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Andrade Ferreira LD, Ferreira H, Cavaco S, Cameirão M, I Badia SB. User Experience of Interactive Technologies for People With Dementia: Comparative Observational Study. JMIR Serious Games 2020; 8:e17565. [PMID: 32755894 PMCID: PMC7439148 DOI: 10.2196/17565] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2019] [Revised: 04/15/2020] [Accepted: 06/09/2020] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Serious games (SGs) are used as complementary approaches to stimulate patients with dementia. However, many of the SGs use out-of-the-shelf technologies that may not always be suitable for such populations, as they can lead to negative behaviors, such as anxiety, fatigue, and even cybersickness. Objective This study aims to evaluate how patients with dementia interact and accept 5 out-of-the-shelf technologies while completing 10 virtual reality tasks. Methods A total of 12 participants diagnosed with dementia (mean age 75.08 [SD 8.07] years, mean Mini-Mental State Examination score 17.33 [SD 5.79], and mean schooling 5.55 [SD 3.30]) at a health care center in Portugal were invited to participate in this study. A within-subject experimental design was used to allow all participants to interact with all technologies, such as HTC VIVE, head-mounted display (HMD), tablet, mouse, augmented reality (AR), leap motion (LM), and a combination of HMD with LM. Participants’ performance was quantified through behavioral and verbal responses, which were captured through video recordings and written notes. Results The findings of this study revealed that the user experience using technology was dependent on the patient profile; the patients had a better user experience when they use technologies with direct interaction configuration as opposed to indirect interaction configuration in terms of assistance required (P=.01) and comprehension (P=.01); the participants did not trigger any emotional responses when using any of the technologies; the participants’ performance was task-dependent; the most cost-effective technology was the mouse, whereas the least cost-effective was AR; and all the technologies, except for one (HMD with LM), were not exposed to external hazards. Conclusions Most participants were able to perform tasks using out-of-the-shelf technologies. However, there is no perfect technology, as they are not explicitly designed to address the needs and skills of people with dementia. Here, we propose a set of guidelines that aim to help health professionals and engineers maximize user experience when using such technologies for the population with dementia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luis Duarte Andrade Ferreira
- NOVA LINCS, Dep de Informática, Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal.,Madeira Interactive Technologies Institute, Universidade Madeira, Funchal, Portugal
| | - Henrique Ferreira
- Madeira Interactive Technologies Institute, Universidade Madeira, Funchal, Portugal.,Faculdade de Ciências Exatas e da Engenharia, Universidade da Madeira, Funchal, Portugal
| | - Sofia Cavaco
- NOVA LINCS, Dep de Informática, Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Mónica Cameirão
- NOVA LINCS, Dep de Informática, Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal.,Madeira Interactive Technologies Institute, Universidade Madeira, Funchal, Portugal.,Faculdade de Ciências Exatas e da Engenharia, Universidade da Madeira, Funchal, Portugal
| | - Sergi Bermúdez I Badia
- NOVA LINCS, Dep de Informática, Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal.,Madeira Interactive Technologies Institute, Universidade Madeira, Funchal, Portugal.,Faculdade de Ciências Exatas e da Engenharia, Universidade da Madeira, Funchal, Portugal
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Bakker M, Beijer L, Rietveld T. Considerations on Effective Feedback in Computerized Speech Training for Dysarthric Speakers. Telemed J E Health 2018; 25:351-358. [PMID: 30074851 DOI: 10.1089/tmj.2018.0050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction: In this article, we consider the role of feedback in computerized speech training for patients with dysarthric speech due to acquired neurological disorders such as Parkinson's disease and stroke. Methods: Based on literature from different fields, we review several issues that play a role when designing feedback for computerized speech training, including serious games. Results: Which speech dimensions (e.g., articulation, loudness) to target in computerized speech feedback, and at what level of detail to provide the feedback, depend on the focus of the specific speech therapy and the technical feasibility of providing reliable speech feedback. Furthermore, feedback that provides knowledge of results generally appears equally effective as knowledge of performance feedback, and is more easily provided in computerized speech training systems. Implicit feedback can be more motivating than explicit feedback (e.g., in serious games), but may be harder to understand. Multimodal feedback is preferred over unimodal feedback to ensure that the feedback message is optimally perceived. Mild negative task-oriented feedback can enhance effort but should be balanced with positive feedback, such as feedback referring to patients' progress. Finally, a balance should be found between the motivational advantages of high-frequency immediate feedback (e.g., in serious games) and the advantages of low-frequency and delayed feedback in preventing patients from becoming dependent on augmented feedback. Conclusions: Several aspects play a role in designing feedback for computerized speech training for dysarthric speakers. Decisions on these aspects should be made carefully, accounting for the specific characteristics of the patient group that is targeted, the focus of the specific speech therapy, and the technological possibilities that are available.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marjoke Bakker
