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Bai BMY, Wang TT, Chen XA, Wu CC. Pathogen inhibition and indication by gelatin nonwoven mats with incorporation of polyphenol derivatives. RSC Adv 2023; 13:31602-31615. [PMID: 37908665 PMCID: PMC10613854 DOI: 10.1039/d3ra05905g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2023] [Accepted: 10/19/2023] [Indexed: 11/02/2023] Open
Abstract
There is a need for non-pharmaceutical intervention methods that can prevent and indicate the risk of airborne disease spread. In this study, we developed a nonwoven mat based on the polyphenol gallic acid, which can inhibit pathogens growth and also indicate pathogen levels in the surrounding environment. Using nuclear magnetic resonance, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, and high-performance liquid chromatography, we characterized this novel gelatin-based nonwoven mat and investigated the mechanism governing its ability to indicate pathogen levels. We demonstrated that the incorporation of gallic acid serves a vital role in indicating the presence of bacteria, causing the nonwoven mat to change in color from white to brown. We have proposed a plausible mechanism for this color change behavior based on a reaction of gallic acid with components excreted by bacteria, including glutamate, valine, and leucine. The concentrations of these components reflect the bacterial counts, enabling a real-time indication of pathogen levels in the surrounding air. In summary, the nonwoven mat presented herein can serve as an excellent antibacterial agent and as an indicator of nearby bacteria for fabricating personal protection equipment like filtration mask.
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Affiliation(s)
- By Meng-Yi Bai
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Engineering and Biomedical Engineering Program, Graduate Institute of Applied Science and Technology, National Taiwan University of Science and Technology TR-917, AAEON Building, No. 43, Keelung Rd., Sec. 4, Da'an Dist. Taipei City 10607 Taiwan Republic of China
- Adjunct Appointment to the National Defense Medical Center Taipei 11490 Taiwan Republic of China
| | - Ting-Teng Wang
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Engineering and Biomedical Engineering Program, Graduate Institute of Applied Science and Technology, National Taiwan University of Science and Technology TR-917, AAEON Building, No. 43, Keelung Rd., Sec. 4, Da'an Dist. Taipei City 10607 Taiwan Republic of China
| | - Xin-An Chen
- Institute of Prevention Medicine, National Defense Medical Center Taipei 11490 Taiwan Republic of China
| | - Chia-Chun Wu
- Institute of Prevention Medicine, National Defense Medical Center Taipei 11490 Taiwan Republic of China
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Palli L, Tilli S, Gregorio SD, Scozzafava A, Gori R. Treatment of NSAPs-rich petrochemical wastewaters using a two-stage combined process of fungi and activated sludge. ENVIRONMENTAL TECHNOLOGY 2021; 42:3783-3796. [PMID: 32249698 DOI: 10.1080/09593330.2020.1752814] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2019] [Accepted: 03/05/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
A two-stage biological process using fungi and bacteria was set-up and tested for treating a petrochemical wastewater containing naphthalene sulphonic acid polymers. The fungal treatment was carried out through a trickling filter inoculated with Pleurotus ostreatus attached on Luffa cylindrica acting as both physical support and carbon source. The fungal reactor was operated in non-sterile conditions setting two pH values (5 and 6) and two hydraulic retention times (2 d and 3 d). The effluent was then sent to an activated sludge reactor operating the second stage of the treatment. Using an HPLC-based technique, it was observed that the fungal reactor was capable of reducing the polymerization grade of naphthalene sulphonic acid polymers up to 35%, thus increasing significantly the biodegradability of the petrochemical wastewater, from the initial 9% to 46%. The two-stage process allowed to remove about 50% of the total COD much higher than 9% that can be achieved with activated sludge alone. The use of Luffa cylindrica as support for fungi allowed to limit bacterial contamination of the trickling filter and enhanced enzymatic production (on average 20 U/L of Laccase) without any release of non-biodegradable by-products in the effluent. Extraction and PCR-amplification of fungal DNA was carried out along with over 70 d running process in order to monitor the changes of the fungal community inside the reactors. Results showed that Meyerozyma, Fusarium and Thricoderma, spp. developed inside the reactor with Thricoderma, spp. representing the main constituent of fungal biomass at the end of the experiment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Palli
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Silvia Tilli
- Department of Chemistry "Ugo Schiff", University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | | | - Andrea Scozzafava
- Department of Chemistry "Ugo Schiff", University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Riccardo Gori
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
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A proposed stepwise screening framework for the selection of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH)-degrading white rot fungi. Bioprocess Biosyst Eng 2020; 43:767-783. [PMID: 31938872 DOI: 10.1007/s00449-019-02272-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2019] [Accepted: 12/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
