1
|
Moran BM, Payne C, Langdon Q, Powell DL, Brandvain Y, Schumer M. The genomic consequences of hybridization. eLife 2021; 10:e69016. [PMID: 34346866 PMCID: PMC8337078 DOI: 10.7554/elife.69016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2021] [Accepted: 07/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
In the past decade, advances in genome sequencing have allowed researchers to uncover the history of hybridization in diverse groups of species, including our own. Although the field has made impressive progress in documenting the extent of natural hybridization, both historical and recent, there are still many unanswered questions about its genetic and evolutionary consequences. Recent work has suggested that the outcomes of hybridization in the genome may be in part predictable, but many open questions about the nature of selection on hybrids and the biological variables that shape such selection have hampered progress in this area. We synthesize what is known about the mechanisms that drive changes in ancestry in the genome after hybridization, highlight major unresolved questions, and discuss their implications for the predictability of genome evolution after hybridization.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin M Moran
- Department of Biology, Stanford UniversityStanfordUnited States
- Centro de Investigaciones Científicas de las Huastecas “Aguazarca”HidalgoMexico
| | - Cheyenne Payne
- Department of Biology, Stanford UniversityStanfordUnited States
- Centro de Investigaciones Científicas de las Huastecas “Aguazarca”HidalgoMexico
| | - Quinn Langdon
- Department of Biology, Stanford UniversityStanfordUnited States
| | - Daniel L Powell
- Department of Biology, Stanford UniversityStanfordUnited States
- Centro de Investigaciones Científicas de las Huastecas “Aguazarca”HidalgoMexico
| | - Yaniv Brandvain
- Department of Ecology, Evolution & Behavior and Plant and Microbial Biology, University of MinnesotaMinneapolisUnited States
| | - Molly Schumer
- Department of Biology, Stanford UniversityStanfordUnited States
- Centro de Investigaciones Científicas de las Huastecas “Aguazarca”HidalgoMexico
- Hanna H. Gray Fellow, Howard Hughes Medical InstituteStanfordUnited States
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Laukaitis CM, Critser ES, Karn RC. SALIVARY ANDROGEN-BINDING PROTEIN (ABP) MEDIATES SEXUAL ISOLATION IN MUS MUSCULUS. Evolution 2017; 51:2000-2005. [PMID: 28565121 DOI: 10.1111/j.1558-5646.1997.tb05121.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/1996] [Accepted: 07/18/1997] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
We wanted to determine whether the microevolution of the mouse salivary androgen-binding protein (ABP) Alpha subunit gene (Abpa) could mediate sexual selection and thereby have a potential role in maintaining gene pool integrity where radiating mouse subspecies make secondary contact. This hypothesis is based upon previous work in this laboratory, which has shown that each subspecies apparently has its own allele and that these alleles have a 25-fold excess of nonsynonymous/synonymous base substitutions compared to an average protein under purifying selection. We provide direct evidence for ABP-assortative mate selection in a laboratory setting: Mus musculus domesticus and M. m. musculus female mice recognize and discriminate between the territories of male mice that essentially differ solely in their Abpa genotype and, when the males are present, the female prefers to mate with the one of her own ABP type. The observation that females could differentiate between the territories of the two males when those mice were absent suggests that the males marked their territories with ABP. In this study, we also detected ABP on the pelts of male mice and in their environment. It is likely that the animals apply the protein to their pelts by licking and that it is then deposited in their surroundings. We suggest that females of the two subspecies are able to discriminate between males of those subspecies on the basis of this protein molecule. Mouse salivary ABP might present a worthwhile system with which to study a prezygotic isolation mechanism in a mammal.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Elizabeth S Critser
- Cryobiology Research Institute at Methodist Hospital of Indiana, Indianapolis, Indiana, 46202
| | - Robert C Karn
- Department of Biological Sciences, Butler University, Indianapolis, Indiana, 46208
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Tucker PK, Sage RD, Warner J, Wilson AC, Eicher EM. ABRUPT CLINE FOR SEX CHROMOSOMES IN A HYBRID ZONE BETWEEN TWO SPECIES OF MICE. Evolution 2017; 46:1146-1163. [PMID: 28564395 DOI: 10.1111/j.1558-5646.1992.tb00625.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 120] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/1990] [Accepted: 02/04/1992] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
