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Truong AT, Youn SY, Yoo MS, Lim JY, Yoon SS, Cho YS. Genotyping of Coxiella burnetii from Cattle by Multispacer Sequence Typing and Multiple Locus Variable Number of Tandem Repeat Analysis in the Republic of Korea. Genes (Basel) 2022; 13:1927. [PMID: 36360164 PMCID: PMC9689931 DOI: 10.3390/genes13111927] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2022] [Revised: 10/19/2022] [Accepted: 10/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Genotyping of Coxiella burnetii using multispacer sequence typing (MST) and multiple locus variable number tandem repeat analysis (MLVA) was conducted from infected animals for the first time in the Republic of Korea. C. burnetii was detected by real-time PCR, and followed by MST and MLVA genotyping. The result showed that detected C. burnetii all had the same MLVA genotype, 6-13-2-7-9-10 for markers MS23-MS24-MS27-MS28-MS33-MS34, respectively, and genotype group 61 for MST. The same genotypes were previously identified in Poland. Importantly, this MLVA type was detected in humans in France, suggesting that the Korean strain can also potentially cause Q fever in humans. MST and MLVA were very useful tools for analyzing the molecular epidemiology of C. burnetii and helpful for interpreting the epidemiological relationship between isolates from domestic and international resources.
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Affiliation(s)
- A-Tai Truong
- Parasitic and Honeybee Disease Laboratory, Bacterial Disease Division, Department of Animal & Plant Health Research, Animal and Plant Quarantine Agency, 177 Hyeoksin 8-ro, Gimcheon-si 39660, Gyeongsangbuk-do, Korea
- Faculty of Biotechnology, Thai Nguyen University of Sciences, Thai Nguyen 250000, Vietnam
| | - So Youn Youn
- Parasitic and Honeybee Disease Laboratory, Bacterial Disease Division, Department of Animal & Plant Health Research, Animal and Plant Quarantine Agency, 177 Hyeoksin 8-ro, Gimcheon-si 39660, Gyeongsangbuk-do, Korea
| | - Mi-Sun Yoo
- Parasitic and Honeybee Disease Laboratory, Bacterial Disease Division, Department of Animal & Plant Health Research, Animal and Plant Quarantine Agency, 177 Hyeoksin 8-ro, Gimcheon-si 39660, Gyeongsangbuk-do, Korea
| | - Ji-Yeon Lim
- Parasitic and Honeybee Disease Laboratory, Bacterial Disease Division, Department of Animal & Plant Health Research, Animal and Plant Quarantine Agency, 177 Hyeoksin 8-ro, Gimcheon-si 39660, Gyeongsangbuk-do, Korea
| | - Soon-Seek Yoon
- Parasitic and Honeybee Disease Laboratory, Bacterial Disease Division, Department of Animal & Plant Health Research, Animal and Plant Quarantine Agency, 177 Hyeoksin 8-ro, Gimcheon-si 39660, Gyeongsangbuk-do, Korea
| | - Yun Sang Cho
- Parasitic and Honeybee Disease Laboratory, Bacterial Disease Division, Department of Animal & Plant Health Research, Animal and Plant Quarantine Agency, 177 Hyeoksin 8-ro, Gimcheon-si 39660, Gyeongsangbuk-do, Korea
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Ozgen EK, Kilicoglu Y, Yanmaz B, Ozmen M, Ulucan M, Serifoglu Bagatir P, Karadeniz Putur E, Ormanci S, Okumus B, Iba Yilmaz S, Karasahin O, Aslan MH, Ozturk M, Birinci A, Bilgin K, Tanriverdi Cayci Y, Tanyel E. Molecular epidemiology of Coxiella burnetii detected in humans and domestic ruminants in Turkey. Vet Microbiol 2022; 273:109519. [DOI: 10.1016/j.vetmic.2022.109519] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2021] [Revised: 05/13/2022] [Accepted: 07/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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CoxBase: an Online Platform for Epidemiological Surveillance, Visualization, Analysis, and Typing of Coxiella burnetii Genomic Sequences. mSystems 2021; 6:e0040321. [PMID: 34931882 PMCID: PMC8691191 DOI: 10.1128/msystems.00403-21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Q (query) fever is an infectious zoonotic disease caused by the Gram-negative bacterium Coxiella burnetii. Although the disease has been studied for decades, it still represents a threat due