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Pradeep P, Kang H, Lee B. Glycosylation and behavioral symptoms in neurological disorders. Transl Psychiatry 2023; 13:154. [PMID: 37156804 PMCID: PMC10167254 DOI: 10.1038/s41398-023-02446-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2022] [Revised: 04/19/2023] [Accepted: 04/24/2023] [Indexed: 05/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Glycosylation, the addition of glycans or carbohydrates to proteins, lipids, or other glycans, is a complex post-translational modification that plays a crucial role in cellular function. It is estimated that at least half of all mammalian proteins undergo glycosylation, underscoring its importance in the functioning of cells. This is reflected in the fact that a significant portion of the human genome, around 2%, is devoted to encoding enzymes involved in glycosylation. Changes in glycosylation have been linked to various neurological disorders, including Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, autism spectrum disorder, and schizophrenia. Despite its widespread occurrence, the role of glycosylation in the central nervous system remains largely unknown, particularly with regard to its impact on behavioral abnormalities in brain diseases. This review focuses on examining the role of three types of glycosylation: N-glycosylation, O-glycosylation, and O-GlcNAcylation, in the manifestation of behavioral and neurological symptoms in neurodevelopmental, neurodegenerative, and neuropsychiatric disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prajitha Pradeep
- Center for Cognition and Sociality, Institute for Basic Science, Daejeon, 34126, South Korea
- IBS School, University of Science and Technology (UST), Daejeon, 34113, South Korea
| | - Hyeyeon Kang
- Center for Cognition and Sociality, Institute for Basic Science, Daejeon, 34126, South Korea
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Information and Biotechnology, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), Ulsan, 44919, South Korea
| | - Boyoung Lee
- Center for Cognition and Sociality, Institute for Basic Science, Daejeon, 34126, South Korea.
- IBS School, University of Science and Technology (UST), Daejeon, 34113, South Korea.
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Information and Biotechnology, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), Ulsan, 44919, South Korea.
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Sharapov SZ, Tsepilov YA, Klaric L, Mangino M, Thareja G, Shadrina AS, Simurina M, Dagostino C, Dmitrieva J, Vilaj M, Vuckovic F, Pavic T, Stambuk J, Trbojevic-Akmacic I, Kristic J, Simunovic J, Momcilovic A, Campbell H, Doherty M, Dunlop MG, Farrington SM, Pucic-Bakovic M, Gieger C, Allegri M, Louis E, Georges M, Suhre K, Spector T, Williams FMK, Lauc G, Aulchenko YS. Defining the genetic control of human blood plasma N-glycome using genome-wide association study. Hum Mol Genet 2019; 28:2062-2077. [PMID: 31163085 PMCID: PMC6664388 DOI: 10.1093/hmg/ddz054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2018] [Revised: 03/01/2019] [Accepted: 03/06/2019] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Glycosylation is a common post-translational modification of proteins. Glycosylation is associated with a number of human diseases. Defining genetic factors altering glycosylation may provide a basis for novel approaches to diagnostic and pharmaceutical applications. Here we report a genome-wide association study of the human blood plasma N-glycome composition in up to 3811 people measured by Ultra Performance Liquid Chromatography (UPLC) technology. Starting with the 36 original traits measured by UPLC, we computed an additional 77 derived traits leading to a total of 113 glycan traits. We studied associations between these traits and genetic polymorphisms located on human autosomes. We discovered and replicated 12 loci. This allowed us to demonstrate an overlap in genetic control between total plasma protein and IgG glycosylation. The majority of revealed loci contained genes that encode enzymes directly involved in glycosylation (FUT3/FUT6, FUT8, B3GAT1, ST6GAL1, B4GALT1, ST3GAL4, MGAT3 and MGAT5) and a known regulator of plasma protein fucosylation (HNF1A). However, we also found loci that could possibly reflect other more complex aspects of glycosylation process. Functional genomic annotation suggested the role of several genes including DERL3, CHCHD10, TMEM121, IGH and IKZF1. The hypotheses we generated may serve as a starting point for further functional studies in this research area.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sodbo Zh Sharapov
- Institute of Cytology and Genetics SB RAS, Prospekt Lavrentyeva 10, Novosibirsk, Russia
- Novosibirsk State University, 1, Pirogova str., Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Yakov A Tsepilov
- Institute of Cytology and Genetics SB RAS, Prospekt Lavrentyeva 10, Novosibirsk, Russia
- Novosibirsk State University, 1, Pirogova str., Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Lucija Klaric
- MRC Human Genetics Unit, Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Crewe Road South, Edinburgh, UK
- Genos Glycoscience Research Laboratory, Borongajska cesta 83h, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Massimo Mangino
- Department of Twin Research and Genetic Epidemiology, School of Life Course Sciences, King’s College London, St Thomas’ Campus, London, UK
- NIHR Biomedical Research Centre at Guy’s and St Thomas’ Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - Gaurav Thareja
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Weill Cornell Medicine-Qatar, Education City, Doha, Qatar
| | | | - Mirna Simurina
- Faculty of Pharmacy and Biochemistry, University of Zagreb, Ante Kovacica 1, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Concetta Dagostino
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, Via Gramsci 14, Parma, Italy
