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Ko HR, Ahn SY, Chang YS, Hwang I, Yun T, Sung DK, Sung SI, Park WS, Ahn JY. Human UCB-MSCs treatment upon intraventricular hemorrhage contributes to attenuate hippocampal neuron loss and circuit damage through BDNF-CREB signaling. Stem Cell Res Ther 2018; 9:326. [PMID: 30463591 PMCID: PMC6249960 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-018-1052-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2018] [Revised: 10/02/2018] [Accepted: 10/17/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Human umbilical cord blood-derived mesenchymal stem cells (hUCB-MSCs) have been shown to prevent brain damage and improve neurocognition following intraventricular hemorrhage (IVH). However, the molecular mechanisms underlying the effects of hUCB-MSCs are still elusive. Thus, as the hippocampus is essential for learning, memory, and cognitive functions and is intimately involved in the ventricular system, making it a potential site of IVH-induced injury, we determined the molecular basis of the effects of hUCB-derived MSCs on hippocampal neurogenesis and the recovery of hippocampal neural circuits after IVH in a rodent model. Methods We inflicted severe IVH injury on postnatal day 4 (P4) in rats. After confirmation of successful induction of IVH using MRI (P5), intracerebroventricular administration of MSCs (ICV-MSC) was performed at 2 days post-injury (P6). For hippocampal synaptic determination, a rat entorhinal-hippocampus (EH) organotypic slice co-culture (OSC) was performed using day 3 post-IVH brains (P7) with or without ICV-MSCs. A similar strategy of experiments was applied to those rats receiving hUCB-MSC transfected with BDNF-Si-RNA for knockdown of BDNF or scrambled siRNA controls after IVH. The molecular mechanism of the MSCs effects on neurogenesis and the attenuation of neuron death was determined by evaluation of BDNF-TrkB-Akt-CREB signaling axis. Results We showed that treatment with hUCB-MSCs attenuated neuronal loss and promoted neurogenesis in the hippocampus, an area highly vulnerable to IVH-induced brain injury. hUCB-MSCs activate BDNF-TrkB receptor signaling, eliciting intracellular activation of Akt and/or Erk and subsequent phosphorylation of CREB, which is responsible for promoting rat BDNF transcription. In addition to the beneficial effects of neuroprotection and neurogenesis, hUCB-MSCs also contribute to the restoration of impaired synaptic circuits in the hippocampus and improve neurocognitive functions in IVH-injured neonatal rat through BDNF-TrkB-CREB signaling axis activation. Conclusions Our data suggest that hUCB-MSCs possess therapeutic potential for treating neuronal loss and neurocognitive dysfunction in IVH through the activation of intracellular TrkB-CREB signaling that is invoked by hUCB-MSC-secreted BDNF. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s13287-018-1052-5) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyo Rim Ko
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, 2066, Seobu-ro, Jangan-gu, Suwon, 16419, South Korea.,Single Cell Network Research Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Suwon, 16419, South Korea
| | - So Yoon Ahn
- Department of Pediatrics, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, 81 Irwonro, Gangnam-gu, Seoul, 06351, South Korea.,Department of Health Sciences and Technology, SAIHST, Sungkyunkwan University, Seoul, South Korea.,Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine Institute, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, 06351, South Korea
| | - Yun Sil Chang
- Department of Pediatrics, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, 81 Irwonro, Gangnam-gu, Seoul, 06351, South Korea.,Department of Health Sciences and Technology, SAIHST, Sungkyunkwan University, Seoul, South Korea.,Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine Institute, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, 06351, South Korea
| | - Inwoo Hwang
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, 2066, Seobu-ro, Jangan-gu, Suwon, 16419, South Korea.,Single Cell Network Research Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Suwon, 16419, South Korea
| | - Taegwan Yun
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, 2066, Seobu-ro, Jangan-gu, Suwon, 16419, South Korea.,Single Cell Network Research Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Suwon, 16419, South Korea
| | - Dong Kyung Sung
- Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine Institute, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, 06351, South Korea
| | - Se In Sung
- Department of Pediatrics, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, 81 Irwonro, Gangnam-gu, Seoul, 06351, South Korea.,Department of Health Sciences and Technology, SAIHST, Sungkyunkwan University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Won Soon Park
- Department of Pediatrics, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, 81 Irwonro, Gangnam-gu, Seoul, 06351, South Korea. .,Department of Health Sciences and Technology, SAIHST, Sungkyunkwan University, Seoul, South Korea. .,Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine Institute, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, 06351, South Korea.
| | - Jee-Yin Ahn
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, 2066, Seobu-ro, Jangan-gu, Suwon, 16419, South Korea. .,Single Cell Network Research Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Suwon, 16419, South Korea. .,Department of Pediatrics, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, 81 Irwonro, Gangnam-gu, Seoul, 06351, South Korea. .,Department of Health Sciences and Technology, SAIHST, Sungkyunkwan University, Seoul, South Korea. .,Samsung Biomedical Research Institute, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, 06351, South Korea.
