1
|
Wu BY, Xu P, Cheng L, Wang QQ, Qiu HY, Yan XJ, Chen SL. The alteration of mucosal bile acid profile is associated with nerve growth factor expression in mast cells and bowel symptoms in diarrhea-predominant irritable bowel syndrome. Clin Exp Immunol 2024; 216:200-210. [PMID: 38290436 PMCID: PMC11036107 DOI: 10.1093/cei/uxae006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2023] [Revised: 12/09/2023] [Accepted: 01/26/2024] [Indexed: 02/01/2024] Open
Abstract
Mucosal bile acid (BA) profile is still unestablished in diarrhea-predominant irritable bowel syndrome (IBS-D). The aim of this study was to explore colonic mucosal BAs and their associations with mucosal mast cell (MMC)-derived nerve growth factor (NGF) and bowel symptoms in IBS-D. Colonic mucosal biopsies from 36 IBS-D patients and 35 healthy controls (HCs) were obtained for targeted BA profiling. MMC count and the expression of NGF and tight junction proteins (TJPs) were examined. We found that colonic mucosal BA profile was altered in the IBS-D cohort. The proportion of primary BAs was significantly higher and that of secondary BAs was lower in IBS-D patients. According to the 90th percentile of total mucosal BA content of HCs, IBS-D patients were divided into BA-H (n = 7, 19.4%) and BA-L (n = 29, 80.6%) subgroups. BA-H patients showed significantly higher total mucosal BA content compared to BA-L subgroup and HCs. The mucosal content of 11 BA metabolites significantly increased in BA-H subgroup, e.g. cholic acid (CA) and taurocholic acid (TCA). Moreover, BA-H patients displayed significantly elevated MMC count and NGF expression, with decreased expression of TJPs (claudin-1, junctional adhesion molecule-A and zonula occludens-1). Correlation analyses revealed that mucosal TCA content positively correlated with MMC count, MMC-derived NGF levels, and abdominal pain while negatively correlated with TJP expression. In conclusion, IBS-D patients showed an altered BA profile in the colonic mucosa. Approximately 20% of them exhibit elevated mucosal BA content, which may be associated with MMC-derived NGF signaling and bowel symptoms.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bi-Yu Wu
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, NHC Key Laboratory of Digestive Diseases, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai Institute of Digestive Disease, Shanghai, China
| | - Ping Xu
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, NHC Key Laboratory of Digestive Diseases, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai Institute of Digestive Disease, Shanghai, China
| | - Li Cheng
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, NHC Key Laboratory of Digestive Diseases, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai Institute of Digestive Disease, Shanghai, China
| | - Qian-Qian Wang
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, NHC Key Laboratory of Digestive Diseases, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai Institute of Digestive Disease, Shanghai, China
| | - Hong-Yi Qiu
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, NHC Key Laboratory of Digestive Diseases, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai Institute of Digestive Disease, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiu-Juan Yan
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, NHC Key Laboratory of Digestive Diseases, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai Institute of Digestive Disease, Shanghai, China
| | - Sheng-Liang Chen
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, NHC Key Laboratory of Digestive Diseases, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai Institute of Digestive Disease, Shanghai, China
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Yin Y, Wang L, Zhao L, Lin L, Shen X. Effect of 10.6 μm laser moxibustion on inflammation in diabetic peripheral neuropathy rats. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2023; 14:1203677. [PMID: 37593350 PMCID: PMC10427917 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2023.1203677] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2023] [Accepted: 07/14/2023] [Indexed: 08/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN) is the main cause of disability in diabetes patients but the efficacy of available drugs is poor. Moxibustion is an adjunctive treatment for DPN that can reduce symptoms. The peak value of the far infrared wavelength of 10.6 μm laser moxibustion is close to the infrared radiation spectrum of traditional moxibustion. Its effect is similar to that of moxibustion and does not cause pain, infection or produce irritating smoke. Twenty-four male SD rats were divided into control (Con), DPN, laser moxibustion (LM), and pyrrolidine dithiocarbamate (PDTC) groups (n=6/group). The DPN, LM and PDTC group rats were intraperitoneally injected with 1% streptozotocin (STZ) to induce a model of DPN. LM group rats were irradiated with a laser at bilateral ST36 acupoints for 15 min, once every other day, for 14 days. PDTC group rats were intraperitoneally injected with PDTC once a day. Body weight, blood glucose, and paw withdrawal mechanical threshold (PWMT) were measured and laser speckle imaging (LSI) performed before and after modeling and at 1 and 2 weeks after intervention. Two weeks after intervention, changes in serum interleukin 1β (IL1β), interleukin 6 (IL6), tumor necrosis factor α (TNFα) and nerve growth factor (NGF) were analyzed, and the abundance of NF-κB and IκB-α proteins and levels of NF-κB and IκB-α mRNAs in the sciatic nerve were observed. The results showed that 10.6 μm laser moxibustion can relieve pain, improve microcirculation, and alleviate inflammation in DPN rats, possibly via the NF-κB inflammatory pathway.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yue Yin
- School of Acupuncture-Moxibustion and Tuina, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Lina Wang
- School of Acupuncture-Moxibustion and Tuina, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Ling Zhao
- School of Acupuncture-Moxibustion and Tuina, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Lin Lin
- School of Nursing, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xueyong Shen
- School of Acupuncture-Moxibustion and Tuina, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Laboratory of Systemic Physiology for Acupuncture and Meridian, Shanghai Research Center of Acupuncture and Meridian, Shanghai, China
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Sankaranarayanan I, Tavares-Ferreira D, He L, Kume M, Mwirigi JM, Madsen TM, Petersen KA, Munro G, Price TJ. Meteorin Alleviates Paclitaxel-Induced Peripheral Neuropathic Pain in Mice. THE JOURNAL OF PAIN 2023; 24:555-567. [PMID: 36336327 PMCID: PMC10079550 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpain.2022.10.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2022] [Revised: 10/25/2022] [Accepted: 10/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy is a challenging condition to treat, and arises due to severe, dose-limiting toxicity of chemotherapeutic drugs such as paclitaxel. This often results in debilitating sensory and motor deficits that are not effectively prevented or alleviated by existing therapeutic interventions. Recent studies have demonstrated the therapeutic effects of Meteorin, a neurotrophic factor, in reversing neuropathic pain in rodent models of peripheral nerve injury induced by physical trauma. Here, we sought to investigate the potential antinociceptive effects of recombinant mouse Meteorin (rmMeteorin) using a paclitaxel-induced peripheral neuropathy model in male and female mice. Paclitaxel treatment (4 × 4 mg/kg, i.p.) induced hind paw mechanical hypersensitivity by day 8 after treatment. Thereafter, in a reversal dosing paradigm, five repeated injections of rmMeteorin (.5 and 1.8 mg/kg s.c. respectively) administered over 9 days produced a significant and long-lasting attenuation of mechanical hypersensitivity in both sexes. Additionally, administration of rmMeteorin ( .5 and 1.8 mg/kg), initiated before and during paclitaxel treatment (prevention dosing paradigm), reduced the establishment of hind paw mechanical hypersensitivity. Repeated systemic administration of rmMeteorin in both dosing paradigms decreased histochemical signs of satellite glial cell reactivity as measured by glutamine synthetase and connexin 43 protein expression in the dorsal root ganglion. Additionally, in the prevention administration paradigm rmMeteorin had a protective effect against paclitaxel-induced loss of intraepidermal nerve fibers. Our findings indicate that rmMeteorin has a robust and sustained antinociceptive effect in the paclitaxel-induced peripheral neuropathy model and the development of recombinant human Meteorin could be a novel and effective therapeutic for chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy treatment. PERSPECTIVE: Chemotherapy neuropathy is a major clinical problem that decreases quality of life for cancer patients and survivors. Our experiments demonstrate that Meteorin treatment alleviates pain-related behaviors, and signs of neurotoxicity in a mouse model of paclitaxel neuropathy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ishwarya Sankaranarayanan
- Pain Neurobiology Research Group, Department of Neuroscience, Center for Advanced Pain Studies, School of Behavioural and Brain Sciences, University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, Texas
| | - Diana Tavares-Ferreira
- Pain Neurobiology Research Group, Department of Neuroscience, Center for Advanced Pain Studies, School of Behavioural and Brain Sciences, University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, Texas
| | - Lucy He
- Pain Neurobiology Research Group, Department of Neuroscience, Center for Advanced Pain Studies, School of Behavioural and Brain Sciences, University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, Texas
| | - Moeno Kume
- Pain Neurobiology Research Group, Department of Neuroscience, Center for Advanced Pain Studies, School of Behavioural and Brain Sciences, University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, Texas
| | - Juliet M Mwirigi
- Pain Neurobiology Research Group, Department of Neuroscience, Center for Advanced Pain Studies, School of Behavioural and Brain Sciences, University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, Texas
| | | | | | | | - Theodore J Price
- Pain Neurobiology Research Group, Department of Neuroscience, Center for Advanced Pain Studies, School of Behavioural and Brain Sciences, University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, Texas.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Serrano Nájera G, Kin K. Unusual occurrence of domestication syndrome amongst African mole-rats: Is the naked mole-rat a domestic animal? Front Ecol Evol 2022. [DOI: 10.3389/fevo.2022.987177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The Naked mole-rat (NMR) is becoming a prominent model organism due to its peculiar traits, such as eusociality, extreme longevity, cancer resistance, and reduced pain sensitivity. It belongs to the African mole-rats (AMR), a family of subterranean rodents that includes solitary, cooperative breeding and eusocial species. We identified and quantified the domestication syndrome (DS) across AMR, a set of morphological and behavioural traits significantly more common and pronounced amongst domesticated animals than in their wild counterparts. Surprisingly, the NMR shows apparent DS traits when compared to the solitary AMR. Animals can self-domesticate when a reduction of the fear response is naturally selected, such as in islands with no predators, or to improve the group’s harmony in cooperative breeding species. The DS may be caused by alterations in the physiology of the neural crest cells (NCC), a transient population of cells that generate a full range of tissues during development. The NCC contribute to organs responsible for transmitting the fear response and various other tissues, including craniofacial bones. Therefore, mutations affecting the NCC can manifest as behavioural and morphological alterations in many structures across the body, as seen in neurocristopathies. We observed that all social AMRs are chisel-tooth diggers, an adaption to hard soils that requires the flattening of the skull. We hypothesise that chisel-tooth digging could impose a selective pressure on the NCC that triggered the DS’s appearance, possibly facilitating the evolution of sociality. Finally, we discuss how DS traits are neutral or beneficial for the subterranean niche, strategies to test this hypothesis and report well-studied mutations in the NMR that are associated with the NCC physiology or with the control of the fear response. In conclusion, we argue that many of the NMR’s unconventional traits are compatible with the DS and provide a hypothesis about its origins. Our model proposes a novel avenue to enhance the understanding of the extraordinary biology of the NMR.
