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Siffredi V, Preti MG, Obertino S, Leventer RJ, Wood AG, McIlroy A, Anderson V, Spencer-Smith MM, Van De Ville D. Revisiting brain rewiring and plasticity in children born without corpus callosum. Dev Sci 2021; 24:e13126. [PMID: 34060677 PMCID: PMC8596429 DOI: 10.1111/desc.13126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2020] [Revised: 04/16/2021] [Accepted: 05/05/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The corpus callosum is the largest white matter pathway connecting homologous structures of the two cerebral hemispheres. Remarkably, children and adults with developmental absence of the corpus callosum (callosal dysgenesis, CD) show typical interhemispheric integration, which is classically impaired in adult split-brain patients, for whom the corpus callosum is surgically severed. Tovar-Moll and colleagues (2014) proposed alternative neural pathways involved in the preservation of interhemispheric transfer. In a sample of six adults with CD, they revealed two homotopic bundles crossing the midline via the anterior and posterior commissures and connecting parietal cortices, and the microstructural properties of these aberrant bundles were associated with functional connectivity of these regions. The aberrant bundles were specific to CD and not visualised in healthy brains. We extended this study in a developmental cohort of 20 children with CD and 29 typically developing controls (TDC). The two anomalous white-matter bundles were visualised using tractography. Associations between structural properties of these bundles and their regional functional connectivity were explored. The proposed atypical bundles were observed in 30% of our CD cohort crossing via the anterior commissure, and in 30% crossing via the posterior commissure (also observed in 6.9% of TDC). However, the structural property measures of these bundles were not associated with parietal functional connectivity, bringing into question their role and implication for interhemispheric functional connectivity in CD. It is possible that very early disruption of embryological callosal development enhances neuroplasticity and facilitates the formation of these proposed alternative neural pathways, but further evidence is needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vanessa Siffredi
- Medical Image Processing Lab, Institute of Bioengineering, Center for Neuroprosthetics, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Lausanne, VD, Switzerland.,Department of Radiology and Medical Informatics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland.,Brain and Mind Research, Clinical Sciences, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Melbourne, Australia.,Division of Development and Growth, Department of Paediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Maria G Preti
- Medical Image Processing Lab, Institute of Bioengineering, Center for Neuroprosthetics, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Lausanne, VD, Switzerland.,Department of Radiology and Medical Informatics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland.,CIBM Center for Biomedical Imaging, Switzerland
| | - Silvia Obertino
- Medical Image Processing Lab, Institute of Bioengineering, Center for Neuroprosthetics, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Lausanne, VD, Switzerland.,Department of Radiology and Medical Informatics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Richard J Leventer
- Department of Paediatrics, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia.,Department of Neurology, Royal Children's Hospital, Melbourne, Australia.,Neuroscience Research, Clinical Sciences, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Amanda G Wood
- Brain and Mind Research, Clinical Sciences, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Melbourne, Australia.,School of Life and Health Sciences & Aston Neuroscience Institute, Aston University, Birmingham, UK.,School of Psychology, Faculty of Health, Melbourne Burwood Campus, Deakin University, Geelong, Victoria, Australia
| | - Alissandra McIlroy
- Brain and Mind Research, Clinical Sciences, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Vicki Anderson
- Brain and Mind Research, Clinical Sciences, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Melbourne, Australia.,Neuroscience Research, Clinical Sciences, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Melbourne, Australia.,School of Psychological Sciences, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia.,Department of Psychology, Royal Children's Hospital, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Megan M Spencer-Smith
- Brain and Mind Research, Clinical Sciences, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Melbourne, Australia.,Turner Institute for Brain and Mental Health, School of Psychological Sciences, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Dimitri Van De Ville
- Medical Image Processing Lab, Institute of Bioengineering, Center for Neuroprosthetics, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Lausanne, VD, Switzerland.,Department of Radiology and Medical Informatics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland.,CIBM Center for Biomedical Imaging, Switzerland
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