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Yildirim N, Amanzhanova A, Kulzhanova G, Mukasheva F, Erisken C. Osteochondral Interface: Regenerative Engineering and Challenges. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2023; 9:1205-1223. [PMID: 36752057 DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.2c01321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/09/2023]
Abstract
Osteochondral (OC) defects are debilitating for patients and represent a significant clinical problem for orthopedic surgeons as well as regenerative engineers due to their potential complications, which are likely to lead to osteoarthritis and related diseases. If they remain untreated or are treated suboptimally, OC lesions are known to impact the articular cartilage and the transition from cartilage to bone, that is, the cartilage-bone interface. An important component of the OC interface, that is, a selectively permeable membrane, the tidemark, still remains unaddressed in more than 90% of the published research in the past decade. This review focuses on the structure, composition, and function of the OC interface, regenerative engineering attempts with different scaffolding strategies and challenges ahead of us in recapitulating the native OC interface. There are different schools of thought regarding the structure of the native OC interface: stratified and graded. The former assumes the cartilage-to-bone interface to be hierarchically divided into distinct yet continuous zones of uncalcified cartilage-calcified cartilage-subchondral bone. The latter assumes the interface is continuously graded, that is, formed by an infinite number of layers. The cellular composition of the interface, either in respective layers or continuously changing in a graded manner, is chondrocytes, hypertrophic chondrocytes, and osteoblasts as moved from cartilage to bone. Functionally, the interface is assumed to play a role in enabling a smooth transition of loads exerted on the cartilage surface to the bone underneath. Regenerative engineering involves, first, a characterization of the native OC interface in terms of the composition, structure, and function, and, then, proposes the appropriate biomaterials, cells, and biomolecules either alone or in combination to eventually form a structure that mimics and functionally behaves similar to the native interface. The major challenge regarding regeneration of the OC interface appears to lie, in addition to others, in the formation of tidemark, which is a thin membrane separating the OC interface into two distinct zones: the avascular OC interface and the vascular OC interface. There is a significant amount of literature on regenerative approaches to the OC interface; however, only a small portion of them consider the importance of tidemark. Therefore, this review aims at highlighting the significance of the structural organization of the components of the OC interface and increasing the awareness of the orthopedics community regarding the importance of tidemark formation after clinical interventions or regenerative engineering attempts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nuh Yildirim
- Nazarbayev University, School of Engineering and Digital Sciences, Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, 53 Kabanbay Batyr, Block 3, Astana 010000, Kazakhstan
| | - Amina Amanzhanova
- Nazarbayev University, School of Engineering and Digital Sciences, Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, 53 Kabanbay Batyr, Block 3, Astana 010000, Kazakhstan
| | - Gulzada Kulzhanova
- Nazarbayev University, School of Sciences and Humanities, Department of Biological Sciences, 53 Kabanbay Batyr, Block 3, Astana 010000, Kazakhstan
| | - Fariza Mukasheva
- Nazarbayev University, School of Engineering and Digital Sciences, Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, 53 Kabanbay Batyr, Block 3, Astana 010000, Kazakhstan
| | - Cevat Erisken
- Nazarbayev University, School of Engineering and Digital Sciences, Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, 53 Kabanbay Batyr, Block 3, Astana 010000, Kazakhstan
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Choi JH, Lee W, Song C, Moon BK, Yoon SJ, Neves NM, Reis RL, Khang G. Application of Gellan Gum-Based Scaffold for Regenerative Medicine. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2020; 1249:15-37. [PMID: 32602088 DOI: 10.1007/978-981-15-3258-0_2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Gellan gum (GG) is a linear microbial exopolysaccharide which is derived naturally by the fermentation process of Pseudomonas elodea. Application of GG in tissue engineering and regeneration medicine (TERM) is already over 10 years and has shown great potential. Although this biomaterial has many advantages such as biocompatibility, biodegradability, nontoxic in nature, and physical stability in the presence of cations, a variety of modification methods have been suggested due to some disadvantages such as mechanical properties, high gelation temperature, and lack of attachment sites. In this review, the application of GG-based scaffold for tissue engineering and approaches to improve GG properties are discussed. Furthermore, a recent trend and future perspective of GG-based scaffold are highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joo Hee Choi
- Department of BIN Convergence Technology, Department of Polymer Nano Science & Technology and Polymer BIN Research Center, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju, South Korea
| | - Wonchan Lee
- Department of BIN Convergence Technology, Department of Polymer Nano Science & Technology and Polymer BIN Research Center, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju, South Korea
| | - Cheolui Song
- Department of BIN Convergence Technology, Department of Polymer Nano Science & Technology and Polymer BIN Research Center, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju, South Korea
| | - Byung Kwan Moon
- Department of Polymer Nano Science & Technology, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju-si, Jeollabuk-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Sun-Jung Yoon
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Medical School, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju-si, Republic of Korea
| | - Nuno M Neves
- 3B's Research Group - Biomaterials, Biodegradables and Biomimetics, Headquarters of the European Institute of Excellence on Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, University of Minho, Guimarães, Portugal
- ICVS/3B's - PT Government Associated Laboratory, Braga/Guimarães, Portugal
- The Discoveries Centre for Regenerative and Precision Medicine, Headquarters at University of Minho, Guimarães, Portugal
| | - Rui L Reis
- 3B's Research Group - Biomaterials, Biodegradables and Biomimetics, Headquarters of the European Institute of Excellence on Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, University of Minho, Guimarães, Portugal
- ICVS/3B's - PT Government Associated Laboratory, Braga/Guimarães, Portugal
- The Discoveries Centre for Regenerative and Precision Medicine, Headquarters at University of Minho, Guimarães, Portugal
| | - Gilson Khang
- Department of BIN Convergence Technology, Department of Polymer Nano Science & Technology and Polymer BIN Research Center, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju, South Korea.