Collapse
|
5
|
Inflammation-related molecules in tears of patients with chronic ocular pain and dry eye disease. Exp Eye Res 2022; 219:109057. [DOI: 10.1016/j.exer.2022.109057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2022] [Revised: 03/21/2022] [Accepted: 03/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
|
6
|
Reed NR, Reed WR, Syrett M, Richey ML, Frolov A, Little JW. Somatosensory behavioral alterations in a NGF-induced persistent low back pain model. Behav Brain Res 2022; 418:113617. [PMID: 34606776 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbr.2021.113617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2021] [Revised: 09/20/2021] [Accepted: 09/21/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Low back pain (LBP) is a major global burden in part due to the underlying pathophysiological mechanisms being poorly understood. A LBP rat model involving two injections of nerve growth factor (NGF, an endogenous pain-related neurotrophin) into trunk musculature was recently developed. Additional behavioral work in this NGF-LBP rat model is required to better characterize local and remote somatosensory alterations related to NGF-induced peripheral and central sensitization. This work characterizes the time-dependent development of hypersensitivity to trunk and hindpaw cutaneous mechanical stimulation and deep muscle mechanical hyperalgesia in adult male Sprague-Dawley rats (n = 6/group). Behavioral assays were performed at baseline (Day 0, D0), D2, D5 (pre- and 4 h post-2nd NGF or control injection), D7, D10, and D14 in NGF and control groups. Trunk and hindpaw cutaneous mechanical hypersensitivity were tested using von Frey filaments. Deep trunk mechanical hyperalgesia was determined using a small animal algometer. NGF rats demonstrated increased cutaneous sensitivity to ipsilateral trunk mechanical stimuli at D7, D10, and D14. NGF rats also demonstrated ipsilateral deep mechanical hyperalgesia on D2, D5 + 4 h, D7, D10, and D14. Cutaneous hypersensitivity was delayed compared to deep hyperalgesia in NGF rats. No additional sensory changes were noted. Together, these results indicate that male mechanical somatosensory changes develop primarily locally in the ipsilateral trunk following unilateral NGF injections. These findings contrast with a previous report in female rats using this NGF-LBP model showing more widespread (bilateral) hyperalgesia and remote mechanical hypersensitivity. Future studies will examine potential sex-related pain behavioral differences in the NGF model.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nicholas R Reed
- Saint Louis University School of Medicine, 1402 South Grand Blvd. Saint Louis, MO, 63104, USA
| | - William R Reed
- University of Alabama at Birmingham, 1720 2nd Ave South, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA
| | - Michael Syrett
- Saint Louis University School of Medicine, 1402 South Grand Blvd. Saint Louis, MO, 63104, USA
| | - Madison L Richey
- Saint Louis University School of Medicine, 1402 South Grand Blvd. Saint Louis, MO, 63104, USA
| | - Andrey Frolov
- Saint Louis University School of Medicine, 1402 South Grand Blvd. Saint Louis, MO, 63104, USA
| | - Joshua W Little
- Saint Louis University School of Medicine, 1402 South Grand Blvd. Saint Louis, MO, 63104, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Nemenov MI, Singleton JR, Premkumar LS. Role of Mechanoinsensitive Nociceptors in Painful Diabetic Peripheral Neuropathy. Curr Diabetes Rev 2022; 18:e081221198649. [PMID: 34879806 DOI: 10.2174/1573399818666211208101555] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2020] [Revised: 03/08/2021] [Accepted: 07/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The cutaneous mechanisms that trigger spontaneous neuropathic pain in diabetic peripheral neuropathy (PDPN) are far from clear. Two types of nociceptors are found within the epidermal and dermal skin layers. Small-diameter lightly myelinated Aδ and unmyelinated C cutaneous mechano and heat-sensitive (AMH and CMH) and C mechanoinsensitive (CMi) nociceptors transmit pain from the periphery to central nervous system. AMH and CMH fibers are mainly located in the epidermis, and CMi fibers are distributed in the dermis. In DPN, dying back intra-epidermal AMH and CMH fibers leads to reduced pain sensitivity, and the patients exhibit significantly increased pain thresholds to acute pain when tested using traditional methods. The role of CMi fibers in painful neuropathies has not been fully explored. Microneurography has been the only tool to access CMi fibers and differentiate AMH, CMH, and CMi fiber types. Due to the complexity, its use is impractical in clinical settings. In contrast, a newly developed diode laser fiber selective stimulation (DLss) technique allows to safely and selectively stimulate Aδ and C fibers in the superficial and deep skin layers. DLss data demonstrate that patients with painful DPN have increased Aδ fiber pain thresholds, while C-fiber thresholds are intact because, in these patients, CMi fibers are abnormally spontaneously active. It is also possible to determine the involvement of CMi fibers by measuring the area of DLss-induced neurogenic axon reflex flare. The differences in AMH, CMH, and CMi fibers identify patients with painful and painless neuropathy. In this review, we will discuss the role of CMi fibers in PDPN.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mikhail I Nemenov
- Department of Anesthesia, Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA, USA
- Lasmed LLC, Mountain View, CA, USA
| | | | - Louis S Premkumar
- Department of Pharmacology, SIU School of Medicine, Springfield, Illinois, USA and Ion Channel Pharmacology LLC, Springfield, IL, USA
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Tongxie Anchang Decoction Relieves Visceral Hypersensitivity in Diarrhea-Predominant Irritable Bowel Syndrome Rats by Regulating the NGF/TrkA Signaling Pathway. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2021; 2021:6679348. [PMID: 34239591 PMCID: PMC8235976 DOI: 10.1155/2021/6679348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2020] [Accepted: 06/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/04/2022]
Abstract
Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is a functional gastrointestinal disease characterized by visceral hypersensitivity-related abdominal pain, in which diarrhea-predominant IBS (IBS-D) is the main subtype and has a high clinical incidence. Tongxie Anchang Decoction (TXACD) has been proved to significantly improve abdominal pain in patients with IBS-D, but its underlying therapeutic mechanism still remains unclear. In the present study, IBS-D model rats were induced by neonatal maternal separation (NMS) combined with restraint stress (RS). The therapeutic effect of TXACD was evaluated by fecal characteristics and abdominal withdrawal reflex (AWR) scores. After 14 days of intragastric administration, the colonic tissues of rats were collected to detect the protein and gene level of the NGF, TrkA, and TRPV1 using Western blotting and real-time polymerase chain reaction, respectively, and detect mast cells infiltration using toluidine blue staining. The abdominal aorta blood centrifuged was collected for detecting serum levels of SP, 5-HT, and CGRP with ELISA. The results revealed that TXACD could significantly improve visceral hypersensitivity in IBS-D rats, reflected in the decrease of AWR score and the serum levels of SP, 5-HT, and CGRP. In addition, TXACD treatment could alleviate mast cells infiltration. Moreover, the expression levels of the NGF, TrkA, and TRPV1 were repressed by TXACD. The findings of the present study indicated that the therapeutic effect of TXACD on visceral hypersensitivity might be closely related to the downregulation of the NGF/TrkA signaling pathway, the reversal of TRPV1 expression and mast cells infiltration, and the decreased release of neuroendocrine factors SP, 5-HT, and CGRP.
Collapse
|
9
|
Wangzhou A, Paige C, Ray PR, Dussor G, Price TJ. Diversity of Receptor Expression in Central and Peripheral Mouse Neurons Estimated from Single Cell RNA Sequencing. Neuroscience 2021; 463:86-96. [PMID: 33774127 PMCID: PMC8106651 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2021.03.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2021] [Revised: 03/12/2021] [Accepted: 03/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Because somatosensory PNS neurons, in particular nociceptors, are specially tuned to be able to detect a wide variety of both exogenous and endogenous signals, one might assume that these neurons express a greater variety of receptor genes. This assumption has not been formally tested. Because cells detect such signals via cell surface receptors, we sought to formally test the hypothesis that PNS neurons might express a broader array of cell surface receptors than CNS neurons using existing single cell RNA sequencing resources from mouse. We focused our analysis on ion channels, G-protein coupled receptors (GPCRS), receptor tyrosine kinase and cytokine family receptors. In partial support of our hypothesis, we found that mouse PNS somatosensory, sympathetic and enteric neurons and CNS neurons have similar receptor expression diversity in families of receptors examined, with the exception of GPCRs and cytokine receptors which showed greater diversity in the PNS. Surprisingly, these differences were mostly driven by enteric and sympathetic neurons, not by somatosensory neurons or nociceptors. Secondary analysis revealed many receptors that are very specifically expressed in subsets of PNS neurons, including some that are unique among neurons for nociceptors. Finally, we sought to examine specific ligand-receptor interactions between T cells and PNS and CNS neurons. Again, we noted that most interactions between these cells are shared by CNS and PNS neurons despite the fact that T cells only enter the CNS under rare circumstances. Our findings demonstrate that both PNS and CNS neurons express an astonishing array of cell surface receptors and suggest that most neurons are tuned to receive signals from other cells types, in particular immune cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Andi Wangzhou
- University of Texas at Dallas, Department of Neuroscience and Center for Advanced Pain Studies, United States
| | - Candler Paige
- University of Texas at Dallas, Department of Neuroscience and Center for Advanced Pain Studies, United States
| | - Pradipta R Ray
- University of Texas at Dallas, Department of Neuroscience and Center for Advanced Pain Studies, United States
| | - Gregory Dussor
- University of Texas at Dallas, Department of Neuroscience and Center for Advanced Pain Studies, United States
| | - Theodore J Price
- University of Texas at Dallas, Department of Neuroscience and Center for Advanced Pain Studies, United States.
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
c-Jun/p38MAPK/ASIC3 pathways specifically activated by nerve growth factor through TrkA are crucial for mechanical allodynia development. Pain 2021; 161:1109-1123. [PMID: 31977937 DOI: 10.1097/j.pain.0000000000001808] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Mechanical allodynia is a cardinal sign of several inflammatory pain disorders where nerve growth factor, a prototypic neurotrophin, plays a crucial role by binding to TrkA receptors. Here, we took the advantage of our generated knock-in mouse model expressing a chimeric TrkA/TrkC receptor that seems to not specifically develop mechanical allodynia after inflammation, to identify the TrkA downstream pathways involved in this phenomenon. We confirmed and extended that disrupting TrkA-specific pathways leads to a specific deficit in mechanical hypersensitivity development after somatic (systemic nerve growth factor administration and paw incision) and, to a lesser extent, visceral injuries. Despite a deficit in thin, mainly peptidergic, fibre innervation in TrkAC mice, thermal hyperalgesia development was not different from WT mice. Inflammatory reaction (oedema, IL-6 content), pain behaviours after intraplantar capsaicin, as well as TRPV1 calcium imaging response of dorsal root ganglion neurons were similar between TrkAC and WT mice. This deficiency in mechanical allodynia development in TrkAC mice is likely due to the alteration of the expression of different TrkA transduction pathways (ie, Akt, p38 MAPK, and c-Jun) especially p38 MAPK, in the dorsal root ganglion cell bodies, ultimately leading to an alteration of at least, ASIC3 channel overexpression, known to participate in nociceptor mechanosensory function.
Collapse
|
11
|
The Somatosensory World of the African Naked Mole-Rat. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2021; 1319:197-220. [PMID: 34424517 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-65943-1_7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
The naked mole-rat (Heterocephalus glaber) is famous for its longevity and unusual physiology. This eusocial species that lives in highly ordered and hierarchical colonies with a single breeding queen, also discovered secrets enabling somewhat pain-free living around 20 million years ago. Unlike most mammals, naked mole-rats do not feel the burn of chili pepper's active ingredient, capsaicin, nor the sting of acid. Indeed, by accumulating mutations in genes encoding proteins that are only now being exploited as targets for new pain therapies (the nerve growth factor receptor TrkA and voltage-gated sodium channel, NaV1.7), this species mastered the art of analgesia before humans evolved. Recently, we have identified pain-insensitivity as a trait shared by several closely related African mole-rat species. In this chapter we will show how African mole-rats have evolved pain insensitivity as well as discussing what the proximate factors may have been that led to the evolution of pain-free traits.
Collapse
|
12
|
William D. Willis, Jr, MD, PhD Memorial Lecture: The evolutionary history of nerve growth factor and nociception. Pain 2020; 161 Suppl 1:S36-S47. [PMID: 33090738 PMCID: PMC7434219 DOI: 10.1097/j.pain.0000000000001889] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
|
13
|
Giuliani A, Lorenzini L, Baldassarro VA, Pannella M, Cescatti M, Fernandez M, Alastra G, Flagelli A, Villetti G, Imbimbo BP, Giardino L, Calzà L. Effects of Topical Application of CHF6467, a Mutated Form of Human Nerve Growth Factor, on Skin Wound Healing in Diabetic Mice. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 2020; 375:317-331. [PMID: 32948647 DOI: 10.1124/jpet.120.000110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2020] [Accepted: 08/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Nerve growth factor (NGF) is the protein responsible for the development and maintenance of sensory skin innervation. Given the role of appropriate innervation in skin healing, NGF has been indicated as a possible prohealing treatment in pathologic conditions characterized by nerve-ending loss, such as chronic ulcers in diabetes; however, its use as a therapeutic agent is limited by its hyperalgesic effect. We tested the effect of topical application of the nonalgogenic NGF derivative hNGFP61S/R100E in two models of skin ulcer induced in dbdb diabetic mice, investigating healing time, skin histology, reinnervation, and angiogenesis using morphologic and molecular approaches. We showed that the topical administration of CHF6467, a recombinant human NGF in which an amino acid substitution (R100E) abolished the hyperalgesic effect usually associated with NGF, accelerated skin repair in experimental wounds (full-excision and pressure-ulcer) induced in diabetic mice (dbdb). CHF6467-induced acceleration of wound healing was accompanied by increased re-epithelization, reinnervation, and revascularization as assessed by histology, immunohistochemistry, and image analysis. Bioinformatic analysis of differentially expressed genes and signaling pathways in the wound tissues showed that protein kinase B-mammalian target of rapamycin was the most regulated pathway. In spite of the transdermal absorption leading to measurable, dose-dependent increases in CHF6467 plasma levels, no systemic thermal or local mechanical hyperalgesia was observed in treated mice. When tested in vitro in human cell lines, CHF6467 stimulated keratinocyte and fibroblast proliferation and tube formation by endothelial cells. Collectively, these results support a possible use of CHF6467 as a prohealing agent in skin lesions in diabetes. SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT: Topical application of CHF6467 accelerates reinnervation, neoangiogenesis, and wound healing in diabetic mice in both full-thickness skin-excision and pressure-ulcer models through the protein kinase B/mammalian target of rapamycin pathway and does not induce hyperalgesia.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- A Giuliani
- Department of Veterinary Medical Science, University of Bologna, Italy (A.G., L.L., M.F., L.G.); Interdepartmental Center for Industrial Research in Life Sciences and Technologies University of Bologna, Italy (L.L., V.A.B., G.A., A.F, L.G., L.C.); Department of of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, University of Bologna, Italy (L.C.); Fondazione IRET, Ozzano Emilia, Italy (M.P., M.C.); Chiesi Farmaceutici, Parma, Italy (G.V., B.P.I.)
| | - L Lorenzini
- Department of Veterinary Medical Science, University of Bologna, Italy (A.G., L.L., M.F., L.G.); Interdepartmental Center for Industrial Research in Life Sciences and Technologies University of Bologna, Italy (L.L., V.A.B., G.A., A.F, L.G., L.C.); Department of of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, University of Bologna, Italy (L.C.); Fondazione IRET, Ozzano Emilia, Italy (M.P., M.C.); Chiesi Farmaceutici, Parma, Italy (G.V., B.P.I.)
| | - V A Baldassarro
- Department of Veterinary Medical Science, University of Bologna, Italy (A.G., L.L., M.F., L.G.); Interdepartmental Center for Industrial Research in Life Sciences and Technologies University of Bologna, Italy (L.L., V.A.B., G.A., A.F, L.G., L.C.); Department of of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, University of Bologna, Italy (L.C.); Fondazione IRET, Ozzano Emilia, Italy (M.P., M.C.); Chiesi Farmaceutici, Parma, Italy (G.V., B.P.I.)
| | - M Pannella
- Department of Veterinary Medical Science, University of Bologna, Italy (A.G., L.L., M.F., L.G.); Interdepartmental Center for Industrial Research in Life Sciences and Technologies University of Bologna, Italy (L.L., V.A.B., G.A., A.F, L.G., L.C.); Department of of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, University of Bologna, Italy (L.C.); Fondazione IRET, Ozzano Emilia, Italy (M.P., M.C.); Chiesi Farmaceutici, Parma, Italy (G.V., B.P.I.)
| | - M Cescatti
- Department of Veterinary Medical Science, University of Bologna, Italy (A.G., L.L., M.F., L.G.); Interdepartmental Center for Industrial Research in Life Sciences and Technologies University of Bologna, Italy (L.L., V.A.B., G.A., A.F, L.G., L.C.); Department of of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, University of Bologna, Italy (L.C.); Fondazione IRET, Ozzano Emilia, Italy (M.P., M.C.); Chiesi Farmaceutici, Parma, Italy (G.V., B.P.I.)