to sporadic outbreaks across farms in Europe. The absence of a central platform for Coxiella typing data management is an important epidemiological gap that is relevant in the case of an outbreak. To fill this gap, we have designed and implemented an online, open-source, web-based platform called CoxBase (https://coxbase.q-gaps.de). This platform includes a database that holds genotyping information on more than 400 Coxiella isolates alongside metadata that annotate them. We have also implemented features for in silico genotyping of completely or minimally assembled Coxiella sequences using five different typing methods, querying of existing isolates, visualization of isolate geodata via aggregation on a world map, and submission of new isolates. We tested our in silico typing method on 50 Coxiella genomes downloaded from the RefSeq database, and we successfully genotyped all genomes except for cases where the sequence quality was poor. We identified new spacer sequences using our implementation of the multispacer sequence typing (MST) in silico typing method and established adaA gene phenotypes for all 50 genomes as well as their plasmid types. IMPORTANCE Q fever is a zoonotic disease that is a source of active epidemiological concern due to its persistent threat to public health. In this project, we have identified areas in the field of Coxiella research, especially regarding public health and genomic analysis, where there is an inadequacy of resources to monitor, organize, and analyze genomic data from C. burnetii. Subsequently, we have created an open, web-based platform that contains epidemiological information, genome typing functions comprising all the available Coxiella typing methods, and tools for isolate data discovery and visualization that could help address the above-mentioned challenges. This is the first platform to combine all disparate genotyping systems for Coxiella burnetii as well as metadata assets with tools for genomic comparison and analyses. This platform is a valuable resource for laboratory researchers as well as research epidemiologists interested in investigating the relatedness or dissimilarity among C. burnetii strains.
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Di Domenico M, Curini V, Di Lollo V, Massimini M, Di Gialleonardo L, Franco A, Caprioli A, Battisti A, Cammà C. Genetic diversity of Coxiella burnetii in domestic ruminants in central Italy. BMC Vet Res 2018; 14:171. [PMID: 29843709 PMCID: PMC5975477 DOI: 10.1186/s12917-018-1499-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2018] [Accepted: 05/22/2018] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Background As the epidemiology of human Q Fever generally reflects the spread of Coxiella burnetii in ruminant livestock, molecular characterization of strains is essential to prevent human outbreaks. In this study we report the genetic diversity of C. burnetii in central Italy accomplished by MST and MLVA-6 on biological samples from 20 goat, sheep and cow farms. Results Five MST and ten MLVA profiles emerged from the analysis establishing a part of C. burnetii strain world atlas. In particular, ST32 occurred on 12 farms (60%), prevalently in goat specimens, while ST12 (25%) was detected on 4 sheep and 1 goat samples. ST8 and a variant of this genotype were described on 2 different sheep farms, whereas ST55 was observed on a goat farm. Five complete MLVA profiles different from any other published genotypes were described in this study in addition to 15 MLVA incomplete panels. Despite this, polymorphic markers Ms23, Ms24 and Ms33 enabled the identification of samples sharing the same MST profile. Conclusions Integration of such data in international databases can be of further help in the attempt of building a global phylogeny and epidemiology of Q fever in animals, with a “One Health” perspective.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Di Domenico
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale dell'Abruzzo e del Molise "G. Caporale", Campo Boario, 64100, Teramo, Italy.
