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Phelps LN, Andela N, Gravey M, Davis DS, Kull CA, Douglass K, Lehmann CER. Madagascar's fire regimes challenge global assumptions about landscape degradation. GLOBAL CHANGE BIOLOGY 2022; 28:6944-6960. [PMID: 35582991 PMCID: PMC9790435 DOI: 10.1111/gcb.16206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2022] [Accepted: 03/20/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Narratives of landscape degradation are often linked to unsustainable fire use by local communities. Madagascar is a case in point: the island is considered globally exceptional, with its remarkable endemic biodiversity viewed as threatened by unsustainable anthropogenic fire. Yet, fire regimes on Madagascar have not been empirically characterised or globally contextualised. Here, we contribute a comparative approach to determining relationships between regional fire regimes and global patterns and trends, applied to Madagascar using MODIS remote sensing data (2003-2019). Rather than a global exception, we show that Madagascar's fire regimes are similar to 88% of tropical burned area with shared climate and vegetation characteristics, and can be considered a microcosm of most tropical fire regimes. From 2003-2019, landscape-scale fire declined across tropical grassy biomes (17%-44% excluding Madagascar), and on Madagascar at a relatively fast rate (36%-46%). Thus, high tree loss anomalies on the island (1.25-4.77× the tropical average) were not explained by any general expansion of landscape-scale fire in grassy biomes. Rather, tree loss anomalies centred in forests, and could not be explained by landscape-scale fire escaping from savannas into forests. Unexpectedly, the highest tree loss anomalies on Madagascar (4.77×) occurred in environments without landscape-scale fire, where the role of small-scale fires (<21 h [0.21 km2 ]) is unknown. While landscape-scale fire declined across tropical grassy biomes, trends in tropical forests reflected important differences among regions, indicating a need to better understand regional variation in the anthropogenic drivers of forest loss and fire risk. Our new understanding of Madagascar's fire regimes offers two lessons with global implications: first, landscape-scale fire is declining across tropical grassy biomes and does not explain high tree loss anomalies on Madagascar. Second, landscape-scale fire is not uniformly associated with tropical forest loss, indicating a need for socio-ecological context in framing new narratives of fire and ecosystem degradation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leanne N. Phelps
- School of GeoSciencesUniversity of EdinburghEdinburghUK
- Tropical Diversity, Royal Botanic Garden EdinburghEdinburghUK
| | - Niels Andela
- School of Earth and Environmental SciencesCardiff UniversityCardiffUK
| | - Mathieu Gravey
- Institute of Earth Surface DynamicsUniversity of LausanneLausanneSwitzerland
| | - Dylan S. Davis
- Department of AnthropologyThe Pennsylvania State UniversityUniversity ParkPennsylvaniaUSA
| | - Christian A. Kull
- Institute of Geography and SustainabilityUniversity of LausanneLausanneSwitzerland
| | - Kristina Douglass
- Department of AnthropologyThe Pennsylvania State UniversityUniversity ParkPennsylvaniaUSA
- Institutes of Energy and the EnvironmentThe Pennsylvania State UniversityUniversity ParkPennsylvaniaUSA
| | - Caroline E. R. Lehmann
- School of GeoSciencesUniversity of EdinburghEdinburghUK
- Tropical Diversity, Royal Botanic Garden EdinburghEdinburghUK
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2
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A Climatological Satellite Assessment of Absorbing Carbonaceous Aerosols on a Global Scale. ATMOSPHERE 2019. [DOI: 10.3390/atmos10110671] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
A global climatology of absorbing carbonaceous aerosols (ACA) for the period 2005–2015 is obtained by using satellite MODIS (Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer)-Aqua and OMI (Ozone Monitoring Instrument)-Aura aerosol optical properties and by applying an algorithm. The algorithm determines the frequency of presence of ACA (black and brown carbon) over the globe at 1° × 1° pixel level and on a daily basis. The results of the algorithm indicate high frequencies of ACA (up to 19 days/month) over world regions with extended biomass burning, such as the tropical forests of southern and central Africa, South America and equatorial Asia, over savannas, cropland areas or boreal forests, as well as over urban and rural areas with intense anthropogenic activities, such as the eastern coast of China or the Indo-Gangetic plain. A clear seasonality of the frequency of occurrence of ACA is evident, with increased values during June–October over southern Africa, during July–November over South America, August–November over Indonesia, November–March over central Africa and November–April over southeastern Asia. The estimated seasonality of ACA is in line with the known annual patterns of worldwide biomass-burning emissions, while other features such as the export of carbonaceous aerosols from southern Africa to the southeastern Atlantic Ocean are also successfully reproduced by the algorithm. The results indicate a noticeable interannual variability and tendencies of ACA over specific world regions during 2005–2015, such as statistically significant increasing frequency of occurrence over southern Africa and eastern Asia.
