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Zhu S, Zhu Y, Zhang F, Wu J, Lei C, Jiang F. Comprehensive chromosome FISH assessment of sperm aneuploidy in normozoospermic males. J Assist Reprod Genet 2022; 39:1887-1900. [PMID: 35731322 PMCID: PMC9428091 DOI: 10.1007/s10815-022-02536-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2021] [Accepted: 06/04/2022] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Sperm chromosomal abnormalities impact male fertility and pregnancy outcomes. However, the proportion of sperm with chromosomal abnormalities in normozoospermic men remains unclear. Herein, we evaluated sperm aneuploidy for 23 chromosomes to elucidate its incidence in normozoospermic men. METHODS Sperm from ten normozoospermic donors were obtained from a human sperm bank and analyzed using fluorescence in situ hybridization. The frequencies of nullisomy, disomy, and diploidy were analyzed along with trisomy, triploidy, tetraploidy, and other numerical abnormalities per chromosome and per donor levels. RESULTS A total of 248,811 sperm cells were analyzed (average: 24,881 ± 381 cells/donor), of which 246, 658 were haploid, 818 nullisomic, 393 disomic, 894 diploid, 13 triploid, 8 tetraploid, 3 trisomic, and 24 harbored multiple aneuploidies. Among the 22 autosomal and 2 sex chromosomes, the mean frequency of aneuploidy per chromosome was 0.49 ± 0.16%, including 0.33 ± 0.16% for nullisomy and 0.16 ± 0.08% for disomy. The mean frequencies of nullisomy, disomy, and aneuploidy per donor were 0.33 ± 0.13%, 0.16 ± 0.05%, and 0.49 ± 0.13%, respectively. The total frequencies of nullisomy, disomy, diploidy, and aneuploidy per donor were 7.62 ± 3.06%, 3.63 ± 1.12%, 0.36 ± 0.15%, and 11.25 ± 3.05%, respectively. CONCLUSIONS The dominant chromosome numerical abnormalities in normozoospermic men are nullisomy, disomy, and diploidy. Generally, the frequency of nullisomy is higher than that of disomy. The disomy or nullisomy frequencies for each chromosome being gained or lost were not unified and varied; some chromosomes (e.g., chromosomes 21 and 22 and sex chromosomes) are more prone to disomy while some others (e.g., chromosome 3) are more prone to nullisomy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saijuan Zhu
- Shanghai Ji Ai Genetics & IVF Institute, Shanghai, 200011 China
| | - Yong Zhu
- grid.8547.e0000 0001 0125 2443Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200011 China
| | - Feng Zhang
- grid.8547.e0000 0001 0125 2443Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200011 China
| | - Jiangnan Wu
- grid.8547.e0000 0001 0125 2443Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200011 China
| | - Caixia Lei
- Shanghai Ji Ai Genetics & IVF Institute, Shanghai, 200011 China ,grid.8547.e0000 0001 0125 2443Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200011 China
| | - Feng Jiang
- Shanghai Ji Ai Genetics & IVF Institute, Shanghai, 200011 China
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Olszewska M, Wiland E, Wanowska E, Huleyuk N, Chernykh VB, Zastavna D, Kurpisz M. Analysis of sperm chromosomes in six carriers
of rare and common Robertsonian translocations. POSTEP HIG MED DOSW 2021. [DOI: 10.5604/01.3001.0014.8122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Robertsonian translocation (RobT) is the central fusion of the long arms of two acrocentric
chromosomes, leading to 45 chromosomes in humans. The most common ones are rob(13;14)
and rob(14;21) (91%). Other types of RobT are so-called rare cases. In the general population
RobTs occur with a frequency of approximately 0.123%, but among men with reproductive
failure this value rises 9-fold. Infertility in RobT carriers is associated with the formation of
unbalanced spermatozoa resulting from segregation of the chromosomes involved in trivalent
during the meiotic prophase. In spermatozoa of many RobT carriers an increased level
of chromosomal aneuploidy is observed.
Materials and Methods: We examined the hyperhaploidy level of chromosomes 7, 9, 18, 21, 22, X and Y in spermatozoa
of 6 RobT unrelated carriers: two carriers with rare rob(13;15), one with rare rob(13;22), and
three of the common rob(13;14). Results were compared with the control data from a group
of 7 fertile men with a normal karyotype. Fluorescent in situ hybridization (FISH) was applied.
Results: We found an increased level of sperm aneuploidy regarding at least one of the analyzed
chromosomes in each of the carriers, while in rare RobTs interchromosomal effect (ICE) was
observed. Meiotic segregation pattern of a rare rob(13;15) carrier revealed the 76% of normal
/balanced spermatozoa.