| | - M Fernandez
- Department of Veterinary Medical Science, University of Bologna, Italy (A.G., L.L., M.F., L.G.); Interdepartmental Center for Industrial Research in Life Sciences and Technologies University of Bologna, Italy (L.L., V.A.B., G.A., A.F, L.G., L.C.); Department of of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, University of Bologna, Italy (L.C.); Fondazione IRET, Ozzano Emilia, Italy (M.P., M.C.); Chiesi Farmaceutici, Parma, Italy (G.V., B.P.I.)
| | - G Alastra
- Department of Veterinary Medical Science, University of Bologna, Italy (A.G., L.L., M.F., L.G.); Interdepartmental Center for Industrial Research in Life Sciences and Technologies University of Bologna, Italy (L.L., V.A.B., G.A., A.F, L.G., L.C.); Department of of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, University of Bologna, Italy (L.C.); Fondazione IRET, Ozzano Emilia, Italy (M.P., M.C.); Chiesi Farmaceutici, Parma, Italy (G.V., B.P.I.)
| | - A Flagelli
- Department of Veterinary Medical Science, University of Bologna, Italy (A.G., L.L., M.F., L.G.); Interdepartmental Center for Industrial Research in Life Sciences and Technologies University of Bologna, Italy (L.L., V.A.B., G.A., A.F, L.G., L.C.); Department of of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, University of Bologna, Italy (L.C.); Fondazione IRET, Ozzano Emilia, Italy (M.P., M.C.); Chiesi Farmaceutici, Parma, Italy (G.V., B.P.I.)
| | - G Villetti
- Department of Veterinary Medical Science, University of Bologna, Italy (A.G., L.L., M.F., L.G.); Interdepartmental Center for Industrial Research in Life Sciences and Technologies University of Bologna, Italy (L.L., V.A.B., G.A., A.F, L.G., L.C.); Department of of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, University of Bologna, Italy (L.C.); Fondazione IRET, Ozzano Emilia, Italy (M.P., M.C.); Chiesi Farmaceutici, Parma, Italy (G.V., B.P.I.)
| | - B P Imbimbo
- Department of Veterinary Medical Science, University of Bologna, Italy (A.G., L.L., M.F., L.G.); Interdepartmental Center for Industrial Research in Life Sciences and Technologies University of Bologna, Italy (L.L., V.A.B., G.A., A.F, L.G., L.C.); Department of of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, University of Bologna, Italy (L.C.); Fondazione IRET, Ozzano Emilia, Italy (M.P., M.C.); Chiesi Farmaceutici, Parma, Italy (G.V., B.P.I.)
| | - L Giardino
- Department of Veterinary Medical Science, University of Bologna, Italy (A.G., L.L., M.F., L.G.); Interdepartmental Center for Industrial Research in Life Sciences and Technologies University of Bologna, Italy (L.L., V.A.B., G.A., A.F, L.G., L.C.); Department of of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, University of Bologna, Italy (L.C.); Fondazione IRET, Ozzano Emilia, Italy (M.P., M.C.); Chiesi Farmaceutici, Parma, Italy (G.V., B.P.I.)
| | - L Calzà
- Department of Veterinary Medical Science, University of Bologna, Italy (A.G., L.L., M.F., L.G.); Interdepartmental Center for Industrial Research in Life Sciences and Technologies University of Bologna, Italy (L.L., V.A.B., G.A., A.F, L.G., L.C.); Department of of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, University of Bologna, Italy (L.C.); Fondazione IRET, Ozzano Emilia, Italy (M.P., M.C.); Chiesi Farmaceutici, Parma, Italy (G.V., B.P.I.)
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Abstract
Supplemental Digital Content is Available in the Text. A ligand-guided, light-activated photosensitizer tool targets TrkA-expressing nociceptors, reversing acute and chronic pain in mice. Nerve growth factor (NGF) and its receptors TrkA and p75 play a key role in the development and function of peripheral nociceptive neurons. Here, we describe novel technology to selectively photoablate TrkA-positive nociceptors through delivery of a phototoxic agent coupled to an engineered NGF ligand and subsequent near-infrared illumination. We demonstrate that this approach allows for on demand and localized reversal of pain behaviors in mouse models of acute, inflammatory, neuropathic, and joint pain. To target peripheral nociceptors, we generated a SNAP-tagged NGF derivative NGFR121W that binds to TrkA/p75 receptors but does not provoke signaling in TrkA-positive cells or elicit pain behaviors in mice. NGFR121W-SNAP was coupled to the photosensitizer IRDye700DX phthalocyanine (IR700) and injected subcutaneously. After near-infrared illumination of the injected area, behavioral responses to nociceptive mechanical and sustained thermal stimuli, but not innocuous stimuli, were substantially reduced. Similarly, in models of inflammatory, osteoarthritic, and neuropathic pain, mechanical hypersensitivity was abolished for 3 weeks after a single treatment regime. We demonstrate that this loss of pain behavior coincides with the retraction of neurons from the skin which then reinnervate the epidermis after 3 weeks corresponding with the return of mechanical hypersensitivity. Thus NGFR121W-SNAP-mediated photoablation is a minimally invasive approach to reversibly silence nociceptor input from the periphery, and control pain and hypersensitivity to mechanical stimuli.
Collapse
|
15
|
Smith ESJ, Park TJ, Lewin GR. Independent evolution of pain insensitivity in African mole-rats: origins and mechanisms. J Comp Physiol A Neuroethol Sens Neural Behav Physiol 2020; 206:313-325. [PMID: 32206859 PMCID: PMC7192887 DOI: 10.1007/s00359-020-01414-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2019] [Revised: 02/10/2020] [Accepted: 02/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
The naked mole-rat (Heterocephalus glaber) is famous for its longevity and unusual physiology. This eusocial species that lives in highly ordered and hierarchical colonies with a single breeding queen, also discovered secrets enabling somewhat pain-free living around 20 million years ago. Unlike most mammals, naked mole-rats do not feel the burn of chili pepper's active ingredient, capsaicin, nor the sting of acid. Indeed, by accumulating mutations in genes encoding proteins that are only now being exploited as targets for new pain therapies (the nerve growth factor receptor TrkA and voltage-gated sodium channel, NaV1.7), this species mastered the art of analgesia before humans evolved. Recently, we have identified pain insensitivity as a trait shared by several closely related African mole-rat species. One of these African mole-rats, the Highveld mole-rat (Cryptomys hottentotus pretoriae), is uniquely completely impervious and pain free when confronted with electrophilic compounds that activate the TRPA1 ion channel. The Highveld mole-rat has evolved a biophysical mechanism to shut down the activation of sensory neurons that drive pain. In this review, we will show how mole-rats have evolved pain insensitivity as well as discussing what the proximate factors may have been that led to the evolution of pain-free traits.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ewan St John Smith
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 1PD, UK
| | - Thomas J Park
- Laboratory of Integrative Neuroscience, Department of Biological Sciences, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Gary R Lewin
- Molecular Physiology of Somatic Sensation, Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine, Robert-Rössle Str. 10, D-13125, Berlin, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Dunn JS, Nagi SS, Mahns DA. Minocycline reduces experimental muscle hyperalgesia induced by repeated nerve growth factor injections in humans: A placebo‐controlled double‐blind drug‐crossover study. Eur J Pain 2020; 24:1138-1150. [DOI: 10.1002/ejp.1558] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2019] [Revised: 01/28/2020] [Accepted: 03/11/2020] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- James S. Dunn
- School of Medicine Western Sydney University Penrith NSW Australia
| | - Saad S. Nagi
- School of Medicine Western Sydney University Penrith NSW Australia
- Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences Center for Social and Affective Neuroscience Linköping University Linköping Sweden
| | - David A. Mahns
- School of Medicine Western Sydney University Penrith NSW Australia
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Liu C, Xu Y, Yang H, Zhang J. Establishment of axon regeneration regulatory network and the role of low intensity pulsed ultrasound in the network. Saudi J Biol Sci 2020; 26:1922-1926. [PMID: 31889775 PMCID: PMC6923491 DOI: 10.1016/j.sjbs.2019.07.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2019] [Revised: 07/11/2019] [Accepted: 07/13/2019] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective To establish an axon regeneration regulatory network for optimal selection, and explore the role of low intensity pulsed ultrasound in the network. Methods The axon regeneration regulatory network involving axon regeneration-related proteins NGF, BDNF and PirB was constructed by using GO and KEGG. The maximum possible pathway acting on axon regeneration was screened by Bayesian network theory. The node of low - intensity pulsed ultrasound in NGF - involved axon regeneration network was complemented by combining literature methods. Results The NGF, BDNF and PirB-involved axonal regeneration regulatory pathway was successfully constructed. The low intensity pulsed ultrasound played a role in axon regeneration by acting on ERK1/2-CREB pathway and GSK-3β. NGF-TrKA-Rap1-ERK1/2-CREB-Bcl-2 was optimized as optimal pathway by Bayesian theory. Conclusion The regulatory pathway of axon regeneration involving nerve growth related factors and low intensity pulsed ultrasound was initially established, which provided a theoretical basis for further study of axon regeneration, and also new ideas for action of low intensity pulsed ultrasound on axon regeneration regulatory pathway.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chunyang Liu
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450052, China
| | - Yanhua Xu
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450052, China
| | - Hong Yang
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450052, China
| | - Jianhua Zhang
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450052, China
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Nerve growth factor and Tropomyosin receptor kinase A are increased in the gastric mucosa of patients with functional dyspepsia. BMC Gastroenterol 2019; 19:221. [PMID: 31856738 PMCID: PMC6924065 DOI: 10.1186/s12876-019-1133-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2019] [Accepted: 12/02/2019] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Nerve growth factor (NGF) and enteric glial cells (EGCs) are associated with visceral hypersensitivity and gastrointestinal motility disorder, which may represent the pathogenesis of functional dyspepsia (FD). This study aimed to investigate the expression of NGF, its high affinity receptor tropomyosin receptor kinase A (TrkA) and the EGC activation marker glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) in the gastric mucosa of patients with FD and the association of these proteins with dyspeptic symptoms. Methods Gastric mucosal biopsies taken from 27 FD patients (9 epigastric pain syndrome (EPS) patients, 7 postprandial distress syndrome (PDS) patients and 11 EPS overlap PDS patients) and 26 control subjects were used for analysis. The expression of NGF, TrkA and GFAP was examined, and the association of these proteins with dyspeptic symptoms, including epigastric pain, postprandial fullness, early satiation and epigastric burning, was analysed. Results The expression levels of NGF, TrkA, and GFAP in the gastric mucosa were significantly higher in the EPS group, the PDS group, and the EPS overlap PDS group than in the healthy control group. There was no significant difference between the FD subgroups. TrkA colocalized with GFAP, which indicated that TrkA was localized to EGCs, and the expression of TrkA in EGCs was significantly higher in the FD group than in the control group. Changes in the expression of NGF, TrkA, and GFAP were positively correlated with epigastric pain, postprandial fullness and early satiation but had no significant relationship with epigastric burning. Conclusions The increased expression of gastric NGF, TrkA and GFAP might be involved in FD pathophysiology and symptom perception.
Collapse
|
19
|
The NGF R100W Mutation Specifically Impairs Nociception without Affecting Cognitive Performance in a Mouse Model of Hereditary Sensory and Autonomic Neuropathy Type V. J Neurosci 2019; 39:9702-9715. [PMID: 31685654 DOI: 10.1523/jneurosci.0688-19.2019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2019] [Revised: 10/01/2019] [Accepted: 10/27/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Nerve growth factor (NGF) is a key mediator of nociception, acting during the development and differentiation of dorsal root ganglion (DRG) neurons, and on adult DRG neuron sensitization to painful stimuli. NGF also has central actions in the brain, where it regulates the phenotypic maintenance of cholinergic neurons. The physiological function of NGF as a pain mediator is altered in patients with Hereditary Sensory and Autonomic Neuropathy type V (HSAN V), caused by the 661C>T transition in the Ngf gene, resulting in the R100W missense mutation in mature NGF. Homozygous HSAN V patients present with congenital pain insensitivity, but are cognitively normal. This led us to hypothesize that the R100W mutation may differentially affect the central and peripheral actions of NGF. To test this hypothesis and provide a mechanistic basis to the HSAN V phenotype, we generated transgenic mice harboring the human 661C>T mutation in the Ngf gene and studied both males and females. We demonstrate that heterozygous NGFR100W/wt mice display impaired nociception. DRG neurons of NGFR100W/wt mice are morphologically normal, with no alteration in the different DRG subpopulations, whereas skin innervation is reduced. The NGFR100W protein has reduced capability to activate pain-specific signaling, paralleling its reduced ability to induce mechanical allodynia. Surprisingly, however, NGFR100W/wt mice, unlike heterozygous mNGF+/- mice, show no learning or memory deficits, despite a reduction in secretion and brain levels of NGF. The results exclude haploinsufficiency of NGF as a mechanistic cause for heterozygous HSAN V mice and demonstrate a specific effect of the R100W mutation on nociception.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT The R100W mutation in nerve growth factor (NGF) causes Hereditary Sensory and Autonomic Neuropathy type V, a rare disease characterized by impaired nociception, even in apparently clinically silent heterozygotes. For the first time, we generated and characterized heterozygous knock-in mice carrying the human R100W-mutated allele (NGFR100W/wt). Mutant mice have normal nociceptor populations, which, however, display decreased activation of pain transduction pathways. NGFR100W interferes with peripheral and central NGF bioavailability, but this does not impact on CNS function, as demonstrated by normal learning and memory, in contrast with heterozygous NGF knock-out mice. Thus, a point mutation allows neurotrophic and pronociceptive functions of NGF to be split, with interesting implications for the treatment of chronic pain.