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Collinson N, Atack JR, Laughton P, Dawson GR, Stephens DN. An inverse agonist selective for alpha5 subunit-containing GABAA receptors improves encoding and recall but not consolidation in the Morris water maze. Psychopharmacology (Berl) 2006; 188:619-28. [PMID: 16633803 DOI: 10.1007/s00213-006-0361-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2006] [Accepted: 02/24/2006] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
RATIONALE Compounds selective for the GABAA receptors containing an alpha5 subunit have been reported to enhance performance in the hippocampally mediated delayed-matching-to-position version of the Morris water maze, in which reduction in the time required to find a hidden platform relative to an initial trial is used as an index of learning and memory. OBJECTIVE In the present study, we have used one such compound, alpha5IA-II, to examine whether these effects occur during the encoding, consolidation or recall phases of this paradigm. METHODS alpha5IA-II was administered in the absence or presence of the benzodiazepine site antagonist flumazenil, so as to limit its action to periods associated with encoding, consolidation and recall. Drug doses and timings of administrations were defined using occupancy data derived from an in vivo [3H]flumazenil binding assay. Similar experiments were carried out to study the memory-disruptive properties of chlordiazepoxide (CDP). RESULTS The trial 1 to trial 2 difference was increased when alpha5IA-II was given before either trial 1 or trial 2, indicating an effect on the encoding and recall phases, respectively, of learning and memory. Conversely, alpha5IA-II had no effect on performance when given immediately after trial 1, suggesting that it had no effect on the consolidation phase. In contrast to the facilitation of performance produced by the alpha5-selective inverse agonist alpha5IA-II given during the encoding and recall but not the consolidation phase, the non-selective agonist CDP impaired performance when given during the encoding and recall phases, whilst having no effect on the consolidation phase. CONCLUSIONS These data further highlight the cognition-enhancing properties of GABAA alpha5-selective inverse agonists and define the functional specificity of these effects in terms of encoding and recall processes in the Morris water maze.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Collinson
- Merck Sharp and Dohme Research Laboratories, The Neuroscience Research Centre, Terlings Park, Harlow,, Essex, CM20 2QR, UK.
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O'Dell DM, Hamm RJ. Chronic postinjury administration of MDL 26,479 (Suritozole), a negative modulator at the GABAA receptor, and cognitive impairment in rats following traumatic brain injury. J Neurosurg 1995; 83:878-83. [PMID: 7472558 DOI: 10.3171/jns.1995.83.5.0878] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
The present experiment examined the efficacy of postinjury administration of MDL 26,479 (Suritozole), a negative modulator at the gamma-aminobutyric acidA (GABAA) receptor that enhances cholinergic function, in attenuating spatial memory deficits after traumatic brain injury in the rat. Two experiments were performed. In the delayed-dosing experiment, rats received a moderate level (2.1 atm) of fluid-percussion brain injury and were tested in the Morris water maze 11 to 15 days following injury. These rats were injected with either 5 mg/kg (eight rats) or 10 mg/kg (eight rats) of MDL 26,479 60 minutes before each water maze test. Additional rats were injured and treated with saline (eight rats) or were surgically prepared but not injured (eight rats). In the second experiment, an early postinjury dosing procedure was followed. Rats were injured in the same manner but drug treatment began 24 hours after injury and continued daily through Day 15. Results indicated that the rats in the delayed chronic dosing regimen did not differ from the injured, saline-treated rats in their latency to reach the goal platform (p > 0.05). However, those treated chronically beginning 24 hours after injury had significantly shorter latencies than the injured, saline-treated rats (p < 0.05). These results suggest that administration of agents that enhance cholinergic function may be an appropriate strategy for promoting cognitive recovery when given after traumatic brain injury. Furthermore, prolonged treatment may be necessary to elicit beneficial effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- D M O'Dell
- Department of Psychology, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, USA
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Duka T, Edelmann V, Schütt B, Dorow R, Fichte K. Scopolamine-induced amnesia in humans: lack of effects of the benzodiazepine receptor antagonist β-carboline ZK 93426. J Psychopharmacol 1992; 6:382-8. [PMID: 22291384 DOI: 10.1177/026988119200600307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