Disucussion: Due to the relatively high population frequency of RobTs, their influence on reproductive
failure, hight risk of imbalancement in prenatal diagnosis (7%), and small amount of data for
rare RobTs, each newly characterized case is valuable in genetic counseling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Olszewska
- Institute of Human Genetics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Poland
| | - Ewa Wiland
- Institute of Human Genetics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Poland
| | | | - Nataliya Huleyuk
- Institute of Hereditary Pathology, Ukrainian Academy of Medical Sciences, Ukraine
| | - Vyacheslav B. Chernykh
- Research Centre for Medical Genetics, Russian Academy of Medical Sciences, Russian Federation
| | - Danuta Zastavna
- Institute of Hereditary Pathology, Ukrainian Academy of Medical Sciences, Ukraine
| | - Maciej Kurpisz
- Institute of Human Genetics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Poland
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Moretti E, Noto D, Guazzo R, Menchiari A, Belmonte G, Collodel G. Centriolar defects, centrin 1 alterations, and FISH studies in human spermatozoa of a male partner of a couple that produces aneuploid embryos in natural and artificial fertilization. J Assist Reprod Genet 2021; 38:1197-1205. [PMID: 33619679 PMCID: PMC8190424 DOI: 10.1007/s10815-021-02109-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2020] [Accepted: 02/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To study the potential paternal contribution to aneuploidies in the man of a couple who obtained trisomic embryos with natural and assisted fertilization. METHODS Semen analysis, immunofluorescence for localization of tubulin and centrin 1, transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) analysis for chromosomes 18 and 9 were performed. Sperm of fertile men were used as controls. RESULTS The percentages of sperm motility and normal forms were decreased. The percentages of sperm with tail reduced in dimension, headless tails, coiled tails, and altered head-tail junction were significantly higher (P < 0.01) in the patient than in controls, whereas the percentage of sperm with a normal centrin 1 localization (two spots in the centriolar area) was significantly reduced (P < 0.01) in the patient. Immunofluorescence with anti-tubulin antibody showed that in most of the patient's sperm connecting pieces (83.00 ± 1.78%), two spots were present, indicating prominent proximal centriole/centriolar adjunct and evident distal centriole, whereas controls' sperm displayed a single spot, indicating the proximal centriole. The percentage of sperm with two spots was significantly higher (P < 0.01) in the patient than in controls. TEM analysis showed that centriolar adjuncts of the patient's sperm were significantly longer (721.80 ± 122.26 nm) than in controls' sperm (310.00 ± 64.11 nm; P < 0.001). The aneuploidy frequencies of the patient's sperm, detected by FISH analysis, were increased with respect to controls. CONCLUSION A paternal contribution to sperm aneuploidies cannot be excluded since the patient's sperm showed altered morphology, immature centriolar adjunct, presence of evident distal centriole, scarce presence of centrin 1, and high aneuploidy frequency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Moretti
- Department of Molecular and Developmental Medicine, University of Siena, Siena, Italy.
| | - Daria Noto
- Department of Molecular and Developmental Medicine, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
| | - Raffaella Guazzo
- Department of Medical Biotechnologies, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
| | - Andrea Menchiari
- Department of Business and Law, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Belmonte
- Department of Molecular and Developmental Medicine, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
| | - Giulia Collodel
- Department of Molecular and Developmental Medicine, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
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Wiland E, Olszewska M, Woźniak T, Kurpisz M. How much, if anything, do we know about sperm chromosomes of Robertsonian translocation carriers? Cell Mol Life Sci 2020; 77:4765-4785. [PMID: 32514588 PMCID: PMC7658086 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-020-03560-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2019] [Revised: 05/08/2020] [Accepted: 05/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
In men with oligozoospermia, Robertsonian translocations (RobTs) are the most common type of autosomal aberrations. The most commonly occurring types are rob(13;14) and rob(14;21), and other types of RobTs are described as 'rare' cases. Based on molecular research, all RobTs can be broadly classified into Class 1 and Class 2. Class 1 translocations produce the same breakpoints within their RobT type, but Class 2 translocations are predicted to form during meiosis or mitosis through a variety of mechanisms, resulting in variation in the breakpoint locations. This review seeks to analyse the available data addressing the question of whether the molecular classification of RobTs into Classes 1 and 2 and/or the type of DD/GG/DG symmetry of the involved chromosomes is reflected in the efficiency of spermatogenesis. The lowest frequency value calculated for the rate of alternate segregants was found for rob(13;15) carriers (Class 2, symmetry DD) and the highest for rob(13;21) carriers (Class 2, DG symmetry). The aneuploidy values for the rare RobT (Class 2) and common rob(14;21) (Class 1) groups together exhibited similarities while differing from those for the common rob(13;14) (Class 1) group. Considering the division of RobT carriers into those with normozoospermia and those with oligoasthenozoospermia, it was found that the number of carriers with elevated levels of aneuploidy was unexpectedly quite similar and high (approx. 70%) in the two subgroups. The reason(s) that the same RobT does not always show a similar destructive effect on fertility was also pointed out.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ewa Wiland
- Institute of Human Genetics, Polish Academy of Sciences, ul. Strzeszynska 32, 60-479, Poznan, Poland
| | - Marta Olszewska
- Institute of Human Genetics, Polish Academy of Sciences, ul. Strzeszynska 32, 60-479, Poznan, Poland
| | - Tomasz Woźniak
- Institute of Human Genetics, Polish Academy of Sciences, ul. Strzeszynska 32, 60-479, Poznan, Poland
| | - Maciej Kurpisz
- Institute of Human Genetics, Polish Academy of Sciences, ul. Strzeszynska 32, 60-479, Poznan, Poland.