We compared the patterns of movement of sex chromosomal and autosomal loci along a 160 km transect across a zone of hybridization between M. domesticus and M. musculus in southern Germany and western Austria using seven genetic markers. These included one Y-specific DNA sequence (YB10), two X-specific loci (DXWas68 and DXWas31), and four autosomal isozyme loci (Es-10, Es-1, Mpi-1, and Np-1). Random effects logistic regression analysis enabled us to examine the relationship between M. domesticus allele frequency and geographic distance from the western edge of the hybrid zone and allowed statistical evaluation of differences in cline midpoint and width among loci. More limited movement was observed for all three sex chromosomal markers across the zone compared with three of the four autosomal markers. If differential movement reflects fitness differences of specific alleles (or alleles at closely linked loci) on a hybrid background, then alleles that move to a limited extent across a hybrid zone may contribute to hybrid breakdown between two species. The limited flow of both X- and Y-specific alleles suggest that sex chromosomes have played an important role in Mus speciation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Priscilla K Tucker
- The Jackson Laboratory, Bar Harbor, ME, 04609, USA
- Department of Biology and Museum of Zoology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
| | - Richard D Sage
- Division of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of California, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA
- Museum of Vertebrate Zoology, University of California, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA
| | - John Warner
- Center for Statistical Consultation and Research, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
| | - Allan C Wilson
- Division of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of California, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA
| | - Eva M Eicher
- The Jackson Laboratory, Bar Harbor, ME, 04609, USA
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Turner LM, Harr B. Genome-wide mapping in a house mouse hybrid zone reveals hybrid sterility loci and Dobzhansky-Muller interactions. eLife 2014; 3. [PMID: 25487987 PMCID: PMC4359376 DOI: 10.7554/elife.02504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2014] [Accepted: 10/23/2014] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Mapping hybrid defects in contact zones between incipient species can identify genomic regions contributing to reproductive isolation and reveal genetic mechanisms of speciation. The house mouse features a rare combination of sophisticated genetic tools and natural hybrid zones between subspecies. Male hybrids often show reduced fertility, a common reproductive barrier between incipient species. Laboratory crosses have identified sterility loci, but each encompasses hundreds of genes. We map genetic determinants of testis weight and testis gene expression using offspring of mice captured in a hybrid zone between M. musculus musculus and M. m. domesticus. Many generations of admixture enables high-resolution mapping of loci contributing to these sterility-related phenotypes. We identify complex interactions among sterility loci, suggesting multiple, non-independent genetic incompatibilities contribute to barriers to gene flow in the hybrid zone.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Leslie M Turner
- Department of Evolutionary Genetics, Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Biology, Plön, Germany
| | - Bettina Harr
- Department of Evolutionary Genetics, Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Biology, Plön, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Mauldin MR, Haynie ML, Hanson JD, Baker RJ, Bradley RD. Multilocus Characterization of a Woodrat (Genus Neotoma) Hybrid Zone. J Hered 2014; 105:466-476. [PMID: 24737782 DOI: 10.1093/jhered/esu022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2013] [Accepted: 03/18/2014] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
In order to investigate hybridization between 2 species of woodrats, Neotoma floridana and Neotoma micropus, 103 specimens were collected, in March of 1988, from a known area of sympatry, and compared with reference collections from areas of allopatry. Ten genetic markers, consisting of 7 microsatellite loci, 1 mitochondrial gene (cytochrome-b [Cytb]), and 2 nuclear introns (intron 2 of the vertebrate alcohol dehydrogenase gene [Adh1-I2] and intron 7 of the beta-fibrinogen gene [Fgb-I7]) were used to develop a composite genotype for each individual and for detection of hybridization. Six individuals were identified as pure parental N. micropus, 96 as hybrids, and 1 as pure parental N. floridana Hybrids were formed primarily through matings between complex genotypes, resulting in a high prevalence of individuals classified as backcrosses. The ratio of hybrid classes, population substructure, and presence of significant linkage disequilibrium within the zone of contact could not reject either the hybrid superiority or hybrid equilibrium model as responsible for maintenance of this hybrid zone. The collection date of this dataset (1988) provided not only a point in time assessment of the hybrid zone but also provided opportunities for future comparisons of temporal datasets with the purpose of examining hybrid zone characteristics over multiple generations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Matthew R Mauldin
- From the Department of Biological Sciences, Texas Tech University, 2901 Main, Lubbock, TX 79409-3131 (Mauldin, Baker, and Bradley); the Department of Biology, University of Central Oklahoma, Edmond, OK (Haynie); the Research and Testing Laboratory of the South Plains, Lubbock, TX (Hanson); and the Museum of Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX (Baker and Bradley).