| | - V Curini
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale dell'Abruzzo e del Molise "G. Caporale", Campo Boario, 64100, Teramo, Italy
| | - V Di Lollo
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale dell'Abruzzo e del Molise "G. Caporale", Campo Boario, 64100, Teramo, Italy
| | - M Massimini
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale dell'Abruzzo e del Molise "G. Caporale", Campo Boario, 64100, Teramo, Italy
| | - L Di Gialleonardo
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale dell'Abruzzo e del Molise "G. Caporale", Campo Boario, 64100, Teramo, Italy
| | - A Franco
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale del Lazio e della Toscana "M. Aleandri", Via Appia Nuova 1411, 00178, Roma, Italy
| | - A Caprioli
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale del Lazio e della Toscana "M. Aleandri", Via Appia Nuova 1411, 00178, Roma, Italy
| | - A Battisti
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale del Lazio e della Toscana "M. Aleandri", Via Appia Nuova 1411, 00178, Roma, Italy
| | - C Cammà
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale dell'Abruzzo e del Molise "G. Caporale", Campo Boario, 64100, Teramo, Italy
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Mori M, Mertens K, Cutler SJ, Santos AS. Critical Aspects for Detection of Coxiella burnetii. Vector Borne Zoonotic Dis 2017; 17:33-41. [PMID: 28055578 DOI: 10.1089/vbz.2016.1958] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Coxiella burnetii is a globally distributed zoonotic γ-proteobacterium with an obligatory intracellular lifestyle. It is the causative agent of Q fever in humans and of coxiellosis among ruminants, although the agent is also detected in ticks, birds, and various other mammalian species. Requirements for intracellular multiplication together with the necessity for biosafety level 3 facilities restrict the cultivation of C. burnetii to specialized laboratories. Development of a novel medium formulation enabling axenic growth of C. burnetii has facilitated fundamental genetic studies. This review provides critical insights into direct diagnostic methods currently available for C. burnetii. It encompasses molecular detection methods, isolation, and propagation of the bacteria and its genetic characterization. Differentiation of C. burnetii from Coxiella-like organisms is an essential diagnostic prerequisite, particularly when handling and analyzing ticks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcella Mori
- 1 Bacterial Zoonoses of Livestock, Operational Directorate Bacterial Diseases, Veterinary and Agrochemical Research Centre, CODA-CERVA , Brussels, Belgium .,2 Belgian Reference Centre for Coxiella burnetii and Bartonella , Brussels, Belgium
| | - Katja Mertens
- 3 Friedrich-Loeffler-Institut, Federal Research Institute for Animal Health, Institute for Bacterial Infections and Zoonoses , Jena, Germany
| | | | - Ana Sofia Santos
- 5 Centre for Vector and Infectious Diseases Research, National Institute of Health Doutor Ricardo Jorge , Águas de Moura, Portugal
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Environmental sampling coupled with real-time PCR and genotyping to investigate the source of a Q fever outbreak in a work setting. Epidemiol Infect 2017; 145:1834-1842. [DOI: 10.1017/s0950268817000796] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
SUMMARYA Q fever outbreak was declared in February 2016 in a company that manufactures hoists and chains and therefore with no apparent occupational-associated risk. Coxiella burnetii infection was diagnosed by serology in eight of the 29 workers of the company; seven of them had fever or flu-like signs and five had pneumonia, one requiring hospitalisation. A further case of C. burnetii pneumonia was diagnosed in a local resident. Real-time PCR (RTi–PCR) showed a widespread distribution of C. burnetii DNA in dust samples collected from the plant facilities, thus confirming the exposure of workers to the infection inside the factory. Epidemiological investigations identified a goat flock with high C. burnetii seroprevalence and active shedding which was owned and managed by one of the workers of the company as possible source of infection. Genotyping by multispacer sequence typing (MST) and a 10-loci single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) discrimination using RTi–PCR identified the same genotype (MST18 and SNP type 8, respectively) in the farm and the factory. These results confirmed the link between the goat farm and the outbreak and allowed the identification of the source of infection. The circumstances and possible vehicles for the bacteria entering the factory are discussed.