- 1 Centre for Language and Speech Technology, Radboud University, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.,2 iXperium/Centre of Expertise Teaching and Learning with ICT, HAN University of Applied Sciences, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Lilian Beijer
- 3 Faculty of Health and Social Studies, HAN University of Applied Sciences, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.,4 Department of Research, Sint Maartenskliniek, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Toni Rietveld
- 5 Centre for Language Studies, Radboud University, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
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Astell AJ, Czarnuch S, Dove E. System Development Guidelines From a Review of Motion-Based Technology for People With Dementia or MCI. Front Psychiatry 2018; 9:189. [PMID: 29867610 PMCID: PMC5968379 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2018.00189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2018] [Accepted: 04/23/2018] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
As the population ages and the number of people living with dementia or mild cognitive impairment (MCI) continues to increase, it is critical to identify creative and innovative ways to support and improve their quality of life. Motion-based technology has shown significant potential for people living with dementia or MCI by providing opportunities for cognitive stimulation, physical activity and participation in meaningful leisure activities, while simultaneously functioning as a useful tool for research and development of interventions. However, many of the current systems created using motion-based technology have not been designed specifically for people with dementia or MCI. Additionally, the usability and accessibility of these systems for these populations has not been thoroughly considered. This paper presents a set of system development guidelines derived from a review of the state of the art of motion-based technologies for people with dementia or MCI. These guidelines highlight three overarching domains of consideration for systems targeting people with dementia or MCI: (i) cognitive, (ii) physical, and (iii) social. We present the guidelines in terms of relevant design and use considerations within these domains and the emergent design themes within each domain. Our hope is that these guidelines will aid in designing motion-based software to meet the needs of people with dementia or MCI such that the potential of these technologies can be realized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arlene J Astell
- Research and Academics, Ontario Shores Centre for Mental Health Sciences, Whitby, ON, Canada.,Occupational Sciences and Occupational Therapy, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.,School of Psychology and Clinical Language Sciences, University of Reading, Reading, United Kingdom
| | - Stephen Czarnuch
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering/Discipline of Emergency Medicine, Memorial University of Newfoundland St. John's, NL, Canada
| | - Erica Dove
- Research and Academics, Ontario Shores Centre for Mental Health Sciences, Whitby, ON, Canada
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7
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Manera V, Ben-Sadoun G, Aalbers T, Agopyan H, Askenazy F, Benoit M, Bensamoun D, Bourgeois J, Bredin J, Bremond F, Crispim-Junior C, David R, De Schutter B, Ettore E, Fairchild J, Foulon P, Gazzaley A, Gros A, Hun S, Knoefel F, Olde Rikkert M, Phan Tran MK, Politis A, Rigaud AS, Sacco G, Serret S, Thümmler S, Welter ML, Robert P. Recommendations for the Use of Serious Games in Neurodegenerative Disorders: 2016 Delphi Panel. Front Psychol 2017; 8:1243. [PMID: 28790945 PMCID: PMC5524915 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2017.01243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2016] [Accepted: 07/07/2017] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The use of Serious Games (SG) in the health domain is expanding. In the field of neurodegenerative disorders (ND) such as Alzheimer’s disease, SG are currently employed both to support and improve the assessment of different functional and cognitive abilities, and to provide alternative solutions for patients’ treatment, stimulation, and rehabilitation. As the field is quite young, recommendations on the use of SG in people with ND are still rare. In 2014 we proposed some initial recommendations (Robert et al., 2014). The aim of the present work was to update them, thanks to opinions gathered by experts in the field during an expert Delphi panel. Results confirmed that SG are adapted to elderly people with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and dementia, and can be employed for several purposes, including assessment, stimulation, and improving wellbeing, with some differences depending on the population (e.g., physical stimulation may be better suited for people with MCI). SG are more adapted for use with trained caregivers (both at home and in clinical settings), with a frequency ranging from 2 to 4 times a week. Importantly, the target of SG, their frequency of use and the context in which they are played depend on the SG typology (e.g., Exergame, cognitive game), and should be personalized with the help of a clinician.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valeria Manera