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Naidja L, Ali-Khodja H, Khardi S. Sources and levels of particulate matter in North African and Sub-Saharan cities: a literature review. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2018; 25:12303-12328. [PMID: 29557037 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-018-1715-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2017] [Accepted: 03/08/2018] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
In order to assess the significance of PM in ambient air, it is necessary to evaluate their physical and chemical characteristics as well as identify their major emission sources. On a global scale, particulate matter in the atmosphere arises mainly from the combustion process of motorized vehicles, but natural sources are still considered as the major contributors. In Africa, PM emissions differ from those in developed countries; human activities such as biomass burning in households, poor household waste management, and the high number of diesel-powered vehicles are the predominant anthropogenic sources. Natural contributions are also observed. Saharan dust and savanna fires are the most common atmospheric natural sources of particulate matter. The present literature review gives an overview of the status of air quality in African cities and highlights the various sources of particulate matter emissions and local human activities specific to each African region. This could likely serve as a reference to evaluate the current air quality in this region and will be a useful tool in the future to develop pollution mitigation strategies at the source. Recommendations are proposed in the conclusion in order to reduce emissions from their sources, taking into account the low-income African countries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lamri Naidja
- Laboratoire de Pollution et Traitement des Eaux, Université Frères Mentouri, Route de Aïn El Bey, 25017, Constantine, Algeria.
- Centre de Recherche Scientifique et Technique en Analyses Physico-Chimiques, BP 384, Siège ex-Pasna Zone Industrielle, CP 42004, Bou-Ismail, Tipaza, Algeria.
| | - Hocine Ali-Khodja
- Laboratoire de Pollution et Traitement des Eaux, Université Frères Mentouri, Route de Aïn El Bey, 25017, Constantine, Algeria
| | - Salah Khardi
- Claude Bernard University- IFSTTAR LTE, 25, avenue François Mitterrand, Case 24 Cité des mobilités, F-69675, Bron Cedex, France
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Beringer J, Hutley LB, Abramson D, Arndt SK, Briggs P, Bristow M, Canadell JG, Cernusak LA, Eamus D, Edwards AC, Evans BJ, Fest B, Goergen K, Grover SP, Hacker J, Haverd V, Kanniah K, Livesley SJ, Lynch A, Maier S, Moore C, Raupach M, Russell-Smith J, Scheiter S, Tapper NJ, Uotila P. Fire in Australian savannas: from leaf to landscape. GLOBAL CHANGE BIOLOGY 2015; 21:62-81. [PMID: 25044767 PMCID: PMC4310295 DOI: 10.1111/gcb.12686] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2013] [Revised: 04/16/2014] [Accepted: 06/08/2014] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Savanna ecosystems comprise 22% of the global terrestrial surface and 25% of Australia (almost 1.9 million km2) and provide significant ecosystem services through carbon and water cycles and the maintenance of biodiversity. The current structure, composition and distribution of Australian savannas have coevolved with fire, yet remain driven by the dynamic constraints of their bioclimatic niche. Fire in Australian savannas influences both the biophysical and biogeochemical processes at multiple scales from leaf to landscape. Here, we present the latest emission estimates from Australian savanna biomass burning and their contribution to global greenhouse gas budgets. We then review our understanding of the impacts of fire on ecosystem function and local surface water and heat balances, which in turn influence regional climate. We show how savanna fires are coupled to the global climate through the carbon cycle and fire regimes. We present new research that climate change is likely to alter the structure and function of savannas through shifts in moisture availability and increases in atmospheric carbon dioxide, in turn altering fire regimes with further feedbacks to climate. We explore opportunities to reduce net greenhouse gas emissions from savanna ecosystems through changes in savanna fire management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jason Beringer
- School of Earth and Environment, The University of Western AustraliaCrawley, WA, 6009, Australia
- School of Geography and Environmental Science, Monash UniversityMelbourne, Vic., 3800, Australia
| | - Lindsay B Hutley
- School of Environment, Research Institute for the Environment and Livelihoods, Charles Darwin UniversityDarwin, NT, 0909, Australia
| | - David Abramson
- School of Earth and Environment, The University of Western AustraliaCrawley, WA, 6009, Australia
| | - Stefan K Arndt
- Department of Forest and Ecosystem Science, The University of MelbourneMelbourne, Vic., 3121, Australia