| | - Michelle L Haynie
- From the Department of Biological Sciences, Texas Tech University, 2901 Main, Lubbock, TX 79409-3131 (Mauldin, Baker, and Bradley); the Department of Biology, University of Central Oklahoma, Edmond, OK (Haynie); the Research and Testing Laboratory of the South Plains, Lubbock, TX (Hanson); and the Museum of Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX (Baker and Bradley)
| | - J Delton Hanson
- From the Department of Biological Sciences, Texas Tech University, 2901 Main, Lubbock, TX 79409-3131 (Mauldin, Baker, and Bradley); the Department of Biology, University of Central Oklahoma, Edmond, OK (Haynie); the Research and Testing Laboratory of the South Plains, Lubbock, TX (Hanson); and the Museum of Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX (Baker and Bradley)
| | - Robert J Baker
- From the Department of Biological Sciences, Texas Tech University, 2901 Main, Lubbock, TX 79409-3131 (Mauldin, Baker, and Bradley); the Department of Biology, University of Central Oklahoma, Edmond, OK (Haynie); the Research and Testing Laboratory of the South Plains, Lubbock, TX (Hanson); and the Museum of Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX (Baker and Bradley)
| | - Robert D Bradley
- From the Department of Biological Sciences, Texas Tech University, 2901 Main, Lubbock, TX 79409-3131 (Mauldin, Baker, and Bradley); the Department of Biology, University of Central Oklahoma, Edmond, OK (Haynie); the Research and Testing Laboratory of the South Plains, Lubbock, TX (Hanson); and the Museum of Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX (Baker and Bradley)
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Ďureje Ľ, Macholán M, Baird SJE, Piálek J. The mouse hybrid zone in Central Europe: from morphology to molecules. FOLIA ZOOLOGICA 2012. [DOI: 10.25225/fozo.v61.i3.a13.2012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ľudovít Ďureje
- Institute of Vertebrate Biology, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, v.v.i., Květná 8, 603 65 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Miloš Macholán
- Laboratory of Mammalian Evolutionary Genetics, Institute of Animal Physiology and Genetics, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, v.v.i., Veveří 97, 602 00 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Stuart J. E. Baird
- Institute of Vertebrate Biology, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, v.v.i., Květná 8, 603 65 Brno, Czech Republic
- CIBIO, University of Porto, Campus Agrário de Vairão, Vairão, Portugal
| | - Jaroslav Piálek
- Institute of Vertebrate Biology, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, v.v.i., Květná 8, 603 65 Brno, Czech Republic
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Baird SJE, Ribas A, Macholán M, Albrecht T, Piálek J, Goüy de Bellocq J. Where are the wormy mice? A reexamination of hybrid parasitism in the European house mouse hybrid zone. Evolution 2012; 66:2757-72. [PMID: 22946801 DOI: 10.1111/j.1558-5646.2012.01633.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
Wormy mice in a hybrid zone have been interpreted as evidence of low hybrid fitness, such that parasites contribute to species separation. However, because of its natural heterogeneity, observations of parasite load must be numerous with good field area coverage. We sampled 689 mice from 107 localities across the Bavaria-Bohemia region of the European house mouse hybrid zone and calculated their hybrid indices using 1401 diagnostic single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs). We tested whether hybrids have greater or lesser diversity and load of parasite helminths than additive expectations, performing load analyses on the four most common taxa. We found hybrids have significantly reduced diversity and load of each of the commonest helminths; rarer helminths further support reduced load. Although within-locality comparisons have little power, randomization tests show the repeated pattern is unlikely to be due to local parasite heterogeneity, and simulations show a patch of low parasite diversity is unlikely to fall by chance just so in the field area, such that it produces the observed effects. Our data therefore contradict the idea that helminths reduce hybrid fitness through increased load. We discuss a vicariant Red Queen model that implies immune genes tracking parasites will escape Dobzhansky-Muller incompatibilities, generating hybrid variants untargeted by parasites.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Stuart J E Baird
- Department of Population Biology, Institute of Vertebrate Biology, ASCR, Brno and Studenec, Czech Republic CIBIO, Centro de Investigação em Biodiversidade e Recursos Genéticos, Campus Agrário de Vairão, Vairão, Portugal
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
8
|
Turner LM, Schwahn DJ, Harr B. REDUCED MALE FERTILITY IS COMMON BUT HIGHLY VARIABLE IN FORM AND SEVERITY IN A NATURAL HOUSE MOUSE HYBRID ZONE. Evolution 2011; 66:443-58. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1558-5646.2011.01445.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 103] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
|
9
|
