint Petersburg Academic University, 8/3 Khlopina str., 194021 Saint Petersburg, Russia
- Institute of Chemistry, Saint Petersburg State University, 26 Universitetskii pr, 198504 Saint Petersburg, Russia
- Correspondence:
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Sato K, Momose-Sato Y. Functional development of olfactory nerve-related neural circuits in the embryonic chick forebrain revealed by voltage-sensitive dye imaging. Eur J Neurosci 2022; 56:4914-4929. [PMID: 35920370 DOI: 10.1111/ejn.15788] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2022] [Revised: 07/29/2022] [Accepted: 07/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
Multiple-site optical recordings with NK2761, a voltage-sensitive absorption dye, were applied to the embryonic chick olfactory system, and the functional development of olfactory nerve (N.I)-related neural circuits was examined in the forebrain. The stimulation of the N. I elicited neural responses in N.I-olfactory bulb (OB)-forebrain preparations at the embryonic 8-12 day (E8-E12) stages. At the E11 stage, we functionally identified two circuits projecting from the OB to the forebrain. The first circuit passed through the ventral side of the forebrain and spread in the dorso-caudal direction, while the second circuit passed through the dorsal side to the first circuit. Pharmacological experiments showed that NMDA receptor function was more significant for the transfer of sensory information in these circuits. The functional development of N.I-related circuits was investigated, and the results obtained revealed that the ventral circuit was generated earlier than the dorsal circuit. Neural responses in the ventral circuit were detected from the E9 stage in normal physiological solution and the E8 stage in Mg2+ -free solution, which activated NMDA receptor function. At the E10 stage, neural responses in the dorsal circuit were clearly recognized in addition to ventral responses. We attempted to identify possible candidates for relay nuclei in the forebrain by comparing contour line maps of the optical signal amplitude with previously reported neuroanatomical data. The present results suggest that N.I-related neural circuits from the periphery to the subpallium functionally mature earlier than those to the pallium during ontogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katsushige Sato
- Department of Health and Nutrition Sciences, Komazawa Women's University Faculty of Human Health, Inagi-shi, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yoko Momose-Sato
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, College of Nutrition, Kanto Gakuin University, Kanazawa-ku, Yokohama, Japan
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Momose-Sato Y, Sato K. Optical analysis of functional development of the facial motor nucleus in the embryonic rat brainstem. Eur J Neurosci 2018; 48:3273-3287. [PMID: 30118560 DOI: 10.1111/ejn.14122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2018] [Revised: 07/29/2018] [Accepted: 08/01/2018] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Facial motor neurons of the rat embryo are first generated in rhombomere 4 and then migrate in the caudo-ventral direction. This migration forms a unique axonal trajectory called the genu, a loop of facial motor axons around the abducens nucleus. It is still unclear when and how this unique structure is functionally established during ontogenesis. Using voltage-sensitive dye (VSD) recording and the DiI staining method, we identified neural responses evoked by facial nerve (N.VII) stimulation and examined developmental processes of the facial motor nucleus in E12-E17 rat brainstems. We identified two types of fast spike-like signals; a long-duration signal, which corresponded to the action potential in the N.VII soma, and a short-duration signal, which reflected the action potential in the N.VII axons. The long-duration signal was detected as early as E13, suggesting that the N.VII motor neuron is already excitable at the beginning of cell migration. The response area of the long-duration signal extended caudally at E13-E14, and shifted in a ventral direction at E15. At E16-E17, the long-duration signal was concentrated in the caudo-ventral area, which was comparable to the location of the facial motor nucleus in the adult rat brainstem. These results demonstrate that developmental processes of cell migration and nuclear organization can be visualized and identified functionally with the VSD recording. We discuss the results by comparing functiogenesis and morphogenesis of the N.VII pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoko Momose-Sato
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, College of Nutrition, Kanto Gakuin University, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Katsushige Sato
- Department of Health and Nutrition Sciences, Faculty of Human Health, Komazawa Women's University, Tokyo, Japan
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Sato K, Momose-Sato Y. Functiogenesis of the embryonic central nervous system revealed by optical recording with a voltage-sensitive dye. J Physiol Sci 2017; 67:107-119. [PMID: 27623687 PMCID: PMC10717437 DOI: 10.1007/s12576-016-0482-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2016] [Accepted: 08/28/2016] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Clarification of the functiogenesis of the embryonic central nervous system (CNS) has long been problematic, because conventional electrophysiological techniques have several limitations. First, early embryonic neurons are small and fragile, and the application of microelectrodes is challenging. Second, the simultaneous monitoring of electrical activity from multiple sites is limited, and as a consequence, spatiotemporal response patterns of neural networks cannot be assessed. We have applied multiple-site optical recording with a voltage-sensitive dye to the embryonic CNS and paved a new way to analyze the functiogenesis of the CNS. In this review, we discuss key points of optical recording in the embryonic CNS and introduce recent progress in optical investigations on the embryonic CNS with special emphasis on the development of the chick olfactory system. The studies clearly demonstrate the usefulness of voltage-sensitive dye recording as a powerful tool for elucidating the functional organization of the vertebrate embryonic CNS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katsushige Sato
- Department of Health and Nutrition Sciences, Komazawa Women's University Faculty of Human Health, 238 Sakahama, Inagi-shi, Tokyo, 206-8511, Japan.