| | - Julia Dmitrieva
- Unit of Animal Genomics, WELBIO, GIGA-R and Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium
| | - Marija Vilaj
- Genos Glycoscience Research Laboratory, Borongajska cesta 83h, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Frano Vuckovic
- Genos Glycoscience Research Laboratory, Borongajska cesta 83h, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Tamara Pavic
- Faculty of Pharmacy and Biochemistry, University of Zagreb, Ante Kovacica 1, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Jerko Stambuk
- Genos Glycoscience Research Laboratory, Borongajska cesta 83h, Zagreb, Croatia
| | | | - Jasminka Kristic
- Genos Glycoscience Research Laboratory, Borongajska cesta 83h, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Jelena Simunovic
- Genos Glycoscience Research Laboratory, Borongajska cesta 83h, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Ana Momcilovic
- Genos Glycoscience Research Laboratory, Borongajska cesta 83h, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Harry Campbell
- Centre for Global Health Research, Usher Institute of Population Health Sciences and Informatics, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
- Colon Cancer Genetics Group, MRC Human Genetics Unit, MRC Institute of Genetics & Molecular Medicine, Western General Hospital, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Margaret Doherty
- Institute of Technology Sligo, Department of Life Sciences, Sligo, Ireland
- National Institute for Bioprocessing Research & Training, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Malcolm G Dunlop
- Colon Cancer Genetics Group, MRC Human Genetics Unit, MRC Institute of Genetics & Molecular Medicine, Western General Hospital, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Susan M Farrington
- Colon Cancer Genetics Group, MRC Human Genetics Unit, MRC Institute of Genetics & Molecular Medicine, Western General Hospital, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Maja Pucic-Bakovic
- Genos Glycoscience Research Laboratory, Borongajska cesta 83h, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Christian Gieger
- Institute of Epidemiology II, Research Unit of Molecular Epidemiology, Helmholtz Centre Munich, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Ingolstädter Landstr. 1, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Massimo Allegri
- Pain Therapy Department, Policlinico Monza Hospital, Monza, Italy
| | - Edouard Louis
- CHU-Liège and Unit of Gastroenterology, GIGA-R and Faculty of Medicine, University of Liège, 1 Avenue de l’Hôpital, Liège, Belgium
| | - Michel Georges
- Unit of Animal Genomics, WELBIO, GIGA-R and Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium
| | - Karsten Suhre
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Weill Cornell Medicine-Qatar, Education City, Doha, Qatar
| | - Tim Spector
- Department of Twin Research and Genetic Epidemiology, School of Life Course Sciences, King’s College London, St Thomas’ Campus, London, UK
| | - Frances M K Williams
- Department of Twin Research and Genetic Epidemiology, School of Life Course Sciences, King’s College London, St Thomas’ Campus, London, UK
| | - Gordan Lauc
- Genos Glycoscience Research Laboratory, Borongajska cesta 83h, Zagreb, Croatia
- Faculty of Pharmacy and Biochemistry, University of Zagreb, Ante Kovacica 1, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Yurii S Aulchenko
- Institute of Cytology and Genetics SB RAS, Prospekt Lavrentyeva 10, Novosibirsk, Russia
- Novosibirsk State University, 1, Pirogova str., Novosibirsk, Russia
- PolyOmica, Het Vlaggeschip 61, PA 's-Hertogenbosch, The Netherlands
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Clinical diagnostics and therapy monitoring in the congenital disorders of glycosylation. Glycoconj J 2016; 33:345-58. [PMID: 26739145 PMCID: PMC4891361 DOI: 10.1007/s10719-015-9639-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2015] [Revised: 11/03/2015] [Accepted: 11/18/2015] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Abnormal protein glycosylation is observed in many common disorders like cancer, inflammation, Alzheimer’s disease and diabetes. However, the actual use of this information in clinical diagnostics is still very limited. Information is usually derived from analysis of total serum N-glycan profiling methods, whereas the current use of glycoprotein biomarkers in the clinical setting is commonly based on protein levels. It can be envisioned that combining protein levels and their glycan isoforms would increase specificity for early diagnosis and therapy monitoring. To establish diagnostic assays, based on the mass spectrometric analysis of protein-specific glycosylation abnormalities, still many technical improvements have to be made. In addition, clinical validation is equally important as well as an understanding of the genetic and environmental factors that determine the protein-specific glycosylation abnormalities. Important lessons can be learned from the group of monogenic disorders in the glycosylation pathway, the Congenital Disorders of Glycosylation (CDG). Now that more and more genetic defects are being unraveled, we start to learn how genetic factors influence glycomics profiles of individual and total serum proteins. Although only in its initial stages, such studies suggest the importance to establish diagnostic assays for protein-specific glycosylation profiling, and the need to look beyond the single glycoprotein diagnostic test. Here, we review progress in and lessons from genetic disease, and review the increasing opportunities of mass spectrometry to analyze protein glycosylation in the clinical diagnostic setting. Furthermore, we will discuss the possibilities to expand current CDG diagnostics and how this can be used to approach glycoprotein biomarkers for more common diseases.
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