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Cavedon M, vonHoldt B, Hebblewhite M, Hegel T, Heppenheimer E, Hervieux D, Mariani S, Schwantje H, Steenweg R, Theoret J, Watters M, Musiani M. Genomic legacy of migration in endangered caribou. PLoS Genet 2022; 18:e1009974. [PMID: 35143486 PMCID: PMC8830729 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pgen.1009974] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2021] [Accepted: 12/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Wide-ranging animals, including migratory species, are significantly threatened by the effects of habitat fragmentation and habitat loss. In the case of terrestrial mammals, this results in nearly a quarter of species being at risk of extinction. Caribou are one such example of a wide-ranging, migratory, terrestrial, and endangered mammal. In populations of caribou, the proportion of individuals considered as "migrants" can vary dramatically. There is therefore a possibility that, under the condition that migratory behavior is genetically determined, those individuals or populations that are migratory will be further impacted by humans, and this impact could result in the permanent loss of the migratory trait in some populations. However, genetic determination of migration has not previously been studied in an endangered terrestrial mammal. We examined migratory behavior of 139 GPS-collared endangered caribou in western North America and carried out genomic scans for the same individuals. Here we determine a genetic subdivision of caribou into a Northern and a Southern genetic cluster. We also detect >50 SNPs associated with migratory behavior, which are in genes with hypothesized roles in determining migration in other organisms. Furthermore, we determine that propensity to migrate depends upon the proportion of ancestry in individual caribou, and thus on the evolutionary history of its migratory and sedentary subspecies. If, as we report, migratory behavior is influenced by genes, caribou could be further impacted by the loss of the migratory trait in some isolated populations already at low numbers. Our results indicating an ancestral genetic component also suggest that the migratory trait and their associated genetic mutations could not be easily re-established when lost in a population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Cavedon
- Faculty of Environmental Design, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Bridgett vonHoldt
- Department of Ecology & Evolutionary Biology, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey, United States of America
| | - Mark Hebblewhite
- Wildlife Biology Program, Department of Ecosystem and Conservation Sciences, College of Forestry and Conservation, University of Montana, Missoula, Montana, United States of America
| | - Troy Hegel
- Yukon Department of Environment, Whitehorse, Yukon, Canada
| | - Elizabeth Heppenheimer
- Department of Ecology & Evolutionary Biology, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey, United States of America
| | - Dave Hervieux
- Fish and Wildlife Stewardship Branch, Alberta Environment and Parks, Grande Prairie, Alberta, Canada
| | - Stefano Mariani
- School of Natural Sciences and Psychology, Liverpool John Moores University, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - Helen Schwantje
- Wildlife and Habitat Branch, Ministry of Forests, Lands, Natural Resource Operations and Rural Development, Government of British Columbia, Nanaimo, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Robin Steenweg
- Pacific Region, Canadian Wildlife Service, Environment and Climate Change Canada, Delta, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Jessica Theoret
- Faculty of Environmental Design, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Megan Watters
- Land and Resource Specialist, Fort St. John, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Marco Musiani
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science and Veterinary Medicine (Joint Appointment), University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
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Ishikawa A, Kitano J. Diversity in reproductive seasonality in the three-spined stickleback, Gasterosteus aculeatus. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2020; 223:223/Suppl_1/jeb208975. [PMID: 32034046 DOI: 10.1242/jeb.208975] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
