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Stelzer RU, Ikeda Y, Srinivasan P, Lehmann TS, Grabowski B, Niewa R. Li 5Sn, the Most Lithium-Rich Binary Stannide: A Combined Experimental and Computational Study. J Am Chem Soc 2022; 144:7096-7110. [PMID: 35417653 PMCID: PMC9052764 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.1c10640] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
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From reaction of
excess lithium with tin, we isolate well-crystallized
Li5Sn and solve the crystal structure from single-crystal
X-ray diffraction data. The orthorhombic structure (space group Cmcm) features the same coordination polyhedra around tin
and lithium as previously predicted by electronic structure calculations
for this composition, however differently arranged. An extensive ab initio analysis, including thermodynamic integration
using Langevin dynamics in combination with a machine-learning potential
(moment tensor potential), is conducted to understand the thermodynamic
stability of this Cmcm Li5Sn structure
observed in our experiments. Among the 108 Li5Sn structures
systematically derived using the structure enumeration algorithm,
including the experimental Cmcm structure and those
obtained in previous ab initio studies, another new
structure with the space group Immm is found to be
energetically most stable at 0 K. This computationally discovered Immm structure is also found to be thermodynamically more
stable than the Cmcm structure at finite temperatures,
indicating that the Cmcm Li5Sn structure
observed in our experiments is favored likely due to kinetic reasons
rather than thermodynamics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert U Stelzer
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, University of Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 55, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Yuji Ikeda
- Institute for Materials Science, University of Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 55, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Prashanth Srinivasan
- Institute for Materials Science, University of Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 55, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Tanja S Lehmann
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, University of Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 55, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Blazej Grabowski
- Institute for Materials Science, University of Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 55, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Rainer Niewa
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, University of Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 55, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany
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2
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Affiliation(s)
- Kasper P. Kepp
- Technical University of Denmark DTU Chemistry Building 206 2800 Kgs. Lyngby Denmark
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3
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Escobedo-Morales A, Tepech-Carrillo L, Bautista-Hernández A, Camacho-García JH, Cortes-Arriagada D, Chigo-Anota E. Effect of Chemical Order in the Structural Stability and Physicochemical Properties of B 12N 12 Fullerenes. Sci Rep 2019; 9:16521. [PMID: 31712591 PMCID: PMC6848210 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-52981-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2019] [Accepted: 10/24/2019] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
The effect of chemical order in the structural and physicochemical properties of B12N12 [4,6]-fullerene (BNF) isomers was evaluated using density functional theory and molecular dynamic calculations. The feasibility to find stable BNF isomers with atomic arrangement other than the well-known octahedral Th-symmetry was explored. In this study, the number of homonuclear bonds in the modeled nanostructures was used as categorical parameter to describe and quantify the degree of structural order. The BNF without homonuclear bonds was identified as the most energetically favorable isomer. However, a variety of BNF arrays departing from Th-symmetry was determined as stable structures also. The calculated vibrational spectra suggest that isomers with chemical disorder can be identified by infrared spectroscopy. In general, formation of homonuclear bonds is possible meanwhile the entropy of the system increases, but at expense of cohesive energy. It is proposed that formation of phase-segregated regions stablishes an apparent limit to the number of homonuclear bonds in stable B12N12 fullerenes. It was found that formation of homonuclear bonds decreases substantially the chemical hardness of BNF isomers and generates zones with large charge density, which might act as reactive sites. Moreover, chemical disorder endows BNF isomers with a permanent electric dipole moment as large as 3.28 D. The obtained results suggest that by manipulating their chemical order, the interaction of BNF’s with other molecular entities can be controlled, making them potential candidates for drug delivery, catalysis and sensing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alejandro Escobedo-Morales
- Facultad de Ingeniería Química, Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla, Av. San Claudio y 18 Sur, C.P. 72570, Ciudad Universitaria, Puebla, Puebla, Mexico.