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Touré M, Petersen PT, Bathily SN, Sanogo D, Wang CW, Schiøler KL, Konradsen F, Doumbia S, Alifrangis M. Molecular Evidence of Malaria and Zoonotic Diseases Among Rapid Diagnostic Test-Negative Febrile Patients in Low-Transmission Season, Mali. Am J Trop Med Hyg 2016; 96:335-337. [PMID: 27821696 DOI: 10.4269/ajtmh.16-0700] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2016] [Accepted: 09/30/2016] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
From November to December 2012 in Sélingué-Mali, blood samples from 88 febrile patients who tested negative by malaria Paracheck® rapid diagnostic tests (RDTs) were used to assess the presence of sub-RDT Plasmodium falciparum as well as Borrelia, Coxiella burnetii, and Babesia applying molecular tools. Plasmodium sp. was present among 57 (60.2%) of the 88 malaria RDT-negative patients, whereas the prevalence of Borrelia, C. burnetii, and Babesia were 3.4% (N = 3), 1.1% (N = 1), and 0.0%, respectively. The additional diagnostic use of polymerase chain reaction (PCR) identified a high proportion of Plasmodium sp.-positive samples and although this may be a concern for malaria control, the respective PCR-identified malaria infections were less likely responsible for the observed fevers given the low parasite density. Also, the low infection levels of Borrelia and C. burnetii and lack of Babesia among the febrile patients call for further studies to assess the causes of fever among malaria RDT-negative patients in Sélingué.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahamoudou Touré
- Faculte de Medecine et d'Odontostomatologie, Universite des Sciences, Techniques et Technologies, Bamako, Mali.
| | - Pelle T Petersen
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Sidy N'd Bathily
- Faculte de Medecine et d'Odontostomatologie, Universite des Sciences, Techniques et Technologies, Bamako, Mali
| | - Daouda Sanogo
- Faculte de Medecine et d'Odontostomatologie, Universite des Sciences, Techniques et Technologies, Bamako, Mali
| | - Christian W Wang
- Centre for Medical Parasitology, Department of International Health, Immunology and Microbiology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Karin L Schiøler
- Department of International Health, Immunology and Microbiology, Copenhagen School of Global Health, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Flemming Konradsen
- Department of International Health, Immunology and Microbiology, Copenhagen School of Global Health, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Seydou Doumbia
- Faculte de Medecine et d'Odontostomatologie, Universite des Sciences, Techniques et Technologies, Bamako, Mali
| | - Michael Alifrangis
- Centre for Medical Parasitology, Department of International Health, Immunology and Microbiology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
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Di Domenico M, Curini V, De Massis F, Di Provvido A, Scacchia M, Cammà C. Coxiella burnetii in central Italy: novel genotypes are circulating in cattle and goats. Vector Borne Zoonotic Dis 2016; 14:710-5. [PMID: 25325314 DOI: 10.1089/vbz.2014.1587] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Genotyping of bacteria is critical for diagnosis, treatment, and epidemiological surveillance. Coxiella burnetii, the etiological agent of Q fever, has been recognized to have a potential for bioterrorism purposes. Because few serosurveys have been conducted in Italy, there is still limited information about the distribution of this pathogen in natural conditions. In this paper, we describe the genotyping of C. burnetii strains by multispacer sequence typing (MST) detected in cattle and goat farms in the Abruzzi region of Italy. Biological samples (milk, aborted fetus) positive for C. burnetii DNA were sequenced in the spacer regions and compared with those already publicly available ( http://ifr48.timone.univ-mrs.fr/MST_Coxiella/mst/group_detail ). The MST profile of C. burnetii detected in milk samples demonstrated the presence of a new allele, whereas the C. burnetii spacer sequences from fetus and milk goat samples displayed a new allelic combination. The results suggest the circulation of novel genotypes of C. burnetii in Italy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco Di Domenico
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale dell'Abruzzo e del Molise "G. Caporale" , Campo Boario, Teramo, Italy