Nishimura N, Heins DC, Andersen RO, Barber I, Cresko WA. Distinct lineages of Schistocephalus parasites in threespine and ninespine stickleback hosts revealed by DNA sequence analysis. PLoS One 2011; 6:e22505. [PMID: 21811623 PMCID: PMC3139657 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0022505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2011] [Accepted: 06/22/2011] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
Parasitic interactions are often part of complex networks of interspecific relationships that have evolved in biological communities. Despite many years of work on the evolution of parasitism, the likelihood that sister taxa of parasites can co-evolve with their hosts to specifically infect two related lineages, even when those hosts occur sympatrically, is still unclear. Furthermore, when these specific interactions occur, the molecular and physiological basis of this specificity is still largely unknown. The presence of these specific parasitic relationships can now be tested using molecular markers such as DNA sequence variation. Here we test for specific parasitic relationships in an emerging host-parasite model, the stickleback-Schistocephalus system. Threespine and ninespine stickleback fish are intermediate hosts for Schistocephalus cestode parasites that are phenotypically very similar and have nearly identical life cycles through plankton, stickleback, and avian hosts. We analyzed over 2000 base pairs of COX1 and NADH1 mitochondrial DNA sequences in 48 Schistocephalus individuals collected from threespine and ninespine stickleback hosts from disparate geographic regions distributed across the Northern Hemisphere. Our data strongly support the presence of two distinct clades of Schistocephalus, each of which exclusively infects either threespine or ninespine stickleback. These clades most likely represent different species that diverged soon after the speciation of their stickleback hosts. In addition, genetic structuring exists among Schistocephalus taken from threespine stickleback hosts from Alaska, Oregon and Wales, although it is much less than the divergence between hosts. Our findings emphasize that biological communities may be even more complex than they first appear, and beg the question of what are the ecological, physiological, and genetic factors that maintain the specificity of the Schistocephalus parasites and their stickleback hosts.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nicole Nishimura
- Institute of Ecology and Evolution, University of Oregon, Eugene, Oregon, United States of America
| | - David C. Heins
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Tulane University, New Orleans, Louisiana, United States of America
| | - Ryan O. Andersen
- Institute of Neuroscience, University of Oregon, Eugene, Oregon, United States of America
| | - Iain Barber
- Department of Biology, College of Medicine, Biological Sciences and Psychology, University of Leicester, Leicester, United Kingdom
| | - William A. Cresko
- Institute of Ecology and Evolution, University of Oregon, Eugene, Oregon, United States of America
- * E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Evolutionary and functional properties of a two-locus beta-globin polymorphism in Indian house mice. Genetics 2010; 184:1121-31. [PMID: 20100937 DOI: 10.1534/genetics.109.113506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Electrophoretic surveys of hemoglobin (Hb) polymorphism in house mice from South Asia and the Middle East have revealed that two alternative beta-globin haplotypes, Hbb(d) and Hbb(p), are often present at intermediate frequencies in geographically disparate populations. Both haplotypes harbor two functionally distinct beta-globin paralogs, HBB-T1 (which encodes the beta-chain subunits of the major Hb isoform) and HBB-T2 (which encodes the beta-chains of the minor Hb isoform). The Hbb(d) and Hbb(p) haplotypes share identical HBB-T1 alleles, but products of the alternative HBB-T2 alleles (d(minor) and p(minor)) are distinguished by two amino acid substitutions. To investigate the possible adaptive significance of the Hbb(d)/Hbb(p) polymorphism we conducted a population genetic analysis of the duplicated beta-globin genes of Indian house mice (Mus castaneus) in conjunction with experimental studies of Hb function in inbred strains of mice that carry the alternative Hbb(d) and Hbb(p) haplotypes. The main objectives of this study were (i) to characterize patterns of nucleotide polymorphism and linkage disequilibrium in the duplicated beta-globin genes of M. castaneus, (ii) to test the hypothesis that the Hbb(d) and Hbb(p) haplotypes are maintained as a balanced polymorphism, and (iii) to assess whether allelic differences in the alternative minor Hb isoforms (d(minor) and p(minor)) are associated with different O(2)-binding properties. A multilocus analysis of polymorphism and divergence revealed that levels of diversity at the HBB-T2 gene exceeded neutral expectations, and reconstructed haplotype networks for both beta-globin paralogs revealed extensive allele sharing with several other closely related species of Mus. However, despite this suggestive evidence for balancing selection, O(2)-equilibrium curves revealed no discernible functional differences between red cell lysates containing the d(minor) and p(minor) Hb isoforms. If the d(minor) and p(minor) alleles are maintained as a balanced polymorphism, our results indicate that the associated fitness variance is not directly related to respiratory functions of Hb.