| | - Lorenzo Tepech-Carrillo
- Unidad de Sistemas Biológicos e Innovación Tecnológica, Universidad Autónoma Benito Juárez de Oaxaca, C.P. 68120, Oaxaca de Juárez, Oaxaca, Mexico.,Facultad de Ingeniería, Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla, Av. San Claudio y 18 Sur, C.P. 72570, Ciudad Universitaria, Puebla, Puebla, Mexico
| | - Alejandro Bautista-Hernández
- Facultad de Ingeniería, Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla, Av. San Claudio y 18 Sur, C.P. 72570, Ciudad Universitaria, Puebla, Puebla, Mexico
| | - José Humberto Camacho-García
- Facultad de Ingeniería Química, Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla, Av. San Claudio y 18 Sur, C.P. 72570, Ciudad Universitaria, Puebla, Puebla, Mexico
| | - Diego Cortes-Arriagada
- Programa Institucional de Fomento a la Investigación, Desarrollo e Innovación, Universidad Tecnológica Metropolitana, Ignacio Valdivieso 2409, P.O. Box 8940577, San Joaquín, Santiago, Chile
| | - Ernesto Chigo-Anota
- Facultad de Ingeniería Química, Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla, Av. San Claudio y 18 Sur, C.P. 72570, Ciudad Universitaria, Puebla, Puebla, Mexico.
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4
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Marinica MC, Willaime F, Crocombette JP. Irradiation-induced formation of nanocrystallites with C15 Laves phase structure in bcc iron. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2012; 108:025501. [PMID: 22324696 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.108.025501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2011] [Revised: 11/22/2011] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
A three-dimensional periodic structure is proposed for self-interstitial clusters in body-centered-cubic metals, as opposed to the conventional two-dimensional loop morphology. The underlying crystal structure corresponds to the C15 Laves phase. Using density functional theory and interatomic potential calculations, we demonstrate that in α-iron these C15 aggregates are highly stable and immobile and that they exhibit large antiferromagnetic moments. They form directly in displacement cascades, and they can grow by capturing self-interstitials. They thus constitute an important new element to account for when predicting the microstructural evolution of iron base materials under irradiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- M-C Marinica
- CEA, DEN, Service de Recherches de Métallurgie Physique, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
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5
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Ekholm M, Zapolsky H, Ruban AV, Vernyhora I, Ledue D, Abrikosov IA. Influence of the magnetic state on the chemical order-disorder transition temperature in Fe-Ni permalloy. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2010; 105:167208. [PMID: 21231009 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.105.167208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2010] [Revised: 08/25/2010] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
In magnetic alloys, the effect of finite temperature magnetic excitations on phase stability below the Curie temperature is poorly investigated, although many systems undergo phase transitions in this temperature range. We consider random Ni-rich Fe-Ni alloys, which undergo chemical order-disorder transition approximately 100 K below their Curie temperature, to demonstrate from ab initio calculations that deviations of the global magnetic state from ideal ferromagnetic order due to temperature induced magnetization reduction have a crucial effect on the chemical transition temperature. We propose a scheme where the magnetic state is described by partially disordered local magnetic moments, which in combination with Heisenberg Monte Carlo simulations of the magnetization allows us to reproduce the transition temperature in good agreement with experimental data.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Ekholm
- Department of Physics, Chemistry and Biology (IFM), Linköping University, SE-58183 Linköping, Sweden.