| | - Peter Briggs
- CSIRO Marine and Atmospheric ResearchGPO Box 3023, Canberra, ACT, 2601, Australia
| | - Mila Bristow
- School of Environment, Research Institute for the Environment and Livelihoods, Charles Darwin UniversityDarwin, NT, 0909, Australia
| | - Josep G Canadell
- CSIRO Marine and Atmospheric ResearchGPO Box 3023, Canberra, ACT, 2601, Australia
| | - Lucas A Cernusak
- School of Marine and Tropical Biology, James Cook UniversityCairns, Qld, 4878, Australia
| | - Derek Eamus
- School of the Environment, University of TechnologySydney, NSW, 2007, Australia
| | - Andrew C Edwards
- Department of Biological Sciences, Macquarie UniversityNorth Ryde, NSW, 2113, Australia
| | - Bradley J Evans
- Department of Biological Sciences, Macquarie UniversityNorth Ryde, NSW, 2113, Australia
| | - Benedikt Fest
- Department of Forest and Ecosystem Science, The University of MelbourneMelbourne, Vic., 3121, Australia
| | - Klaus Goergen
- Meteorological Institute, University of BonnBonn, D-53121, Germany
- Juelich Supercomputing Centre, Research Centre JuelichJuelich, 52425, Germany
- Centre for High Performance Scientific Computing in Terrestrial Systems, Research Centre JuelichJuelich, 52425, Germany
| | - Samantha P Grover
- School of Earth and Environment, The University of Western AustraliaCrawley, WA, 6009, Australia
- School of Environment, Research Institute for the Environment and Livelihoods, Charles Darwin UniversityDarwin, NT, 0909, Australia
| | - Jorg Hacker
- Airborne Research Australia/Flinders UniversitySalisbury South, SA, 5106, Australia
| | - Vanessa Haverd
- CSIRO Marine and Atmospheric ResearchGPO Box 3023, Canberra, ACT, 2601, Australia
| | - Kasturi Kanniah
- School of Earth and Environment, The University of Western AustraliaCrawley, WA, 6009, Australia
- Faculty of Geoinformation & Real Estate, Department of Geoinformation, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia81310 UTM, Johor Bahru, Malaysia
| | - Stephen J Livesley
- Department of Resource Management and Geography, The University of MelbourneMelbourne, Vic., 3121, Australia
| | - Amanda Lynch
- School of Earth and Environment, The University of Western AustraliaCrawley, WA, 6009, Australia
- Department of Geological Sciences, Brown UniversityProvidence, RI, 02912, USA
| | - Stefan Maier
- School of Environment, Research Institute for the Environment and Livelihoods, Charles Darwin UniversityDarwin, NT, 0909, Australia
| | - Caitlin Moore
- School of Earth and Environment, The University of Western AustraliaCrawley, WA, 6009, Australia
| | - Michael Raupach
- CSIRO Marine and Atmospheric ResearchGPO Box 3023, Canberra, ACT, 2601, Australia
| | - Jeremy Russell-Smith
- School of Environment, Research Institute for the Environment and Livelihoods, Charles Darwin UniversityDarwin, NT, 0909, Australia
| | - Simon Scheiter
- Biodiversity and Climate Research Centre (LOEWE BiK-F), Senckenberg Gesellschaft für NaturforschungSenckenberganlage 25, 60325, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Nigel J Tapper
- School of Earth and Environment, The University of Western AustraliaCrawley, WA, 6009, Australia
| | - Petteri Uotila
- Finnish Meteorological InstituteHelsinki, FI-00101, Finland
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Zhang X, Kondragunta S, Ram J, Schmidt C, Huang HC. Near-real-time global biomass burning emissions product from geostationary satellite constellation. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012. [DOI: 10.1029/2012jd017459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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6
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Vasileva AV, Moiseenko KB, Mayer JC, Jürgens N, Panov A, Heimann M, Andreae MO. Assessment of the regional atmospheric impact of wildfire emissions based on CO observations at the ZOTTO tall tower station in central Siberia. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2011. [DOI: 10.1029/2010jd014571] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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7
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Crutzen PJ, Andreae MO. Biomass burning in the tropics: impact on atmospheric chemistry and biogeochemical cycles. Science 2010; 250:1669-78. [PMID: 17734705 DOI: 10.1126/science.250.4988.1669] [Citation(s) in RCA: 643] [Impact Index Per Article: 45.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