This study suggests a simple three-step screening protocol for the selection of white rot fungi (WRF) capable of degrading polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), which combines easily applicable bioassay techniques, and verifies that protocol by evaluating the PAH degradation activity, ligninolytic enzyme secretion, and relevant gene expressions of the selected PAH-degraders. Using 120 fungal strains, a sequence of bioassay techniques was applied: Bavendamm's reaction (Step 1), remazol brilliant blue R (RBBR) decolorization (Step 2); assays for tolerance to four mixed PAHs-phenanthrene, anthracene, fluoranthene, and pyrene (Step 3). This stepwise protocol selected 14 PAH-degrading WRF, including Microporus vernicipes, Peniophora incarnata, Perenniporia subacida, Phanerochaete sordida, Phlebia acerina, and Phlebia radiata. Of these, P. incarnata exhibited the highest PAH degradative activity, ranging from 40 to > 90%, which was related to the time-variable secretions of three extracellular ligninolytic enzymes: laccase, manganese-dependent peroxidase (MnP) and lignin peroxidase (LiP). Laccase and MnP production by P. incarnata tended to be greater in the early stages of PAH degradation, whereas its LiP production became intensified with decreasing laccase and MnP production. Pilc1 and pimp1 genes encoding laccase and MnP were expressed, indicating the occurrence of extracellular enzyme-driven biodegradation of PAH by the fungal strains.
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Serbent MP, Rebelo AM, Pinheiro A, Giongo A, Tavares LBB. Biological agents for 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid herbicide degradation. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2019; 103:5065-5078. [DOI: 10.1007/s00253-019-09838-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2018] [Revised: 03/12/2019] [Accepted: 04/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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Detoxification and Bioremediation of Sulfa Drugs and Synthetic Dyes by Streptomyces mutabilis A17 Laccase Produced in Solid State Fermentation. JOURNAL OF PURE AND APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY 2019. [DOI: 10.22207/jpam.13.1.09] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/07/2022] Open
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Sharma JK, Gautam RK, Nanekar SV, Weber R, Singh BK, Singh SK, Juwarkar AA. Advances and perspective in bioremediation of polychlorinated biphenyl-contaminated soils. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2018; 25:16355-16375. [PMID: 28488147 PMCID: PMC6360087 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-017-8995-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2016] [Accepted: 04/04/2017] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
In recent years, microbial degradation and bioremediation approaches of polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) have been studied extensively considering their toxicity, carcinogenicity and persistency potential in the environment. In this direction, different catabolic enzymes have been identified and reported for biodegradation of different PCB congeners along with optimization of biological processes. A genome analysis of PCB-degrading bacteria has led in an improved understanding of their metabolic potential and adaptation to stressful conditions. However, many stones in this area are left unturned. For example, the role and diversity of uncultivable microbes in PCB degradation are still not fully understood. Improved knowledge and understanding on this front will open up new avenues for improved bioremediation technologies which will bring economic, environmental and societal benefits. This article highlights on recent advances in bioremediation of PCBs in soil. It is demonstrated that bioremediation is the most effective and innovative technology which includes biostimulation, bioaugmentation, phytoremediation and rhizoremediation and acts as a model solution for pollution abatement. More recently, transgenic plants and genetically modified microorganisms have proved to be revolutionary in the bioremediation of PCBs. Additionally, other important aspects such as pretreatment using chemical/physical agents for enhanced biodegradation are also addressed. Efforts have been made to identify challenges, research gaps and necessary approaches which in future, can be harnessed for successful use of bioremediation under field conditions. Emphases have been given on the quality/efficiency of bioremediation technology and its related cost which determines its ultimate acceptability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jitendra K Sharma
- CSIR-National Environmental Engineering Research Institute (CSIR-NEERI), Nehru Marg, Nagpur, 440020, India
| | - Ravindra K Gautam
- CSIR-National Environmental Engineering Research Institute (CSIR-NEERI), Nehru Marg, Nagpur, 440020, India
- Environmental Chemistry Research Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, University of Allahabad, Allahabad, 211002, India
| | - Sneha V Nanekar
- CSIR-National Environmental Engineering Research Institute (CSIR-NEERI), Nehru Marg, Nagpur, 440020, India
| | - Roland Weber
- POPs Environmental Consulting, Göppingen, Germany
| | - Brajesh K Singh
- Hawkesbury Institute for the Environment, University of Western Sidney, Sidney, Australia
| | - Sanjeev K Singh
- CSIR-National Environmental Engineering Research Institute (CSIR-NEERI), Nehru Marg, Nagpur, 440020, India
| | - Asha A Juwarkar
- CSIR-National Environmental Engineering Research Institute (CSIR-NEERI), Nehru Marg, Nagpur, 440020, India.
