High-Dose VP-16 (HD VP-16) and Fractionated Total Body Irradiation (F-TBI) Followed by Autologous Bone Marrow Transplantation (ABMT) in Children with Relapsed or High-Risk Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia (ALL). In: Hiddemann W, Büchner T, Wörmann B, Plunkett W, Keating M, Andreeff M, editors. Acute Leukemias. Berlin: Springer Berlin Heidelberg; 1992. pp. 568-71. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-642-76591-9_97]

Automated processing of human bone marrow grafts for transplantation

Prior to purging or cryopreservation, we concentrated 21 bone marrow (BM) harvests using a modification of the 'grancollect-protocol' of the Fresenius AS 104 cell separator with the P1-Y set. Within 40-70 min, the initial marrow volume of 1,265 ml (+/- 537 ml) was processed two to three times. A mean of 47% (+/- 21%) of the initial mononuclear cells was recovered in a mean volume of 128 ml (+36 ml). The recovery of clonogenic cells, measured by CFU-GM assays, was 68% (+/- 47%). Red blood cells in the BM concentrates were reduced to 7% (+/- 4%) of the initial number. The procedure was efficient and yielded a BM cell fraction suitable for purging, cryopreservation and transplantation. At this time, 10 of the 21 patients whose BM was processed using this technique have been transplanted. Seven of these 10 patients have been grafted using the BM alone. Three of the 10 patients showed reduced cell viability and colony growth in the thawed BM samples, and therefore obtained BM and peripheral blood-derived stem cells. All transplanted patients showed an evaluable engraftment, achieving 1,000 granulocytes per microliter of peripheral blood in a mean of 18 days.