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Kersh GJ, Priestley RA, Hornstra HM, Self JS, Fitzpatrick KA, Biggerstaff BJ, Keim P, Pearson T, Massung RF. Genotyping and Axenic Growth of Coxiella burnetii Isolates Found in the United States Environment. Vector Borne Zoonotic Dis 2016; 16:588-94. [PMID: 27304166 DOI: 10.1089/vbz.2016.1972] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Coxiella burnetii is a gram-negative bacterium that is the etiologic agent of the zoonotic disease Q fever. Common reservoirs of C. burnetii include sheep, goats, and cattle. These animals shed C. burnetii into the environment, and humans are infected by inhalation of aerosols. A survey of 1622 environmental samples taken across the United States in 2006-2008 found that 23.8% of the samples contained C. burnetii DNA. To identify the strains circulating in the U.S. environment, DNA from these environmental samples was genotyped using an SNP-based approach to derive sequence types (ST) that are also compatible with multispacer sequence typing methods. Three different sequence types were observed in 31 samples taken from 19 locations. ST8 was associated with goats and ST20 with dairy cattle. ST16/26 was detected in locations with exposure to various animals and also in locations with no direct animal contact. Viable isolates were obtained for all three sequence types, but only the ST20 and ST16/26 isolates grew in acidified citrate cysteine medium (ACCM)-2 axenic media. Examination of a variety of isolates with different sequence types showed that ST8 and closely related isolates did not grow in ACCM-2. These results suggest that a limited number of C. burnetii sequence types are circulating in the U.S. environment and these strains have close associations with specific reservoir species. Growth in ACCM-2 may not be suitable for isolation of many C. burnetii strains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gilbert J Kersh
- 1 Rickettsial Zoonoses Branch, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention , Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Rachael A Priestley
- 1 Rickettsial Zoonoses Branch, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention , Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Heidie M Hornstra
- 2 Center for Microbial Genetics and Genomics, Northern Arizona University , Flagstaff, Arizona
| | - Joshua S Self
- 1 Rickettsial Zoonoses Branch, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention , Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Kelly A Fitzpatrick
- 1 Rickettsial Zoonoses Branch, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention , Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Brad J Biggerstaff
- 3 Division of Vector-Borne Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention , Ft. Collins, Colorado
| | - Paul Keim
- 2 Center for Microbial Genetics and Genomics, Northern Arizona University , Flagstaff, Arizona
| | - Talima Pearson
- 2 Center for Microbial Genetics and Genomics, Northern Arizona University , Flagstaff, Arizona
| | - Robert F Massung
- 1 Rickettsial Zoonoses Branch, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention , Atlanta, Georgia
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Fujishiro MA, Scorza AV, Gookin JL, Lappin MR. Evaluation of associations among Coxiella burnetii and reproductive abnormalities in cats. J Feline Med Surg 2016; 18:344-7. [PMID: 25944579 PMCID: PMC11112245 DOI: 10.1177/1098612x15584693] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Coxiella burnetii is an obligate intracellular bacterium that is found worldwide, is associated or suggested to be associated with reproductive abnormalities in a number of species including cats, and is the cause of Q fever in humans. In a previous study, C burnetii DNA was amplified from the uterine tissues of 8.5% of client-owned cats in the USA but reproductive history was unknown and histopathological examination was not performed. In this study, uterine tissues of 26 normal cats and 11 cats with histopathological evidence of uterine disease or other reproductive abnormalities were evaluated for the presence of C burnetii. METHODS A PCR assay that amplifies the repetitive transposon-like region (Trans 1 and 2) and a PCR assay that amplifies the IS-1111-insertion sequence (IS-1111) were optimised and applied to the DNA extracts. The sensitivity threshold of both PCR assays was 12 pg/µl. Positive samples were evaluated for the presence of the organism using immunohistochemistry performed on paraffin-embedded tissue. RESULTS Amplicons of the expected size developed in three samples (one from a cat with reproductive abnormalities) in the IS-1111 assay; however, there was not enough DNA for sequence analysis. Immunohistochemical analysis was used to further evaluate these three samples and was negative for C burnetii. While C burnetii could not be confirmed by sequence analysis or immunohistochemistry, the PCR positive prevalence rate (8.1%) was similar to that published previously. CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE Biosafety precautions should be taken when working with cats that are aborting or parturient. Further research should be performed to evaluate the role that C burnetii may play in reproductive abnormalities in cats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Madeline A Fujishiro
