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Johnson JB, Mani JS, Broszczak D, Prasad SS, Ekanayake CP, Strappe P, Valeris P, Naiker M. Hitting the sweet spot: A systematic review of the bioactivity and health benefits of phenolic glycosides from medicinally used plants. Phytother Res 2021; 35:3484-3508. [PMID: 33615599 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.7042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2020] [Revised: 01/24/2021] [Accepted: 01/25/2021] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Phenolic acid and flavonoid glycosides form a varied class of naturally occurring compounds, characterised by high polarity-resulting from the glycone moiety-and the presence of multiple phenol functionalities, which often leads to strong antioxidant activity. Phenolic glycosides, and in particular flavonoid glycosides, may possess strong bioactive properties with broad spectrum activity. This systematic literature review provides a detailed overview of 28 studies examining the biological activity of phenolic and flavonoid glycosides from plant sources, highlighting the potential of these compounds as therapeutic agents. The activity of glycosides depends upon the biological activity type, identity of the aglycone and the identity and specific location of the glycone moiety. From studies reporting the activity of both glycosides and their respective aglycones, phenolic glycosides appear to generally be a storage/reserve pool of precursors of more bioactive compounds. The glycosylated compounds are likely to be more bioavailable compared to their aglycone forms, due to the presence of the sugar moieties. Hydrolysis of the glycoside in the in vivo environment would release the free aglycone, potentiating their biological activity. However, further high-quality studies are needed to firmly establish the clinical efficacy of glycosides from many of the plant species studied.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joel B Johnson
- School of Health, Medical and Applied Sciences, CQUniversity, North Rockhampton, Queensland, Australia.,Centre for Indigenous Health Equity Research, CQUniversity, North Rockhampton, Queensland, Australia
| | - Janice S Mani
- School of Health, Medical and Applied Sciences, CQUniversity, North Rockhampton, Queensland, Australia.,Centre for Indigenous Health Equity Research, CQUniversity, North Rockhampton, Queensland, Australia
| | - Daniel Broszczak
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Shirtika S Prasad
- Faculty of Science, Technology and Engineering, The University of the South Pacific, Suva, Fiji
| | - Charitha P Ekanayake
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Applied Sciences, University of Sri Jayewardenepura, Nugegoda, Sri Lanka
| | - Padraig Strappe
- School of Health, Medical and Applied Sciences, CQUniversity, North Rockhampton, Queensland, Australia
| | - Peter Valeris
- Shimadzu Scientific Instruments (Oceania) Pty Ltd, Rydalmere, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Mani Naiker
- School of Health, Medical and Applied Sciences, CQUniversity, North Rockhampton, Queensland, Australia.,Centre for Indigenous Health Equity Research, CQUniversity, North Rockhampton, Queensland, Australia
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1H-NMR metabolomics reveals a multitarget action of Crithmum maritimum ethyl acetate extract in inhibiting hepatocellular carcinoma cell growth. Sci Rep 2021; 11:1259. [PMID: 33441568 PMCID: PMC7806899 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-78867-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2020] [Accepted: 11/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is nowadays the sixth cause of tumour-related deceases worldwide, estimated to become the third in Western countries by 2030. New drugs for HCC treatment still have many adverse effects. Several lines of evidence indicate that plant metabolites offer concrete opportunities for developing new therapeutic strategies for many diseases, including cancer. We previously reported that ethyl acetate extract of a spontaneous edible plant harvested in Apulia, Crithmum maritimum, significantly inhibited cell growth in HCC cells. By 1H-NMR spectroscopy, here we show that Crithmum maritimum ethyl acetate extract counteracts the Warburg effect, by reducing intracellular lactate, inhibits protein anabolism, by decreasing amino acid level, and affects membrane biosynthesis by lowering choline and phosphocholine. Also, we observed an effect on lipid homeostasis, with a reduction in triglycerides, cholesterol, monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFA), and diunsaturated fatty acids (DUFA), and an increase in polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA). Taken together, these data demonstrate that Crithmum maritimum-induced cytostasis is exerted through a multi-effect action, targeting key metabolic processes in HCC cells. Overall, our findings highlight the role of Crithmum maritimum as a promising tool for the prevention and the improvement of the therapeutic options for HCC and other types of tumours.
