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Geymonat M, Peng Q, Guo Z, Yu Z, Unruh JR, Jaspersen SL, Segal M. Orderly assembly underpinning built-in asymmetry in the yeast centrosome duplication cycle requires cyclin-dependent kinase. eLife 2020; 9:59222. [PMID: 32851976 PMCID: PMC7470843 DOI: 10.7554/elife.59222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2020] [Accepted: 08/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Asymmetric astral microtubule organization drives the polarized orientation of the S. cerevisiae mitotic spindle and primes the invariant inheritance of the old spindle pole body (SPB, the yeast centrosome) by the bud. This model has anticipated analogous centrosome asymmetries featured in self-renewing stem cell divisions. We previously implicated Spc72, the cytoplasmic receptor for the gamma-tubulin nucleation complex, as the most upstream determinant linking SPB age, functional asymmetry and fate. Here we used structured illumination microscopy and biochemical analysis to explore the asymmetric landscape of nucleation sites inherently built into the spindle pathway and under the control of cyclin-dependent kinase (CDK). We show that CDK enforces Spc72 asymmetric docking by phosphorylating Nud1/centriolin. Furthermore, CDK-imposed order in the construction of the new SPB promotes the correct balance of nucleation sites between the nuclear and cytoplasmic faces of the SPB. Together these contributions by CDK inherently link correct SPB morphogenesis, age and fate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco Geymonat
- Department of Genetics, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Qiuran Peng
- Department of Genetics, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Zhiang Guo
- Department of Genetics, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Zulin Yu
- Stowers Institute for Medical Research, Kansas City, United States
| | - Jay R Unruh
- Stowers Institute for Medical Research, Kansas City, United States
| | - Sue L Jaspersen
- Stowers Institute for Medical Research, Kansas City, United States.,Department of Molecular and Integrative Physiology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, United States
| | - Marisa Segal
- Department of Genetics, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
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Mukherjee S, Tucker-Burden C, Kaissi E, Newsam A, Duggireddy H, Chau M, Zhang C, Diwedi B, Rupji M, Seby S, Kowalski J, Kong J, Read R, Brat DJ. CDK5 Inhibition Resolves PKA/cAMP-Independent Activation of CREB1 Signaling in Glioma Stem Cells. Cell Rep 2019; 23:1651-1664. [PMID: 29742423 PMCID: PMC5987254 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2018.04.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2017] [Revised: 02/13/2018] [Accepted: 04/02/2018] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer stem cells promote neoplastic growth, in part by deregulating asymmetric cell division and enhancing self-renewal. To uncover mechanisms and potential therapeutic targets in glioma stem cell (GSC) self-renewal, we performed a genetic suppressor screen for kinases to reverse the tumor phenotype of our Drosophila brain tumor model and identified dCdk5 as a critical regulator. CDK5, the human ortholog of dCdk5 (79% identity), is aberrantly activated in GBMs and tightly aligned with both chromosome 7 gains and stem cell markers affecting tumor-propagation. Our investigation revealed that pharmaceutical inhibition of CDK5 prevents GSC self-renewal in vitro and in xenografted tumors, at least partially by suppressing CREB1 activation independently of PKA/cAMP. Finally, our TCGA GBM data analysis revealed that CDK5, stem cell, and asymmetric cell division markers segregate within non-mesenchymal patient clusters, which may indicate preferential dependence on CDK5 signaling and sensitivity to its inhibition in this group.
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Affiliation(s)
- Subhas Mukherjee
- Department of Pathology, Northwestern University, Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL 60611, USA.
| | - Carol Tucker-Burden
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| | - Emily Kaissi
- Department of Pediatrics, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| | - Austin Newsam
- Division of Parasitic Diseases and Malaria, Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | | | - Monica Chau
- Department of Neurology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA
| | - Changming Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Bhakti Diwedi
- Winship Cancer Institute Bioinformatics Core, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| | - Manali Rupji
- Winship Cancer Institute Bioinformatics Core, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| | - Sandra Seby
- Winship Cancer Institute Bioinformatics Core, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| | - Jeanne Kowalski
- Winship Cancer Institute Bioinformatics Core, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| | - Jun Kong
- Department of Bioinformatics, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| | - Renee Read
- Department of Pharmacology, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| | - Daniel J Brat
- Department of Pathology, Northwestern University, Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL 60611, USA.