Collapse
|
20
|
Meng J, Zhang Q, Yang C, Xiao L, Xue Z, Zhu J. Duloxetine, a Balanced Serotonin-Norepinephrine Reuptake Inhibitor, Improves Painful Chemotherapy-Induced Peripheral Neuropathy by Inhibiting Activation of p38 MAPK and NF-κB. Front Pharmacol 2019; 10:365. [PMID: 31024320 PMCID: PMC6465602 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2019.00365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2018] [Accepted: 03/25/2019] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy (CIPN) is a severe, toxic side effect that frequently occurs in anticancer treatment and may result in discontinuation of treatment as well as a serious reduction in life quality. The CIPN incidence rate is as high as 85–90%. Unfortunately, there is currently no standard evidence-based CIPN treatment. In several clinical trials, it has been reported that duloxetine can improve CIPN pain induced by oxaliplatin (OXA) and paclitaxel (PTX); thus, The American Society of Clinical Oncology (ASCO) recommends duloxetine as the only potential treatment for CIPN. However, this guidance lacks the support of sufficient evidence. Our study shows that duloxetine markedly reduces neuropathic pain evoked by OXA or PTX. Duloxetine acts by inhibiting the activation of p38 phosphorylation, thus preventing the activation and nuclear translocation of the NF-κB transcription factor, reducing the inflammatory response and inhibiting nerve injury by regulating nerve growth factor (NGF). Furthermore, in this study, it is shown that duloxetine does not affect the antitumor activity of OXA or PTX. This study not only provides biological evidence to support the use of duloxetine as the first standard CIPN drug but will also lead to potential new targets for CIPN drug development.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jing Meng
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Pharmacology and Safety Evaluation of Chinese Materia Medica, Department of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China.,Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Anesthesia and Analgesia Application Technology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Qiuyan Zhang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Pharmacology and Safety Evaluation of Chinese Materia Medica, Department of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Chao Yang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Pharmacology and Safety Evaluation of Chinese Materia Medica, Department of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Lu Xiao
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Pharmacology and Safety Evaluation of Chinese Materia Medica, Department of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Zhenzhen Xue
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Pharmacology and Safety Evaluation of Chinese Materia Medica, Department of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Jing Zhu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Pharmacology and Safety Evaluation of Chinese Materia Medica, Department of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China.,Departments of Neurology and Neuroscience, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Xu J, Song J, Yang X, Guo J, Wang T, Zhuo W. ProNGF siRNA inhibits cell proliferation and invasion of pancreatic cancer cells and promotes anoikis. Biomed Pharmacother 2019; 111:1066-1073. [PMID: 30841420 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2019.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2018] [Revised: 12/21/2018] [Accepted: 01/01/2019] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Precursor of nerve growth factor (proNGF) was previously considered biologically inactive; however, it has recently been identified as having important roles in the pathology of cancer development. AIM This study aimed to explore the therapeutic effects of proNGF siRNA on the proliferation, invasion, and anoikis of pancreatic cancer cells and determine the functions of proNGF. METHODS Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) and paired paracancerous tissue samples were collected from 60 patients for evaluation of proNGF expression by immunohistochemistry staining, qPCR, and western blotting. PDAC cell proliferation, migration, apoptosis, and anoikis following proNGF siRNA knockdown were investigated in two pancreatic cancer cell lines, Panc-1 and Bxpc-3, using BrdU incorporation assays, EdU staining, Ki-67 immunofluorescence (IF) staining, wound-healing assays, transwell invasion assays, and EthD-1 IF staining. Autophagy-related proteins were also measured by western blotting. RESULTS Levels of proNGF protein were higher in pancreatic cancer tissues and cells lines than those in paracancerous tissues and normal pancreatic duct epithelial cells, respectively. In vitro, ProNGF knockdown by siRNA led to significantly reduced cell proliferation, remarkably inhibited wound-healing, and reduced the number of invaded PDAC cells in migration and transwell assays. Treatment with proNGF siRNA also downregulated ATG5 and Beclin 1 protein levels, increased those of P62, and increased EthD-1 staining in PDAC cells. CONCLUSION ProNGF expression is elevated in PDAC tissues and cell lines, and proNGF siRNA can inhibit cell proliferation, migration, and invasion, and promote anoikis of pancreatic cancer cells, in which decreased proNGF may participate.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jianbiao Xu
- Second Department of General Surgery, The First People's Hospital of Yunnan Province, Kunming 650032, China; The Affiliated Hospital of Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650032, China
| | - Jianlin Song
- Second Department of General Surgery, The First People's Hospital of Yunnan Province, Kunming 650032, China; The Affiliated Hospital of Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650032, China
| | - Xiaochun Yang
- The Affiliated Hospital of Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650032, China; Department of Ophthalmology, The First People's Hospital of Yunnan Province, Kunming 650032, China.
| | - Jianhui Guo
- Second Department of General Surgery, The First People's Hospital of Yunnan Province, Kunming 650032, China; The Affiliated Hospital of Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650032, China.
| | - Tongmin Wang
- Second Department of General Surgery, The First People's Hospital of Yunnan Province, Kunming 650032, China; The Affiliated Hospital of Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650032, China
| | - Weidong Zhuo
- Second Department of General Surgery, The First People's Hospital of Yunnan Province, Kunming 650032, China; The Affiliated Hospital of Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650032, China
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Schaefer I, Prato V, Arcourt A, Taberner FJ, Lechner SG. Differential modulation of voltage-gated sodium channels by nerve growth factor in three major subsets of TrkA-expressing nociceptors. Mol Pain 2018; 14:1744806918814640. [PMID: 30387376 PMCID: PMC6856966 DOI: 10.1177/1744806918814640] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Nerve growth factor is an inflammatory mediator that induces long-lasting
hyperalgesia, which can partially be attributed to nerve growth factor-induced
sensitization of primary afferent nociceptors. It was shown that nerve growth
factor increases the excitability of polymodal C-fibre nociceptors by modulating
tetrodotoxin-sensitive and tetrodotoxin-resistant voltage-gated sodium channels,
but hitherto only little is known about the effects of nerve growth factor on
sodium currents in other nociceptor subtypes that express the nerve growth
factor receptor TrkA. We previously characterized two reporter mouse lines that
allow the unequivocal identification of two important subclasses of
TrkA-expressing nociceptors – i.e. neuropeptide Y receptor type 2
(NPY2R+ ) Aδ-fibre nociceptors that mediate pinprick pain and
nicotinic acetylcholine receptor alpha-3 subunit (CHRNA3+ ) silent
nociceptors, which are the most abundant TrkA+ nociceptors in
visceral organs and deep somatic tissues. Here, we utilized these mouse lines to
investigate the expression patterns and the possible nerve growth
factor-dependent modulation of sodium channels in these neurons using whole-cell
patch-clamp recordings and quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction. We
demonstrate that NPY2R+ nociceptors, CHRNA3+ ‘silent’
nociceptors and polymodal C-fibre nociceptors express different combinations of
sodium channel α- and β-subunits and accordingly exhibit functionally different
sodium currents. Moreover, we demonstrate that nerve growth factor produces
robust hyperpolarizing shifts in the half-activation voltage of
tetrodotoxin-resistant currents in NPY2R+ nociceptors and polymodal
C-fibre nociceptors and also shifts the half-activation of
tetrodotoxin-sensitive currents in polymodal C-fibre nociceptors. In silent
nociceptors, however, nerve growth factor solely increases the current density
of the tetrodotoxin-resistant current but does not alter other sodium channel
properties. Considering the different peripheral target tissues and the
previously reported roles in different forms of pain of the nociceptor
subpopulations that were examined here, our results suggest that nerve growth
factor differentially contributes to the development visceral and cutaneous pain
hypersensitivity and highlights the importance of developing different
therapeutic strategies for different forms of pain.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Irina Schaefer
- 1 Institute of Pharmacology, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Vincenzo Prato
- 1 Institute of Pharmacology, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Alice Arcourt
- 1 Institute of Pharmacology, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany.,2 Centre for Developmental Neurobiology, King's College London, London, UK
| | | | - Stefan G Lechner
- 1 Institute of Pharmacology, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Majuta LA, Mitchell SA, Kuskowski MA, Mantyh PW. Anti-nerve growth factor does not change physical activity in normal young or aging mice but does increase activity in mice with skeletal pain. Pain 2018; 159:2285-2295. [PMID: 29994990 PMCID: PMC6233725 DOI: 10.1097/j.pain.0000000000001330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Anti-nerve growth factor (anti-NGF) therapy has shown significant promise in attenuating several types of skeletal pain. However, whether anti-NGF therapy changes the level of physical activity in individuals with or without skeletal pain is largely unknown. Here, automated day/night activity boxes monitored the effects of anti-NGF treatment on physical activity in normal young (3 months old) and aging (18-23 months old) mice and mice with bone fracture pain. Although aging mice were clearly less active and showed loss of bone mass compared with young mice, anti-NGF treatment had no effect on any measure of day/night activity in either the young or aging mice. By contrast, in mice with femoral fracture pain, anti-NGF treatment produced a clear increase (10%-27%) in horizontal activity, vertical rearing, and velocity of travel compared with the Fracture + Vehicle group. These results suggest, just as in humans, mice titrate their level of physical activity to their level of skeletal pain. The level of skeletal pain may in part be determined by the level of free NGF that seems to rise after injury but not normal aging of the skeleton. In terms of bone healing, animals that received anti-NGF showed an increase in the size of calcified callus but no increase in the number of displaced fractures or time to cortical union. As physical activity is the best nondrug treatment for many patients with skeletal pain, anti-NGF may be useful in reducing pain and promoting activity in these patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lisa A. Majuta
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85724
| | | | | | - Patrick W. Mantyh
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85724
- Cancer Center, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85724
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Prato V, Taberner FJ, Hockley JRF, Callejo G, Arcourt A, Tazir B, Hammer L, Schad P, Heppenstall PA, Smith ES, Lechner SG. Functional and Molecular Characterization of Mechanoinsensitive "Silent" Nociceptors. Cell Rep 2018; 21:3102-3115. [PMID: 29241539 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2017.11.066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 105] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2017] [Revised: 10/09/2017] [Accepted: 11/14/2017] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Mechanical and thermal hyperalgesia (pain hypersensitivity) are cardinal signs of inflammation. Although the mechanism underlying thermal hyperalgesia is well understood, the cellular and molecular basis of mechanical hyperalgesia is poorly described. Here, we have identified a subset of peptidergic C-fiber nociceptors that are insensitive to noxious mechanical stimuli under normal conditions but become sensitized to such stimuli when exposed to the inflammatory mediator nerve growth factor (NGF). Strikingly, NGF did not affect mechanosensitivity of other nociceptors. We show that these mechanoinsensitive "silent" nociceptors are characterized by the expression of the nicotinic acetylcholine receptor subunit alpha-3 (CHRNA3) and that the mechanically gated ion channel PIEZO2 mediates NGF-induced mechanosensitivity in these neurons. Retrograde tracing revealed that CHRNA3+ nociceptors account for ∼50% of all peptidergic nociceptive afferents innervating visceral organs and deep somatic tissues. Hence, our data suggest that NGF-induced "un-silencing" of CHRNA3+ nociceptors significantly contributes to the development of mechanical hyperalgesia during inflammation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Vincenzo Prato
- Institute of Pharmacology, Heidelberg University, Im Neuenheimer Feld 366, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Francisco J Taberner
- Institute of Pharmacology, Heidelberg University, Im Neuenheimer Feld 366, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany; EMBL Monterotondo, Via Ramarini 32, 00016 Monterotondo, Italy
| | - James R F Hockley
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Cambridge, Tennis Court Road, Cambridge CB2 1PD, UK
| | - Gerard Callejo
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Cambridge, Tennis Court Road, Cambridge CB2 1PD, UK
| | - Alice Arcourt
- Institute of Pharmacology, Heidelberg University, Im Neuenheimer Feld 366, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Bassim Tazir
- Institute of Pharmacology, Heidelberg University, Im Neuenheimer Feld 366, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Leonie Hammer
- Institute of Pharmacology, Heidelberg University, Im Neuenheimer Feld 366, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Paulina Schad
- Institute of Pharmacology, Heidelberg University, Im Neuenheimer Feld 366, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | | | - Ewan S Smith
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Cambridge, Tennis Court Road, Cambridge CB2 1PD, UK
| | - Stefan G Lechner
- Institute of Pharmacology, Heidelberg University, Im Neuenheimer Feld 366, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Moroni M, Servin-Vences MR, Fleischer R, Sánchez-Carranza O, Lewin GR. Voltage gating of mechanosensitive PIEZO channels. Nat Commun 2018; 9:1096. [PMID: 29545531 PMCID: PMC5854696 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-018-03502-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 100] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2017] [Accepted: 02/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Mechanosensitive PIEZO ion channels are evolutionarily conserved proteins whose presence is critical for normal physiology in multicellular organisms. Here we show that, in addition to mechanical stimuli, PIEZO channels are also powerfully modulated by voltage and can even switch to a purely voltage-gated mode. Mutations that cause human diseases, such as xerocytosis, profoundly shift voltage sensitivity of PIEZO1 channels toward the resting membrane potential and strongly promote voltage gating. Voltage modulation may be explained by the presence of an inactivation gate in the pore, the opening of which is promoted by outward permeation. Older invertebrate (fly) and vertebrate (fish) PIEZO proteins are also voltage sensitive, but voltage gating is a much more prominent feature of these older channels. We propose that the voltage sensitivity of PIEZO channels is a deep property co-opted to add a regulatory mechanism for PIEZO activation in widely different cellular contexts. PIEZO proteins form mechanosensitive ion channels. Here the authors present electrophysiological measurements that show that PIEZO channels are also modulated by voltage and can switch to a purely voltage gated mode, which is an evolutionary conserved property of this channel family.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mirko Moroni
- Department of Neuroscience, Max-Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine, Robert-Rössle Straße 10, D-13092, Berlin, Germany.
| | - M Rocio Servin-Vences
- Department of Neuroscience, Max-Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine, Robert-Rössle Straße 10, D-13092, Berlin, Germany
| | - Raluca Fleischer
- Department of Neuroscience, Max-Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine, Robert-Rössle Straße 10, D-13092, Berlin, Germany
| | - Oscar Sánchez-Carranza
- Department of Neuroscience, Max-Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine, Robert-Rössle Straße 10, D-13092, Berlin, Germany
| | - Gary R Lewin
- Department of Neuroscience, Max-Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine, Robert-Rössle Straße 10, D-13092, Berlin, Germany. .,Excellence Cluster Neurocure, Charité Universitätsmedizin, 10117, Berlin, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Viganò D, Zara F, Usai P. Irritable bowel syndrome and endometriosis: New insights for old diseases. Dig Liver Dis 2018; 50:213-219. [PMID: 29396128 DOI: 10.1016/j.dld.2017.12.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2017] [Revised: 12/15/2017] [Accepted: 12/18/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Irritable bowel syndrome and endometriosis are two diseases affecting a significant part of the female population, either together or individually, with remarkable consequences in the quality of life. Several studies suggest an epidemiological association between them. Their association may not be just an epidemiological phenomenon, but the manifestation of a pathophysiological correlation, which probably generates a mutual promotion phenomenon. In particular, both clinical entities share the presence of a chronic low-grade inflammatory state at the basis of the disease persistence. Recognizing this association is highly significant due to their prevalence and the common clinical manifestation occurring with a chronic abdominal pain. A further multi disciplinary approach is suggested in these patients' management in order to achieve an adequate diagnostic work up and a targeted therapy. This paper analyses some common pathophysiological mechanisms, such as activation of mast cell line, neuronal inflammation, dysbiosis and impaired intestinal permeability. The aim was to investigate their presence in both IBS and endometriosis, and to show the complexity of their relationship in the generation and maintenance of chronic inflammation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Davide Viganò
- Department of Medical Sciences and Public Health, University of Cagliari, Italy; Presidio Policlinico of Monserrato, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Federica Zara
- Department of Medical Sciences and Public Health, University of Cagliari, Italy; Presidio Policlinico of Monserrato, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Paolo Usai
- Department of Medical Sciences and Public Health, University of Cagliari, Italy; Presidio Policlinico of Monserrato, Cagliari, Italy.