Biomass burning is widespread, especially in the tropics. It serves to clear land for shifting cultivation, to convert forests to agricultural and pastoral lands, and to remove dry vegetation in order to promote agricultural productivity and the growth of higher yield grasses. Furthermore, much agricultural waste and fuel wood is being combusted, particularly in developing countries. Biomass containing 2 to 5 petagrams of carbon is burned annually (1 petagram = 10(15) grams), producing large amounts of trace gases and aerosol particles that play important roles in atmospheric chemistry and climate. Emissions of carbon monoxide and methane by biomass burning affect the oxidation efficiency of the atmosphere by reacting with hydroxyl radicals, and emissions of nitric oxide and hydrocarbons lead to high ozone concentrations in the tropics during the dry season. Large quantities of smoke particles are produced as well, and these can serve as cloud condensation nuclei. These particles may thus substantially influence cloud microphysical and optical properties, an effect that could have repercussions for the radiation budget and the hydrological cycle in the tropics. Widespread burning may also disturb biogeochemical cycles, especially that of nitrogen. About 50 percent of the nitrogen in the biomass fuel can be released as molecular nitrogen. This pyrdenitrification process causes a sizable loss of fixed nitrogen in tropical ecosystems, in the range of 10 to 20 teragrams per year (1 teragram = 10(12) grams).
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8
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Matichuk RI, Colarco PR, Smith JA, Toon OB. Modeling the transport and optical properties of smoke plumes from South American biomass burning. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2008. [DOI: 10.1029/2007jd009005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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9
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Freeborn PH, Wooster MJ, Hao WM, Ryan CA, Nordgren BL, Baker SP, Ichoku C. Relationships between energy release, fuel mass loss, and trace gas and aerosol emissions during laboratory biomass fires. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2008. [DOI: 10.1029/2007jd008679] [Citation(s) in RCA: 148] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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10
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Ito A, Sudo K, Akimoto H, Sillman S, Penner JE. Global modeling analysis of tropospheric ozone and its radiative forcing from biomass burning emissions in the twentieth century. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2007. [DOI: 10.1029/2007jd008745] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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11
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Crevoisier C, Shevliakova E, Gloor M, Wirth C, Pacala S. Drivers of fire in the boreal forests: Data constrained design of a prognostic model of burned area for use in dynamic global vegetation models. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2007. [DOI: 10.1029/2006jd008372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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12
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Matichuk RI, Colarco PR, Smith JA, Toon OB. Modeling the transport and optical properties of smoke aerosols from African savanna fires during the Southern African Regional Science Initiative campaign (SAFARI 2000). ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2007. [DOI: 10.1029/2006jd007528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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13
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Jain AK, Tao Z, Yang X, Gillespie C. Estimates of global biomass burning emissions for reactive greenhouse gases (CO, NMHCs, and NOx) and CO2. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2006. [DOI: 10.1029/2005jd006237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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14
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Michel C. Biomass burning emission inventory from burnt area data given by the SPOT-VEGETATION system in the frame of TRACE-P and ACE-Asia campaigns. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2005. [DOI: 10.1029/2004jd005461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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15
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Ito A. Estimates of CO emissions from open biomass burning in southern Africa for the year 2000. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2005. [DOI: 10.1029/2004jd005347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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16
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Zhang S, Penner JE, Torres O. Inverse modeling of biomass burning emissions using Total Ozone Mapping Spectrometer aerosol index for 1997. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2005. [DOI: 10.1029/2004jd005738] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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17
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Ito A. Global estimates of biomass burning emissions based on satellite imagery for the year 2000. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2004. [DOI: 10.1029/2003jd004423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 178] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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18