Collapse
|
11
|
Liu YH, Takahashi A, Kitano T, Koide T, Shiroishi T, Moriwaki K, Saitou N. Mosaic genealogy of the Mus musculus genome revealed by 21 nuclear genes from its three subspecies. Genes Genet Syst 2008; 83:77-88. [PMID: 18379136 DOI: 10.1266/ggs.83.77] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Patterns of genetic variation provide insight into the evolutionary history of a species. Mouse (Mus musculus) is a good model for this purpose. Here we present the analysis of genealogies of the 21 nuclear loci and one mitochondrial DNA region in M. musculus based on our nucleotide sequences of nine inbred strains from three M. musculus subspecies (musculus, domesticus, and castaneus) and one M. spicilegus strain as an outgroup. The mitochondrial DNA gene genealogy of those strains confirmed the introgression pattern of one musculus strain. When all the nuclear DNA data were concatenated to produce a phylogenetic tree of nine strains, musculus and domesticus strains formed monophyletic clusters with each other, while the two castaneus strains were paraphyletic. When each DNA region was treated independently, the phylogenetic networks revealed an unnegligibly high level of subspecies admixture and the mosaic nature of their genome. Estimation of ancestral and derived population sizes and migration rates suggests the effects of ancestral polymorphism and gene flow on the pattern of genetic variation of the current subspecies. Gene genealogies of Fut4 and Dfy loci also suggested existence of the gene flow between M. musculus and M. spicilegus or other distant species.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Hua Liu
- Division of Population Genetics, National Institute of Genetics, Mishima, Japan
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
12
|
Teeter KC, Payseur BA, Harris LW, Bakewell MA, Thibodeau LM, O'Brien JE, Krenz JG, Sans-Fuentes MA, Nachman MW, Tucker PK. Genome-wide patterns of gene flow across a house mouse hybrid zone. Genome Res 2007; 18:67-76. [PMID: 18025268 DOI: 10.1101/gr.6757907] [Citation(s) in RCA: 184] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Hybrid zones between closely related species or subspecies provide useful settings for studying the genetic architecture of speciation. Using markers distributed throughout the mouse genome, we use a hybrid zone between two recently diverged species of house mice (Mus musculus and Mus domesticus) as a natural mapping experiment to identify genomic regions that may be involved in reproductive isolation. Using cline analysis we document a nearly 50-fold variation in level of introgression among markers. Some markers have extremely narrow cline widths; these genomic regions may contribute to reproductive isolation. Biological processes associated with these narrow clines include physiological and immune responses to the environment as well as physiological and behavioral aspects of reproduction. Other autosomal markers exhibit asymmetrically broad clines, usually with high frequencies of M. domesticus alleles on the M. musculus side of the hybrid zone. These markers identify genome regions likely housing genes with alleles that are spreading from one species to the other. Biological processes associated with these wide clines include cell signaling, olfaction, and pheromone response. These processes play important roles in survival and reproduction, and associated genes are likely targets of selection. Patterns of linkage disequilibrium in the center of the hybrid zone suggest that isolation may be caused by multiple epistatic interactions between sets of genes. These data highlight the complex genetic architecture underlying speciation even at early stages of divergence and point to some of the biological processes that may govern this architecture.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Katherine C Teeter
- Museum of Zoology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109-1079, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
13
|
Macholán M, Munclinger P, Sugerková M, Dufková P, Bímová B, Bozíková E, Zima J, Piálek J. Genetic analysis of autosomal and X-linked markers across a mouse hybrid zone. Evolution 2007; 61:746-71. [PMID: 17439609 DOI: 10.1111/j.1558-5646.2007.00065.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 169] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
In this paper, we present results of the first comprehensive study of the introgression of both autosomal and sex-chromosome markers across the central European portion of the hybrid zone between two house mouse subspecies, Mus musculus musculus and M. m. domesticus. More than 1800 individuals sampled from 105 sites were analyzed with a set of allozyme loci (hopefully representing neutral or nearly neutral markers) and X-linked loci (which are assumed to be under selection). The zone center is best modeled as a single straight line independent of fine-scale local geographic or climatic conditions, being maintained by a balance between dispersal and selection against hybrids. The width (w) of the multilocus autosomal cline was estimated as 9.6 km whereas the estimate for the compound X-chromosome cline was about 4.6 km only. As the former estimate is comparable to that of the Danish portion of the zone (assumed to be much younger than the central European one), zone width does not appear to be related to its age. The strength (B) of the central barrier was estimated as about 20 km; with dispersal (sigma) of about 1 km/gen(1/2), this means effective selection (s*) is approximately 0.06-0.09 for autosomal loci and about 0.25 for X-linked loci. The number of loci under selection was estimated as N= 56-99 for autosomes and about 380 for X-linked loci. Finally, we highlight some potential pitfalls in hybrid zone analyses and in comparisons of different transects. We suggest that conclusions about parts of the mouse genome involved in reproductive isolation and speciation should be drawn with caution and that analytical approaches always providing some estimates should not be used without due care regarding the support or confidence of such estimates, especially if conclusions are based on the difference between these estimates. Finally, we recommend that analysis in two-dimensional space, dense sampling, and rigorous treatment of data, including inspection of likelihood profiles, are essential for hybrid zone studies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Milos Macholán