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
St John Smith E. Advances in understanding nociception and neuropathic pain. J Neurol 2018; 265:231-238. [PMID: 29032407 PMCID: PMC5808094 DOI: 10.1007/s00415-017-8641-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 141] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2017] [Revised: 10/02/2017] [Accepted: 10/03/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Pain results from the activation of a subset of sensory neurones termed nociceptors and has evolved as a "detect and protect" mechanism. However, lesion or disease in the sensory system can result in neuropathic pain, which serves no protective function. Understanding how the sensory nervous system works and what changes occur in neuropathic pain are vital in identifying new therapeutic targets and developing novel analgesics. In recent years, technologies such as optogenetics and RNA-sequencing have been developed, which alongside the more traditional use of animal neuropathic pain models and insights from genetic variations in humans have enabled significant advances to be made in the mechanistic understanding of neuropathic pain.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ewan St John Smith
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Cambridge, Tennis Court Road, Cambridge, CB2 1PD, UK.
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Latremoliere A, Costigan M. Combining Human and Rodent Genetics to Identify New Analgesics. Neurosci Bull 2018; 34:143-155. [PMID: 28667479 PMCID: PMC5799129 DOI: 10.1007/s12264-017-0152-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2017] [Accepted: 06/01/2017] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Most attempts at rational development of new analgesics have failed, in part because chronic pain involves multiple processes that remain poorly understood. To improve translational success, one strategy is to select novel targets for which there is proof of clinical relevance, either genetically through heritable traits, or pharmacologically. Such an approach by definition yields targets with high clinical validity. The biology of these targets can be elucidated in animal models before returning to the patients with a refined therapeutic. For optimal treatment, having biomarkers of drug action available is also a plus. Here we describe a case study in rational drug design: the use of controlled inhibition of peripheral tetrahydrobiopterin (BH4) synthesis to reduce abnormal chronic pain states without altering nociceptive-protective pain. Initially identified in a population of patients with low back pain, the association between BH4 production and chronic pain has been confirmed in more than 12 independent cohorts, through a common haplotype (present in 25% of Caucasians) of the rate-limiting enzyme for BH4 synthesis, GTP cyclohydrolase 1 (GCH1). Genetic tools in mice have demonstrated that both injured sensory neurons and activated macrophages engage increased BH4 synthesis to cause chronic pain. GCH1 is an obligate enzyme for de novo BH4 production. Therefore, inhibiting GCH1 activity eliminates all BH4 production, affecting the synthesis of multiple neurotransmitters and signaling molecules and interfering with physiological function. In contrast, targeting the last enzyme of the BH4 synthesis pathway, sepiapterin reductase (SPR), allows reduction of pathological BH4 production without completely blocking physiological BH4 synthesis. Systemic SPR inhibition in mice has not revealed any safety concerns to date, and available genetic and pharmacologic data suggest similar responses in humans. Finally, because it is present in vivo only when SPR is inhibited, sepiapterin serves as a reliable biomarker of target engagement, allowing potential quantification of drug efficacy. The emerging development of therapeutics that target BH4 synthesis to treat chronic pain illustrates the power of combining human and mouse genetics: human genetic studies for clinical selection of relevant targets, coupled with causality studies in mice, allowing the rational engineering of new analgesics.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alban Latremoliere
- Kirby Neurobiology Center, Boston Children's Hospital and Department of Neurobiology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA.
| | - Michael Costigan
- Kirby Neurobiology Center, Boston Children's Hospital and Department of Neurobiology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA.
- Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative and Pain Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, 02115, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Abstract
The neurotrophins are a family of closely related proteins that were first identified as survival factors for sympathetic and sensory neurons and have since been shown to control a number of aspects of survival, development, and function of neurons in both the central and peripheral nervous systems. Limiting quantities of neurotrophins during development control the numbers of surviving neurons to ensure a match between neurons and the requirement for a suitable density of target innervation. Biological effects of each of the four mammalian neurotrophins are mediated through activation of one or more of the three members of the tropomyosin-related kinase (Trk) family of receptor tyrosine kinases (TrkA, TrkB, and TrkC). In addition, all neurotrophins activate the p75 neurotrophin receptor (p75NTR), a member of the tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily. Neurotrophin engagement of Trk receptors leads to activation of Ras, phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase, phospholipase C-γ1, and signaling pathways controlled through these proteins, including the mitogen-activated protein kinases. Neurotrophin availability is required into adulthood, where they control synaptic function and plasticity and sustain neuronal cell survival, morphology, and differentiation. This article will provide an overview of neurotrophin biology, their receptors, and signaling pathways.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Stephen D Skaper
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, University of Padua, Padua, Italy.
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Omerbašić D, Smith ESJ, Moroni M, Homfeld J, Eigenbrod O, Bennett NC, Reznick J, Faulkes CG, Selbach M, Lewin GR. Hypofunctional TrkA Accounts for the Absence of Pain Sensitization in the African Naked Mole-Rat. Cell Rep 2017; 17:748-758. [PMID: 27732851 PMCID: PMC5081396 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2016.09.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2016] [Revised: 06/23/2016] [Accepted: 09/13/2016] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The naked mole-rat is a subterranean rodent lacking several pain behaviors found in humans, rats, and mice. For example, nerve growth factor (NGF), an important mediator of pain sensitization, fails to produce thermal hyperalgesia in naked mole-rats. The sensitization of capsaicin-sensitive TRPV1 ion channels is necessary for NGF-induced hyperalgesia, but naked mole-rats have fully functional TRPV1 channels. We show that exposing isolated naked mole-rat nociceptors to NGF does not sensitize TRPV1. However, the naked mole-rat NGF receptor TrkA displays a reduced ability to engage signal transduction pathways that sensitize TRPV1. Between one- and three-amino-acid substitutions in the kinase domain of the naked mole-rat TrkA are sufficient to render the receptor hypofunctional, and this is associated with the absence of heat hyperalgesia. Our data suggest that evolution has selected for a TrkA variant that abolishes a robust nociceptive behavior in this species but is still compatible with species fitness. TRPV1 ion channels in naked mole-rat nociceptors are not sensitized by NGF Naked mole-rat TRPV1 channels are sensitized by NGF in mouse nociceptors NGF activation of naked mole-rat TrkA receptors does not sensitize TRPV1 One to three amino acids in the naked mole-rat TrkA receptors may render it hypofunctional
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Damir Omerbašić
- Molecular Physiology of Somatic Sensation, Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine, 13125 Berlin, Germany; Proteome Dynamics Group, Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine, 13125 Berlin, Germany
| | - Ewan St J Smith
- Molecular Physiology of Somatic Sensation, Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine, 13125 Berlin, Germany; Department of Pharmacology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 1PD, UK
| | - Mirko Moroni
- Molecular Physiology of Somatic Sensation, Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine, 13125 Berlin, Germany
| | - Johanna Homfeld
- Molecular Physiology of Somatic Sensation, Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine, 13125 Berlin, Germany
| | - Ole Eigenbrod
- Molecular Physiology of Somatic Sensation, Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine, 13125 Berlin, Germany
| | - Nigel C Bennett
- Department of Zoology and Entomology, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, Hatfield 0028, Republic of South Africa
| | - Jane Reznick
- Molecular Physiology of Somatic Sensation, Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine, 13125 Berlin, Germany
| | - Chris G Faulkes
- School of Biological and Chemical Sciences, Queen Mary University of London, Mile End Road, London E1 4NS, UK
| | - Matthias Selbach
- Proteome Dynamics Group, Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine, 13125 Berlin, Germany
| | - Gary R Lewin
- Molecular Physiology of Somatic Sensation, Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine, 13125 Berlin, Germany; Excellence Cluster Neurocure, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, 10117 Berlin, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Cai YY, Li C, Yan ZX, Ma N, Li FF. Effects of SCN9A gene modification on Na+ channel and the expression of nerve growth factor in a rat model of diarrhea‑predominant irritable bowel syndrome. Mol Med Rep 2017; 17:1839-1846. [PMID: 29138838 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2017.8061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2016] [Accepted: 08/24/2017] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of the present study was to identify whether the sodium voltage-gated channel alpha subunit 9 (SCN9A) gene modification is a potential treatment for diarrhea‑predominant irritable bowel syndrome (D‑IBS), via regulating the Na+ channel and the expression of nerve growth factor (NGF). The recombinant adenovirus vector of the SCN9A gene was established, and rat colon cells were isolated for SCN9A gene modification. All subjects were divided into four groups: i) The SCN9A‑modified (D‑IBS rat model implanted with SCN9A‑modified colon cells), ii) negative control (NC; D‑IBS rat model implanted with colon cells without SCN9A gene modification), iii) blank (D‑IBS rat model without any treatment) and iv) normal (normal rats without any treatment). Western blotting and reverse transcription‑quantitative polymerase chain reaction were used to detect the protein and mRNA expression levels of SCN9A, NGF and voltage gated sodium channels (Nav)1.8 and Nav1.9 in rat colon tissues. Compared with the normal group, the rats in the SCN9A, NC and blank groups had significantly elevated mRNA and protein expression levels of NGF, SCN9A, Nav1.8 and Nav1.9. The rats in the SCN9A group demonstrated significantly increased mRNA and protein expression levels of NGF, SCN9A, Nav1.8 and Nav1.9 compared with the NC group and the blank group (all P<0.05). SCN9A gene modification can promote the expression of Nav1.8 and Nav1.9 channels, in addition to NGF which may provide a novel therapeutic basis for treating of D‑IBS.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yong-Yan Cai
- The First Department of Pediatric Medicinel, Cangzhou Central Hospital, Cangzhou, Hebei 061000, P.R. China
| | - Chen Li
- The Fifth Department of Pediatric Medicine, Cangzhou Central Hospital, Cangzhou, Hebei 061000, P.R. China
| | - Zhi-Xin Yan
- The First Department of Pediatric Medicinel, Cangzhou Central Hospital, Cangzhou, Hebei 061000, P.R. China
| | - Na Ma
- The First Department of Pediatric Medicinel, Cangzhou Central Hospital, Cangzhou, Hebei 061000, P.R. China
| | - Fang-Fang Li
- The First Department of Pediatric Medicinel, Cangzhou Central Hospital, Cangzhou, Hebei 061000, P.R. China
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Devonshire IM, Burston JJ, Xu L, Lillywhite A, Prior MJ, Watson DJG, Greenspon CM, Iwabuchi SJ, Auer DP, Chapman V. Manganese-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging depicts brain activity in models of acute and chronic pain: A new window to study experimental spontaneous pain? Neuroimage 2017. [PMID: 28633971 PMCID: PMC5607296 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2017.06.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Application of functional imaging techniques to animal models is vital to understand pain mechanisms, but is often confounded by the need to limit movement artefacts with anaesthesia, and a focus on evoked responses rather than clinically relevant spontaneous pain and related hyperalgesia. The aim of the present study was to investigate the potential of manganese-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (MEMRI) to measure neural responses during on-going pain that underpins hyperalgesia in pre-clinical models of nociception. As a proof of concept that MEMRI is sensitive to the neural activity of spontaneous, intermittent behaviour, we studied a separate positive control group undergoing a voluntary running wheel experiment. In the pain models, pain behaviour (weight bearing asymmetry and hindpaw withdrawal thresholds (PWTs)) was measured at baseline and following either intra-articular injection of nerve growth factor (NGF, 10µg/50µl; acute pain model, n=4 rats per group), or the chondrocyte toxin monosodium iodoacetate (MIA, 1mg/50µl; chronic model, n=8 rats per group), or control injection. Separate groups of rats underwent a voluntary wheel running protocol (n=8 rats per group). Rats were administered with paramagnetic ion Mn2+ as soluble MnCl2 over seven days (subcutaneous osmotic pump) to allow cumulative activity-dependent neural accumulation in the models of pain, or over a period of running. T1-weighted MR imaging at 7T was performed under isoflurane anaesthesia using a receive-only rat head coil in combination with a 72mm volume coil for excitation. The pain models resulted in weight bearing asymmetry (NGF: 20.0 ± 5.2%, MIA: 15 ± 3%), and a reduction in PWT in the MIA model (8.3 ± 1.5g) on the final day of assessment before undergoing MR imaging. Voxel-wise and region-based analysis of MEMRI data did not identify group differences in T1 signal. However, MnCl2 accumulation in the VTA, right Ce amygdala, and left cingulate was negatively correlated with pain responses (greater differences in weight bearing), similarly MnCl2 accumulation was reduced in the VTA in line with hyperalgesia (lower PWTs), which suggests reduced regional activation as a result of the intensity and duration of pain experienced during the 7 days of MnCl2 exposure. Motor cortex T1-weighted signal increase was associated with the distance ran in the wheel running study, while no between group difference was seen. Our data suggest that on-going pain related signal changes identified using MEMRI offers a new window to study the neural underpinnings of spontaneous pain in rats.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- I M Devonshire
- Arthritis Research UK Pain Centre, University of Nottingham, UK; School of Life Sciences, University of Nottingham, UK
| | - J J Burston
- Arthritis Research UK Pain Centre, University of Nottingham, UK; School of Life Sciences, University of Nottingham, UK
| | - L Xu
- Arthritis Research UK Pain Centre, University of Nottingham, UK; School of Life Sciences, University of Nottingham, UK
| | - A Lillywhite
- Arthritis Research UK Pain Centre, University of Nottingham, UK; School of Life Sciences, University of Nottingham, UK
| | - M J Prior
- Medical Imaging Unit, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, UK
| | - D J G Watson
- School of Life Sciences, University of Nottingham, UK
| | - C M Greenspon
- School of Life Sciences, University of Nottingham, UK
| | - S J Iwabuchi
- Medical Imaging Unit, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, UK; Neuroradiology, Nottingham University Hospitals Trust, Nottingham NG7 2UH, UK
| | - D P Auer
- Arthritis Research UK Pain Centre, University of Nottingham, UK; Medical Imaging Unit, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, UK; Neuroradiology, Nottingham University Hospitals Trust, Nottingham NG7 2UH, UK
| | - V Chapman
- Arthritis Research UK Pain Centre, University of Nottingham, UK; School of Life Sciences, University of Nottingham, UK.