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Fabig G, Kiewisz R, Lindow N, Powers JA, Cota V, Quintanilla LJ, Brugués J, Prohaska S, Chu DS, Müller-Reichert T. Male meiotic spindle features that efficiently segregate paired and lagging chromosomes. eLife 2020; 9:50988. [PMID: 32149606 PMCID: PMC7101234 DOI: 10.7554/elife.50988] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2019] [Accepted: 03/08/2020] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Chromosome segregation during male meiosis is tailored to rapidly generate multitudes of sperm. Little is known about mechanisms that efficiently partition chromosomes to produce sperm. Using live imaging and tomographic reconstructions of spermatocyte meiotic spindles in Caenorhabditis elegans, we find the lagging X chromosome, a distinctive feature of anaphase I in C. elegans males, is due to lack of chromosome pairing. The unpaired chromosome remains tethered to centrosomes by lengthening kinetochore microtubules, which are under tension, suggesting that a ‘tug of war’ reliably resolves lagging. We find spermatocytes exhibit simultaneous pole-to-chromosome shortening (anaphase A) and pole-to-pole elongation (anaphase B). Electron tomography unexpectedly revealed spermatocyte anaphase A does not stem solely from kinetochore microtubule shortening. Instead, movement of autosomes is largely driven by distance change between chromosomes, microtubules, and centrosomes upon tension release during anaphase. Overall, we define novel features that segregate both lagging and paired chromosomes for optimal sperm production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gunar Fabig
- Experimental Center, Faculty of Medicine Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Robert Kiewisz
- Experimental Center, Faculty of Medicine Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | | | - James A Powers
- Light Microscopy Imaging Center, Indiana University, Bloomington, United States
| | - Vanessa Cota
- Department of Biology, San Francisco State University, San Francisco, United States
| | - Luis J Quintanilla
- Department of Biology, San Francisco State University, San Francisco, United States
| | - Jan Brugués
- Max Planck Institute of Molecular Cell Biology and Genetics, Dresden, Germany.,Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Dresden, Germany.,Centre for Systems Biology Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | | | - Diana S Chu
- Department of Biology, San Francisco State University, San Francisco, United States
| | - Thomas Müller-Reichert
- Experimental Center, Faculty of Medicine Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
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Zhang X, Liu X, Xi Q, Zhu H, Li L, Liu R, Yu Y. Reproductive outcomes of 3 infertile males with XYY syndrome: Retrospective case series and literature review. Medicine (Baltimore) 2020; 99:e19375. [PMID: 32118782 PMCID: PMC7478696 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000019375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2019] [Revised: 01/11/2020] [Accepted: 01/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study is to evaluate the pregnancy outcomes of males with a 47, XYY karyotype following assisted reproductive treatment.A retrospective study was performed using data from infertile men with 47, XYY at a center for reproductive medicine in 2004 to 2017. Of the 19,842 infertile males treated, a total of 21 showed the 47, XYY karyotype and were included in the present study. Clinical variables were collected. Three men were under treatment with their partner before either in vitro fertilization (IVF) or intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI).The incidence of 47, XYY in infertile men is 1/945 (21/19842). Most men are azoospermic or severely oligospermic. Three men and their partners underwent IVF or ICSI treatment with fresh ejaculate samples. The fertilization rate was 52.94% to 83.33%. The embryo cleavage rate was 50% to 90%. One man had abnormal sex hormonal levels and his partner had no clinical pregnancy. The other 2 couples had healthy baby boys.Live spermatozoa can be gathered and fertility is possible for infertile males with 47, XYY syndrome when IVF or ICSI treatment is used. It is recommended that genetic counseling is provided in such cases.