It has been suggested from pharmacological studies in animals that ZK 93426 may improve memory and other cognitive processes in humans. Scopolamine has been used to model aspects of memory impairment. To test the effects of ZK 93426 alone and in combination with scopolamine, ZK 93426 (0.04 mg/kg) or vehicle (Intralipid R) was administered intravenously (i.v.) to normal controls, pre-treated with either scopolamine 0.5 mg administered subcutaneously (s.c.) or the same volume of saline. A visual (presentation of pictures) and a verbal (words list) memory test were applied. Both drugs on their own and in combination were found to be safe and well tolerated. ZK 93426 did not antagonize the scopolamine-induced impairment of acquisition of the words list. Scopolamine did not impair delayed recall of visual or verbal material. ZK 93426 alone improved performance in delayed recall of visual material presented after drug application, whereas it impaired performance in delayed recall of visual material presented before drug administration.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Duka
- Human Pharmacology, Schering AG, Postfach 65 03 11, D-1000, Berlin 65, Germany
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Sarter M, Bruno JP, Dudchenko P. Activating the damaged basal forebrain cholinergic system: tonic stimulation versus signal amplification. Psychopharmacology (Berl) 1990; 101:1-17. [PMID: 2160662 DOI: 10.1007/bf02253710] [Citation(s) in RCA: 144] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
The hypothesis that the cognitive decline in senile dementia is related to the loss of cortical cholinergic afferent projections predicts that pharmacological manipulations of the remaining cholinergic neurons will have therapeutic effects. However, treatment with cholinesterase inhibitors or muscarinic agonists has been, for the most part, largely unproductive. These drugs seem to disrupt the normal patterning of cholinergic transmission and thus may block proper signal processing. An alternative pharmacological strategy which focuses on the amplification of presynaptic activity without disrupting the normal patterning of cholinergic transmission appears to be more promising. Such a strategy may make use of the normal GABAergic innervation of basal forebrain cholinergic neurons in general, and in particular of the inhibitory hyperinnervation of remaining cholinergic neurons which may develop under pathological conditions. Disinhibition of the GABAergic control of cholinergic activity is assumed to intensify presynaptic cortical cholinergic activity and to enhance cognitive processing. Although the extent to which compounds such as the benzodiazepine receptor antagonist beta-carboline ZK 93,426 act via the basal forebrain GABA-cholinergic link is not yet clear, the available data suggest that the beneficial behavioral effects of this compound established in animals and humans are based on indirect cholinomimetic mechanisms. It is proposed that an activation of residual basal forebrain cholinergic neurons can be achieved most physiologically via inhibitory modulation of afferent GABAergic transmission. This modulation may have a therapeutic value in treating behavioral syndromes associated with cortical cholinergic denervation.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Sarter
- Department of Psychology, Ohio State University, Columbus 43210
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Sarter M, Steckler T. Spontaneous exploration of a 6-arm radial tunnel maze by basal forebrain lesioned rats: effects of the benzodiazepine receptor antagonist beta-carboline ZK 93 426. Psychopharmacology (Berl) 1989; 98:193-202. [PMID: 2547225 DOI: 10.1007/bf00444691] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Nine days following ibotenic acid induced basal forebrain lesions or a sham-operation, rats were allowed to explore an automated six-arm radial tunnel maze. From each session, several measures of locomotor and exploratory activity were registered. Lesioned and sham-operated animals were treated with either the benzodiazepine receptor antagonist beta-carboline ZK 93 426 (5 mg/kg; IP) or vehicle (Cremofor EL 10% in saline; IP; n = 10 for each group). Treatment was carried out 30 min before each session during acquisition (seven sessions) and reversals of the maze configuration (seven sessions). Eight days following the 14th session, the animals were retested without any further drug treatment. The main results suggest that the lesion resulted in locomotor hyperactivity, an increase in the number of blind arm entries, and of choice stereotypy. Treatment with ZK 93 426 attenuated the lesion-induced alterations of locomotor and exploratory activities. During the retest, the lesioned, previously vehicle-treated rats revisited arms which they had already explored during this session more frequently than the lesioned, previously ZK-treated rats; the latter group did not differ from the sham-lesioned controls. It is concluded that basal forebrain lesioned animals explored the tunnel maze less efficiently than sham-lesioned controls and that the lesioned animals benefited from the treatment with ZK 93 426. Although the specificity of the lesion in terms of destruction of cholinergic neurons remains unsettled, and although the psychological significances of the behavioral measures obtained from the tunnel maze are not yet fully understood, these results suggest that antagonists or partial inverse agonists at the benzodiazepine receptor may be able to normalize basal forebrain lesion-induced behavioral alterations.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Sarter
- Ohio State University, Department of Psychology, Columbus 43210
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