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Hoelzemann JJ. Global Wildland Fire Emission Model (GWEM): Evaluating the use of global area burnt satellite data. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2004. [DOI: 10.1029/2003jd003666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 220] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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19
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Korontzi S, Ward DE, Susott RA, Yokelson RJ, Justice CO, Hobbs PV, Smithwick EAH, Hao WM. Seasonal variation and ecosystem dependence of emission factors for selected trace gases and PM2.5for southern African savanna fires. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2003. [DOI: 10.1029/2003jd003730] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- S. Korontzi
- Department of Geography; University of Maryland; College Park Maryland USA
| | - D. E. Ward
- USDA Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station; Fire Sciences Laboratory; Missoula Montana USA
| | - R. A. Susott
- USDA Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station; Fire Sciences Laboratory; Missoula Montana USA
| | - R. J. Yokelson
- Department of Chemistry; University of Montana; Missoula Montana USA
| | - C. O. Justice
- Department of Geography; University of Maryland; College Park Maryland USA
| | - P. V. Hobbs
- Department of Atmospheric Sciences; University of Washington; Seattle Washington USA
| | | | - W. M. Hao
- USDA Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station; Fire Sciences Laboratory; Missoula Montana USA
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Silva JMN, Pereira JMC, Cabral AI, Sá ACL, Vasconcelos MJP, Mota B, Grégoire JM. An estimate of the area burned in southern Africa during the 2000 dry season using SPOT-VEGETATION satellite data. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2003. [DOI: 10.1029/2002jd002320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- João M. N. Silva
- Department of Forestry; Instituto Superior de Agronomia; Lisboa Portugal
| | - José M. C. Pereira
- Department of Forestry; Instituto Superior de Agronomia; Lisboa Portugal
- Cartography Centre; Tropical Research Institute; Lisboa Portugal
| | - Ana I. Cabral
- Cartography Centre; Tropical Research Institute; Lisboa Portugal
| | - Ana C. L. Sá
- Department of Forestry; Instituto Superior de Agronomia; Lisboa Portugal
| | | | - Bernardo Mota
- Department of Forestry; Instituto Superior de Agronomia; Lisboa Portugal
| | - Jean-Marie Grégoire
- European Commission, Joint Research Centre; Institute for Environment and Sustainability, Global Vegetation Monitoring Unit; Ispra Italy
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Hély C, Caylor K, Alleaume S, Swap RJ, Shugart HH. Release of gaseous and particulate carbonaceous compounds from biomass burning during the SAFARI 2000 dry season field campaign. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2003. [DOI: 10.1029/2002jd002482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- C. Hély
- Environmental Sciences Department; University of Virginia; Charlottesville Virginia USA
| | - K. Caylor
- Environmental Sciences Department; University of Virginia; Charlottesville Virginia USA
| | - S. Alleaume
- Environmental Sciences Department; University of Virginia; Charlottesville Virginia USA
| | - R. J. Swap
- Environmental Sciences Department; University of Virginia; Charlottesville Virginia USA
| | - H. H. Shugart
- Environmental Sciences Department; University of Virginia; Charlottesville Virginia USA
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22
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Shirai T, Blake DR, Meinardi S, Rowland FS, Russell-Smith J, Edwards A, Kondo Y, Koike M, Kita K, Machida T, Takegawa N, Nishi N, Kawakami S, Ogawa T. Emission estimates of selected volatile organic compounds from tropical savanna burning in northern Australia. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2003. [DOI: 10.1029/2001jd000841] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- T. Shirai
- National Space Development Agency of Japan; Earth Observation Research Center; Tokyo Japan
| | - D. R. Blake
- Department of Chemistry; University of California; Irvine California USA
| | - S. Meinardi
- Department of Chemistry; University of California; Irvine California USA
| | - F. S. Rowland
- Department of Chemistry; University of California; Irvine California USA
| | - J. Russell-Smith
- Tropical Savannas Cooperative Research Centre; Bushfires Council of the Northern Territory; Northern Territory Australia
| | - A. Edwards
- Tropical Savannas Cooperative Research Centre; Bushfires Council of the Northern Territory; Northern Territory Australia
| | - Y. Kondo
- Research Center for Advanced Science and Technology; University of Tokyo; Tokyo Japan
| | - M. Koike
- Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences; University of Tokyo; Tokyo Japan