- Laboratory of Mammalian Evolutionary Genetics, Institute of Animal Physiology and Genetics, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, 60200 Brno, Czech Republic.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
14
|
Storz JF, Baze M, Waite JL, Hoffmann FG, Opazo JC, Hayes JP. Complex signatures of selection and gene conversion in the duplicated globin genes of house mice. Genetics 2007; 177:481-500. [PMID: 17660536 PMCID: PMC2013706 DOI: 10.1534/genetics.107.078550] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Results of electrophoretic surveys have suggested that hemoglobin polymorphism may be maintained by balancing selection in natural populations of house mice, Mus musculus. Here we report a survey of nucleotide variation in the adult globin genes of house mice from South America. We surveyed nucleotide polymorphism in two closely linked alpha-globin paralogs and two closely linked beta-globin paralogs to test whether patterns of variation are consistent with a model of long-term balancing selection. Surprisingly high levels of nucleotide polymorphism at the two beta-globin paralogs were attributable to the segregation of two highly divergent haplotypes, Hbbs (which carries two identical beta-globin paralogs) and Hbbd (which carries two functionally divergent beta-globin paralogs). Interparalog gene conversion on the Hbbs haplotype has produced a highly unusual situation in which the two paralogs are more similar to one another than either one is to its allelic counterpart on the Hbbd haplotype. Levels of nucleotide polymorphism and linkage disequilibrium at the two beta-globin paralogs suggest a complex history of diversity-enhancing selection that may be responsible for long-term maintenance of alternative protein alleles. The alternative two-locus beta-globin haplotypes are associated with pronounced differences in intraerythrocyte glutathione and nitric oxide metabolism, suggesting a possible mechanism for selection on hemoglobin function.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jay F Storz
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Nebraska, Lincoln, Nebraska 68588, USA.
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
15
|
DOD BARBARA, SMADJA CAROLE, KARN ROBERTC, BOURSOT PIERRE. Testing for selection on the androgen-binding protein in the Danish mouse hybrid zone. Biol J Linn Soc Lond 2005. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1095-8312.2005.00446.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
|
16
|
RAUFASTE NATHALIE, ORTH ANNIE, BELKHIR KHALID, SENET DAVID, SMADJA CAROLE, BAIRD STUARTJE, BONHOMME FRANÇOIS, DOD BARBARA, BOURSOT PIERRE. Inferences of selection and migration in the Danish house mouse hybrid zone. Biol J Linn Soc Lond 2005. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1095-8312.2005.00457.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 94] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
|
17
|
Moulia C, Le Brun N, Renaud F. Mouse-parasite interactions: from gene to population. ADVANCES IN PARASITOLOGY 1996; 38:119-67. [PMID: 8701795 DOI: 10.1016/s0065-308x(08)60034-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- C Moulia
- Laboratoire de Parasitologie Comparée, URA CNRS 698, Université Montpellier II, France
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
18
|
Turker MS, Cooper GE, Bishop PL. Region-specific rates of molecular evolution: a fourfold reduction in the rate of accumulation of "silent" mutations in transcribed versus nontranscribed regions of homologous DNA fragments derived from two closely related mouse species. J Mol Evol 1993; 36:31-40. [PMID: 8433377 DOI: 10.1007/bf02407304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
We have sequenced homologous DNA fragments of 2.7 and 2.8 kbp derived from the closely related mouse species Mus musculus domesticus (M. domesticus) and Mus musculus musculus (M. musculus), respectively. These two species diverged approximately 1 million years ago. Each DNA fragment contains 1.35 kbp of the 3' end of the constitutively expressed 2.2-kbp aprt (adenine phosphoribosyltransferase) gene and a similarly sized nontranscribed region downstream of the aprt gene. The aprt gene region contains protein coding sequences (0.35 kbp), intronic sequences (0.75 kbp), and a 3' nontranslated sequence (0.25 kbp). Both the M. domesticus and M. musculus downstream regions share three partial copies of the B1 repetitive element with the M. musculus downstream region containing an additional complete copy of this element. A comparison of the 2.7- and 2.8-kbp DNA fragments revealed a total of 63 molecular alterations (i.e., mutations) that were approximately fourfold more abundant in the nontranscribed downstream region than in the transcribed aprt gene. Of the 