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Bam M, Chintala S, Fetcko K, Williamsen BC, Siraj S, Liu S, Wan J, Xuei X, Liu Y, Leibold AT, Dey M. Genome wide DNA methylation landscape reveals glioblastoma's influence on epigenetic changes in tumor infiltrating CD4+ T cells. Oncotarget 2021; 12:967-981. [PMID: 34012510 PMCID: PMC8121608 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.27955] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2021] [Accepted: 04/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
CD4+ helper T (Th) cells play a critical role in shaping anti-tumor immunity by virtue of their ability to differentiate into multiple lineages in response to environmental cues. Various CD4+ lineages can orchestrate a broad range of effector activities during the initiation, expansion, and memory phase of endogenous anti-tumor immune response. In this clinical corelative study, we found that Glioblastoma (GBM) induces multi- and mixed-lineage immune response in the tumor microenvironment. Whole-genome bisulfite sequencing of tumor infiltrating and blood CD4+ T-cell from GBM patients showed 13571 differentially methylated regions and a distinct methylation pattern of methylation of tumor infiltrating CD4+ T-cells with significant inter-patient variability. The methylation changes also resulted in transcriptomic changes with 341 differentially expressed genes in CD4+ tumor infiltrating T-cells compared to blood. Analysis of specific genes involved in CD4+ differentiation and function revealed differential methylation status of TBX21, GATA3, RORC, FOXP3, IL10 and IFNG in tumor CD4+ T-cells. Analysis of lineage specific genes revealed differential methylation and gene expression in tumor CD4+ T-cells. Interestingly, we observed dysregulation of several ligands of T cell function genes in GBM tissue corresponding to the T-cell receptors that were dysregulated in tumor infiltrating CD4+ T-cells. Our results suggest that GBM might induce epigenetic alterations in tumor infiltrating CD4+ T-cells there by influencing anti-tumor immune response by manipulating differentiation and function of tumor infiltrating CD4+ T-cells. Thus, further research is warranted to understand the role of tumor induced epigenetic modification of tumor infiltrating T-cells to develop effective anti-GBM immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marpe Bam
- Department of Neurological Surgery, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
- These authors contributed equally to this work
| | - Sreenivasulu Chintala
- Department of Neurosurgery, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
- These authors contributed equally to this work
| | - Kaleigh Fetcko
- Department of Neurosurgery, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Brooke Carmen Williamsen
- Department of Neurological Surgery, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Seema Siraj
- Department of Neurological Surgery, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Sheng Liu
- Department of Bioinformatics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Jun Wan
- Department of Bioinformatics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Xiaoling Xuei
- Department of Bioinformatics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Yunlong Liu
- Department of Bioinformatics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Adam T. Leibold
- Department of Neurosurgery, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Mahua Dey
- Department of Neurological Surgery, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
- Department of Neurosurgery, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
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Margareto J, Leis O, Larrarte E, Idoate MA, Carrasco A, Lafuente JV. Gene expression profiling of human gliomas reveals differences between GBM and LGA related to energy metabolism and notch signaling pathways. J Mol Neurosci 2007; 32:53-63. [PMID: 17873288 DOI: 10.1007/s12031-007-0008-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2007] [Revised: 11/30/1999] [Accepted: 01/21/2007] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Human malignant astrocytic tumors are the most common primary brain malignancies. Human gliomas are classified according to the extent of anaplasia or 'de-differentiation' appearance. Although this type of histological classification is widely accepted, the extensive heterogeneity of astrocytic tumors has made their pathological classification rather difficult. New genome-scale high throughput technologies for gene expression profiling, such as DNA microarrays, are emerging as new tools to allow a more accurate identification and characterization of different tumor degrees by discovering new specific markers and pathways of each stage. Present work reports interesting results that might be useful to differentiate between tumor grades. Data presented here provides new evidences about the molecular basis underlying different tumor stages. In this sense, we identified key metabolic pathways, crucial for tumor progression, as being differentially regulated in different tumor stages. On the other hand, remarkable findings regarding Notch pathway are reported, as some members of this receptor family were found to be differentially expressed depending on the malignancy degree. Our results clearly point out important molecular differences between different tumor stages and suggest that more studies are needed to understand specific molecular events characteristic of each stage. These types of studies represent a first step to deepen into the tumor physiology, which may potentially help for better and a more precise diagnosis of gliomas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Javier Margareto
- LEIA Foundation, Pharmaceutical Development Unit, Leonardo de Vinci, 11; Alava Technologic Park, 01510 Miñano, Alava, Spain.
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Mabrouk GM, Ali EMM, El-Rehany MA, El-Samoly HM. TGF-beta1, TNF-alpha and cytochrome c in human astrocytic tumors: a short-term follow up and correlation with survival. Clin Biochem 2006; 40:255-60. [PMID: 17070791 DOI: 10.1016/j.clinbiochem.2006.09.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2006] [Revised: 08/30/2006] [Accepted: 09/06/2006] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To evaluate the association of signals of apoptosis namely, TGF-beta1, TNF-alpha and cytochrome c release in cytoplasm with survival rate to determine the potential use of such parameters as predictive markers for patients with astrocytomas. DESIGN AND METHODS We measured TGF-beta1, TNF-alpha and cytoplasmic cytochrome c in 30 astrocytic tumors Grade II, III and IV. RESULTS We found that TNF-alpha and cytochrome c release in Grade IV tends to be significantly lower than those in Grade II, whereas TGF-beta1 did not significantly change in the different grades. Patients with astrocytic tumors having elevated cytochrome c showed a better survival rate compared to those with less release. There is neither a correlation shown between TNF-alpha and cytochrome c release nor between TNF-alpha and patient survival. TGF-beta1 was positively correlated with cytochrome c release. Patients showing such correlation had increased survival rate over 18 months follow up period. CONCLUSION These data suggest that TGF-beta1 and cytochrome c may be useful prognostic markers that help patients' stratification and in adjusting the disciplines of therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gamal M Mabrouk
- Oncology Diagnostic Unit, Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt.
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Wilms G, Demaerel P, Sunaert S. Intra-axial brain tumours. Eur Radiol 2004; 15:468-84. [PMID: 15627192 DOI: 10.1007/s00330-004-2555-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2004] [Revised: 10/11/2004] [Accepted: 10/14/2004] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
The radiological diagnosis and differential diagnosis of intra-axial tumours no longer relies on CT scan and routine MR sequences alone. Standard multiplanar imaging has to be combined with fMRI to allow the exact anatomic location of the lesion and precise determination of the extension of the tumour. Perfusion and diffusion MR is becoming more and more important in the differential diagnosis of cerebral mass lesions and in the grading and typing of gliomas. More sophisticated techniques such as diffusion tensor imaging and spectroscopy will further enhance the value of the radiological studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Wilms
- Department of Radiology, U.Z. Gasthuisberg, Herestraat 49, 3000, Leuven, Belgium.
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