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Rodriguez M, Zaytseva Y, Cvrčková A, Dvořaček B, Dorazilová A, Jonáš J, Šustová P, Voráčková V, Hájková M, Kratochvílová Z, Španiel F, Mohr P. Cognitive Profiles and Functional Connectivity in First-Episode Schizophrenia Spectrum Disorders - Linking Behavioral and Neuronal Data. Front Psychol 2019; 10:689. [PMID: 31001171 PMCID: PMC6454196 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2019.00689] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2018] [Accepted: 03/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The character of cognitive deficit in schizophrenia is not clear due to the heterogeneity in research results. In heterogeneous conditions, the cluster solution allows the classification of individuals based on profiles. Our aim was to examine the cognitive profiles of first-episode schizophrenia spectrum disorder (FES) subjects based on cluster analysis, and to correlate these profiles with clinical variables and resting state brain connectivity, as measured with magnetic resonance imaging. A total of 67 FES subjects were assessed with a neuropsychological test battery and on clinical variables. The results of the cognitive domains were cluster analyzed. In addition, functional connectivity was calculated using ROI-to-ROI analysis with four groups: Three groups were defined based on the cluster analysis of cognitive performance and a control group with a normal cognitive performance. The connectivity was compared between the patient clusters and controls. We found different cognitive profiles based on three clusters: Cluster 1: decline in the attention, working memory/flexibility, and verbal memory domains. Cluster 2: decline in the verbal memory domain and above average performance in the attention domain. Cluster 3: generalized and severe deficit in all of the cognitive domains. FES diagnoses were distributed among all of the clusters. Cluster comparisons in neural connectivity also showed differences between the groups. Cluster 1 showed both hyperconnectivity between the cerebellum and precentral gyrus, the salience network (SN) (insula cortex), and fronto-parietal network (FPN) as well as between the PreCG and SN (insula cortex) and hypoconnectivity between the default mode network (DMN) and seeds of SN [insula and supramarginal gyrus (SMG)]; Cluster 2 showed hyperconnectivity between the DMN and cerebellum, SN (insula) and precentral gyrus, and FPN and IFG; Cluster 3 showed hypoconnectivity between the DMN and SN (insula) and SN (SMG) and pallidum. The cluster solution confirms the prevalence of a cognitive decline with different patterns of cognitive performance, and different levels of severity in FES. Moreover, separate behavioral cognitive subsets can be linked to patterns of brain functional connectivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mabel Rodriguez
- National Institute of Mental Health, Klecany, Czechia
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Arts, Charles University in Prague, Prague, Czechia
| | - Yuliya Zaytseva
- National Institute of Mental Health, Klecany, Czechia
- Third Faculty of Medicine, Charles University in Prague, Prague, Czechia
| | - Aneta Cvrčková
- National Institute of Mental Health, Klecany, Czechia
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Social Studies, Masaryk University, Brno, Czechia
| | - Boris Dvořaček
- National Institute of Mental Health, Klecany, Czechia
- Third Faculty of Medicine, Charles University in Prague, Prague, Czechia
| | - Aneta Dorazilová
- National Institute of Mental Health, Klecany, Czechia
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Arts, Masaryk University, Brno, Czechia
| | - Juraj Jonáš
- National Institute of Mental Health, Klecany, Czechia
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Arts, Charles University in Prague, Prague, Czechia
| | - Petra Šustová
- National Institute of Mental Health, Klecany, Czechia
| | - Veronika Voráčková
- National Institute of Mental Health, Klecany, Czechia
- Third Faculty of Medicine, Charles University in Prague, Prague, Czechia
| | - Marie Hájková
- National Institute of Mental Health, Klecany, Czechia
| | | | - Filip Španiel
- National Institute of Mental Health, Klecany, Czechia
- Third Faculty of Medicine, Charles University in Prague, Prague, Czechia
| | - Pavel Mohr
- National Institute of Mental Health, Klecany, Czechia
- Third Faculty of Medicine, Charles University in Prague, Prague, Czechia
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