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Willet AH, Turner LA, Park JS, Ren L, Snider CE, Gould KL. Characterization of Pik1 function in fission yeast reveals its conserved role in lipid synthesis and not cytokinesis. J Cell Sci 2023; 136:jcs261415. [PMID: 37815455 PMCID: PMC10629694 DOI: 10.1242/jcs.261415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2023] [Accepted: 09/26/2023] [Indexed: 10/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Phosphatidylinositol (PI)-4-phosphate (PI4P) is a lipid found at the plasma membrane (PM) and Golgi in cells from yeast to humans. PI4P is generated from PI by PI4-kinases and can be converted into PI-4,5-bisphosphate [PI(4,5)P2]. Schizosaccharomyces pombe have two essential PI4-kinases - Stt4 and Pik1. Stt4 localizes to the PM, and its loss from the PM results in a decrease of PM PI4P and PI(4,5)P2. As a result, cells divide non-medially due to disrupted cytokinetic ring-PM anchoring. However, the localization and function of S. pombe Pik1 has not been thoroughly examined. Here, we found that Pik1 localizes exclusively to the trans-Golgi and is required for Golgi PI4P production. We determined that Ncs1 regulates Pik1, but unlike in other organisms, it is not required for Pik1 Golgi localization. When Pik1 function was disrupted, PM PI4P but not PI(4,5)P2 levels were reduced, a major difference compared with Stt4. We conclude that Stt4 is the chief enzyme responsible for producing the PI4P that generates PI(4,5)P2. Also, that cells with disrupted Pik1 do not divide asymmetrically highlights the specific importance of PM PI(4,5)P2 for cytokinetic ring-PM anchoring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alaina H. Willet
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Lesley A. Turner
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Joshua S. Park
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Liping Ren
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Chloe E. Snider
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Kathleen L. Gould
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
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Willet AH, Turner LA, Park JS, Ren L, Snider CE, Gould KL. Characterization of Pik1 function in fission yeast reveals its conserved role in lipid synthesis and not cytokinesis. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.07.24.550375. [PMID: 37546978 PMCID: PMC10402101 DOI: 10.1101/2023.07.24.550375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/08/2023]
Abstract
Phosphatidylinositol (PI)-4-phosphate (PI4P) is a lipid found at the plasma membrane (PM) and Golgi in cells from yeast to humans. PI4P is generated from PI by PI4-kinases and can be converted to PI-4,5-bisphosphate [PI(4,5)P 2 ]. Schizosaccharomyces pombe have 2 essential PI4-kinases: Stt4 and Pik1. Stt4 localizes to the PM and its loss from the PM results in a decrease of PM PI4P and PI(4,5)P 2 . As a result, cells divide non-medially due to disrupted cytokinetic ring-PM anchoring. However, the localization and function of S. pombe Pik1 has not been thoroughly examined. Here, we found that Pik1 localizes exclusively to the trans-Golgi and is required for Golgi PI4P production. We determined that Ncs1 regulates Pik1, but unlike in other organisms, it is not required for Pik1 Golgi localization. When Pik1 function was disrupted, PM PI4P but not PI(4,5)P 2 levels were reduced, a major difference with Stt4. We conclude that Stt4 is the chief enzyme responsible for producing the PI4P that generates PI(4,5)P 2 . Also, that cells with disrupted Pik1 do not divide asymmetrically highlights the specific importance of PM PI(4,5)P 2 for cytokinetic ring-PM anchoring. Summary statement Fission yeast Pik1 localizes exclusively to the trans-Golgi independently of Ncs1, where it contributes to PI4P but not PI(4,5)P 2 synthesis. Pik1 does not affect cytokinesis.
