Hayakawa Y, Fox JG, Wang TC. The Origins of Gastric Cancer From Gastric Stem Cells: Lessons From Mouse Models.
Cell Mol Gastroenterol Hepatol 2017;
3:331-338. [PMID:
28462375 PMCID:
PMC5404024 DOI:
10.1016/j.jcmgh.2017.01.013]
[Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2016] [Accepted: 01/28/2017] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
The cellular origin of digestive cancers has been a long-standing question in the cancer field. Mouse models have identified long-lived stem cells in most organ systems, including the luminal gastrointestinal tract, and numerous studies have pointed to tissue resident stem cells as the main cellular origin of cancer. During gastric carcinogenesis, chronic inflammation induces genetic and epigenetic alterations in long-lived stem cells, along with expansion of stem cell niches, eventually leading to invasive cancer. The gastric corpus and antrum have distinct stem cells and stem cell niches, suggesting differential regulation of cancer initiation at the 2 sites. In this short review, we discuss recent experimental models and human studies, which provide important insights into the pathogenesis of gastric cancer.
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