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Toushik SH, Lee KT, Lee JS, Kim KS. Functional Applications of Lignocellulolytic Enzymes in the Fruit and Vegetable Processing Industries. J Food Sci 2017; 82:585-593. [PMID: 28152204 DOI: 10.1111/1750-3841.13636] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2016] [Revised: 12/23/2016] [Accepted: 01/04/2017] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Cellulose, hemicellulose, pectin (carbohydrate), and lignin (noncarbohydrate) polymers are the main substrates of lignocellulose-degrading enzymes. They are present in large amounts in the primary cell wall and dietary fibers of major fruits and vegetables. During processing of fruits and vegetables to the corresponding final food products, lignocellulosic substrates are hydrolyzed by different lignocellulolytic enzymes. Currently, lignocellulolytic enzymes such as cellulases, xylanases, pectinases, and laccases are extensively used during the processing of fruits and vegetables, in applications like texturizing and flavoring of products in the food industries. The present article provides an updated overview of functional applications of lignocellulolytic enzymes in the juice processing, oil extraction, and alcoholic beverage processing industries. Extensive use of lignocellulolytic enzymes in different food processing industries not only accelerates the production rates but also improves product quality. It is also possible to ensure the efficient use of fruits and vegetables globally by employing lignocellulolytic enzymes in the corresponding processing industries to convert them into food commodities, which will not only raise their economic value in the global market but also increase food availability, which will help mitigate nutritional problems worldwide.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Kyung-Tai Lee
- Animal Genomics and Bioinformatics Div., Natl. Inst. of Animal Science, Rural Development Administration, Wanju, 565-851, South Korea
| | - Jin-Sung Lee
- Dept. of Biological Sciences, Kyonggi Univ., Suwon, 442-760, South Korea
| | - Keun-Sung Kim
- Dept. of Food Science and Technology, Chung-Ang Univ., Ansung, 456-756, South Korea
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Falade AO, Nwodo UU, Iweriebor BC, Green E, Mabinya LV, Okoh AI. Lignin peroxidase functionalities and prospective applications. Microbiologyopen 2017; 6:e00394. [PMID: 27605423 PMCID: PMC5300883 DOI: 10.1002/mbo3.394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 114] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2016] [Revised: 06/18/2016] [Accepted: 06/28/2016] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Ligninolytic extracellular enzymes, including lignin peroxidase, are topical owing to their high redox potential and prospective industrial applications. The prospective applications of lignin peroxidase span through sectors such as biorefinery, textile, energy, bioremediation, cosmetology, and dermatology industries. The litany of potentials attributed to lignin peroxidase is occasioned by its versatility in the degradation of xenobiotics and compounds with both phenolic and non-phenolic constituents. Over the years, ligninolytic enzymes have been studied however; research on lignin peroxidase seems to have been lagging when compared to other ligninolytic enzymes which are extracellular in nature including laccase and manganese peroxidase. This assertion becomes more pronounced when the application of lignin peroxidase is put into perspective. Consequently, a succinct documentation of the contemporary functionalities of lignin peroxidase and, some prospective applications of futuristic relevance has been advanced in this review. Some articulated applications include delignification of feedstock for ethanol production, textile effluent treatment and dye decolourization, coal depolymerization, treatment of hyperpigmentation, and skin-lightening through melanin oxidation. Prospective application of lignin peroxidase in skin-lightening functions through novel mechanisms, hence, it holds high value for the cosmetics sector where it may serve as suitable alternative to hydroquinone; a potent skin-lightening agent whose safety has generated lots of controversy and concern.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayodeji O. Falade
- SAMRC Microbial Water Quality Monitoring CentreUniversity of Fort HareAliceSouth Africa
- Applied and Environmental Microbiology Research Group (AEMREG)Department of Biochemistry and MicrobiologyUniversity of Fort HareAliceSouth Africa
| | - Uchechukwu U. Nwodo
- SAMRC Microbial Water Quality Monitoring CentreUniversity of Fort HareAliceSouth Africa
- Applied and Environmental Microbiology Research Group (AEMREG)Department of Biochemistry and MicrobiologyUniversity of Fort HareAliceSouth Africa