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Deng QJ, Xu XF, Ren J. Effects of SDF-1/CXCR4 on the Repair of Traumatic Brain Injury in Rats by Mediating Bone Marrow Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells. Cell Mol Neurobiol 2017; 38:467-477. [PMID: 28484859 DOI: 10.1007/s10571-017-0490-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2016] [Accepted: 03/24/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Our study aims to investigate the effects of the SDF-1/CXCR4 axis on the repair of traumatic brain injury (TBI) in rats by mediating bone marrow derived from mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs). Healthy male SD rats were collected, their tibiofibulars were removed, cultured, and BMSCs were collected. The expression of cell-surface molecular proteins was examined using flow cytometry. The mRNA and protein expression of CXCR4 in cells were tested using qRT-PCR and western blotting analysis. An electronic brain injury instrument was utilized to build TBI rat models and each rat was assigned into the experiment, positive control and control groups (10 rats in each group). The morris water maze was used to calculate the escape latency and number of times rats in each group crossed the platform. Neurological severity scores (NSS) was calculated to evaluate the recovery of neurological functioning. The distribution of neuronal nuclear antigens was detected using double-labeling immunohistochemistry. The morphological changes in the hippocampal neuronal and the number of BrdU-positive cells were observed through Nissl's staining and high magnification. The mRNA and protein expressions of CXCR4 were gradually increased as SDF-1 concentration increased. NGF and BDNF positive cells were expressed in each group. The distribution of neuronal nuclear antigens in the experiment group was elevated compared to the control and positive control groups. Among the three groups, the experimental group had the shortest escape latency and the highest number platform crossings. The difference in NSS among the three groups was significant. The experimental group had better cell morphology and a higher number of BrdU-positive cells than the other groups. The present study demonstrates that transplanting BMSCs with SDF-1-induced CXCR4 expression can promote the repair of TBI. This is expected to become a new treatment regimen for TBI.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Quan-Jun Deng
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, 300052, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiao-Feng Xu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, 200032, People's Republic of China.,Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College of Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, People's Republic of China
| | - Jing Ren
- Department of Medical Laboratory, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, No. 154 Anshan Road, Heping District, Tianjin, 300052, People's Republic of China.
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Skaper SD. Nerve growth factor: a neuroimmune crosstalk mediator for all seasons. Immunology 2017; 151:1-15. [PMID: 28112808 PMCID: PMC5382350 DOI: 10.1111/imm.12717] [Citation(s) in RCA: 122] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2016] [Revised: 01/16/2017] [Accepted: 01/18/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Neurotrophic factors comprise a broad family of biomolecules - most of which are peptides or small proteins - that support the growth, survival and differentiation of both developing and mature neurons. The prototypical example and best-characterized neurotrophic factor is nerve growth factor (NGF), which is widely recognized as a target-derived factor responsible for the survival and maintenance of the phenotype of specific subsets of peripheral neurons and basal forebrain cholinergic nuclei during development and maturation. In addition to being active in a wide array of non-nervous system cells, NGF is also synthesized by a range of cell types not considered as classical targets for innervation by NGF-dependent neurons; these include cells of the immune-haematopoietic lineage and populations in the brain involved in neuroendocrine functions. NGF concentrations are elevated in numerous inflammatory and autoimmune states such as multiple sclerosis, chronic arthritis, systemic lupus erythematosus and mastocytosis, in conjunction with increased accumulation of mast cells. Intriguingly, NGF seems to be linked also with diabetic pathology and insulin homeostasis. Mast cells and NGF appear involved in neuroimmune interactions and tissue inflammation. As mast cells are capable of producing and responding to NGF, this suggests that alterations in mast cell behaviour could provoke maladaptive neuroimmune tissue responses, including those of an autoimmune nature. Moreover, NGF exerts a modulatory role on sensory nociceptive nerve physiology in the adult, which appears to correlate with hyperalgesic phenomena occurring in tissue inflammation. NGF can therefore be viewed as a multifactorial modulator of neuro-immune-endocrine functions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Stephen D. Skaper
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological SciencesUniversity of PaduaPaduaItaly
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Bernal Sierra YA, Haseleu J, Kozlenkov A, Bégay V, Lewin GR. Genetic Tracing of Ca v3.2 T-Type Calcium Channel Expression in the Peripheral Nervous System. Front Mol Neurosci 2017; 10:70. [PMID: 28360836 PMCID: PMC5350092 DOI: 10.3389/fnmol.2017.00070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2016] [Accepted: 03/01/2017] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Characterizing the distinct functions of the T-type ion channel subunits Cav3.1, 3.2 or 3.3 has proven difficult due to their highly conserved amino-acid sequences and the lack of pharmacological blockers specific for each subunit. To precisely determine the expression pattern of the Cav3.2 channel in the nervous system we generated two knock-in mouse strains that express EGFP or Cre recombinase under the control of the Cav3.2 gene promoter. We show that in the brains of these animals, the Cav3.2 channel is predominantly expressed in the dentate gyrus of the hippocampus. In the peripheral nervous system, the activation of the promoter starts at E9.5 in neural crest cells that will give rise to dorsal root ganglia (DRG) neurons, but not sympathetic neurons. As development progresses the number of DRG cells expressing the Cav3.2 channel reaches around 7% of the DRG at E16.5, and remains constant until E18.5. Characterization of sensory neuron subpopulations at E18.5 showed that EGFP+ cells are a heterogeneous population consisting mainly of TrkB+ and TrkC+ cells, while only a small percentage of DRG cells were TrkA+. Genetic tracing of the sensory nerve end-organ innervation of the skin showed that the activity of the Cav3.2 channel promoter in sensory progenitors marks many mechanoreceptor and nociceptor endings, but spares slowly adapting mechanoreceptors with endings associated with Merkel cells. Our genetic analysis reveals for the first time that progenitors that express the Cav3.2 T-type calcium channel, defines a sensory specific lineage that populates a large proportion of the DRG. Using our Cav3.2-Cre mice together with AAV viruses containing a conditional fluorescent reporter (tdTomato) we could also show that Cre expression is largely restricted to two functionally distinct sensory neuron types in the adult ganglia. Cav3.2 positive neurons innervating the skin were found to only form lanceolate endings on hair follicles and are probably identical to D-hair receptors. A second population of nociceptive sensory neurons expressing the Cav3.2 gene was found to be positive for the calcitonin-gene related peptide but these neurons are deep tissue nociceptors that do not innervate the skin.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yinth A Bernal Sierra
- Department of Neuroscience, Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association and Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin Berlin, Germany
| | - Julia Haseleu
- Department of Neuroscience, Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association and Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin Berlin, Germany
| | - Alexey Kozlenkov
- Department of Neuroscience, Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association and Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin Berlin, Germany
| | - Valérie Bégay
- Department of Neuroscience, Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association and Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin Berlin, Germany
| | - Gary R Lewin
- Department of Neuroscience, Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association and Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin Berlin, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Xu XJ, Zhang YL, Liu L, Pan L, Yao SK. Increased expression of nerve growth factor correlates with visceral hypersensitivity and impaired gut barrier function in diarrhoea-predominant irritable bowel syndrome: a preliminary explorative study. Aliment Pharmacol Ther 2017; 45:100-114. [PMID: 27862119 DOI: 10.1111/apt.13848] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2016] [Revised: 07/29/2016] [Accepted: 10/09/2016] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Neural-immune-endocrine network mechanism has attracted increased attention in diarrhoea-predominant irritable bowel syndrome (IBS-D). Pre-clinical evidence indicates that nerve growth factor (NGF) mediates visceral hypersensitivity and gut barrier dysfunction, via interactions with mast cells and sensory nerve fibres. AIM To explore the role of nerve growth factor, as well as mast cell-nerve growth factor-nerve interaction in IBS-D pathophysiology. METHODS In this cross-sectional study, IBS-D patients and healthy controls first underwent clinical and psychological assessments. Visceral sensitivity to rectal distension was tested. As gut barrier function markers, serum diamine oxidase and d-lactate were detected. Rectosigmoid biopsies were taken for the analyses of nerve growth factor expression, mast cell count and activation, and sensory nerve fibres expressing transient receptor potential vanilloid 1 and calcitonin gene-related peptide. Correlations between these parameters were examined in patients. RESULTS Thirty-eight IBS-D patients (28 males, 10 females; average age 30.2 years) and 20 healthy controls (12 males, 8 females; average age 26.8 years) participated in the study. The patients presented increased psychological symptoms, visceral hypersensitivity and impaired gut barrier function. NGF gene expression, mast cell count and sensory nerve fibres were significantly increased in the patients (P < 0.05). In correlation analysis, NGF expression was positively correlated with the disease severity, anxiety and serum diamine oxidase; visceral sensitivity thresholds were negatively associated with NGF expression (Bonferroni corrected P < 0.0029). CONCLUSIONS Elevated mucosal NGF may interact with mast cells and sensory nerve fibres, contributing to visceral hypersensitivity and impaired gut barrier function in IBS-D.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- X J Xu
- Graduate School of Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China.,Gastroenterology Department, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Y L Zhang
- Gastroenterology Department, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - L Liu
- Jinan Central Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - L Pan
- Immunohistochemistry Laboratory of Clinical Medical Research Institute, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - S K Yao
- Graduate School of Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China.,Gastroenterology Department, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Kazemi A, Rahmati M, Eslami R, Sheibani V. Activation of neurotrophins in lumbar dorsal root probably contributes to neuropathic pain after spinal nerve ligation. IRANIAN JOURNAL OF BASIC MEDICAL SCIENCES 2017; 20:29-35. [PMID: 28133521 PMCID: PMC5243971 DOI: 10.22038/ijbms.2017.8089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Neurotrophins (NTs) exert various effects on neuronal system. Growing evidence indicates that NTs are involved in the pathophysiology of neuropathic pain. However, the exact role of these proteins in modulating nociceptive signaling requires being defined. Thus, the aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of spinal nerve ligation (SNL) on NTs activation in the lumbar dorsal root. MATERIALS AND METHODS Ten male Wistar rats were randomly assigned to two groups: tight ligation of the L5 spinal nerve (SNL: n=5) and Sham (n=5). In order to produce neuropathic pain, the L5 spinal nerve was tightly ligated (SNL). Then, allodynia and hyperalgesia tests were conducted weekly. After 4 weeks, tissue samples were taken from the two groups for laboratory evaluations. Here, Real-Time PCR quantity method was used for measuring NTs gene expression levels. RESULTS SNL resulted in a significant weight loss in the soleus muscle (P<0.05), mechanical allodynia and thermal hyperalgesia thresholds (respectively, P<0.05; P<0.05). Also, NGF, NT-4, NT-3, TrkA, TrkB and TrkC expression were up-regulated following spinal nerve ligation group (respectively, P=0.025, P=0.013, P=0.001, P=0.002, P<0.001, P=001) (respectively, 4.7, 5.2, 7.5, 5.1, 7.2, 6.2 folds). CONCLUSION The present study provides new evidence that neuropathic pain induced by spinal nerve ligation probably activates NTs and Trk receptors expression in DRG. However, further studies are needed to better elucidate the role of NTs in a neuropathic pain.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Abdolreza Kazemi
- Department of Physical Education and Sports Sciences, Faculty of Humanity and Literature, Vali E Asr University of Rafsanjan, Rafsanjan, Iran
- Neuroscience Research Center, Institute of Neuropharmacology, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
- Corresponding author: Abdolreza Kazemi. Department of Physical Education and Sports Sciences, Faculty of Humanity and Literature, Vali E ASR University, Rafsanjan, Iran. Tel/Fax: +98-31-312335;
| | - Masoud Rahmati
- Departments of Physical Education and Sports Sciences, Lorestan University, Khoram Abad, Iran
| | - Rasoul Eslami
- Department of corrective exercise and Sports injury, Faculty of Physical Education and Sports Sciences, Allameh Tabataba’i University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Vahid Sheibani
- Neuroscience Research Center, Institute of Neuropharmacology, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Small-molecule inhibition of STOML3 oligomerization reverses pathological mechanical hypersensitivity. Nat Neurosci 2016; 20:209-218. [PMID: 27941788 DOI: 10.1038/nn.4454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2016] [Accepted: 11/03/2016] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The skin is equipped with specialized mechanoreceptors that allow the perception of the slightest brush. Indeed, some mechanoreceptors can detect even nanometer-scale movements. Movement is transformed into electrical signals via the gating of mechanically activated ion channels at sensory endings in the skin. The sensitivity of Piezo mechanically gated ion channels is controlled by stomatin-like protein-3 (STOML3), which is required for normal mechanoreceptor function. Here we identify small-molecule inhibitors of STOML3 oligomerization that reversibly reduce the sensitivity of mechanically gated currents in sensory neurons and silence mechanoreceptors in vivo. STOML3 inhibitors in the skin also reversibly attenuate fine touch perception in normal mice. Under pathophysiological conditions following nerve injury or diabetic neuropathy, the slightest touch can produce pain, and here STOML3 inhibitors can reverse mechanical hypersensitivity. Thus, small molecules applied locally to the skin can be used to modulate touch and may represent peripherally available drugs to treat tactile-driven pain following neuropathy.