The annual timing of reproduction is a key life history trait with a large effect on fitness. Populations often vary in the timing and duration of reproduction to adapt to different seasonality of ecological and environmental variables between habitats. However, little is known about the molecular genetic mechanisms underlying interpopulation variation in reproductive seasonality. Here, we demonstrate that the three-spined stickleback (Gasterosteus aculeatus) is a good model for molecular genetic analysis of variations in reproductive seasonality. We first compiled data on reproductive seasons of diverse ecotypes, covering marine-anadromous, lake and stream ecotypes, of three-spined stickleback inhabiting a wide range of latitudes. Our analysis showed that both ecotype and latitude significantly contribute to variation in reproductive seasons. Stream ecotypes tend to start breeding earlier and end later than other ecotypes. Populations from lower latitudes tend to start breeding earlier than those from higher latitudes in all three ecotypes. Additionally, stream ecotypes tend to have extended breeding seasons at lower latitudes than at higher latitudes, leading to nearly year-round reproduction in the most southern stream populations. A review of recent progress in our understanding of the physiological mechanisms underlying seasonal reproduction in the three-spined stickleback indicates that photoperiod is an important external cue that stimulates and/or suppresses reproduction in this species. Taking advantage of genomic tools available for this species, the three-spined stickleback will be a good model to investigate what kinds of genes and mutations underlie variations in the physiological signalling pathways that regulate reproduction in response to photoperiod.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asano Ishikawa
- Ecological Genetics Laboratory, National Institute of Genetics, Yata 1111, Mishima, Shizuoka 411-8540, Japan .,Department of Genetics, Graduate University for Advanced Studies (SOKENDAI), Yata 1111, Mishima, Shizuoka 411-8540, Japan
| | - Jun Kitano
- Ecological Genetics Laboratory, National Institute of Genetics, Yata 1111, Mishima, Shizuoka 411-8540, Japan.,Department of Genetics, Graduate University for Advanced Studies (SOKENDAI), Yata 1111, Mishima, Shizuoka 411-8540, Japan
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Garamszegi LZ, Donald J, Francis CD, Fuxjager MJ, Goymann W, Hau M, Husak JF, Johnson MA, Kircher B, Knapp R, Martin LB, Miller ET, Schoenle LA, Vitousek MN, Williams TD. Species-Specific Means and Within-Species Variance in Glucocorticoid Hormones and Speciation Rates in Birds. Integr Comp Biol 2018; 58:763-776. [PMID: 30011006 DOI: 10.1093/icb/icy086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
At macroevolutionary scales, stress physiology may have consequences for species diversification and subspecies richness. Populations that exploit new resources or undergo range expansion should cope with new environmental challenges, which could favor higher mean stress responses. Within-species variation in the stress response may also play a role in mediating the speciation process: in species with broad variation, there will always be some individuals that can tolerate an unpredictable environment, whereas in species with narrow variation there will be fewer individuals that are able to thrive in a new ecological niche. We tested for the evolutionary relationship between stress response, speciation rate, and subspecies richness in birds by relying on the HormoneBase repository, from which we calculated within- and among-species variation in baseline (BL) and stress-induced (SI) corticosterone levels. To estimate speciation rates, we applied Bayesian analysis of macroevolutionary mixtures that can account for variation in diversification rate among clades and through time. Contrary to our predictions, lineages with higher diversification rates were not characterized by higher BL or SI levels of corticosterone either at the tips or at the deeper nodes of the phylogeny. We also found no association between mean hormone levels and subspecies richness. Within-species variance in corticosterone levels showed close to zero repeatability, thus it is highly unlikely that this is a species-specific trait that influences diversification rates. These results imply that stress physiology may play a minor, if any, role in determining speciation rates in birds.
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Affiliation(s)
- László Zsolt Garamszegi
- Department of Evolutionary Ecology, Estación Biológica de Doñana-CSIC, c/Americo Vespucio, 26, 41092 Seville, Spain.,MTA-ELTE Theoretical Biology and Evolutionary Ecology Research Group, Department of Plant Systematics, Ecology and Theoretical Biology, Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest H-1117, Hungary
| | - Jeremy Donald
- Coates Library, Trinity University, San Antonio, TX 78212, USA
| | - Clinton D Francis
- Biological Sciences Department, California Polytechnic State University, San Luis Obispo, CA 93407, USA
| | - Matthew J Fuxjager
- Department of Biology, Wake Forest University, Winston-Salem, NC 27109, USA
| | | | - Michaela Hau
- Max Planck Institute for Ornithology, Seewiesen 82319, Germany.,University of Konstanz, Konstanz 78464, Germany
| | - Jerry F Husak
- Department of Biology, University of St. Thomas, St. Paul, MN 55105, USA
| | - Michele A Johnson
- Department of Biology, Trinity University, San Antonio, TX 78212, USA
| | - Bonnie Kircher
- Department of Biology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32608, USA
| | - Rosemary Knapp
- Department of Biology, University of Oklahoma, Norman, OK 73019, USA
| | - Lynn B Martin
- Department of Global Health, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL 33620, USA
| | | | - Laura A Schoenle