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Fowler KE, Mandawala AA, Griffin DK. The role of chromosome segregation and nuclear organisation in human subfertility. Biochem Soc Trans 2019; 47:425-432. [DOI: 10.1042/bst20180231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/30/2023]
Abstract
Abstract
Spermatogenesis is central to successful sexual reproduction, producing large numbers of haploid motile male gametes. Throughout this process, a series of equational and reductional chromosome segregation precedes radical repackaging of the haploid genome. Faithful chromosome segregation is thus crucial, as is an ordered spatio-temporal ‘dance’ of packing a large amount of chromatin into a very small space. Ergo, when the process goes wrong, this is associated with an improper chromosome number, nuclear position and/or chromatin damage in the sperm head. Generally, screening for overall DNA damage is relatively commonplace in clinics, but aneuploidy assessment is less so and nuclear organisation studies form the basis of academic research. Several studies have focussed on the role of chromosome segregation, nuclear organisation and analysis of sperm morphometry in human subfertility observing significant alterations in some cases, especially of the sex chromosomes. Importantly, sperm DNA damage has been associated with infertility and both extrinsic (e.g. lifestyle) and intrinsic (e.g. reactive oxygen species levels) factors, and while some DNA-strand breaks are repaired, unexpected breaks can cause differential chromatin packaging and further breakage. A ‘healthy’ sperm nucleus (with the right number of chromosomes, nuclear organisation and minimal DNA damage) is thus an essential part of reproduction. The purpose of this review is to summarise state of the art in the fields of sperm aneuploidy assessment, nuclear organisation and DNA damage studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katie E. Fowler
- School of Human and Life Sciences, Canterbury Christ Church University, Canterbury, U.K
| | - Anjali A. Mandawala
- School of Human and Life Sciences, Canterbury Christ Church University, Canterbury, U.K
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Cioppi F, Casamonti E, Krausz C. Age-Dependent De Novo Mutations During Spermatogenesis and Their Consequences. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2019; 1166:29-46. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-21664-1_2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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Guo K, He Y, Liu L, Liang Z, Li X, Cai L, Lan ZJ, Zhou J, Wang H, Lei Z. Ablation of Ggnbp2 impairs meiotic DNA double-strand break repair during spermatogenesis in mice. J Cell Mol Med 2018; 22:4863-4874. [PMID: 30055035 PMCID: PMC6156456 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.13751] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2018] [Accepted: 05/29/2018] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Gametogenetin (GGN) binding protein 2 (GGNBP2) is a zinc finger protein expressed abundantly in spermatocytes and spermatids. We previously discovered that Ggnbp2 resection caused metamorphotic defects during spermatid differentiation and resulted in an absence of mature spermatozoa in mice. However, whether GGNBP2 affects meiotic progression of spermatocytes remains to be established. In this study, flow cytometric analyses showed a decrease in haploid, while an increase in tetraploid spermatogenic cells in both 30‐ and 60‐day‐old Ggnbp2 knockout testes. In spread spermatocyte nuclei, Ggnbp2 loss increased DNA double‐strand breaks (DSB), compromised DSB repair and reduced crossovers. Further investigations demonstrated that GGNBP2 co‐immunoprecipitated with a testis‐enriched protein GGN1. Immunofluorescent staining revealed that both GGNBP2 and GGN1 had the same subcellular localizations in spermatocyte, spermatid and spermatozoa. Ggnbp2 loss suppressed Ggn expression and nuclear accumulation. Furthermore, deletion of either Ggnbp2 or Ggn in GC‐2spd cells inhibited their differentiation into haploid cells in vitro. Overexpression of Ggnbp2 in Ggnbp2 null but not in Ggn null GC‐2spd cells partially rescued the defect coinciding with a restoration of Ggn expression. Together, these data suggest that GGNBP2, likely mediated by its interaction with GGN1, plays a role in DSB repair during meiotic progression of spermatocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaimin Guo
- Department of Andrology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Yan He
- Department of OB/GYN, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, KY, USA
| | - Lingyun Liu
- Department of Andrology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Zuowen Liang
- Department of Andrology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Xian Li
- Department of OB/GYN, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, KY, USA
| | - Lu Cai
- Pediatrics Departments, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, KY, USA
| | - Zi-Jian Lan
- Division of Life Sciences and Center for Nutrigenomics & Applied Animal Nutrition, Alltech Inc., Nicholasville, KY, USA
| | - Junmei Zhou
- Central Laboratory, Shanghai Children's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Hongliang Wang
- Department of Andrology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Zhenmin Lei
- Department of OB/GYN, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, KY, USA
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Ioannou D, Tempest HG. Does genome organization matter in spermatozoa? A refined hypothesis to awaken the silent vessel. Syst Biol Reprod Med 2018; 64:518-534. [DOI: 10.1080/19396368.2017.1421278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Dimitrios Ioannou
- Department of Human and Molecular Genetics, Herbert Wertheim College of Medicine, Florida International University, Miami, FL, USA
- IVF Florida Reproductive Associates, Margate, FL, USA
| | - Helen G. Tempest
- Department of Human and Molecular Genetics, Herbert Wertheim College of Medicine, Florida International University, Miami, FL, USA
- Biomolecular Sciences Institute, Florida International University, Miami, FL, USA
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