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Roy G, Guan S, Liu H, Zhang L. Rotundic Acid Induces DNA Damage and Cell Death in Hepatocellular Carcinoma Through AKT/mTOR and MAPK Pathways. Front Oncol 2019; 9:545. [PMID: 31293977 PMCID: PMC6606729 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2019.00545] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2019] [Accepted: 06/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the fourth largest cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide with limited therapeutic interventions. Renewed interest in natural products as drug leads has resulted in a paradigm shift toward the rapid screening of medicinal plants for the discovery of new chemical entities. Rotundic acid (RA), a plant-derived triterpenoid, has been anecdotally reported to possess anti-inflammatory and cardio-protective abilities. The present study highlights the anti-cancer efficacy of RA on HCC in vitro and in vivo. The inhibitory effects of RA on HCC cell viability was determined by MTT. Soft agar colony formation and clonogenic assays also showed that RA inhibited HCC cell proliferation. Flow cytometry, confocal, and western blot results further indicated that RA induced cell cycle arrest, DNA damage, and apoptosis by modulating the AKT/mTOR and MAPK pathways. Besides the suppression of migration and invasion, tube formation and VEGF-ELISA revealed the anti-angiogenic abilities of RA on HCC. Moreover, RA also inhibited tumor growth in a HepG2 xenograft mouse model. To our best knowledge, this is the first extensive study of the anticancer activity of RA on HCC. The results demonstrate that RA could be a potential drug candidate for HCC treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gaurab Roy
- School of Biology and Biological Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Su Guan
- School of Biology and Biological Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hexiang Liu
- School of Biology and Biological Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lei Zhang
- School of Biology and Biological Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Provincial Engineering and Technological Centre for Biopharmaceuticals, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
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Simithy J, Fuanta NR, Alturki M, Hobrath JV, Wahba AE, Pina I, Rath J, Hamann MT, DeRuiter J, Goodwin DC, Calderón AI. Slow-Binding Inhibition of Mycobacterium tuberculosis Shikimate Kinase by Manzamine Alkaloids. Biochemistry 2018; 57:4923-4933. [PMID: 30063132 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biochem.8b00231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Tuberculosis represents a significant public health crisis. There is an urgent need for novel molecular scaffolds against this pathogen. We screened a small library of marine-derived compounds against shikimate kinase from Mycobacterium tuberculosis ( MtSK), a promising target for antitubercular drug development. Six manzamines previously shown to be active against M. tuberculosis were characterized as MtSK inhibitors: manzamine A (1), 8-hydroxymanzamine A (2), manzamine E (3), manzamine F (4), 6-deoxymanzamine X (5), and 6-cyclohexamidomanzamine A (6). All six showed mixed noncompetitive inhibition of MtSK. The lowest KI values were obtained for 6 across all MtSK-substrate complexes. Time-dependent analyses revealed two-step, slow-binding inhibition. The behavior of 1 was typical; initial formation of an enzyme-inhibitor complex (EI) obeyed an apparent KI of ∼30 μM with forward ( k5) and reverse ( k6) rate constants for isomerization to an EI* complex of 0.18 and 0.08 min-1, respectively. In contrast, 6 showed a lower KI for the initial encounter complex (∼1.5 μM), substantially faster isomerization to EI* ( k5 = 0.91 min-1), and slower back conversion of EI* to EI ( k6 = 0.04 min-1). Thus, the overall inhibition constants, KI*, for 1 and 6 were 10 and 0.06 μM, respectively. These findings were consistent with docking predictions of a favorable binding mode and a second, less tightly bound pose for 6 at MtSK. Our results suggest that manzamines, in particular 6, constitute a new scaffold from which drug candidates with novel mechanisms of action could be designed for the treatment of tuberculosis by targeting MtSK.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johayra Simithy
- Department of Drug Discovery and Development, Harrison School of Pharmacy , Auburn University , 4306 Walker Building , Auburn , Alabama 36849 , United States
| | - Ngolui Rene Fuanta
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry , Auburn University , 179 Chemistry Building , Auburn , Alabama 36849 , United States
| | - Mansour Alturki
- Department of Drug Discovery and Development, Harrison School of Pharmacy , Auburn University , 4306 Walker Building , Auburn , Alabama 36849 , United States
| | - Judith V Hobrath
- Department of Chemistry , University of Alabama at Birmingham , Birmingham , Alabama 35294 , United States
| | - Amir E Wahba
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science , Damietta University , Damietta , Egypt
| | - Ivett Pina
- Departments of Drug Discovery & Biomedical Sciences and Public Health, Colleges of Pharmacy and Medicine , The Medical University of South Carolina , 70 President Street, MSP 139 , Charleston , South Carolina 29425 , United States
| | - Jnanendra Rath
- Department of Botany , Visva-Bharati University , Santiniketan , West Bengal 731235 , India
| | - Mark T Hamann
- Departments of Drug Discovery & Biomedical Sciences and Public Health, Colleges of Pharmacy and Medicine , The Medical University of South Carolina , 70 President Street, MSP 139 , Charleston , South Carolina 29425 , United States
