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Mirvakili SM, Hunter IW. Artificial Muscles: Mechanisms, Applications, and Challenges. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2018; 30:1704407. [PMID: 29250838 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201704407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 323] [Impact Index Per Article: 53.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2017] [Revised: 09/10/2017] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
The area of artificial muscle is a highly interdisciplinary field of research that has evolved rapidly in the last 30 years. Recent advances in nanomaterial fabrication and characterization, specifically carbon nanotubes and nanowires, have had major contributions in the development of artificial muscles. However, what can artificial muscles really do for humans? This question is considered here by first examining nature's solutions to this design problem and then discussing the structure, actuation mechanism, applications, and limitations of recently developed artificial muscles, including highly oriented semicrystalline polymer fibers; nanocomposite actuators; twisted nanofiber yarns; thermally activated shape-memory alloys; ionic-polymer/metal composites; dielectric-elastomer actuators; conducting polymers; stimuli-responsive gels; piezoelectric, electrostrictive, magnetostrictive, and photostrictive actuators; photoexcited actuators; electrostatic actuators; and pneumatic actuators.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seyed M Mirvakili
- BioInstrumentation Laboratory, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
| | - Ian W Hunter
- BioInstrumentation Laboratory, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
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Dembahri Z, Le Gac S, Tobal K, Chirani N, Rolando C, Benmouna F, Benmouna M. Polymer phase transition in n-lauryl methacrylate monoliths. POLYM INT 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/pi.5123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zahra Dembahri
- Université de Lille, CNRS, USR 3290, MSAP; Miniaturisation pour la Synthèse l'Analyse et la Protéomique; F-59000 Lille France
- Université de Lille, CNRS, FR 2638; Institut Eugène-Michel Chevreul; FR CNRS F-59000 Lille France
- Macromolecular Research Laboratory; Faculty of Sciences; University of Tlemcen BP119 Algeria
| | - Séverine Le Gac
- Université de Lille, CNRS, USR 3290, MSAP; Miniaturisation pour la Synthèse l'Analyse et la Protéomique; F-59000 Lille France
- Université de Lille, CNRS, FR 2638; Institut Eugène-Michel Chevreul; FR CNRS F-59000 Lille France
- MIRA Institute, MESA+ Institute for Nanotechnology; University of Twente The Netherlands
| | - Kamal Tobal
- Université de Lille, CNRS, USR 3290, MSAP; Miniaturisation pour la Synthèse l'Analyse et la Protéomique; F-59000 Lille France
- Université de Lille, CNRS, FR 2638; Institut Eugène-Michel Chevreul; FR CNRS F-59000 Lille France
| | - Naziha Chirani
- Université de Lille, CNRS, USR 3290, MSAP; Miniaturisation pour la Synthèse l'Analyse et la Protéomique; F-59000 Lille France
- Université de Lille, CNRS, FR 2638; Institut Eugène-Michel Chevreul; FR CNRS F-59000 Lille France
- Macromolecular Research Laboratory; Faculty of Sciences; University of Tlemcen BP119 Algeria
| | - Christian Rolando
- Université de Lille, CNRS, USR 3290, MSAP; Miniaturisation pour la Synthèse l'Analyse et la Protéomique; F-59000 Lille France
- Université de Lille, CNRS, FR 2638; Institut Eugène-Michel Chevreul; FR CNRS F-59000 Lille France
| | - Farida Benmouna
- Macromolecular Research Laboratory; Faculty of Sciences; University of Tlemcen BP119 Algeria
| | - Mustapha Benmouna
- Macromolecular Research Laboratory; Faculty of Sciences; University of Tlemcen BP119 Algeria
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Yu Y, Chau Y. Formulation of in situ chemically cross-linked hydrogel depots for protein release: from the blob model perspective. Biomacromolecules 2014; 16:56-65. [PMID: 25314589 DOI: 10.1021/bm501063n] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
The fast release rate and the undesirable covalent binding are two major problems often encountered in formulating in situ chemically cross-linked hydrogel as protein release depot, particularly when prolonged release over months is desirable. In this study, we applied the De Gennes' blob theory to analyze and tackle these two problems using a vinylsulfone-thiol (VS-SH) reaction based in situ hydrogel system. We showed that the simple scaling relation ξb ≈ Rg(c/c*)(-v/(3v-1)) is applicable to the in situ hydrogel and the mesh size estimated from the precursor polymer parameters is a reasonable match to experimental results. On the other hand, as predicted by the theory and confirmed by experiments, the drug diffusion within hydrogel depends mainly on polymer concentration but not the degree of modification (DM). The covalent binding was found to be caused by the mismatch of location between the reactive groups and the entanglement points. The mismatch and, thus, the protein binding were minimized by increasing the DM and concentration of the SH polymer relative to the VS polymer, as predicted by theory. Using these principles, an in situ hydrogel system for the controlled release of an antiangiogenic antibody therapeutics bevacizumab for 3 months was developed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Yu
- Division of Biomedical Engineering and ‡Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology , Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
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Chalal M, Ehrburger-Dolle F, Morfin I, Bley F, Aguilar de Armas MR, López Donaire ML, San Roman J, Bölgen N, Pişkin E, Ziane O, Casalegno R. SAXS Investigation of the Effect of Temperature on the Multiscale Structure of a Macroporous Poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) Gel. Macromolecules 2010. [DOI: 10.1021/ma902655h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mohand Chalal
- Laboratoire de Spectrométrie Physique, UMR 5588 CNRS-UJF, 38402 Saint Martin d'Hères, France
- Laboratoire d’Electronique Quantique, Faculté de Physique, USTHB, El-Alia Bab-Ezzouar, 16111 Alger and Département de Physique, Faculté des Sciences, UMBB, 35000 Boumerdès, Algeria
| | | | - Isabelle Morfin
- Laboratoire de Spectrométrie Physique, UMR 5588 CNRS-UJF, 38402 Saint Martin d'Hères, France
| | - Françoise Bley
- Science et Ingénierie des Matériaux et Procédés, UMR5266 CNRS-UJF-INPG, 38402 Saint-Martin d'Hères, France
| | - Maria-Rosa Aguilar de Armas
- Instituto de Ciencia y Tecnología de Polímeros, CSIC and CIBER-BBN, C/Juan de la Cierva, 3, 28006 Madrid, Spain
| | - María-Luisa López Donaire
- Instituto de Ciencia y Tecnología de Polímeros, CSIC and CIBER-BBN, C/Juan de la Cierva, 3, 28006 Madrid, Spain
| | - Julio San Roman
- Instituto de Ciencia y Tecnología de Polímeros, CSIC and CIBER-BBN, C/Juan de la Cierva, 3, 28006 Madrid, Spain
| | - Nimet Bölgen
- Hacettepe University, Chemical Engineering Department and Bioengineering Division, Beytepe, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Erhan Pişkin
- Hacettepe University, Chemical Engineering Department and Bioengineering Division, Beytepe, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Omar Ziane
- Laboratoire d’Electronique Quantique, Faculté de Physique, USTHB, El-Alia Bab-Ezzouar, 16111 Alger and Département de Physique, Faculté des Sciences, UMBB, 35000 Boumerdès, Algeria
| | - Roger Casalegno
- Laboratoire de Spectrométrie Physique, UMR 5588 CNRS-UJF, 38402 Saint Martin d'Hères, France
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