| | - K. Kita
- Department of Environmental Sciences Faculty of Science; Ibaraki University; Ibaraki Japan
| | - T. Machida
- National Institute for Environmental Studies; Tsukuba Japan
| | - N. Takegawa
- Solar-Terrestrial Environment Laboratory; Nagoya University; Aichi Japan
| | - N. Nishi
- Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences; Kyoto University; Kyoto Japan
| | - S. Kawakami
- National Space Development Agency of Japan; Earth Observation Research Center; Tokyo Japan
| | - T. Ogawa
- National Space Development Agency of Japan; Earth Observation Research Center; Tokyo Japan
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23
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Russell-Smith J, Edwards AC, Cook GD. Reliability of biomass burning estimates from savanna fires: Biomass burning in northern Australia during the 1999 Biomass Burning and Lightning Experiment B field campaign. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2003. [DOI: 10.1029/2001jd000787] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jeremy Russell-Smith
- Tropical Savannas Cooperative Research Centre and Bushfires Council of the Northern Territory; Darwin, Northern Territory Australia
| | - Andrew C. Edwards
- Tropical Savannas Cooperative Research Centre and Bushfires Council of the Northern Territory; Darwin, Northern Territory Australia
| | - Garry D. Cook
- Tropical Savannas Cooperative Research Centre and CSIRO Tropical Ecosystems Research Centre; Darwin, Northern Territory Australia
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24
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Rotstayn LD, Lohmann U. Simulation of the tropospheric sulfur cycle in a global model with a physically based cloud scheme. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2002. [DOI: 10.1029/2002jd002128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Leon D. Rotstayn
- Division of Atmospheric Research; CSIRO; Aspendale Victoria Australia
| | - Ulrike Lohmann
- Department of Physics and Atmospheric Science; Dalhousie University; Halifax, Nova Scotia Canada
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25
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Timmreck C. Three-dimensional simulation of stratospheric background aerosol: First results of a multiannual general circulation model simulation. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2001. [DOI: 10.1029/2001jd000765] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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26
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Roberts GC, Andreae MO, Maenhaut W, Fernández-Jiménez MT. Composition and sources of aerosol in a central African rain forest during the dry season. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2001. [DOI: 10.1029/2000jd900774] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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27
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Peters W, Krol M, Dentener F, Lelieveld J. Identification of an El Niño-Southern Oscillation signal in a multiyear global simulation of tropospheric ozone. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2001. [DOI: 10.1029/2000jd900658] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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Leue C, Wenig M, Wagner T, Klimm O, Platt U, Jähne B. Quantitative analysis of NOxemissions from Global Ozone Monitoring Experiment satellite image sequences. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2001. [DOI: 10.1029/2000jd900572] [Citation(s) in RCA: 199] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Lohmann U, Feichter J, Penner J, Leaitch R. Indirect effect of sulfate and carbonaceous aerosols: A mechanistic treatment. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2000. [DOI: 10.1029/1999jd901199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 159] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Spivakovsky CM, Logan JA, Montzka SA, Balkanski YJ, Foreman-Fowler M, Jones DBA, Horowitz LW, Fusco AC, Brenninkmeijer CAM, Prather MJ, Wofsy SC, McElroy MB. Three-dimensional climatological distribution of tropospheric OH: Update and evaluation. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2000. [DOI: 10.1029/1999jd901006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 644] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Galanter M, Levy H, Carmichael GR. Impacts of biomass burning on tropospheric CO, NOx, and O3. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2000. [DOI: 10.1029/1999jd901113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 202] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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Modelling the Impact of Vegetation Fires, Detected from NOAA-AVHRR Data, on Tropospheric Chemistry in Tropical Africa. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2000. [DOI: 10.1007/0-306-47959-1_11] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register]
