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Breitenbach R, Ambros S, Risko G, Arcusa I, Durland Donahou A, Wolovich CK. The importance of auditory, olfactory, and visual cues for insect foraging in owl monkeys (Aotus nancymaae). Am J Primatol 2023; 85:e23539. [PMID: 37504384 DOI: 10.1002/ajp.23539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2022] [Revised: 06/01/2023] [Accepted: 07/15/2023] [Indexed: 07/29/2023]
Abstract
Nocturnal mammals have unique sensory adaptations to facilitate foraging at night. Owl monkeys (Aotus spp.) are pair-living nocturnal platyrrhines adept at capturing insect prey under low-light conditions. Owl monkeys use acoustic and chemical cues in intraspecific communication and use olfaction to detect fruit as they forage. We conducted an experiment to determine which cues (auditory, olfactory, and visual) Aotus nancymaae rely upon when foraging for insects. We scored the behavior of 23 captive owl monkeys during a series of trials in which monkeys were provided sensory boxes with insect cues either present (experimental box) or absent (control box). Each cue was tested alone and in combination with all other cues (multimodal cues). We used generalized linear mixed models to determine which cues elicited the greatest behavioral response. Owl monkeys approached and spent more time near experimental boxes than control boxes. Male owl monkeys were quicker than their female partners to approach the sensory boxes, suggesting that males may be less neophobic than females. The owl monkeys exhibited behaviors associated with olfaction and foraging (e.g., sneezing, trilling) during trials with multimodal cues and when only olfactory cues were present. When only visual or auditory cues were present, owl monkeys exhibited fewer foraging-related behaviors. After approaching a sensory box, however, they often touched boxes containing visual cues. A. nancymaae may rely on olfactory cues at night to detect a food source from several meters away and then rely more on visual cues once they are closer to the food source. Their use of sensory cues during insect foraging differs from nocturnal strepsirrhines, possibly reflecting physiological constraints associated with phylogeny, given that owl monkeys evolved nocturnality secondarily from a more recent diurnal ancestor.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Samantha Ambros
- DuMond Conservancy for Primates and Tropical Forests, Miami, Florida, USA
| | - Gabrielle Risko
- Biology Department, Florida Southern College, Lakeland, Florida, USA
| | - Isabel Arcusa
- Biology Department, Florida Southern College, Lakeland, Florida, USA
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Moreira A, Croze M, Delehelle F, Cussat-Blanc S, Luga H, Mollereau C, Balaresque P. Hearing Sensitivity of Primates: Recurrent and Episodic Positive Selection in Hair Cells and Stereocilia Protein-Coding Genes. Genome Biol Evol 2021; 13:6302699. [PMID: 34137817 PMCID: PMC8358225 DOI: 10.1093/gbe/evab133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The large spectrum of hearing sensitivity observed in primates results from the impact of environmental and behavioral pressures to optimize sound perception and localization. Although evidence of positive selection in auditory genes has been detected in mammals including in Hominoids, selection has never been investigated in other primates. We analyzed 123 genes highly expressed in the inner ear of 27 primate species and tested to what extent positive selection may have shaped these genes in the order Primates tree. We combined both site and branch-site tests to obtain a comprehensive picture of the positively selected genes (PSGs) involved in hearing sensitivity, and drew a detailed description of the most affected branches in the tree. We chose a conservative approach, and thus focused on confounding factors potentially affecting PSG signals (alignment, GC-biased gene conversion, duplications, heterogeneous sequencing qualities). Using site tests, we showed that around 12% of these genes are PSGs, an α selection value consistent with average human genome estimates (10-15%). Using branch-site tests, we showed that the primate tree is heterogeneously affected by positive selection, with the black snub-nosed monkey, the bushbaby, and the orangutan, being the most impacted branches. A large proportion of these genes is inclined to shape hair cells and stereocilia, which are involved in the mechanotransduction process, known to influence frequency perception. Adaptive selection, and more specifically recurrent adaptive evolution, could have acted in parallel on a set of genes (ADGRV1, USH2A, PCDH15, PTPRQ, and ATP8A2) involved in stereocilia growth and the whole complex of bundle links connecting them, in species across different habitats, including high altitude and nocturnal environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreia Moreira
- Anthropologie Moléculaire et Imagerie de Synthèse (AMIS), Faculté de Médecine Purpan, CNRS UMR5288, Université de Toulouse, Université Toulouse III Paul Sabatier, France.,Institut de Recherche en Informatique de Toulouse (IRIT), CNRS UMR5505, Université Toulouse III Paul Sabatier, France
| | - Myriam Croze
- Anthropologie Moléculaire et Imagerie de Synthèse (AMIS), Faculté de Médecine Purpan, CNRS UMR5288, Université de Toulouse, Université Toulouse III Paul Sabatier, France
| | - Franklin Delehelle
- Anthropologie Moléculaire et Imagerie de Synthèse (AMIS), Faculté de Médecine Purpan, CNRS UMR5288, Université de Toulouse, Université Toulouse III Paul Sabatier, France.,Institut de Recherche en Informatique de Toulouse (IRIT), CNRS UMR5505, Université Toulouse III Paul Sabatier, France
| | - Sylvain Cussat-Blanc
- Institut de Recherche en Informatique de Toulouse (IRIT), CNRS UMR5505, Université Toulouse III Paul Sabatier, France
| | - Hervé Luga
- Institut de Recherche en Informatique de Toulouse (IRIT), CNRS UMR5505, Université Toulouse III Paul Sabatier, France
| | - Catherine Mollereau
- Anthropologie Moléculaire et Imagerie de Synthèse (AMIS), Faculté de Médecine Purpan, CNRS UMR5288, Université de Toulouse, Université Toulouse III Paul Sabatier, France