| | - Yoko Momose-Sato
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, College of Nutrition, Kanto Gakuin University, Yokohama, 236-8501, Japan
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Sakai T, Kamino K. Functiogenesis of cardiac pacemaker activity. J Physiol Sci 2016; 66:293-301. [PMID: 26719289 PMCID: PMC10717167 DOI: 10.1007/s12576-015-0431-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2015] [Accepted: 11/28/2015] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Throughout our investigations on the ontogenesis of the electrophysiological events in early embryonic chick hearts, using optical techniques to record membrane potential probed with voltage-sensitive dyes, we have introduced a novel concept of "functiogenesis" corresponding to "morphogenesis". This article gives an account of the framework of "functiogenesis", focusing on the cardiac pacemaker function and the functional organization of the pacemaking area.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tetsuro Sakai
- Department of Systems Physiology, University of the Ryukyus Graduate School of Medicine, 207 Uehara, Nishihara, Okinawa, 903-0215, Japan.
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Momose-Sato Y, Sato K. Development of synaptic networks in the mouse vagal pathway revealed by optical mapping with a voltage-sensitive dye. Eur J Neurosci 2016; 44:1906-18. [PMID: 27207499 DOI: 10.1111/ejn.13283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2016] [Revised: 05/09/2016] [Accepted: 05/17/2016] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
The central issue in developmental neuroscience is when and how neural synaptic networks are established and become functional within the central nervous system (CNS). Investigations of the neural network organization have been hampered because conventional electrophysiological means have some technical limitations. In this study, the multiple-site optical recording technique with a voltage-sensitive dye was employed to survey the developmental organization of the vagal system in the mouse embryo. Stimulation of the vagus nerve in E11-E14 mouse embryos elicited optical responses in areas corresponding to the vagal sensory and motor nuclei. Postsynaptic responses in the first-order sensory nucleus, the nucleus of the tractus solitarius (NTS), were identified from E11, suggesting that sensory information becomes transferred to the brain at this stage. In addition to the NTS, optical responses were identified in the rostral and contralateral brainstem regions, which corresponded to second/higher order nuclei of the vagus nerve including the parabrachial nucleus (PBN). Postsynaptic responses in the second/higher-order nuclei were detected from E12, suggesting that polysynaptic networks were functional at this stage. We discuss the results of our optical mapping, comparing them with previous findings obtained in the chick and rat embryos, and suggest some fundamental principles in the functional organization of synaptic networks in the embryonic brain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoko Momose-Sato
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, College of Nutrition, Kanto Gakuin University, 1-50-1 Mutsuura-Higashi, Kanazawa-ku, Yokohama, 236-8503, Japan
| | - Katsushige Sato
- Department of Health and Nutrition Sciences, Faculty of Human Health, Komazawa Women's University, Tokyo, Japan
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Sato K, Hayashi S, Inaji M, Momose-Sato Y. Oscillations in the embryonic chick olfactory bulb: initial expression and development revealed by optical imaging with a voltage-sensitive dye. Eur J Neurosci 2016; 43:1111-21. [PMID: 26833763 DOI: 10.1111/ejn.13189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2015] [Revised: 12/31/2015] [Accepted: 01/26/2016] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
In a previous study, we applied a multiple-site optical recording technique with a voltage-sensitive dye to the embryonic chick olfactory system and showed that functional synaptic transmission in the olfactory bulb was expressed at embryonic 6-7-day stages. It is known that oscillations, i.e. stereotyped sinusoidal neural activity, appear in the olfactory system of various species. The focus of the present study is to determine whether the oscillation is also generated in the embryonic chick olfactory bulb and, if this is the case, when the oscillation appears and how its profiles change during embryogenesis. At the early stages of development (embryonic 6- to 8-day stages), postsynaptic response-related optical signals evoked by olfactory nerve stimulation exhibited a simple monophasic waveform that lasted for a few seconds. At embryonic 9-day stage, the optical signal became multi-phasic, and the oscillatory event was detected in some preparations. The oscillation was restricted to the distal half of the olfactory bulb. As development proceeded, the incidence and duration of the oscillation gradually increased, and the waveform became complicated. In some cases at embryonic 12-day stage, the oscillation lasted for nearly a minute. The frequency of the oscillation increased slightly with development, but it remained in the range of theta oscillation during the 9- to 12-day stages. We discuss the ontogenetic dynamics of the oscillation and the significance of this activity in the developing olfactory bulb.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katsushige Sato
- Department of Health and Nutrition Sciences, Faculty of Human Health, Komazawa Women's University, Inagi-shi, Tokyo, 206-8511, Japan
| | - Shihori Hayashi
- Department of Neurosurgery, Faculty of Medicine, Tokyo Medical and Dental University Graduate School, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Motoki Inaji
- Department of Neurosurgery, Faculty of Medicine, Tokyo Medical and Dental University Graduate School, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yoko Momose-Sato
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, College of Nutrition, Kanto Gakuin University, Kanazawa-ku, Yokohama, Japan
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