| | - Jack DeRuiter
- Department of Drug Discovery and Development, Harrison School of Pharmacy , Auburn University , 4306 Walker Building , Auburn , Alabama 36849 , United States
| | - Douglas C Goodwin
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry , Auburn University , 179 Chemistry Building , Auburn , Alabama 36849 , United States
| | - Angela I Calderón
- Department of Drug Discovery and Development, Harrison School of Pharmacy , Auburn University , 4306 Walker Building , Auburn , Alabama 36849 , United States
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Ahmad R, Ahmad N, Naqvi AA, Shehzad A, Al-Ghamdi MS. Role of traditional Islamic and Arabic plants in cancer therapy. J Tradit Complement Med 2017; 7:195-204. [PMID: 28417090 PMCID: PMC5388086 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtcme.2016.05.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2016] [Revised: 04/18/2016] [Accepted: 05/02/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
ETHNO PHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE This review article underlines individual Traditional Islamic and Arabic plant (TAI) and their role in treating cancer. The aim of the study is to specifically evaluate the progress of herbs, Arabic and Islamic traditional herbs in particular, applied in cancer treatment, so far. MATERIALS AND METHODS Islamic and Arabic plants were selected and identified through different literature survey using "Google scholar", "Web of science", "Scopus" and "PubMed". Each plant, from identified Arabic and Islamic plants list, was search individually for the most cited articles in the aforementioned databases using the keywords, "Anticancer", "Uses in cancer treatment", "Ethno pharmacological importance in cancer" etc. RESULTS The current review about Islamic and Arabic plants illuminates the importance of Islamic and Arabic plants and their impact in treating cancer. There is a long list of Islamic and Arabic plants used in cancer as mentioned in review with enormous amount of literature. Each plant has been investigated for its anticancer potential. The literature survey as mentioned in table shows; these plants are widely utilized in cancer as a whole, a part thereof or in the form of isolated chemical constituent. CONCLUSIONS This review strongly supports the fact; Arabic and Islamic traditional plants have emerged as a good source of complementary and alternative medicine in treating cancer. Traditional Arab-Islamic herbal-based medicines might be promising for new cancer therapeutics with low toxicity and minimal side effects. The plants used are mostly in crude form and still needs advance research for the isolation of phytochemicals and establishing its cellular and molecular role in treating cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rizwan Ahmad
- Natural Products and Alternative Medicines, College of Clinical Pharmacy, University of Dammam, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| | - Niyaz Ahmad
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Clinical Pharmacy, University of Dammam, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| | - Atta Abbas Naqvi
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, College of Clinical Pharmacy, University of Dammam, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| | - Adeeb Shehzad
- Department of Biomedical Engineering and Sciences, School of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering, National University of Sciences and Technology, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Mastour Safer Al-Ghamdi
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Clinical Pharmacy, University of Dammam, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
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Fatima A, Abdul ABH, Abdullah R, Karjiban RA, Lee VS. Binding mode analysis of zerumbone to key signal proteins in the tumor necrosis factor pathway. Int J Mol Sci 2015; 16:2747-66. [PMID: 25629232 PMCID: PMC4346863 DOI: 10.3390/ijms16022747] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2014] [Accepted: 01/07/2015] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer is the second most common cancer among women worldwide. Several signaling pathways have been implicated as causative and progression agents. The tumor necrosis factor (TNF) α protein plays a dual role in promoting and inhibiting cancer depending largely on the pathway initiated by the binding of the protein to its receptor. Zerumbone, an active constituent of Zingiber zerumbet, Smith, is known to act on the tumor necrosis factor pathway upregulating tumour necrosis factor related apoptosis inducing ligand (TRAIL) death receptors and inducing apoptosis in cancer cells. Zerumbone is a sesquiterpene that is able to penetrate into the hydrophobic pockets of proteins to exert its inhibiting activity with several proteins. We found a good binding with the tumor necrosis factor, kinase κB (IKKβ) and the Nuclear factor κB (NF-κB) component proteins along the TNF pathway. Our results suggest that zerumbone can exert its apoptotic activities by inhibiting the cytoplasmic proteins. It inhibits the IKKβ kinase that activates the NF-κB and also binds to the NF-κB complex in the TNF pathway. Blocking both proteins can lead to inhibition of cell proliferating proteins to be downregulated and possibly ultimate induction of apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayesha Fatima
- UPM-MAKNA Cancer Research Laboratory, Institute of Biosciences, University Putra Malaysia, 43400 Serdang, Malaysia.