| | - Patricia Balaresque
- Anthropologie Moléculaire et Imagerie de Synthèse (AMIS), Faculté de Médecine Purpan, CNRS UMR5288, Université de Toulouse, Université Toulouse III Paul Sabatier, France
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3
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Hoover KC. Sensory disruption and sensory inequities in the Anthropocene. Evol Anthropol 2021; 30:128-140. [PMID: 33580579 DOI: 10.1002/evan.21882] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2019] [Revised: 02/27/2020] [Accepted: 10/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Anthropogenic disruptions to animal sensory ecology are as old as our species. But what about the effect on human sensory ecology? Human sensory dysfunction is increasing globally at great economic and health costs (mental, physical, and social). Contemporary sensory problems are directly tied to human behavioral changes and activity as well as anthropogenic pollution. The evolutionary sensory ecology and anthropogenic disruptions to three human senses (vision, audition, olfaction) are examined along with the economic and health costs of functionally reduced senses and demographic risk factors contributing to impairment. The primary goals of the paper are (a) to sew an evolutionary and ecological thread through clinical narratives on sensory dysfunction that highlights the impact of the built environment on the senses, and (b) to highlight structural, demographic, and environmental injustices that create sensory inequities in risk and that promote health disparities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kara C Hoover
- Department of Anthropology, University of Alaska, Fairbanks, Alaska, USA
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Hernani Lineros LM, Chimènes A, Maille A, Dingess K, Rumiz DI, Adret P. Response of Bolivian gray titi monkeys ( Plecturocebus donacophilus) to an anthropogenic noise gradient: behavioral and hormonal correlates. PeerJ 2020; 8:e10417. [PMID: 33240684 PMCID: PMC7682439 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.10417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2020] [Accepted: 11/02/2020] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Worldwide urban expansion and deforestation have caused a rapid decline of non-human primates in recent decades. Yet, little is known to what extent these animals can tolerate anthropogenic noise arising from roadway traffic and human presence in their habitat. We studied six family groups of titis residing at increasing distances from a busy highway, in a park promoting ecotourism near Santa Cruz de la Sierra, Bolivia. We mapped group movements, sampled the titis’ behavior, collected fecal samples from each study group and conducted experiments in which we used a mannequin simulating a human intrusion in their home range. We hypothesized that groups of titi monkeys exposed to higher levels of anthropogenic noise and human presence would react weakly to the mannequin and show higher concentrations of fecal cortisol compared with groups in least perturbed areas. Sound pressure measurements and systematic monitoring of soundscape inside the titis’ home ranges confirmed the presence of a noise gradient, best characterized by the root-mean-square (RMS) and median amplitude (M) acoustic indices; importantly, both anthropogenic noise and human presence co-varied. Study groups resided in small, overlapping home ranges and they spent most of their time resting and preferentially used the lower forest stratum for traveling and the higher levels for foraging. Focal sampling analysis revealed that the time spent moving by adult pairs was inversely correlated with noise, the behavioral change occurring within a gradient of minimum sound pressures ranging from 44 dB(A) to 52 dB(A). Validated enzyme-immunoassays of fecal samples however detected surprisingly low cortisol concentrations, unrelated to the changes observed in the RMS and M indices. Finally, titis’ response to the mannequin varied according to our expectation, with alarm calling being greater in distant groups relative to highway. Our study thus indicates reduced alarm calling through habituation to human presence and suggests a titis’ resilience to anthropogenic noise with little evidence of physiological stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucero M Hernani Lineros
- Zoología Vertebrados, Museo de Historia Natural Noel Kempff Mercado, Santa Cruz de la Sierra, Bolivia.,Carrera de Biología, Universidad Mayor de San Andrés, La Paz, Bolivia
| | - Amélie Chimènes
- Unité Eco-anthropologie UMR 7206, Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle, CNRS, Université de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Audrey Maille
- Unité Eco-anthropologie UMR 7206, Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle, CNRS, Université de Paris, Paris, France
| | | | - Damián I Rumiz
- Zoología Vertebrados, Museo de Historia Natural Noel Kempff Mercado, Santa Cruz de la Sierra, Bolivia.,Fundación Simón I. Patiño, Santa Cruz de la Sierra, Bolivia
| | - Patrice Adret
- Zoología Vertebrados, Museo de Historia Natural Noel Kempff Mercado, Santa Cruz de la Sierra, Bolivia
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Bernardi M, Couette S, Chateau Smith C, Montuire S. Middle ear pneumatization in nonhuman primates: A comparative analysis. AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL ANTHROPOLOGY 2019; 169:540-556. [DOI: 10.1002/ajpa.23848] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2018] [Revised: 12/03/2018] [Accepted: 04/16/2019] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Margot Bernardi
- EPHEPSL Research University Paris Paris France
- Biogéosciences, UMR 6282 CNRSUniversité Bourgogne Franche‐Comté Dijon France
| | - Sébastien Couette
- EPHEPSL Research University Paris Paris France
- Biogéosciences, UMR 6282 CNRSUniversité Bourgogne Franche‐Comté Dijon France
| | | | - Sophie Montuire
- EPHEPSL Research University Paris Paris France
- Biogéosciences, UMR 6282 CNRSUniversité Bourgogne Franche‐Comté Dijon France
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