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, USA
| | - Andrea V Scorza
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, USA
| | - Jody L Gookin
- North Carolina State University, College of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Clinical Sciences, Raleigh, NC, USA
| | - Michael R Lappin
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, USA
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Prigent M, Rousset E, Yang E, Thiéry R, Sidi-Boumedine K. Validation study for using lab-on-chip technology for Coxiella burnetii multi-locus-VNTR-analysis (MLVA) typing: application for studying genotypic diversity of strains from domestic ruminants in France. Microbes Infect 2015; 17:782-8. [PMID: 26482502 DOI: 10.1016/j.micinf.2015.09.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2015] [Revised: 09/23/2015] [Accepted: 09/24/2015] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Coxiella burnetii, the etiologic bacterium of Q fever zoonosis, is still difficult to control. Ruminants are often carriers and involved in human epidemics. MLVA is a promising genotyping method for molecular epidemiology. Different techniques are used to resolve the MLVA band profiles such as electrophoresis on agarose gels, capillary electrophoresis or using the microfluidic Lab-on-Chip system. In this study, system based on microfluidics electrophoresis with Lab-on-Chip technology was assessed and applied on DNA field samples to investigate the genotypic diversity of C. burnetii strains circulating in France. The Lab-on-Chip technology was first compared to agarose gel electrophoresis. Subsequently, the set-up Lab-on-Chip technology was applied on 97 samples collected from ruminants in France using the 17 markers previously described. A discordance rate of 27% was observed between Lab-on-Chip and agarose gel electrophoresis. These discrepancies were checked and resolved by sequencing. The cluster analysis revealed classification based on host species and/or geographic origin criteria. Moreover, the circulation of different genotypic strains within the same farm was also observed. In this study, MLVA with Lab-on-Chip technology was shown to be more accurate, reproducible, user friendly and safer than gel electrophoresis. It also provides an extended data set from French ruminant C. burnetii circulating strains useful for epidemiological investigations. Finally, it raises some questions regarding the standardization and harmonization of C. burnetii MLVA genotyping.
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Affiliation(s)
- Myriam Prigent
- Anses, Sophia-Antipolis Laboratory, Animal Q Fever Unit, Sophia-Antipolis, France.
| | - Elodie Rousset
- Anses, Sophia-Antipolis Laboratory, Animal Q Fever Unit, Sophia-Antipolis, France
| | - Elise Yang
- Anses, Sophia-Antipolis Laboratory, Animal Q Fever Unit, Sophia-Antipolis, France
| | - Richard Thiéry
- Anses, Sophia-Antipolis Laboratory, Animal Q Fever Unit, Sophia-Antipolis, France
| | - Karim Sidi-Boumedine
- Anses, Sophia-Antipolis Laboratory, Animal Q Fever Unit, Sophia-Antipolis, France
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Frangoulidis D, Walter MC, Antwerpen M, Zimmermann P, Janowetz B, Alex M, Böttcher J, Henning K, Hilbert A, Ganter M, Runge M, Münsterkötter M, Splettstoesser WD, Hanczaruk M. Molecular analysis of Coxiella burnetii in Germany reveals evolution of unique clonal clusters. Int J Med Microbiol 2014; 304:868-76. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijmm.2014.06.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
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13
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Sulyok KM, Kreizinger Z, Hornstra HM, Pearson T, Szigeti A, Dán Á, Balla E, Keim PS, Gyuranecz M. Genotyping of Coxiella burnetii from domestic ruminants and human in Hungary: indication of various genotypes. BMC Vet Res 2014; 10:107. [PMID: 24885415 PMCID: PMC4016735 DOI: 10.1186/1746-6148-10-107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2014] [Accepted: 04/28/2014] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Information about the genotypic characteristic of Coxiella burnetii from Hungary is lacking. The aim of this study is to describe the genetic diversity of C. burnetii in Hungary and compare genotypes with those found elsewhere. A total of 12 samples: (cattle, n = 6, sheep, n = 5 and