Collapse
|
39
|
Abstract
Worldwide, osteoarthritis (OA) is one of the leading causes of chronic pain, for which adequate relief is not available. Ongoing peripheral input from the affected joint is a major factor in OA-associated pain. Therefore, this review focuses predominantly on peripheral targets emerging in the preclinical and clinical arena. Nerve growth factor is the most advanced of these targets, and its blockade has shown tremendous promise in clinical trials in knee OA. A number of different types of ion channels, including voltage-gated sodium channels and calcium channels, transient receptor potential channels, and acid-sensing ion channels, are important for neuronal excitability and play a role in pain genesis. Few channel blockers have been tested in preclinical models of OA, with varying results. Finally, we discuss some examples of G-protein coupled receptors, which may offer attractive therapeutic strategies for OA pain, including receptors for bradykinin, calcitonin gene-related peptide, and chemokines. Since many of the pathways described above can be selectively and potently targeted, they offer an exciting opportunity for pain management in OA, either systemically or locally.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anne-Marie Malfait
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, Rush University Medical Center, 1611 W Harrison Street, Suite 510, Chicago, IL, 60612, USA.
| | - Richard J Miller
- Department of Pharmacology, Northwestern University, Robert H. Lurie Medical Research Center, 303 E. Superior, Chicago, IL, 60613, USA
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
Ventéo S, Laffray S, Wetzel C, Rivat C, Scamps F, Méchaly I, Bauchet L, Raoul C, Bourinet E, Lewin GR, Carroll P, Pattyn A. Fxyd2 regulates Aδ- and C-fiber mechanosensitivity and is required for the maintenance of neuropathic pain. Sci Rep 2016; 6:36407. [PMID: 27805035 PMCID: PMC5090990 DOI: 10.1038/srep36407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2016] [Accepted: 10/12/2016] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Identification of the molecular mechanisms governing sensory neuron subtype excitability is a key requisite for the development of treatments for somatic sensory disorders. Here, we show that the Na,K-ATPase modulator Fxyd2 is specifically required for setting the mechanosensitivity of Aδ-fiber low-threshold mechanoreceptors and sub-populations of C-fiber nociceptors, a role consistent with its restricted expression profile in the spinal somatosensory system. We also establish using the spared nerve injury model of neuropathic pain, that loss of Fxyd2 function, either constitutively in Fxyd2−/− mice or acutely in neuropathic rats, efficiently alleviates mechanical hypersensitivity induced by peripheral nerve lesions. The role of Fxyd2 in modulating Aδ- and C-fibers mechanosensitivity likely accounts for the anti-allodynic effect of Fxyd2 knockdown. Finally, we uncover the evolutionarily conserved restricted expression pattern of FXYD2 in human dorsal root ganglia, thus identifying this molecule as a potentially promising therapeutic target for peripheral neuropathic pain management.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Stéphanie Ventéo
- INSERM U1051, Institut des Neurosciences de Montpellier, Hôpital St Eloi, 80 rue Augustin Fliche, 34091 Montpellier, France
| | - Sophie Laffray
- UMR5203, INSERM U1191, Institut de Génomique Fonctionnelle, 141 rue de la Cardonille, 34094 Montpellier, France.,Université de Montpellier, Place Eugène Bataillon, 34090 Montpellier, France
| | - Christiane Wetzel
- Department of Neuroscience, Max-Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine, Robert-Rössle Str. 10, D-13125 Berlin, Germany
| | - Cyril Rivat
- INSERM U1051, Institut des Neurosciences de Montpellier, Hôpital St Eloi, 80 rue Augustin Fliche, 34091 Montpellier, France.,Université de Montpellier, Place Eugène Bataillon, 34090 Montpellier, France
| | - Frédérique Scamps
- INSERM U1051, Institut des Neurosciences de Montpellier, Hôpital St Eloi, 80 rue Augustin Fliche, 34091 Montpellier, France
| | - Ilana Méchaly
- INSERM U1051, Institut des Neurosciences de Montpellier, Hôpital St Eloi, 80 rue Augustin Fliche, 34091 Montpellier, France.,Université de Montpellier, Place Eugène Bataillon, 34090 Montpellier, France
| | - Luc Bauchet
- INSERM U1051, Institut des Neurosciences de Montpellier, Hôpital St Eloi, 80 rue Augustin Fliche, 34091 Montpellier, France.,Département de Neurochirurgie, Hôpital Gui de Chauliac, CHU, 80 avenue Augustin Fliche, 34295 Montpellier, France
| | - Cédric Raoul
- INSERM U1051, Institut des Neurosciences de Montpellier, Hôpital St Eloi, 80 rue Augustin Fliche, 34091 Montpellier, France
| | - Emmanuel Bourinet
- UMR5203, INSERM U1191, Institut de Génomique Fonctionnelle, 141 rue de la Cardonille, 34094 Montpellier, France
| | - Gary R Lewin
- Department of Neuroscience, Max-Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine, Robert-Rössle Str. 10, D-13125 Berlin, Germany
| | - Patrick Carroll
- INSERM U1051, Institut des Neurosciences de Montpellier, Hôpital St Eloi, 80 rue Augustin Fliche, 34091 Montpellier, France
| | - Alexandre Pattyn
- INSERM U1051, Institut des Neurosciences de Montpellier, Hôpital St Eloi, 80 rue Augustin Fliche, 34091 Montpellier, France
| |
Collapse
|
41
|
Cheppudira BP, Trevino AV, Petz LN, Christy RJ, Clifford JL. Anti-nerve growth factor antibody attenuates chronic morphine treatment-induced tolerance in the rat. BMC Anesthesiol 2016; 16:73. [PMID: 27596139 PMCID: PMC5011970 DOI: 10.1186/s12871-016-0242-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2016] [Accepted: 08/25/2016] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Nerve growth factor (NGF) is known to induce inflammation and pain; however its role in opioid-induced tolerance has not been studied. This study investigated the effects of an anti-NGF neutralizing antibody on the development of tolerance following chronic morphine treatment in naïve rats. Methods Four groups of rats were used in this study; one treated with saline alone, one with 10 mg/kg of morphine, one with 10 μg of anti-NGF and the other with 10 mg/kg of morphine + 10 μg of anti-NGF, twice per day for 5 days. The route of treatment was subcutaneous (S.C.) for morphine and saline, and intraperitoneal (i.p.) for anti-NGF. Response to a noxious thermal stimulus during the course of drug treatment was assessed (Hargreaves’ test). Further, the change in the NGF levels in the lumbar spinal cord was measured by ELISA. Results Our results showed that repeated administration of morphine produced an apparent tolerance which was significantly attenuated by co-administration of anti-NGF (P < 0.001). Additionally, the area under the curve (AUC) of the analgesic effect produced by the combination of morphine and anti-NGF was significantly (P < 0.001) greater than for saline controls and chronic morphine treated rats. Moreover, the level of NGF in the spinal cord of chronic morphine treated rats was significantly higher (P < 0.05) than in both the saline control group and the group receiving simultaneous administration of anti-NGF with morphine. These results indicate that anti-NGF has the potential to attenuate morphine-induced tolerance behavior by attenuating the effects of NGF at the spinal level. Conclusion Taken together, our study strongly suggests that the NGF signaling system is a potential novel target for treating opioid-induced tolerance.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bopaiah P Cheppudira
- Burn Injuries Task Area, United States Army Institute of Surgical Research, 3698 Chambers Pass, San Antonio Military Medical Center, Fort Sam Houston, San Antonio, Texas, 78234, USA.
| | - Alex V Trevino
- Burn Injuries Task Area, United States Army Institute of Surgical Research, 3698 Chambers Pass, San Antonio Military Medical Center, Fort Sam Houston, San Antonio, Texas, 78234, USA
| | - Lawrence N Petz
- Department of Clinical Investigation, United States Army Institute of Surgical Research, 3698 Chambers Pass, San Antonio Military Medical Center, Fort Sam Houston, San Antonio, Texas, 78234, USA
| | - Robert J Christy
- Burn Injuries Task Area, United States Army Institute of Surgical Research, 3698 Chambers Pass, San Antonio Military Medical Center, Fort Sam Houston, San Antonio, Texas, 78234, USA
| | - John L Clifford
- Burn Injuries Task Area, United States Army Institute of Surgical Research, 3698 Chambers Pass, San Antonio Military Medical Center, Fort Sam Houston, San Antonio, Texas, 78234, USA
| |
Collapse
|
42
|
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW To provide an overview on drug targets and emerging pharmacological treatment options for chronic pain. RECENT FINDINGS Chronic pain poses an enormous socioeconomic burden for the more than 30% of people who suffer from it, costing over $600 billion per year in the USA. In recent years, there has been a surge in preclinical and clinical research endeavors to try to stem this epidemic. Preclinical studies have identified a wide array of potential targets, with some of the most promising translational research being performed on novel opioid receptors, cannabinoid receptors, selective ion channel blockers, cytokine inhibitors, nerve growth factor inhibitors, N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor antagonists, glial cell inhibitors, and bisphosphonates. SUMMARY There are many obstacles for the development of effective medications to treat chronic pain, including the inherent challenges in identifying pathophysiological mechanisms, the overlap and multiplicity of pain pathways, and off-target adverse effects stemming from the ubiquity of drug target receptor sites and the lack of highly selective receptor ligands. Despite these barriers, the number and diversity of potential therapies have continued to grow, to include disease-modifying and individualized drug treatments.
Collapse
|
43
|
Moshourab R, Palada V, Grunwald S, Grieben U, Lewin GR, Spuler S. A Molecular Signature of Myalgia in Myotonic Dystrophy 2. EBioMedicine 2016; 7:205-11. [PMID: 27322473 PMCID: PMC4909324 DOI: 10.1016/j.ebiom.2016.03.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2016] [Revised: 02/26/2016] [Accepted: 03/11/2016] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Chronic muscle pain affects close to 20% of the population and is a major health burden. The underlying mechanisms of muscle pain are difficult to investigate as pain presents in patients with very diverse histories. Treatment options are therefore limited and not tailored to underlying mechanisms. To gain insight into the pathophysiology of myalgia we investigated a homogeneous group of patients suffering from myotonic dystrophy type 2 (DM2), a monogenic disorder presenting with myalgia in at least 50% of affected patients. Methods After IRB approval we performed an observational cross-sectional cohort study and recruited 42 patients with genetically confirmed DM2 plus 20 healthy age and gender matched control subjects. All participants were subjected to an extensive sensory-testing protocol. In addition, RNA sequencing was performed from 12 muscle biopsy specimens obtained from DM2 patients. Findings Clinical sensory testing as well as RNA sequencing clearly separated DM2 myalgic from non-myalgia patients and also from healthy controls. In particular pressure pain thresholds were significantly lowered for all muscles tested in myalgic DM2 patients but were not significantly different between non-myalgic patients and healthy controls. The expression of fourteen muscle expressed genes in myalgic patients was significantly up or down-regulated in myalgic compared to non-myalgic DM2 patients. Interpretation Our data support the idea that molecular changes in the muscles of DM2 patients are associated with muscle pain. Further studies should address whether muscle-specific molecular pathways play a significant role in myalgia in order to facilitate the development of mechanism-based therapeutic strategies to treat musculoskeletal pain. Funding This study was funded by the German Research Society (DFG, GK1631), KAP programme of Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin and Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine. Pressure pain thresholds were reduced in myotonic dystrophy 2 (DM2) and myalgias, but not in DM2 without myalgias RNASeq from skeletal muscle differed significantly in 14 genes between DM2 with myalgias and DM2 without myalgias
Patients with a rare type of muscle dystrophy (myotonic dystrophy type 2) that is caused by a single genetic mutation usually suffer from muscle weakness and wasting but a majority also suffer from chronic muscle pain in their extremities. In our study, we found that these patients are sensitive to pressure stimuli over muscles that are not usually perceived as painful. We also identified several muscle genes that might highlight a molecular link to muscle pain. These findings call for further research to learn how and whether the genetic impairments in muscle contribute to muscle pain.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rabih Moshourab
- Molecular Physiology of Somatic Sensation, Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine, Berlin, Germany; Dept. of Anesthesiology, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Vinko Palada
- Muscle Research Unit, Experimental and Clinical Research Center, a joint cooperation of the Charité University Medicine Berlin and the Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine, Berlin, Germany
| | - Stefanie Grunwald
- Muscle Research Unit, Experimental and Clinical Research Center, a joint cooperation of the Charité University Medicine Berlin and the Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine, Berlin, Germany
| | - Ulrike Grieben
- Muscle Research Unit, Experimental and Clinical Research Center, a joint cooperation of the Charité University Medicine Berlin and the Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine, Berlin, Germany
| | - Gary R Lewin
- Molecular Physiology of Somatic Sensation, Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine, Berlin, Germany.