11 mutations observed in the transcribed region, 7 were found in introns, 3 in the 3' untranslated sequence, and 1 was a synonymous change in an exon. A comparison of the human and M. domesticus aprt genes has previously revealed no homology in either the intronic or 3' nontranslated regions with the exception of a 26-bp sequence in intron 3 and sequences at the exon/intron boundaries necessary for correct mRNA splicing (Broderick et al., Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA, 84:3349, 1987). Therefore, there does not appear to be selective pressure for sequences within these regions. We conclude that there is a lower rate of accumulation of "silent" mutations in the transcribed mouse aprt gene than in a contiguous nontranscribed downstream region. A possible molecular mechanism involving preferential DNA repair for the transcribed region is discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M S Turker
- Department of Pathology, University of Kentucky College of Medicine, Lexington 40536
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
19
|
Tucker PK, Lee BK, Lundrigan BL, Eicher EM. Geographic origin of the Y Chromosomes in ?old? inbred strains of mice. Mamm Genome 1992; 3:254-61. [PMID: 1353382 DOI: 10.1007/bf00292153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Six distinct Y Chromosomes (Chr) were identified among 39 standard inbred strains of mice with five probes that identified Y Chr-specific restriction fragments on Southern blots. Three Y Chr types, distributed among 31 strains, were of Asian Mus musculus origin. The remaining three Y Chr types, distributed among eight strains, were of M. domesticus origin. The Asian source of the M. musculus Y Chr was confirmed by determining the DNA sequence of 221 bp from an open reading frame within the Sry (sex determining region Y) gene (Gubbay et al., Nature 346: 245-250, 1990) in three inbred strains (C57BL/6J, AKR/J, and SWR/J) and comparing the sequence to the homologous sequences derived from wild caught European and Asian M. musculus males. These data indicate that a minimum of six male mice contributed to the formation of the old inbred strains.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- P K Tucker
- Jackson Laboratory, Bar Harbor, Maine 04609
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
20
|
Hamilton WD, Axelrod R, Tanese R. Sexual reproduction as an adaptation to resist parasites (a review). Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 1990; 87:3566-73. [PMID: 2185476 PMCID: PMC53943 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.87.9.3566] [Citation(s) in RCA: 770] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Darwinian theory has yet to explain adequately the fact of sex. If males provide little or no aid to offspring, a high (up to 2-fold) extra average fitness has to emerge as a property of a sexual parentage if sex is to be stable. The advantage must presumably come from recombination but has been hard to identify. It may well lie in the necessity to recombine defenses to defeat numerous parasites. A model demonstrating this works best for contesting hosts whose defense polymorphisms are constrained to low mutation rates. A review of the literature shows that the predictions of parasite coevolution fit well with the known ecology of sex. Moreover, parasite coevolution is superior to previous models of the evolution of sex by supporting the stability of sex under the following challenging conditions: very low fecundity, realistic patterns of genotype fitness and changing environment, and frequent mutation to parthenogenesis, even while sex pays the full 2-fold cost.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- W D Hamilton
- Department of Zoology, Oxford University, United Kingdom
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
21
|
Boursot P, Bonhomme F, Catalan J, Moriwaki K. Variations of a Y chromosome repeated sequence across subspecies of Mus musculus. Heredity (Edinb) 1989; 63 ( Pt 3):289-97. [PMID: 2575606 DOI: 10.1038/hdy.1989.101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The complex species Mus musculus is widespread in Eurasia and consists of four parapatric genetical entities (subspecies) that have recently radiated. Two of them (M. m. domesticus and M. m. musculus) are known to interact through a narrow zone of hybridisation across which autosomal and mitochondrial exchanges are very limited and Y chromosome exchange is absent. We extend here the study of this group by the genetical analysis of 22 Asian strains of various origins (China, Korea, Japan, Taiwan, Philippines and Indonesia). A survey of protein variation at ten polymorphic loci confirmed that these animals belong to either the subspecies M. m. musculus (northern type in Asia, ranging westwards to Eastern Europe) or to M. m. castaneus (southern Asian type) and revealed a certain degree of intergradation between the two taxa. Y chromosome variations were assessed in these strains using a Y specific DNA probe representing part of a small multigene family and also in four M. m. domesticus (the Western European house mouse) strains of various origins and one M. m. bactrianus (from Pakistan). Musculus and castaneus were identically monomorphic for one type of organisation of this Y repeated family, while domesticus and bactrianus were very similar to each other, showing slightly different types of organisation. Introgression of a bactrianus Y chromosome into the territory of castaneus was found in Indonesia. The present distribution of the Y types among the four subspecies is not phylogenetically concordant with the known distributions of autosomal and mitochondrial variants.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- P Boursot