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6
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Delfour L, Creuze J, Legrand B. Exotic behavior of the outer shell of bimetallic nanoalloys. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2009; 103:205701. [PMID: 20365993 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.103.205701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2009] [Revised: 10/02/2009] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
In order to build the phase diagram of Cu-Ag nanoalloys, segregation isotherms for the different sites of the outer shell of a 405-atom cluster have been obtained by means of Monte Carlo simulations using N-body interatomic potentials. A dynamical equilibrium in phase space is observed for the (001) facets as well as for the (111) facets of the truncated octahedron. For the (001) facets, the bistability originates from a structural transition, the facets oscillating collectively between a Cu-rich square shape of coordinence 4 and an Ag-rich diamond shape of coordinence 6. For the (111) facets, the bistability is purely chemical and affects each facet individually. We thus predict the possible coexistence of Cu-pure and Ag-pure (111) facets within the same nanoparticle.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Delfour
- SRMP-DMN, CEA Saclay, F91191 Gif-sur-Yvette Cedex, France
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7
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Seko A, Togo A, Oba F, Tanaka I. Structure and stability of a homologous series of tin oxides. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2008; 100:045702. [PMID: 18352303 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.100.045702] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2007] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
The structures and stabilities of a series of nonstoichiometric SnO2-x compounds, which are yet unknown experimentally, are predicted using the cluster expansion technique combined with first-principles calculations. A homologous series of Sn(n+1)O(2n) in which oxygen vacancies are layered on (101) planes of the rutile lattice is discovered. The homologous crystals are composed of divalent and quadrivalent Sn atoms. No trivalent Sn atoms are formed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Atsuto Seko
- Pioneering Research Unit for Next Generation, Kyoto University, Kyoto 615-8530, Japan
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8
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van de Walle A, Ellis DE. First-principles thermodynamics of coherent interfaces in samarium-doped ceria nanoscale superlattices. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2007; 98:266101. [PMID: 17678107 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.98.266101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2007] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
Nanoscale superlattices of samarium-doped ceria layers with varying doping levels have been recently proposed as a novel fuel cell electrolyte. We calculate the equilibrium composition profile across the coherent {100} interfaces present in this system using lattice-gas Monte Carlo simulations with long-range interactions determined from electrostatics and short-range interactions obtained from ab initio calculations. These simulations reveal the formation of a diffuse, nonmonotonic, and surprisingly wide (11 nm at 400 K) interface composition profile, despite the absence of space charge regions.
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Affiliation(s)
- A van de Walle
- Engineering and Applied Science Division, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125, USA.
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9
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Reichert H, Schöps A, Ramsteiner IB, Bugaev VN, Shchyglo O, Udyansky A, Dosch H, Asta M, Drautz R, Honkimäki V. Competition between order and phase separation in Au-Ni. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2005; 95:235703. [PMID: 16384319 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.95.235703] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2005] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
We have measured and theoretically analyzed the diffuse scattering in the binary alloy system Au-Ni, which has been proposed as a testing ground for theories of alloy phase stability. We found strong evidence that in the alloys Au3Ni and Au3Ni2, fluctuations of both ordering- and clustering-type are competing with each other. Our results resolve a long-standing controversy on the balance of relaxation and mixing energies in this alloy system and explain recent findings of ordering in thin Au-Ni films.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Reichert
- Max-Planck-Institut für Metallforschung, Heisenbergstrasse 3, D-70569 Stuttgart, Germany
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10
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Mottet C, Rossi G, Baletto F, Ferrando R. Single impurity effect on the melting of nanoclusters. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2005; 95:035501. [PMID: 16090755 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.95.035501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2005] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
We show by molecular dynamics simulations that the melting temperature of clusters can be tuned by selective doping. In fact, a single Ni or Cu impurity in Ag icosahedral clusters considerably increases the melting temperature even for sizes of more than a hundred atoms. The upward shift is correlated to the strain relaxation induced by a small central impurity in icosahedral clusters.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Mottet
- CRMCN/CNRS, Campus de Luminy, Case 913, 13288 Marseille Cedex 9, France
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11
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Tokar VI, Dreyssé H. Exact solution of a one-dimensional model of strained epitaxy on a periodically modulated substrate. PHYSICAL REVIEW. E, STATISTICAL, NONLINEAR, AND SOFT MATTER PHYSICS 2005; 71:031604. [PMID: 15903440 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.71.031604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2004] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