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Rodríguez-Escudero I, Fernández-Acero T, Cid VJ, Molina M. Heterologous mammalian Akt disrupts plasma membrane homeostasis by taking over TORC2 signaling in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Sci Rep 2018; 8:7732. [PMID: 29769614 PMCID: PMC5955888 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-25717-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2018] [Accepted: 04/26/2018] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
The Akt protein kinase is the main transducer of phosphatidylinositol-3,4,5-trisphosphate (PtdIns3,4,5P3) signaling in higher eukaryotes, controlling cell growth, motility, proliferation and survival. By co-expression of mammalian class I phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K) and Akt in the Saccharomyces cerevisiae heterologous model, we previously described an inhibitory effect on yeast growth that relied on Akt kinase activity. Here we report that PI3K-Akt expression in yeast triggers the formation of large plasma membrane (PM) invaginations that were marked by actin patches, enriched in PtdIns4,5P2 and associated to abnormal intracellular cell wall deposits. These effects of Akt were mimicked by overproduction of the PtdIns4,5P2 effector Slm1, an adaptor of the Ypk1 and Ypk2 kinases in the TORC2 pathway. Although Slm1 was phosphorylated in vivo by Akt, TORC2-dependent Ypk1 activation did not occur. However, PI3K-activated Akt suppressed the lethality derived from inactivation of either TORC2 or Ypk protein kinases. Thus, heterologous co-expression of PI3K and Akt in yeast short-circuits PtdIns4,5P2- and TORC2-signaling at the level of the Slm-Ypk complex, overriding some of its functions. Our results underscore the importance of phosphoinositide-dependent kinases as key actors in the homeostasis and dynamics of the PM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isabel Rodríguez-Escudero
- Departamento de Microbiología y Parasitología, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad Complutense de Madrid and Instituto Ramón y Cajal de Investigaciones Sanitarias, Madrid, Spain
| | - Teresa Fernández-Acero
- Departamento de Microbiología y Parasitología, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad Complutense de Madrid and Instituto Ramón y Cajal de Investigaciones Sanitarias, Madrid, Spain
| | - Víctor J Cid
- Departamento de Microbiología y Parasitología, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad Complutense de Madrid and Instituto Ramón y Cajal de Investigaciones Sanitarias, Madrid, Spain.
| | - María Molina
- Departamento de Microbiología y Parasitología, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad Complutense de Madrid and Instituto Ramón y Cajal de Investigaciones Sanitarias, Madrid, Spain
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Heilmann I, Ischebeck T. Male functions and malfunctions: the impact of phosphoinositides on pollen development and pollen tube growth. PLANT REPRODUCTION 2016; 29:3-20. [PMID: 26676144 DOI: 10.1007/s00497-015-0270-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2015] [Accepted: 11/17/2015] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Phosphoinositides in pollen. In angiosperms, sexual reproduction is a series of complex biological events that facilitate the distribution of male generative cells for double fertilization. Angiosperms have no motile gametes, and the distribution units of generative cells are pollen grains, passively mobile desiccated structures, capable of delivering genetic material to compatible flowers over long distances and in an adverse environment. The development of pollen (male gametogenesis) and the formation of a pollen tube after a pollen grain has reached a compatible flower (pollen tube growth) are important aspects of plant developmental biology. In recent years, a wealth of information has been gathered about the molecular control of cell polarity, membrane trafficking and cytoskeletal dynamics underlying these developmental processes. In particular, it has been found that regulatory membrane phospholipids, such as phosphoinositides (PIs), are critical regulatory players, controlling key steps of trafficking and polarization. Characteristic features of PIs are the inositol phosphate headgroups of the lipids, which protrude from the cytosolic surfaces of membranes, enabling specific binding and recruitment of numerous protein partners containing specific PI-binding domains. Such recruitment is globally an early event in polarization processes of eukaryotic cells and also of key importance to pollen development and tube growth. Additionally, PIs serve as precursors of other signaling factors with importance to male gametogenesis. This review highlights the recent advances about the roles of PIs in pollen development and pollen function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ingo Heilmann
- Department of Cellular Biochemistry, Institute for Biochemistry, Martin-Luther-University Halle-Wittenberg, Kurt-Mothes-Str. 3, 06120, Halle (Saale), Germany.
| | - Till Ischebeck
- Department of Plant Biochemistry, Albrecht-von-Haller-Institute for Plant Sciences, Georg-August-University Göttingen, Justus-von-Liebig-Weg 11, 37077, Göttingen, Germany.