- Institut des Sciences de l'Evolution (C.N.R.S., UA 327), Universitè Montpellier II, France
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
22
|
Tutter A, Riblet R. Evolution of the immunoglobulin heavy chain variable region (Igh-V) locus in the genus Mus. Immunogenetics 1989; 30:315-29. [PMID: 2509340 DOI: 10.1007/bf02425271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
The evolution of the mouse immunoglobulin heavy chain variable region (Igh-V) locus was investigated by the comprehensive analysis of variable region (Vh) gene family content and restriction fragment polymorphism in the genus Mus. The examination of natural Mus domesticus populations suggests an important role for recombination in the generation of the considerable restriction fragment polymorphism found at the Igh-V locus. Although the sizes of individual Vh gene families vary widely both within and between different Mus species, evolutionary trends of Vh gene family copy number are revealed by the analysis of homologues of mouse Vh gene families in Rattus and Peromyscus. Processes of duplication, deletion, and sequence divergence all contribute to the evolution of Vh gene copy number. Certain Vh gene families have expanded or contracted differently in the various muroid lineages examined. Collectively, these findings suggest that the evolution of individual Vh family size is not driven by strong selective pressure but is relatively neutral, and that gene flow, rather than selection, serves to maintain the high level of restriction fragment polymorphism seen in M. domesticus.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- A Tutter
- Medical Biology Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037
| | | |
Collapse
|
23
|
Popp RA, Comer KA, Cobb RR, Whitney JB. A unique alpha chain in hemoglobin of "Skive" Danish Mus musculus. Biochem Genet 1988; 26:1-8. [PMID: 3377753 DOI: 10.1007/bf00555484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
The primary structures of the alpha chains in hemoglobins from three stocks of mice with the Hbaw2, Hbaw3, and Hbaw4 haplotypes were determined to establish whether the tentative alpha-chain assignments based on the results of isoelectric focusing patterns were correct. These Hba haplotypes were identified in laboratory descendants of feral mice captured in different parts of the world. Hemoglobin from "Centreville", Maryland, Mus musculus domesticus (Hbaw2) contains equal amounts of alpha chains 1 and 3. Hemoglobin from "Czech" Mus musculus musculus (Hbaw4) contains equal amounts of alpha chains 3 and 4. Amino acid analysis of the alpha-globins of "Skive" Danish Mus musculus musculus (Hbaw3) establishes that its hemoglobin is comprised of about one-third alpha chain 2 as expected plus a greater amount of a unique alpha chain that has not been described previously. This unique alpha chain has glycine at position 25, isoleucine at position 62, and serine at position 68; it is called chain 7. It may represent an intermediate in the evolution of genes that code for chain 2 (which has glycine, valine, and serine at positions 25, 62, and 68, respectively) and chain 4 (which has valine, isoleucine, and serine at positions 25, 62, and 62, respectively).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- R A Popp
- Biology Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Tennessee 37831
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
24
|
Kozak CA, O'Neill RR. Diverse wild mouse origins of xenotropic, mink cell focus-forming, and two types of ecotropic proviral genes. J Virol 1987; 61:3082-8. [PMID: 3041030 PMCID: PMC255883 DOI: 10.1128/jvi.61.10.3082-3088.1987] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
We analyzed wild mouse DNAs for the number and type of proviral genes related to the env sequences of various murine leukemia viruses (MuLVs). Only Mus species closely related to laboratory mice carried these retroviral sequences, and the different subclasses of viral env genes tended to be restricted to specific taxonomic groups. Only Mus musculus molossinus carried proviral genes which cross-reacted with the inbred mouse ecotropic MuLV env gene. The ecotropic viral env sequence associated with the Fv-4 resistance gene was found in the Asian mice M. musculus molossinus and Mus musculus castaneus and in California mice from Lake Casitas (LC). Both M. musculus castaneus and LC mice carried many additional Fv-4 env-related proviruses, two of which are common to both mouse populations, which suggests that these mice share a recent common ancestry. Xenotropic and mink cell focus-forming (MCF) virus env sequences were more widely dispersed in wild mice than the ecotropic viral env genes, which suggests that nonecotropic MuLVs were integrated into the Mus germ line at an earlier date. Xenotropic MuLVs represented the major component of MuLV env-reactive genes in Asian and eastern European mice classified as M. musculus molossinus, M. musculus castaneus, and Mus musculus musculus, whereas Mus musculus domesticus from western Europe, the Mediterranean, and North America contained almost exclusively MCF virus env copies. M. musculus musculus mice from central Europe trapped near the M. musculus domesticus/M. musculus musculus hybrid zone carried multiple copies of both types of env genes. LC mice also carried both xenotropic and MCF viral env genes, which is consistent with the above conclusion that they represent natural hybrids of M. musculus domesticus and M. musculus castaneus.
Collapse
|