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Tavassoli H, Javadpour J, Taheri M, Mehrjou M, Koushki N, Arianpour F, Majidi M, Izadi-Mobarakeh J, Negahdari B, Chan P, Ebrahimi Warkiani M, Bonakdar S. Incorporation of Nanoalumina Improves Mechanical Properties and Osteogenesis of Hydroxyapatite Bioceramics. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2018; 4:1324-1336. [PMID: 33418663 DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.7b00754] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
A handful of work focused on improving the intrinsic low mechanical properties of hydroxyapatite (HA) by various reinforcing agents. However, the big challenge regarding improving mechanical properties is maintaining bioactivity. To address this issue, we report fabrication of apatite-based composites by incorporation of alumina nanoparticles (n-Al2O3). Although numerous studies have used micron or submicron alumina for reinforcing hydroxyapatite, only few reports are available about the use of n-Al2O3. In this study, spark plasma sintering (SPS) method was utilized to develop HA-nAl2O3 dense bodies. Compared to the conventional sintering, decomposition of HA and formation of calcium aluminates phases are restricted using SPS. Moreover, n-Al2O3 acts as a bioactive agent while its conventional form is an inert bioceramics. The addition of n-Al2O3 resulted in 40% improvement in hardness along with a 110% increase in fracture toughness, while attaining nearly full dense bodies. The in vitro characterization of nanocomposite demonstrated improved bone-specific cell function markers as evidenced by cell attachment and proliferation, alkaline phosphatase activity, calcium and collagen detection and nitric oxide production. Specifically, gene expression analysis demonstrated that introduction of n-Al2O3 in HA matrix resulted in accelerated osteogenic differentiation of osteoblast and mesenchymal stem cells, as expression of Runx-2 and OSP showed 2.5 and 19.6 fold increase after 2 weeks (p < 0.05). Moreover, protein adsorption analysis showed enhanced adsorption of plasma proteins to HA-nAl2O3 sample compared to HA. These findings suggest that HA-nAl2O3 could be a prospective candidate for orthopedic applications due to its improved mechanical and osteogenic properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hossein Tavassoli
- School of Metallurgy and Materials Engineering, Iran University of Science and Technology, P.O. Box 16846-13114, Tehran, Iran.,Department of Biomedical Engineering, Swinburne University of Technology, Hawthorn, Victoria 3122, Australia.,School of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales 2052, Australia
| | - Jafar Javadpour
- School of Metallurgy and Materials Engineering, Iran University of Science and Technology, P.O. Box 16846-13114, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mahdiar Taheri
- School of Metallurgy and Materials Engineering, Iran University of Science and Technology, P.O. Box 16846-13114, Tehran, Iran.,ANU College of Engineering & Computer Science, The Australian National University, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory 2601, Australia
| | | | - Newsha Koushki
- Department of Bioengineering, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada H3A 0C3
| | - Farzin Arianpour
- School of Metallurgy and Materials Engineering, Iran University of Science and Technology, P.O. Box 16846-13114, Tehran, Iran.,Research and Application Center, Kastamonu University, 37100 Kastamonu, Turkey
| | | | | | - Babak Negahdari
- School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Department of Medical Biotechnology, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Peggy Chan
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Swinburne University of Technology, Hawthorn, Victoria 3122, Australia
| | - Majid Ebrahimi Warkiani
- School of Biomedical Engineering, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, New South Wales 2007 Australia
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