| | - Benson C. Iweriebor
- SAMRC Microbial Water Quality Monitoring CentreUniversity of Fort HareAliceSouth Africa
- Applied and Environmental Microbiology Research Group (AEMREG)Department of Biochemistry and MicrobiologyUniversity of Fort HareAliceSouth Africa
| | - Ezekiel Green
- SAMRC Microbial Water Quality Monitoring CentreUniversity of Fort HareAliceSouth Africa
- Applied and Environmental Microbiology Research Group (AEMREG)Department of Biochemistry and MicrobiologyUniversity of Fort HareAliceSouth Africa
| | - Leonard V. Mabinya
- SAMRC Microbial Water Quality Monitoring CentreUniversity of Fort HareAliceSouth Africa
- Applied and Environmental Microbiology Research Group (AEMREG)Department of Biochemistry and MicrobiologyUniversity of Fort HareAliceSouth Africa
| | - Anthony I. Okoh
- SAMRC Microbial Water Quality Monitoring CentreUniversity of Fort HareAliceSouth Africa
- Applied and Environmental Microbiology Research Group (AEMREG)Department of Biochemistry and MicrobiologyUniversity of Fort HareAliceSouth Africa
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Kaur H, Kapoor S, Kaur G. Application of ligninolytic potentials of a white-rot fungus Ganoderma lucidum for degradation of lindane. ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING AND ASSESSMENT 2016; 188:588. [PMID: 27670886 DOI: 10.1007/s10661-016-5606-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2016] [Accepted: 09/15/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Lindane, a broad-spectrum organochlorine pesticide, has caused a widespread environmental contamination along with other pesticides due to wrong agricultural practices. The high efficiency, sustainability and eco-friendly nature of the bioremediation process provide an edge over traditional physico-chemical remediation for managing pesticide pollution. In the present study, lindane degradation was studied by using a white-rot fungus, Ganoderma lucidum GL-2 strain, grown on rice bran substrate for ligninolytic enzyme induction at 30 °C and pH 5.6 after incorporation of 4 and 40 ppm lindane in liquid as well as solid-state fermentation. The estimation of lindane residue was carried out by gas chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry (GC-MS) in the selected ion monitoring mode. In liquid-state fermentation, 100.13 U/ml laccase, 50.96 U/ml manganese peroxidase and 17.43 U/ml lignin peroxidase enzymes were obtained with a maximum of 75.50 % lindane degradation on the 28th day of incubation period, whereas under the solid-state fermentation system, 156.82 U/g laccase, 80.11 U/g manganese peroxidase and 18.61 U/g lignin peroxidase enzyme activities with 37.50 % lindane degradation were obtained. The lindane incorporation was inhibitory to the production of ligninolytic enzymes and its own degradation but was stimulatory for extracellular protein production. The dialysed crude enzyme extracts of ligninolytic enzymes were though efficient in lindane degradation during in vitro studies, but their efficiencies tend to decrease with an increase in the incubation period. Hence, lindane-degrading capabilities of G. lucidum GL-2 strain make it a potential candidate for managing lindane bioremediation at contaminated sites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Harsimran Kaur
- Department of Microbiology, College of Basic Sciences and Humanities, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, Punjab, 141004, India.
| | - Shammi Kapoor
- Department of Microbiology, College of Basic Sciences and Humanities, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, Punjab, 141004, India
| | - Gaganjyot Kaur
- Department of Entomology, College of Agriculture, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, Punjab, 141004, India
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Itoh K, Kinoshita M, Morishita S, Chida M, Suyama K. Characterization of 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid and 2,4,5-trichlorophenoxyacetic acid-degrading fungi in Vietnamese soils. FEMS Microbiol Ecol 2012; 84:124-32. [DOI: 10.1111/1574-6941.12043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2012] [Revised: 11/05/2012] [Accepted: 11/06/2012] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Kazuhito Itoh
- Faculty of Life and Environmental Science; Shimane University; Matsue; Shimane; Japan
| | - Masahiro Kinoshita
- Faculty of Life and Environmental Science; Shimane University; Matsue; Shimane; Japan
| | - Shigeyuki Morishita
- Faculty of Life and Environmental Science; Shimane University; Matsue; Shimane; Japan
| | - Masateru Chida
- Faculty of Life and Environmental Science; Shimane University; Matsue; Shimane; Japan
| | - Kousuke Suyama
- Faculty of Life and Environmental Science; Shimane University; Matsue; Shimane; Japan
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