human, n = 1) collected from across Hungary were studied by a 10-loci multispacer sequence typing (MST) and 6-loci multiple-locus variable-number of tandem repeat analysis (MLVA). Phylogenetic relationships among MST genotypes show how these Hungarian samples are related to others collected around the world. RESULTS Three MST genotypes were identified: sequence type (ST) 20 has also been identified in ruminants from other European countries and the USA, ST28 was previously identified in Kazakhstan, and the proposed ST37 is novel. All MST genotypes yielded different MLVA genotypes and three different MLVA genotypes were identified within ST20 samples alone. Two novel MLVA types 0-9-5-5-6-2 (AG) and 0-8-4-5-6-2 (AF) (Ms23-Ms24-Ms27-Ms28-Ms33-Ms34) were defined in the ovine materials correlated with ST28 and ST37. Samples from different parts of the phylogenetic tree were associated with different hosts, suggesting host-specific adaptations. CONCLUSIONS Even with the limited number of samples analysed, this study revealed high genetic diversity among C. burnetii in Hungary. Understanding the background genetic diversity will be essential in identifying and controlling outbreaks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kinga M Sulyok
- Institute for Veterinary Medical Research, Centre for Agricultural Research, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Budapest, Hungária körút 21 1143, Hungary
| | - Zsuzsa Kreizinger
- Institute for Veterinary Medical Research, Centre for Agricultural Research, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Budapest, Hungária körút 21 1143, Hungary
| | - Heidie M Hornstra
- Center for Microbial Genetics and Genomics, Northern Arizona University, 1298 S. Knoles Drive Flagstaff, AZ 86011-4073, USA
| | - Talima Pearson
- Center for Microbial Genetics and Genomics, Northern Arizona University, 1298 S. Knoles Drive Flagstaff, AZ 86011-4073, USA
| | - Alexandra Szigeti
- Institute for Veterinary Medical Research, Centre for Agricultural Research, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Budapest, Hungária körút 21 1143, Hungary
| | - Ádám Dán
- Veterinary Diagnostic Directorate, National Food Chain Safety Office, Budapest, Tábornok utca 2 1143, Hungary
| | - Eszter Balla
- National Center for Epidemiology, Budapest, Gyáli út 2-6 1097, Hungary
| | - Paul S Keim
- Center for Microbial Genetics and Genomics, Northern Arizona University, 1298 S. Knoles Drive Flagstaff, AZ 86011-4073, USA
| | - Miklós Gyuranecz
- Institute for Veterinary Medical Research, Centre for Agricultural Research, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Budapest, Hungária körút 21 1143, Hungary
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Frangoulidis D, Splettstoesser WD, Landt O, Dehnhardt J, Henning K, Hilbert A, Bauer T, Antwerpen M, Meyer H, Walter MC, Knobloch JKM. Microevolution of the chromosomal region of acute disease antigen A (adaA) in the query (Q) fever agent Coxiella burnetii. PLoS One 2013; 8:e53440. [PMID: 23301072 PMCID: PMC3536764 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0053440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2012] [Accepted: 11/28/2012] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
The acute disease antigen A (adaA) gene is believed to be associated with Coxiella burnetii strains causing acute Q fever. The detailed analysis of the adaA genomic region of 23 human- and 86 animal-derived C. burnetii isolates presented in this study reveals a much more polymorphic appearance and distribution of the adaA gene, resulting in a classification of C. burnetii strains of better differentiation than previously anticipated. Three different genomic variants of the adaA gene were identified which could be detected in isolates from acute and chronic patients, rendering the association of adaA positive strains with acute Q fever disease disputable. In addition, all adaA positive strains in humans and animals showed the occurrence of the QpH1 plasmid. All adaA positive isolates of acute human patients except one showed a distinct SNP variation at position 431, also predominant in sheep strains, which correlates well with the observation that sheep are a major source of human infection. Furthermore, the phylogenetic analysis of the adaA gene revealed three deletion events and supported the hypothesis that strain Dugway 5J108-111 might be the ancestor of all known C. burnetii strains. Based on our findings, we could confirm the QpDV group and we were able to define a new genotypic cluster. The adaA gene polymorphisms shown here improve molecular typing of Q fever, and give new insights into microevolutionary adaption processes in C. burnetii.
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