- Université Côte d'Azur, Cognition, Behaviour, Technology - CoBTeKNice, France.,Université Côte d'Azur, INRIA, STARSSophia Antipolis, France
| | - Grégory Ben-Sadoun
- Université Côte d'Azur, Cognition, Behaviour, Technology - CoBTeKNice, France
| | - Teun Aalbers
- Radboudumc Alzheimer Center, Donders Institute for Medical NeuroSciences, RadboudumcNijmegen, Netherlands
| | | | - Florence Askenazy
- Université Côte d'Azur, Cognition, Behaviour, Technology - CoBTeKNice, France.,Centre Ressources Autisme, Service Universitaire de Psychiatrie de l'Enfant et de l'Adolescent, Children's Hospitals of Nice CHU-LenvalNice, France.,IA AssociationNice, France
| | - Michel Benoit
- Université Côte d'Azur, Cognition, Behaviour, Technology - CoBTeKNice, France.,IA AssociationNice, France.,Université Côte d'Azur, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire, Hôpital PasteurNice, France
| | - David Bensamoun
- Université Côte d'Azur, Cognition, Behaviour, Technology - CoBTeKNice, France.,Université Côte d'Azur, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire, Hôpital PasteurNice, France
| | - Jérémy Bourgeois
- Université Côte d'Azur, Cognition, Behaviour, Technology - CoBTeKNice, France.,Centre Ressources Autisme, Service Universitaire de Psychiatrie de l'Enfant et de l'Adolescent, Children's Hospitals of Nice CHU-LenvalNice, France
| | | | | | | | - Renaud David
- Université Côte d'Azur, Cognition, Behaviour, Technology - CoBTeKNice, France.,IA AssociationNice, France.,Université Côte d'Azur, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Nice, Centre Mémoire de Ressource et de RechercheNice, France
| | - Bob De Schutter
- College for Education, Health and Society, Miami University, OxfordOH, United States
| | - Eric Ettore
- Université Côte d'Azur, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Nice, Centre Mémoire de Ressource et de RechercheNice, France
| | - Jennifer Fairchild
- Department of Veterans Affairs, VA Palo Alto Health Care System, LivermoreCA, United States.,Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, StanfordCA, United States
| | | | - Adam Gazzaley
- Departments of Neurology and Psychiatry and Department of Physiology, University of California, San Francisco, San FranciscoCA, United States
| | - Auriane Gros
- Université Côte d'Azur, Cognition, Behaviour, Technology - CoBTeKNice, France.,Université Côte d'Azur, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Nice, Centre Mémoire de Ressource et de RechercheNice, France
| | - Stéphanie Hun
- Centre Ressources Autisme, Service Universitaire de Psychiatrie de l'Enfant et de l'Adolescent, Children's Hospitals of Nice CHU-LenvalNice, France
| | - Frank Knoefel
- Bruyère Memory Program, Bruyère Research InstituteOttawa, ON, Canada.,Department of Family Medicine, University of OttawaOttawa, ON, Canada.,Department of Systems and Computer Engineering, Carleton UniversityOttawa, ON, Canada
| | - Marcel Olde Rikkert
- Department of Geriatrics and Radboudumc Alzheimer Center, Radboud University Medical CenterNijmegen, Netherlands
| | | | - Antonios Politis
- 1st Department of Psychiatry, Eginition Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of AthensAthens, Greece
| | - Anne S Rigaud
- Hopital Broca, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de ParisParis, France.,Faculty of Medicine, Université Paris DescartesParis, France
| | - Guillaume Sacco
- Université Côte d'Azur, Cognition, Behaviour, Technology - CoBTeKNice, France.,Université Côte d'Azur, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Nice, Centre Mémoire de Ressource et de RechercheNice, France
| | - Sylvie Serret
- Université Côte d'Azur, Cognition, Behaviour, Technology - CoBTeKNice, France.,Centre Ressources Autisme, Service Universitaire de Psychiatrie de l'Enfant et de l'Adolescent, Children's Hospitals of Nice CHU-LenvalNice, France
| | - Susanne Thümmler
- Université Côte d'Azur, Cognition, Behaviour, Technology - CoBTeKNice, France.,IEM Rossetti des PEP 06Nice, France.,Centre Ressources Autisme, Service Universitaire de Psychiatrie de l'Enfant et de l'Adolescent, Children's Hospitals of Nice CHU-LenvalNice, France
| | - Marie L Welter
- UMR-S975, Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle épiniere, Université Pierre et Marie CurieParis, France.,U975, INSERMParis, France.,UMR 7225, CNRSParis, France.,Département de Neurologie, Hôpitaux Universitaires Pitié-Salpêtrière, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de ParisParis, France
| | - Philippe Robert
- Université Côte d'Azur, Cognition, Behaviour, Technology - CoBTeKNice, France.,IA AssociationNice, France.,Université Côte d'Azur, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Nice, Centre Mémoire de Ressource et de RechercheNice, France