| | - Ahmad Bustamam Hj Abdul
- UPM-MAKNA Cancer Research Laboratory, Institute of Biosciences, University Putra Malaysia, 43400 Serdang, Malaysia.
| | - Rasedee Abdullah
- UPM-MAKNA Cancer Research Laboratory, Institute of Biosciences, University Putra Malaysia, 43400 Serdang, Malaysia.
| | - Roghayeh Abedi Karjiban
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University Putra Malaysia, 43400 Serdang, Malaysia.
| | - Vannajan Sanghiran Lee
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University Malaya, Petaling Jaya, 50603 Selangor, Malaysia.
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Seriniquinone, a selective anticancer agent, induces cell death by autophagocytosis, targeting the cancer-protective protein dermcidin. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2014; 111:14687-92. [PMID: 25271322 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1410932111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Natural products continue to provide vital treatment options for cancer. Although their translation into chemotherapeutics is complex, collaborative programs continue to deliver productive pipelines for cancer chemotherapy. A new natural product, seriniquinone, isolated from a marine bacterium of the genus Serinicoccus, demonstrated potent activity over a select set of tumor cell lines with particular selectivity toward melanoma cell lines. Upon entering the cell, its journey began by localization into the endoplasmic reticulum. Within 3 h, cells treated with seriniquinone underwent cell death marked by activation of autophagocytosis and gradually terminated through a caspase-9 apoptotic pathway. Using an immunoaffinity approach followed by multipoint validation, we identified the target of seriniquinone as the small protein, dermcidin. Combined, these findings revealed a small molecule motif in parallel with its therapeutic target, whose potential in cancer therapy may be significant. This discovery defines a new pharmacophore that displayed selective activity toward a distinct set of cell lines, predominantly melanoma, within the NCI 60 panel. This selectivity, along with the ease in medicinal chemical modification, provides a key opportunity to design and evaluate new treatments for those cancers that rely on dermcidin activity. Further, the use of dermcidin as a patient preselection biomarker may accelerate the development of more effective personalized treatments.
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Iqbal HA, Feng Z, Brady SF. Biocatalysts and small molecule products from metagenomic studies. Curr Opin Chem Biol 2012; 16:109-16. [PMID: 22455793 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpa.2012.02.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2012] [Revised: 02/14/2012] [Accepted: 02/14/2012] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The vast majority of bacteria present in environmental samples have never been cultured and therefore have not been exploited for the ability to produce useful biocatalysts or collections of biocatalysts generating interesting small molecules. Metagenomic libraries constructed using DNA extracted directly from natural bacterial communities offer access to the genetic information present in the genomes of these as yet uncultured bacteria. This review highlights recent efforts to recover both discrete enzymes and small molecules from metagenomic libraries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hala A Iqbal
- Laboratory of Genetically Encoded Small Molecules, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, The Rockefeller University, 1230 York Avenue, New York, NY 10065, United States
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Zaid H, Silbermann M, Ben-Arye E, Saad B. Greco-arab and islamic herbal-derived anticancer modalities: from tradition to molecular mechanisms. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE : ECAM 2011; 2012:349040. [PMID: 22203868 PMCID: PMC3235667 DOI: 10.1155/2012/349040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2011] [Accepted: 09/26/2011] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
The incidence of cancer is increasing in the developed countries and even more so in developing countries parallel to the increase in life expectancy. In recent years, clinicians and researchers advocate the need to include supportive and palliative care since the establishment of the diagnosis and throughout the duration of treatment, with the goal of improving patients' quality of life. This patient-centered approach in supportive care is also shared by various traditional and complementary medicine approaches. Traditional Arab-Islamic medicine offers a variety of therapeutic modalities that include herbal, nutritional, and spiritual approaches. Physicians and scholars, such as Avicenna (980-1037), Rhazes (965-915), Al Zahrawi (936-1013), and Ibn al Nafis (1218-1288) referred to cancer etiology in various medicinal texts and suggested both preventive and therapeutic remedies to alleviate suffering. This review presents research data related to the anticancer activities of herbs used in Arab-Islamic medicine and allude to their potential role in improving the quality of life of cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hilal Zaid
- Qasemi Research Center, Al-Qasemi Academy, P.O. Box 124, Baqa El-Gharbia 30100, Israel
- Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Arab American University Jenin, P.O. Box 240, Jenin, Palestine
| | - Michael Silbermann
- Technion—Israel Institute of Technology, Middle East Cancer Consortium, Haifa, Israel
| | - Eran Ben-Arye
- Integrative Oncology Program, The Oncology Service, Lin Medical Center, Clalit Health Services, Western Galilee District, Haifa, Israel
- Complementary and Traditional Medicine Unit, Department of Family Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel and Clalit Health Services, Western Galilee District, Haifa, Israel
| | - Bashar Saad
- Qasemi Research Center, Al-Qasemi Academy, P.O. Box 124, Baqa El-Gharbia 30100, Israel
- Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Arab American University Jenin, P.O. Box 240, Jenin, Palestine
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Ito T, Odake T, Katoh H, Yamaguchi Y, Aoki M. High-throughput profiling of microbial extracts. JOURNAL OF NATURAL PRODUCTS 2011; 74:983-988. [PMID: 21495658 DOI: 10.1021/np100859a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
Microbial culture extracts are used for natural products screening in the drug lead discovery process. An extract of a microbial culture is a complex mixture of organic compounds, making it difficult to evaluate the diversity and redundancy of the compounds. However, having a diverse extract library is a key to success in generating a lead for drug discovery. We have developed a high-throughput and robust LC-MS analysis and data processing method for visualizing sample profile and diversity. In the LC-MS analysis of 16 025 microbial culture extracts, positive and negative ions were acquired simultaneously with an electrospray ionization source. The raw data were processed using ACD IntelliXtract, and peak lists of each extract were generated and stored in the database. The peak list data were binned by nominal mass (m/z 150-1350) and retention time. How frequently the binned peaks, termed peak identifiers, appeared in the extracts library was calculated, and these data were visualized by scattered plots in Spotfire. From 4 to 115 peaks were observed in each sample. As it is easy to eliminate the ubiquitous peaks shown in most samples and simplify the plots, the unique or redundant compounds could be detected.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tatsuya Ito
- Discovery Science & Technology Department, Chugai Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., 200 Kajiwara, Kamakura, Kanagawa 247-8530 Japan.
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Prasad S, Yadav VR, Kannappan R, Aggarwal BB. Ursolic acid, a pentacyclin triterpene, potentiates TRAIL-induced apoptosis through p53-independent up-regulation of death receptors: evidence for the role of reactive oxygen species and JNK. J Biol Chem 2011; 286:5546-57. [PMID: 21156789 PMCID: PMC3037668 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m110.183699] [Citation(s) in RCA: 100] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2010] [Revised: 11/17/2010] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Discovery of the molecular targets of traditional medicine and its chemical footprints can validate the use of such medicine. In the present report, we investigated the effect of ursolic acid (UA), a pentacyclic triterpenoid found in rosemary and holy basil, on apoptosis induced by TRAIL. We found that UA potentiated TRAIL-induced apoptosis in cancer cells. In addition, UA also sensitized TRAIL-resistant cancer cells to the cytokine. When we investigated the mechanism, we found that UA down-regulated cell survival proteins and induced the cell surface expression of both TRAIL receptors, death receptors 4 and 5 (DR4 and -5). Induction of receptors by UA occurred independently of cell type. Gene silencing of either receptor by small interfering RNA reduced the apoptosis induced by UA and the effect of TRAIL. In addition, UA also decreased the expression of decoy receptor 2 (DcR2) but not DcR1. Induction of DRs was independent of p53 because UA induced DR4 and DR5 in HCT116 p53(-/-) cells. Induction of DRs, however, was dependent on JNK because UA induced JNK, and its pharmacologic inhibition abolished the induction of the receptors. The down-regulation of survival proteins and up-regulation of the DRs required reactive oxygen species (ROS) because UA induced ROS, and its quenching abolished the effect of the terpene. Also, potentiation of TRAIL-induced apoptosis by UA was significantly reduced by both ROS quenchers and JNK inhibitor. In addition, UA was also found to induce the expression of DRs, down-regulate cell survival proteins, and activate JNK in orthotopically implanted human colorectal cancer in a nude mouse model. Overall, our results showed that UA potentiates TRAIL-induced apoptosis through activation of ROS and JNK-mediated up-regulation of DRs and down-regulation of DcR2 and cell survival proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sahdeo Prasad
- From the Cytokine Research Laboratory, Department of Experimental Therapeutics, University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas 77030
| | - Vivek R. Yadav
- From the Cytokine Research Laboratory, Department of Experimental Therapeutics, University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas 77030
| | - Ramaswamy Kannappan