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Tamburaci S, Cecen B, Ustun O, Ergur BU, Havitcioglu H, Tihminlioglu F. Production and Characterization of a Novel Bilayer Nanocomposite Scaffold Composed of Chitosan/Si-nHap and Zein/POSS Structures for Osteochondral Tissue Regeneration. ACS APPLIED BIO MATERIALS 2019; 2:1440-1455. [DOI: 10.1021/acsabm.8b00700] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sedef Tamburaci
- Graduate Program of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Gulbahce Campus, İzmir Institute of Technology, Urla, İzmir 35430, Turkey
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Gulbahce Campus, İzmir Institute of Technology, Urla, İzmir 35430, Turkey
| | - Berivan Cecen
- Department of Biomechanics, Institute of Health Science, Inciralti Health Campus, Dokuz Eylul University, İzmir 35220, Turkey
| | - Ozcan Ustun
- Faculty of Medicine, Basic Medical Sciences, Histology and Embryology, Inciralti Health Campus, Dokuz Eylul University, İzmir 35220, Turkey
| | - Bekir Ugur Ergur
- Faculty of Medicine, Basic Medical Sciences, Histology and Embryology, Inciralti Health Campus, Dokuz Eylul University, İzmir 35220, Turkey
| | - Hasan Havitcioglu
- Department of Biomechanics, Institute of Health Science, Inciralti Health Campus, Dokuz Eylul University, İzmir 35220, Turkey
| | - Funda Tihminlioglu
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Gulbahce Campus, İzmir Institute of Technology, Urla, İzmir 35430, Turkey
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Duarte ARC, Santo VE, Gomes ME, Reis RL. Supercritical Fluid Technology as a Tool to Prepare Gradient Multifunctional Architectures Towards Regeneration of Osteochondral Injuries. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2018; 1058:265-278. [PMID: 29691826 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-76711-6_12] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Platelet lysates (PLs) are a natural source of growth factors (GFs) known for its stimulatory role on stem cells which can be obtained after activation of platelets from blood plasma. The possibility to use PLs as growth factor source for tissue healing and regeneration has been pursued following different strategies. Platelet lysates are an enriched pool of growth factors which can be used as either a GFs source or as a three-dimensional (3D) hydrogel. However, most of current PLs-based hydrogels lack stability, exhibiting significant shrinking behavior. This chapter focuses on the application of supercritical fluid technology to develop three-dimensional architectures of PL constructs, crosslinked with genipin. The proposed technology allows in a single step operation the development of mechanically stable porous structures, through chemical crosslinking of the growth factors present in the PL pool, followed by supercritical drying of the samples. Furthermore gradient structures of PL-based structures with bioactive glass are also presented and are described as an interesting approach to the treatment of osteochondral defects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Rita C Duarte
- 3B's Research Group-Biomaterials, Biodegradables and Biomimetics, European Institute of Excellence on Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, University of Minho, Barco/Guimarães, Portugal. .,ICVS/3B's-PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga/Guimarães, Portugal.
| | - Vitor E Santo
- 3B's Research Group-Biomaterials, Biodegradables and Biomimetics, European Institute of Excellence on Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, University of Minho, Barco/Guimarães, Portugal.,ICVS/3B's-PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga/Guimarães, Portugal
| | - Manuela E Gomes
- 3B's Research Group-Biomaterials, Biodegradables and Biomimetics, European Institute of Excellence on Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, University of Minho, Barco/Guimarães, Portugal.,ICVS/3B's-PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga/Guimarães, Portugal
| | - Rui L Reis
- 3B's Research Group-Biomaterials, Biodegradables and Biomimetics, European Institute of Excellence on Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, University of Minho, Barco/Guimarães, Portugal.,ICVS/3B's-PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga/Guimarães, Portugal
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