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Prendinger H, Alvarez N, Sanchez-Ruiz A, Cavazza M, Catarino J, Oliveira J, Prada R, Fujimoto S, Shigematsu M. Intelligent Biohazard Training Based on Real-Time Task Recognition. ACM T INTERACT INTEL 2016. [DOI: 10.1145/2883617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Virtual environments offer an ideal setting to develop intelligent training applications. Yet, their ability to support complex procedures depends on the appropriate integration of knowledge-based techniques and natural interaction. In this article, we describe the implementation of an intelligent rehearsal system for biohazard laboratory procedures, based on the real-time instantiation of task models from the trainee’s actions. A virtual biohazard laboratory has been recreated using the Unity3D engine, in which users interact with laboratory objects using keyboard/mouse input or hand gestures through a Kinect device. Realistic behavior for objects is supported by the implementation of a relevant subset of common sense and physics knowledge. User interaction with objects leads to the recognition of specific actions, which are used to progressively instantiate a task-based representation of biohazard procedures. The dynamics of this instantiation process supports trainee evaluation as well as real-time assistance. This system is designed primarily as a rehearsal system providing real-time advice and supporting user performance evaluation. We provide detailed examples illustrating error detection and recovery, and results from on-site testing with students from the Faculty of Medical Sciences at Kyushu University. In the study, we investigate the usability aspect by comparing interaction with mouse and Kinect devices and the effect of real-time task recognition on recovery time after user mistakes.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Marc Cavazza
- School of Engineering and Digital Arts, University of Kent, Canterbury, UK
| | - joão Catarino
- INESC-ID and Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Porto Salvo, Portugal
| | - João Oliveira
- INESC-ID and Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Porto Salvo, Portugal
| | - Rui Prada
- INESC-ID and Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Porto Salvo, Portugal
| | - Shuji Fujimoto
- Faculty of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
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Zmily A, Mowafi Y, Mashal E. Study of the usability of spaced retrieval exercise using mobile devices for Alzheimer's disease rehabilitation. JMIR Mhealth Uhealth 2014; 2:e31. [PMID: 25124077 PMCID: PMC4147712 DOI: 10.2196/mhealth.3136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2013] [Revised: 03/26/2014] [Accepted: 03/30/2014] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Alzheimer's disease (AD) is an irreversible brain disease that slowly destroys memory and thinking skills, and eventually the ability to carry out the simplest daily tasks. Recent studies showed that people with AD might actually benefit from physical exercises and rehabilitation processes. Studies show that rehabilitation would also add value in making the day for an individual with AD a little less foggy, frustrating, isolated, and stressful for as long as possible. Objective The focus of our work was to explore the use of modern mobile technology to enable people with AD to improve their abilities to perform activities of daily living, and hence to promote independence and participation in social activities. Our work also aimed at reducing the burden on caregivers by increasing the AD patients’ sense of competence and ability to handle behavior problems. Methods We developed ADcope, an integrated app that includes several modules that targeted individuals with AD, using mobile devices. We have developed two different user interfaces: text-based and graphic-based. To evaluate the usability of the app, 10 participants with early stages of AD were asked to run the two user interfaces of the spaced retrieval memory exercise using a tablet mobile device. Results We selected 10 participants with early stages of AD (average age: 75 years; 6/10, 60% males, 4/10, 40% females). The average elapsed time per question between the text-based task (14.04 seconds) and the graphic-based task (12.89 seconds) was significantly different (P=.047). There was also a significant difference (P<.001) between the average correct answer score between the text-based task (7.60/10) and the graphic-based task (8.30/10), and between the text-based task (31.50/100) and the graphic-based task (27.20/100; P<.001). Correlation analysis for the graphic-based task showed that the average elapsed time per question and the workload score were negatively correlated (−.93, and −.79, respectively) to the participants’ performance (P<.001 and P=.006, respectively). Conclusions We found that people with early stages of AD used mobile devices successfully without any prior experience in using such devices. Participants’ measured workload scores were low and posttask satisfaction in fulfilling the required task was conceivable. Results indicate better performance, less workload, and better response time for the graphic-based task compared with the text-based task.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmad Zmily
- School of Computer Engineering and Information Technology, German Jordanian University, Amman, Jordan.
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