- From the Cytokine Research Laboratory, Department of Experimental Therapeutics, University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas 77030
| | - Bharat B. Aggarwal
- From the Cytokine Research Laboratory, Department of Experimental Therapeutics, University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas 77030
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Varma A, Padh H, Shrivastava N. Andrographolide: a new plant-derived antineoplastic entity on horizon. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2011; 2011:815390. [PMID: 19752167 PMCID: PMC3139959 DOI: 10.1093/ecam/nep135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2009] [Accepted: 08/05/2009] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Plant-derived natural products occupy an important position in the area of cancer chemotherapy. Molecules such as vincristine, vinblastine, paclitaxel, camptothecin derivatives, epipodophyllotoxin, and so forth, are invaluable contributions of nature to modern medicine. However, the quest to find out novel therapeutic compounds for cancer treatment and management is a never-ending venture; and diverse plant species are persistently being studied for identification of prospective anticancer agents. In this regard, Andrographis paniculata Nees, a well-known plant of Indian and Chinese traditional system of medicines, has drawn attention of researchers in recent times. Andrographolide, the principal bioactive chemical constituent of the plant has shown credible anticancer potential in various investigations around the globe. In vitro studies demonstrate the capability of the compound of inducing cell-cycle arrest and apoptosis in a variety of cancer cells at different concentrations. Andrographolide also shows potent immunomodulatory and anti-angiogenic activities in tumorous tissues. Synthetic analogues of the compound have also been created and analyzed, which have also shown similar activities. Although it is too early to predict its future in cancer chemotherapy, the prologue strongly recommends further research on this molecule to assess its potential as a prospective anticancer agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Astha Varma
- B. V. Patel Pharmaceutical Education & Research Development (PERD) Centre, Sarkhej-Gandhinagar Highway, Thaltej, Ahmedabad 380054, Gujarat, India
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Dong L, Schill H, Grange R, Porzelle A, Johns J, Parsons P, Gordon V, Reddell P, Williams C. Anticancer Agents from the Australian Tropical Rainforest: Spiroacetals EBC-23, 24, 25, 72, 73, 75 and 76. Chemistry 2009; 15:11307-18. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.200901525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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14
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Williams GJ, Gantt RW, Thorson JS. The impact of enzyme engineering upon natural product glycodiversification. Curr Opin Chem Biol 2009; 12:556-64. [PMID: 18678278 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpa.2008.07.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2008] [Accepted: 07/07/2008] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Glycodiversification of natural products is an effective strategy for small molecule drug development. Recently, improved methods for chemo-enzymatic synthesis of glycosyl donors has spurred the characterization of natural product glycosyltransferases (GTs), revealing that the substrate specificity of many naturally occurring GTs as too stringent for use in glycodiversification. Protein engineering of natural product GTs has emerged as an attractive approach to overcome this limitation. This review highlights recent progress in the engineering/evolution of enzymes relevant to natural product glycodiversification with a particular focus upon GTs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gavin J Williams
- Laboratory for Biosynthetic Chemistry, Pharmaceutical Sciences Division, School of Pharmacy, National Cooperative Drug Discovery Program, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 777 Highland Avenue, Madison, WI 53705, USA
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Hunter WN. Structure-based ligand design and the promise held for antiprotozoan drug discovery. J Biol Chem 2008; 284:11749-53. [PMID: 19103598 PMCID: PMC2673241 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.r800072200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The development of the pharmaceutical industry, driven by progress in
chemistry, biology, and technology, ranks as one of the most successful of
human endeavors. However, serious health problems persist, among which are
diseases caused by protozoan parasites, largely ignored in modern times.
Advances in genomic sciences, molecular and structural biology, and
computational and medicinal chemistry now set the scene for a renewed assault
on such infections. A structure-centric approach to support discovery of
antiparasitic compounds promises much. Current strategies and benefits of a
structure-based approach to support early stage drug discovery will be
described.
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Affiliation(s)
- William N Hunter
- Division of Biological Chemistry and Drug Discovery, College of Life Sciences, University of Dundee, Dow Street, Dundee DD1 5EH, Scotland, United Kingdom.
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