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Bergamaschi P, Hein R, Heimann M, Crutzen PJ. Inverse modeling of the global CO cycle: 1. Inversion of CO mixing ratios. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2000. [DOI: 10.1029/1999jd900818] [Citation(s) in RCA: 159] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Pereira JMC, Pereira BS, Barbosa P, Stroppiana D, Vasconcelos MJP, Grégoire JM. Satellite monitoring of fire in the EXPRESSO study area during the 1996 dry season experiment: Active fires, burnt area, and atmospheric emissions. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1999. [DOI: 10.1029/1999jd900422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Lawrence MG, Crutzen PJ, Rasch PJ, Eaton BE, Mahowald NM. A model for studies of tropospheric photochemistry: Description, global distributions, and evaluation. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1999. [DOI: 10.1029/1999jd900425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 132] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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Levy H, Moxim WJ, Klonecki AA, Kasibhatla PS. Simulated tropospheric NOx: Its evaluation, global distribution and individual source contributions. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1999. [DOI: 10.1029/1999jd900442] [Citation(s) in RCA: 93] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Lohmann U, von Salzen K, McFarlane N, Leighton HG, Feichter J. Tropospheric sulfur cycle in the Canadian general circulation model. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1999. [DOI: 10.1029/1999jd900343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Olivier JG, Bloos JPJ, Berdowski JJ, Visschedijk AJ, Bouwman AF. A 1990 global emission inventory of anthropogenic sources of carbon monoxide on 1°×1° developed in the framework of EDGAR/GEIA. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1999. [DOI: 10.1016/s1465-9972(99)00019-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Kanakidou M, Dentener F, Brasseur G, Berntsen T, Collins W, Hauglustaine D, Houweling S, Isaksen I, Krol M, Lawrence M, Muller JF, Poisson N, Roelofs G, Wang Y, Wauben W. 3-D global simulations of tropospheric CO distributions – results of the GIM/IGAC intercomparison 1997 exercise. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1999. [DOI: 10.1016/s1465-9972(99)00029-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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Kanakidou M, Crutzen PJ. The photochemical source of carbon monoxide: Importance, uncertainties and feedbacks. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1999. [DOI: 10.1016/s1465-9972(99)00022-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Hoffa EA, Ward DE, Hao WM, Susott RA, Wakimoto RH. Seasonality of carbon emissions from biomass burning in a Zambian savanna. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1999. [DOI: 10.1029/1999jd900091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 99] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Iacobellis SF, Frouin R, Somerville RCJ. Direct climate forcing by biomass-burning aerosols: Impact of correlations between controlling variables. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1999. [DOI: 10.1029/1999jd900001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Lohmann U, Feichter J, Chuang CC, Penner JE. Prediction of the number of cloud droplets in the ECHAM GCM. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1999. [DOI: 10.1029/1999jd900046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 253] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Olson JR, Baum BA, Cahoon DR, Crawford JH. Frequency and distribution of forest, savanna, and crop fires over tropical regions during PEM-Tropics A. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1999. [DOI: 10.1029/1998jd100066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Hsu NC, Herman JR, Torres O, Holben BN, Tanre D, Eck TF, Smirnov A, Chatenet B, Lavenu F. Comparisons of the TOMS aerosol index with Sun-photometer aerosol optical thickness: Results and applications. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1999. [DOI: 10.1029/1998jd200086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 240] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Chu DA, Kaufman YJ, Remer LA, Holben BN. Remote sensing of smoke from MODIS airborne simulator during the SCAR-B experiment. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1998. [DOI: 10.1029/98jd01148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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Jonquières I, Marenco A, Maalej A, Rohrer F. Study of ozone formation and transatlantic transport from biomass burning emissions over West Africa during the airborne Tropospheric Ozone Campaigns TROPOZ I and TROPOZ II. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1998. [DOI: 10.1029/98jd00819] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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