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Toth Hervay N, Goffa E, Svrbicka A, Simova Z, Griac P, Jancikova I, Gaskova D, Morvova M, Sikurova L, Gbelska Y. Deletion of the PDR16 gene influences the plasma membrane properties of the yeast Kluyveromyces lactis. Can J Microbiol 2015; 61:273-9. [DOI: 10.1139/cjm-2014-0627] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
The plasma membrane is the first line of cell defense against changes in external environment, thus its integrity and functionality are of utmost importance. The plasma membrane properties depend on both its protein and lipid composition. The PDR16 gene is involved in the control of Kluyveromyces lactis susceptibility to drugs and alkali metal cations. It encodes the homologue of the major K. lactis phosphatidylinositol transfer protein Sec14p. Sec14p participates in protein secretion, regulation of lipid synthesis, and turnover in vivo. We report here that the plasma membrane of the Klpdr16Δ mutant is hyperpolarized and its fluidity is lower than that of the parental strain. In addition, protoplasts prepared from the Klpdr16Δ cells display decreased stability when subjected to hypo-osmotic conditions. These changes in membrane properties lead to an accumulation of radiolabeled fluconazole and lithium cations inside mutant cells. Our results point to the fact that the PDR16 gene of K. lactis (KlPDR16) influences the plasma membrane properties in K. lactis that lead to subsequent changes in susceptibility to a broad range of xenobiotics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nora Toth Hervay
- Comenius University in Bratislava, Department of Microbiology and Virology, Mlynska dolina B-2, 842 15 Bratislava, Slovak Republic
| | - Eduard Goffa
- Institute of Animal Biochemistry and Genetics, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Moyzesova 61, 900 28 Ivanka pri Dunaji, Slovak Republic
| | - Alexandra Svrbicka
- Comenius University in Bratislava, Department of Microbiology and Virology, Mlynska dolina B-2, 842 15 Bratislava, Slovak Republic
| | - Zuzana Simova
- Institute of Animal Biochemistry and Genetics, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Moyzesova 61, 900 28 Ivanka pri Dunaji, Slovak Republic
| | - Peter Griac
- Institute of Animal Biochemistry and Genetics, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Moyzesova 61, 900 28 Ivanka pri Dunaji, Slovak Republic
| | - Iva Jancikova
- Institute of Physics, Charles University, Ke Karlovu 5, 121 16 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Dana Gaskova
- Institute of Physics, Charles University, Ke Karlovu 5, 121 16 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Marcela Morvova
- Comenius University in Bratislava, Department of Nuclear Physics and Biophysics, FMPI, Mlynska dolina, 842 48 Bratislava, Slovak Republic
| | - Libusa Sikurova
- Comenius University in Bratislava, Department of Nuclear Physics and Biophysics, FMPI, Mlynska dolina, 842 48 Bratislava, Slovak Republic
| | - Yvetta Gbelska
- Comenius University in Bratislava, Department of Microbiology and Virology, Mlynska dolina B-2, 842 15 Bratislava, Slovak Republic
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Culakova H, Dzugasova V, Perzelova J, Gbelska Y, Subik J. Mutation of the CgPDR16 gene attenuates azole tolerance and biofilm production in pathogenic Candida glabrata. Yeast 2013; 30:403-14. [PMID: 23939632 DOI: 10.1002/yea.2978] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2013] [Revised: 07/23/2013] [Accepted: 08/07/2013] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
The PDR16 gene encodes the homologue of Sec14p, participating in protein secretion, regulation of lipid synthesis and turnover in vivo and acting as a phosphatidylinositol transfer protein in vitro. This gene is also involved in the regulation of multidrug resistance in Saccharomyces cerevisiae and pathogenic yeasts. Here we report the results of functional analysis of the CgPDR16 gene, whose mutation has been previously shown to enhance fluconazole sensitivity in Candida glabrata mutant cells. We have cloned the CgPDR16 gene, which was able to complement the pdr16Δ mutation in both C. glabrata and S. cerevisiae. Along with fluconazole, the pdr16Δ mutation resulted in increased susceptibility of mutant cells to several azole antifungals without changes in sensitivity to polyene antibiotics, cycloheximide, NQO, 5-fluorocytosine and oxidants inducing the intracellular formation of reactive oxygen species. The susceptibility of the pdr16Δ mutant strain to itraconazole and 5-fluorocytosine was enhanced by CTBT [7-chlorotetrazolo(5,1-c)benzo(1,2,4)triazine] inducing oxidative stress. The pdr16Δ mutation increased the accumulation of rhodamine 6G in mutant cells, decreased the level of itraconazole resistance caused by gain-of-function mutations in the CgPDR1 gene, and reduced cell surface hydrophobicity and biofilm production. These results point to the pleiotropic phenotype of the pdr16Δ mutant and support the role of the CgPDR16 gene in the control of drug susceptibility and virulence in the pathogenic C. glabrata.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hana Culakova
- Department of Microbiology and Virology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Comenius University in Bratislava, 842 15, Bratislava, Slovak Republic
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