| | - Simone Spuler
- Muscle Research Unit, Experimental and Clinical Research Center, a joint cooperation of the Charité University Medicine Berlin and the Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine, Berlin, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
44
|
Djouhri L. PG110, A Humanized Anti-NGF Antibody, Reverses Established Pain Hypersensitivity in Persistent Inflammatory Pain, but not Peripheral Neuropathic Pain, Rat Models. PAIN MEDICINE 2016; 17:2082-2094. [PMID: 26917622 DOI: 10.1093/pm/pnw007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Chronic inflammatory and peripheral neuropathic pain (PNP) is a major health problem for which effective drug treatment is lacking. The pathophysiology of these debilitating conditions is incompletely understood, but nerve growth factor (NGF) is believed to play a major role. NGF-antagonism has previously been shown to prevent pain hypersensitivity in rodent models of acute inflammatory pain and PNP, but most of those animal studies did not address the more clinically relevant issue of whether NGF-antagonism provides relief of established chronic pain behavior. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate whether blocking NGF actions with a humanized anti-NGF monoclonal antibody (PG110) would reverse/attenuate established pain hypersensitivity in rat models of chronic/persistent inflammatory pain and PNP. METHODS The complete Freund's adjuvant (CFA) rat model of persistent inflammatory pain, and the L5 spinal nerve axotomy (SNA) model of PNP, were used in the present study. The effect of a single intravenous injection (10, 30, and 300 µg/kg) of an anti-NGF antibody PG110 on heat and mechanical hypersensitivity was assessed 5 and 7 days after CFA and SNA, respectively. RESULTS Compared to vehicle treated group, PG110 dose dependently attenuated established heat and mechanical hypersensitivity induced by CFA, but not that induced by SNA. The anti-allodynic and anti-hyperalgesic effects of PG110 in the CFA model were similar to those of the positive control naproxen (30 mg/kg, i.v.). CONCLUSION These findings suggest that therapies that target NGF or its receptors may be effective for treatment of persistent/chronic inflammatory pain, but probably not PNP.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Laiche Djouhri
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh 11472, KSA
| |
Collapse
|
45
|
Xu XJ, Liu L, Yao SK. Nerve growth factor and diarrhea-predominant irritable bowel syndrome (IBS-D): a potential therapeutic target? J Zhejiang Univ Sci B 2016; 17:1-9. [PMID: 26739521 PMCID: PMC4710835 DOI: 10.1631/jzus.b1500181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2015] [Accepted: 11/07/2015] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is a common functional gastrointestinal disorder characterized by recurrent abdominal pain or discomfort associated with abnormal bowel habits. Diarrhea-predominant IBS (IBS-D) is a major subtype of IBS, the predominant manifestations of which are abdominal pain and diarrhea. The pathogenesis of IBS-D remained unknown until recently. The effects of psychosocial stress, central hypervigilance, neuroendocrine abnormality, disturbed gastrointestinal motility, mucosal immune activation, intestinal barrier dysfunction, visceral hypersensitivity (VH), altered gut flora, and genetic susceptibility may be involved in its development. Recently, increased attention has been placed on the neural-immune-endocrine network mechanism in IBS-D, especially the role of various neuroendocrine mediators. As a member of the neurotrophin family, nerve growth factor (NGF) has diverse biological effects, and participates in the pathogenesis of many diseases. Basic studies have demonstrated that NGF is associated with inflammatory- and stress-related VH, as well as stress-related intestinal barrier dysfunction. The aim of this study is to summarize recent literature and discuss the role of NGF in the pathophysiology of IBS-D, especially in VH and intestinal barrier dysfunction, as well as its potential as a therapeutic target in IBS-D.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-juan Xu
- Gastroenterology Department, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing 100029, China
- Graduate School of Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100073, China
| | - Liang Liu
- Jinan Central Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan 250014, China
| | - Shu-kun Yao
- Gastroenterology Department, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing 100029, China
- Graduate School of Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100073, China
| |
Collapse
|
46
|
Theoharides TC, Tsilioni I, Arbetman L, Panagiotidou S, Stewart JM, Gleason RM, Russell IJ. Fibromyalgia syndrome in need of effective treatments. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 2015; 355:255-63. [PMID: 26306765 DOI: 10.1124/jpet.115.227298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2015] [Accepted: 08/24/2015] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Fibromyalgia syndrome (FMS) is a chronic, idiopathic condition of widespread musculoskeletal pain, affecting primarily women. It is clinically characterized by chronic, nonarticular pain and a heightened response to pressure along with sleep disturbances, fatigue, bowel and bladder abnormalities, and cognitive dysfunction. The diagnostic criteria have changed repeatedly, and there is neither a definitive pathogenesis nor reliable diagnostic or prognostic biomarkers. Clinical and laboratory studies have provided evidence of altered central pain pathways. Recent evidence suggests the involvement of neuroinflammation with stress peptides triggering the release of neurosenzitizing mediators. The management of FMS requires a multidimensional approach including patient education, behavioral therapy, exercise, and pain management. Here we review recent data on the pathogenesis and propose new directions for research and treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Theoharis C Theoharides
- Department of Integrative Physiology and Pathobiology, Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts (T.C.T., I.T., L.A., S.P., J.M.S.); Department of Internal Medicine, Tufts University School of Medicine and Tufts Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts (T.C.T.); Department of Psychiatry, Tufts University School of Medicine and Tufts Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts (T.C.T.); Sackler School of Graduate Biomedical Sciences, Tufts University, Boston, Massachusetts (T.C.T.); National Fibromyalgia and Chronic Pain Association, Logan, Utah (R.M.G.); Fibromyalgia Research and Consulting, Arthritis and Osteoporosis Center of South Texas, San Antonio, Texas (I.J.R.)
| | - Irene Tsilioni
- Department of Integrative Physiology and Pathobiology, Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts (T.C.T., I.T., L.A., S.P., J.M.S.); Department of Internal Medicine, Tufts University School of Medicine and Tufts Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts (T.C.T.); Department of Psychiatry, Tufts University School of Medicine and Tufts Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts (T.C.T.); Sackler School of Graduate Biomedical Sciences, Tufts University, Boston, Massachusetts (T.C.T.); National Fibromyalgia and Chronic Pain Association, Logan, Utah (R.M.G.); Fibromyalgia Research and Consulting, Arthritis and Osteoporosis Center of South Texas, San Antonio, Texas (I.J.R.)
| | - Lauren Arbetman
- Department of Integrative Physiology and Pathobiology, Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts (T.C.T., I.T., L.A., S.P., J.M.S.); Department of Internal Medicine, Tufts University School of Medicine and Tufts Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts (T.C.T.); Department of Psychiatry, Tufts University School of Medicine and Tufts Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts (T.C.T.); Sackler School of Graduate Biomedical Sciences, Tufts University, Boston, Massachusetts (T.C.T.); National Fibromyalgia and Chronic Pain Association, Logan, Utah (R.M.G.); Fibromyalgia Research and Consulting, Arthritis and Osteoporosis Center of South Texas, San Antonio, Texas (I.J.R.)
| | - Smaro Panagiotidou
- Department of Integrative Physiology and Pathobiology, Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts (T.C.T., I.T., L.A., S.P., J.M.S.); Department of Internal Medicine, Tufts University School of Medicine and Tufts Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts (T.C.T.); Department of Psychiatry, Tufts University School of Medicine and Tufts Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts (T.C.T.); Sackler School of Graduate Biomedical Sciences, Tufts University, Boston, Massachusetts (T.C.T.); National Fibromyalgia and Chronic Pain Association, Logan, Utah (R.M.G.); Fibromyalgia Research and Consulting, Arthritis and Osteoporosis Center of South Texas, San Antonio, Texas (I.J.R.)
| | - Julia M Stewart
- Department of Integrative Physiology and Pathobiology, Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts (T.C.T., I.T., L.A., S.P., J.M.S.); Department of Internal Medicine, Tufts University School of Medicine and Tufts Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts (T.C.T.); Department of Psychiatry, Tufts University School of Medicine and Tufts Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts (T.C.T.); Sackler School of Graduate Biomedical Sciences, Tufts University, Boston, Massachusetts (T.C.T.); National Fibromyalgia and Chronic Pain Association, Logan, Utah (R.M.G.); Fibromyalgia Research and Consulting, Arthritis and Osteoporosis Center of South Texas, San Antonio, Texas (I.J.R.)
| | - Rae M Gleason
- Department of Integrative Physiology and Pathobiology, Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts (T.C.T., I.T., L.A., S.P., J.M.S.); Department of Internal Medicine, Tufts University School of Medicine and Tufts Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts (T.C.T.); Department of Psychiatry, Tufts University School of Medicine and Tufts Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts (T.C.T.); Sackler School of Graduate Biomedical Sciences, Tufts University, Boston, Massachusetts (T.C.T.); National Fibromyalgia and Chronic Pain Association, Logan, Utah (R.M.G.); Fibromyalgia Research and Consulting, Arthritis and Osteoporosis Center of South Texas, San Antonio, Texas (I.J.R.)
| | - Irwin J Russell
- Department of Integrative Physiology and Pathobiology, Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts (T.C.T., I.T., L.A., S.P., J.M.S.); Department of Internal Medicine, Tufts University School of Medicine and Tufts Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts (T.C.T.); Department of Psychiatry, Tufts University School of Medicine and Tufts Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts (T.C.T.); Sackler School of Graduate Biomedical Sciences, Tufts University, Boston, Massachusetts (T.C.T.); National Fibromyalgia and Chronic Pain Association, Logan, Utah (R.M.G.); Fibromyalgia Research and Consulting, Arthritis and Osteoporosis Center of South Texas, San Antonio, Texas (I.J.R.)
| |
Collapse
|
47
|
Baddack U, Frahm S, Antolin-Fontes B, Grobe J, Lipp M, Müller G, Ibañez-Tallon I. Suppression of Peripheral Pain by Blockade of Voltage-Gated Calcium 2.2 Channels in Nociceptors Induces RANKL and Impairs Recovery From Inflammatory Arthritis in a Mouse Model. Arthritis Rheumatol 2015; 67:1657-67. [PMID: 25733371 DOI: 10.1002/art.39094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2014] [Accepted: 02/24/2015] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE A hallmark of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is the chronic pain that accompanies inflammation and joint deformation. Patients with RA rate pain relief as the highest priority; however, few studies have addressed the efficacy and safety of therapies directed specifically toward pain pathways. The ω-conotoxin MVIIA (ziconotide) is used in humans to alleviate persistent pain syndromes, because it specifically blocks the voltage-gated calcium 2.2 (CaV 2.2) channel, which mediates the release of neurotransmitters and proinflammatory mediators from peripheral nociceptor nerve terminals. The aims of this study were to investigate whether blockade of CaV 2.2 can suppress arthritis pain, and to examine the progression of induced arthritis during persistent CaV 2.2 blockade. METHODS Transgenic mice expressing a membrane-tethered form of MVIIA under the control of a nociceptor-specific gene (MVIIA-transgenic mice) were used in the experiments. The mice were subjected to unilateral induction of joint inflammation using a combination of antigen and collagen. RESULTS CaV 2.2 blockade mediated by tethered MVIIA effectively suppressed arthritis-induced pain; however, in contrast to their wild-type littermates, which ultimately regained use of their injured joint as inflammation subsided, MVIIA-transgenic mice showed continued inflammation, with up-regulation of the osteoclast activator RANKL and concomitant joint and bone destruction. CONCLUSION Taken together, our results indicate that alleviation of peripheral pain by blockade of CaV 2.2- mediated calcium influx and signaling in nociceptor sensory neurons impairs recovery from induced arthritis and point to the potentially devastating effects of using CaV 2.2 channel blockers as analgesics during inflammation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Uta Baddack
- Max Delbrück Centre for Molecular Medicine, Berlin, Germany, and Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Toulouse, France
| | - Silke Frahm
- Charité-Universitätsmedizin, Berlin, Germany
| | | | - Jenny Grobe
- Max Delbrück Centre for Molecular Medicine, Berlin, Germany
| | - Martin Lipp
- Max Delbrück Centre for Molecular Medicine, Berlin, Germany
| | - Gerd Müller
- Max Delbrück Centre for Molecular Medicine, Berlin, Germany
| | | |
Collapse
|
48
|
Weinkauf B, Deising S, Obreja O, Hoheisel U, Mense S, Schmelz M, Rukwied R. Comparison of nerve growth factor-induced sensitization pattern in lumbar and tibial muscle and fascia. Muscle Nerve 2015; 52:265-72. [PMID: 25521275 DOI: 10.1002/mus.24537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/29/2014] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Nerve growth factor (NGF) induces profound hyperalgesia. In this study we explored patterns of NGF sensitization in muscle and fascia of distal and paraspinal sites. METHODS We injected 1 µg of NGF into human (n = 8) tibialis anterior and erector spinae muscles and their fasciae. The spatial extent of pressure sensitization, pressure pain threshold, and mechanical hyperalgesia (150 kPa, 10 s) was assessed at days 0.25, 1, 3, 7, 14, and 21. Chemical sensitization was explored by acidic buffer injections (pH 4, 100 µl) at days 7 and 14. RESULTS The mechanical hyperalgesia area was larger in tibial fascia than in muscle. Pressure pain thresholds were lower, tonic pressure pain ratings, and citrate buffer evoked pain higher in fascia than in muscle. CONCLUSIONS Spatial mechanical sensitization differs between muscle and fascia. Thoracolumbar fasciae appear more sensitive than tibial fasciae and may be major contributors to low back pain, but the temporal sensitization profile is similar between paraspinal and distal sites. Muscle Nerve 52: 265-272, 2015.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin Weinkauf
- Department of Orthopedics and Traumatology, University Medical Center Mannheim, Mannheim, Germany.,Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Theodor-Kutzer-Ufer 1-3, 68167, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Saskia Deising
- Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Theodor-Kutzer-Ufer 1-3, 68167, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Otilia Obreja
- Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Theodor-Kutzer-Ufer 1-3, 68167, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Ulrich Hoheisel
- Department of Neurophysiology, Centre for Biomedicine and Medical Technology Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Siegfried Mense
- Department of Neurophysiology, Centre for Biomedicine and Medical Technology Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Martin Schmelz
- Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Theodor-Kutzer-Ufer 1-3, 68167, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Roman Rukwied
- Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Theodor-Kutzer-Ufer 1-3, 68167, Mannheim, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
49
|
Hsieh YL, Fan YC, Yang CC. Low-level laser therapy alleviates mechanical and cold allodynia induced by oxaliplatin administration in rats. Support Care Cancer 2015; 24:233-242. [DOI: 10.1007/s00520-015-2773-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2014] [Accepted: 05/12/2015] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
|
50
|
Hsu E, Murphy S, Chang D, Cohen SP. Expert opinion on emerging drugs: chronic low back pain. Expert Opin Emerg Drugs 2014; 20:103-27. [DOI: 10.1517/14728214.2015.993379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
|