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Huang G, Wang M, Li X, Wu J, Chen S, Du N, Li K, Wang J, Xu C, Ren H, Tang SC, Sun X. TUSC7 suppression of Notch activation through sponging MiR-146 recapitulated the asymmetric cell division in lung adenocarcinoma stem cells. Life Sci 2019; 232:116630. [PMID: 31279783 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2019.116630] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2019] [Revised: 07/01/2019] [Accepted: 07/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
AIMS Lung adenocarcinoma consists of multiple therapeutic targets, however, patients will inevitably progress to later stage diagnosis with Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitor treatment resistance. We aim to investigate the roles of non-coding TUSC7 in ordering the cell division tendency, helping to sensitize the resistance in a miRNA incorporating way. MATERIALS AND METHODS Online study of bioinformatics analysis, molecular experiments of luciferase test, immunofluorescence staining and qRT-PCR were applied to dig out the mechanistic regulations. KEY FINDINGS TUSC-7 inhibited the renewal ability of adenocarcinoma stem cells, yielding to asymmetric cell splitting. Informatics analysis and the luciferase testing confirmed the 3'UTR binding site, and revealed the post-transcriptional regulation of NUMB referring to miR-146. TUSC-7 sponged miR-146 and abolished its degradation toward to NUMB, and this integrated cascade made several genes become tangled to full functionality. SIGNIFICANCE TUSC-7 was proved to be one strong suppressive lnc-RNA in lung adenocarcinoma stem cells, functioning through inactivating NOTCH signaling, and the turbulence on division modes precisely pointed to the key mechanisms of stem cells' renewal. The decreasing of tumor suppressive miR-146 was necessary in TUSC-7 conducted renewal repression, despite it alone could also reduce the renewal efficiency, indicating that more complicated non-coding genes may be involved in its regulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guanglin Huang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Second Department of Thoracic Surgery, Department of Thoracic Surgery and Oncology, Cancer Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an City, Shaanxi Province 710061, China; Department of General Surgery, Xingyuan Hospital, Yulin City, Shaanxi Province 719000, China
| | - Meng Wang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Second Department of Thoracic Surgery, Department of Thoracic Surgery and Oncology, Cancer Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an City, Shaanxi Province 710061, China
| | - Xiang Li
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Second Department of Thoracic Surgery, Department of Thoracic Surgery and Oncology, Cancer Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an City, Shaanxi Province 710061, China
| | - Jie Wu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Second Department of Thoracic Surgery, Department of Thoracic Surgery and Oncology, Cancer Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an City, Shaanxi Province 710061, China
| | - Sisi Chen
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Second Department of Thoracic Surgery, Department of Thoracic Surgery and Oncology, Cancer Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an City, Shaanxi Province 710061, China
| | - Ning Du
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Second Department of Thoracic Surgery, Department of Thoracic Surgery and Oncology, Cancer Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an City, Shaanxi Province 710061, China
| | - Kai Li
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Second Department of Thoracic Surgery, Department of Thoracic Surgery and Oncology, Cancer Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an City, Shaanxi Province 710061, China
| | - Jichang Wang
- Department of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an City, Shaanxi Province 710061, China
| | - Chongwen Xu
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an City, Shaanxi Province 710061, China
| | - Hong Ren
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Second Department of Thoracic Surgery, Department of Thoracic Surgery and Oncology, Cancer Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an City, Shaanxi Province 710061, China
| | - Shou-Ching Tang
- University of Mississippi Medical Center, Cancer Center and Research Institute, 2500 North State Street, Jackson, MS 39216, USA.
| | - Xin Sun
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Second Department of Thoracic Surgery, Department of Thoracic Surgery and Oncology, Cancer Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an City, Shaanxi Province 710061, China.
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Brognaro E. Glioblastoma Unique Features Drive the Ways for Innovative Therapies in the Trunk-branch Era. Folia Med (Plovdiv) 2019. [DOI: 10.3897/folmed.61.e34900] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma multiforme is a solid tumor with particular aspects due to its organ of origin and its development modalities. The brain is very sensitive to oxygen and glucose deprivation and it is the only organ that cannot be either transplanted or entirely removed. Furthermore, many clues and recent indirect experimental evidence indicate that the micro-infiltration of the whole brain parenchyma occurs in very early stages of tumor bulk growth or likely even before. As a consequence, the primary glioblastoma (IDH-wildtype, WHO 2016) is the only tumor where the malignant (i.e. distantly infiltrating the organ of origin) and deadly (i.e. leading cause to patient’s death) phases coincide and overlap in one single phase of its natural history. To date, the prognosis of optimally treated glioblastoma patients remains dismal despite recent fundamental progress in neurosurgical techniques which are enabling better maximal safe resection and survival outcome. Intratumor variegated heterogeneity of glioblastoma bulk due to trunk-branch evolution and very early micro-infiltration and settlement of neoplastic cells in the entire brain parenchyma are the reasons for resistance to current therapeutic treatments. With the aim of future innovative and effective therapies, this paper deals with the unique glioblastoma features, the appropriate research methods as well as the strategies to follow to overcome current causes of resistance.
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