- Department of Biological Sciences, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA 24061, USA
| | - Maren N Vitousek
- Cornell Lab of Ornithology, Ithaca, NY 14850, USA.,Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA
| | - Tony D Williams
- Department of Biological Sciences, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, British Columbia, V5A 1S6, Canada
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Di Poi C, Bélanger D, Amyot M, Rogers S, Aubin-Horth N. Receptors rather than signals change in expression in four physiological regulatory networks during evolutionary divergence in threespine stickleback. Mol Ecol 2016; 25:3416-27. [DOI: 10.1111/mec.13690] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2016] [Revised: 04/13/2016] [Accepted: 05/02/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Carole Di Poi
- Département de Biologie & Institut de Biologie Intégrative et des Systèmes (IBIS); Université Laval; Québec Quebec Canada, G1V 0A6
| | - Dominic Bélanger
- Département de Sciences Biologiques; Université de Montréal; Montréal Quebec Canada H3C 3J7
| | - Marc Amyot
- Département de Sciences Biologiques; Université de Montréal; Montréal Quebec Canada H3C 3J7
| | - Sean Rogers
- Department of Biological Sciences; University of Calgary; Calgary Alberta Canada T2N 1N4
| | - Nadia Aubin-Horth
- Département de Biologie & Institut de Biologie Intégrative et des Systèmes (IBIS); Université Laval; Québec Quebec Canada, G1V 0A6
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Polimanti R, Simonelli I, Zappasodi F, Ventriglia M, Pellicciari MC, Benussi L, Squitti R, Rossini PM, Tecchio F. Biological factors and age-dependence of primary motor cortex experimental plasticity. Neurol Sci 2015; 37:211-8. [PMID: 26445942 DOI: 10.1007/s10072-015-2388-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2015] [Accepted: 09/25/2015] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
To evaluate whether the age-dependence of brain plasticity correlates with the levels of proteins involved in hormone and brain functions we executed a paired associative stimulation (PAS) protocol and blood tests. We measured the PAS-induced plasticity in the primary motor cortex. Blood levels of the brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), estradiol, the insulin-like growth factor (IGF)-1, the insulin-like growth factor binding protein (IGFBP)-3, progesterone, sex hormone-binding globulin (SHBG), testosterone, and the transforming growth factor beta 1 (TGF-β1) were determined in 15 healthy men and 20 healthy women. We observed an age-related reduction of PAS-induced plasticity in females that it is not present in males. In females, PAS-induced plasticity displayed a correlation with testosterone (p = 0.006) that became a trend after the adjustment for the age effect (p = 0.078). In males, IGF-1 showed a nominally significant correlation with the PAS-induced plasticity (p = 0.043). In conclusion, we observed that hormone blood levels (testosterone in females and IGF-1 in males) may be involved in the age-dependence of brain plasticity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renato Polimanti
- Department of Biology, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", Rome, Italy
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, West Haven, CT, USA
| | - Ilaria Simonelli
- Department of Imaging and Neurodegeneration Laboratory, IRCCS San Raffaele Pisana, Rome, Italy
- Medical Statistics and Information Technology and Department of Neuroscience, Fatebenefratelli Foundation, AFaR Division, Fatebenefratelli Hospital-Isola Tiberina, Rome, Italy
| | - Filippo Zappasodi
- Department of Neuroscience, Imaging and Clinical Sciences, University "G. d'Annunzio", Chieti, Italy
- Institute of Advanced Biomedical Technologies, University "G. d'Annunzio", Chieti, Italy
| | - Mariacarla Ventriglia
- Medical Statistics and Information Technology and Department of Neuroscience, Fatebenefratelli Foundation, AFaR Division, Fatebenefratelli Hospital-Isola Tiberina, Rome, Italy
| | - Maria Concetta Pellicciari
- Cognitive Neuroscience Section and Molecular Markers Laboratory, IRCCS Centro San Giovanni di Dio Fatebenefratelli, Brescia, Italy
| | - Luisa Benussi
- Cognitive Neuroscience Section and Molecular Markers Laboratory, IRCCS Centro San Giovanni di Dio Fatebenefratelli, Brescia, Italy
| | - Rosanna Squitti
- Department of Imaging and Neurodegeneration Laboratory, IRCCS San Raffaele Pisana, Rome, Italy
- Medical Statistics and Information Technology and Department of Neuroscience, Fatebenefratelli Foundation, AFaR Division, Fatebenefratelli Hospital-Isola Tiberina, Rome, Italy
| | - Paolo Maria Rossini
- Department of Imaging and Neurodegeneration Laboratory, IRCCS San Raffaele Pisana, Rome, Italy
- Institute of Neurology, Catholic University, Rome, Italy
| | - Franca Tecchio
- Department of Imaging and Neurodegeneration Laboratory, IRCCS San Raffaele Pisana, Rome, Italy.
- Laboratory of Electrophysiology for Translational neuroScience (LET'S), Institute of Cognitive Sciences and Technologies (ISTC), National Research Council (CNR), Rome, Italy.
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