We consider a one-dimensional lattice gas model of strained epitaxy with the elastic strain accounted for through a finite number of cluster interactions comprising contiguous atomic chains. Interactions of this type arise in the models of strained epitaxy based on the Frenkel-Kontorova model. Furthermore, the deposited atoms interact with the substrate via an arbitrary periodic potential of period L. This model is solved exactly with the use of an appropriately adopted technique developed recently in the theory of protein folding. The advantage of the proposed approach over the standard transfer-matrix method is that it reduces the problem to finding the largest eigenvalue of a matrix of size L instead of 2(L-1), which is vital in the case of nanostructures where L may measure in hundreds of interatomic distances. Our major conclusion is that the substrate modulation always facilitates the size calibration of self-assembled nanoparticles in one- and two-dimensional systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- V I Tokar
- IPCMS-GEMM, UMR 7504 CNRS, 23, Strasbourg, France
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12
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Drautz R, Díaz-Ortiz A, Fähnle M, Dosch H. Ordering and magnetism in Fe-Co: dense sequence of ground-state structures. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2004; 93:067202. [PMID: 15323658 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.93.067202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2003] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
We discover that Fe-Co alloys develop a series of ordered ground-state structures in addition to the known CsCl-type structure. This new set of structures is found from a combinatorial ground-state search of 1.5 x 10(10) bcc-based structures. The energies of the searched bcc structures are constructed with the cluster expansion method from few first-principles calculations of ordered Fe-Co structures. The set of new ground-state structures is explained from the decay behavior of the cluster expansion coefficients which allows us to identify a simple geometric motif common to all structures. The appearance of these FeCo superstructures offers a broader view of the ordering reactions in bipartite-lattice based binary alloys.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ralf Drautz
- Max-Planck-Institut für Metallforschung, Heisenbergstrasse 3, D-70569 Stuttgart, Germany
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13
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Sanati M, Wang LG, Zunger A. Adaptive crystal structures: CuAu and NiPt. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2003; 90:045502. [PMID: 12570430 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.90.045502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2002] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
We discover that Au-rich Cu1-xAux and Pt-rich Ni1-xPtx contain a composition range in which there is a quasicontinuum of stable, ordered "adaptive structures" made of (001) repeat units of simple structural motifs. This is found by searching approximately 3x10(6) different fcc configurations whose energies are parametrized via a "cluster expansion" of first-principles-calculated total energies of just a few structures. This structural adaptivity is explained in terms of an anisotropic, long-range strain energy.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Sanati
- National Renewable Energy Laboratory, Golden, Colorado 80401, USA
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14
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Ozoliņs V, Asta M, Hoyt JJ. Elastic relaxations in ultrathin epitaxial alloy films. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2002; 88:096101. [PMID: 11864030 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.88.096101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2001] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Elastic interactions responsible for the stability of nanometer-scale patterns in ultrathin, bulk-immiscible-alloy films are analyzed within the context of a hybrid atomistic-continuum model. Two apparently different descriptions of alloy film behavior, a continuum elasticity theory describing a deformable substrate and a rigid substrate atomistic scheme, emerge naturally as limiting cases on long and short length scales, respectively. Quantitative first-principles calculations explain the origin of recently observed nanoscale patterns in Co-Ag/Ru(0001), and reveal a surprising failure of the continuum model.
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Affiliation(s)
- V Ozoliņs
- Sandia National Laboratories, Livermore, California, USA
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15
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Korzhavyi PA, Pourovskii LV, Hugosson HW, Ruban AV, Johansson B. Ab initio study of phase equilibria in TiC(x). PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2002; 88:015505. [PMID: 11800964 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.88.015505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2001] [Revised: 08/24/2001] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
The phase diagram for the vacancy-ordered structures in the substoichiometric TiC(x) (x = 0.5-1.0) has been established from Monte Carlo simulations with the long-range pair and multisite effective interactions obtained from ab initio calculations. Three ordered superstructures of vacancies (Ti(2)C, Ti(3)C(2), and Ti(6)C(5)) are found to be ground state configurations. Their stability has been verified by full-potential total energy calculations of the fully relaxed structures.
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Affiliation(s)
- P A Korzhavyi
- Applied Materials Physics, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Royal Institute of Technology, SE-100 44 Stockholm, Sweden
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Ozoliņs V, Asta M. Large vibrational effects upon calculated phase boundaries in Al-Sc. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2001; 86:448-451. [PMID: 11177852 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.86.448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2000] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
The fcc portion of the Al-Sc phase diagram is calculated from first principles including contributions to alloy free energies associated with ionic vibrations. It is found that vibrational entropy accounts for a 27-fold increase in the calculated solubility limits for Sc in fcc Al at high temperatures, bringing calculated and measured values into very good agreement. The present work gives a clear example demonstrating a large effect of vibrational entropy upon calculated phase boundaries in substitutional alloys.
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Affiliation(s)
- V Ozoliņs
- Sandia National Laboratories, MS 9161, P.O. Box 969, Livermore, California 94551-0969, USA
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