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Valkenier H, Judd LW, Li H, Hussain S, Sheppard DN, Davis AP. Preorganized bis-thioureas as powerful anion carriers: chloride transport by single molecules in large unilamellar vesicles. J Am Chem Soc 2014; 136:12507-12. [PMID: 25122590 DOI: 10.1021/ja507551z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Transmembrane anion carriers (anionophores) have potential in biological research and medicine, provided high activities can be obtained. There is particular interest in treating cystic fibrosis (CF), a genetic illness caused by deficient anion transport. Previous work has found that anionophore designs featuring axial ureas on steroid and trans-decalin scaffolds can be especially effective. Here we show that replacement of ureas by thioureas yields substantial further enhancements. Six new bis-thioureas have been prepared and tested for Cl(-)/NO3(-) exchange in 1-palmitoyl-2-oleoylphosphatidylcholine/cholesterol large unilamellar vesicles (LUVs). The bis-thioureas are typically >10 times more effective than the corresponding ureas and are sufficiently active that transport by molecules acting singly in LUVs is readily detected. The highest activity is shown by decalin 9, which features N-(3,5-bis(trifluoromethyl)phenyl)thioureido and octyl ester substituents. A single molecule of transporter 9 in a 200 nm vesicle promotes Cl(-)/NO3(-) exchange with a half-life of 45 s and an absolute rate of 850 chloride anions per second. Weight-for-weight, this carrier is only slightly less effective than CFTR, the natural anion channel associated with CF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hennie Valkenier
- School of Chemistry, University of Bristol , Cantock's Close, Bristol BS8 4LN, United Kingdom
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Ganesan S, Anitha S, Subbiah A, Rajendran L. Mathematical modeling of a carrier-mediated transport process in a liquid membrane. J Membr Biol 2013; 246:435-42. [PMID: 23670364 DOI: 10.1007/s00232-013-9555-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2012] [Accepted: 04/23/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
An analysis of the reaction diffusion in a carrier-mediated transport process through a membrane is presented. A simple approximate analytical expression of concentration profiles is derived in terms of all dimensionless parameters. Furthermore, in this work we employ the homotopy perturbation method to solve the nonlinear reaction-diffusion equations. Moreover, the analytical results have been compared to the numerical simulation using the Matlab program. The simulated results are comparable with the appropriate theories. The results obtained in this work are valid for the entire solution domain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Subramanian Ganesan
- Department of Mathematics, Syed Ammal Engineering College, Ramanathapuram, Tamil Nadu, India
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Duncan KD, McCauley EPB, Krogh ET, Gill CG. Characterization of a condensed-phase membrane introduction mass spectrometry (CP-MIMS) interface using a methanol acceptor phase coupled with electrospray ionization for the continuous on-line quantitation of polar, low-volatility analytes at trace levels in complex aqueous samples. RAPID COMMUNICATIONS IN MASS SPECTROMETRY : RCM 2011; 25:1141-1151. [PMID: 21488113 DOI: 10.1002/rcm.4967] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
We report the development and application of a capillary hollow fibre membrane interface using methanol as an acceptor phase to deliver target analytes to an electrospray ionization source and a triple quadrupole mass spectrometer. Superior fluid handling systems lead to greater signal stability and membrane integrity for the continuous on-line monitoring of polar and charged analytes in complex aqueous samples with detection limits in the parts-per-trillion to parts-per-billion range. The system can be operated in either a continuous flow or a stopped acceptor flow mode - the latter giving rise to greater sensitivity. We report detection limits, enrichment factors and signal response times for selected analytes with polydimethylsiloxane and Nafion® polymer membrane interfaces. In addition, we demonstrate the use of this interface to detect pharmaceuticals and other contaminants in natural water and artificial urine. The improved sensitivity and analytical response times of our CP-MIMS system make it possible to continuously monitor dynamic chemical systems with temporal resolutions on the order of minutes. Presented is a comparison of the performance of CP-MIMS versus direct infusion electrospray ionization, demonstrating the potential advantages over direct infusion for trace analyte measurements in complex, high ionic strength samples. Furthermore, by continuously flowing a reaction mixture in a closed loop over the interface, we demonstrate the use of the system as an in situ reaction-monitoring platform for the chlorination of a model organic compound in aqueous solution.
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Affiliation(s)
- K D Duncan
- Applied Environmental Research Laboratories (AERL), Department of Chemistry, Vancouver Island University, Nanaimo, British Columbia, Canada
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van Straaten-Nijenhuis WF, de Jong F, Reinhoudt DN. Macrocyclic carriers in supported liquid membranes. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2010. [DOI: 10.1002/recl.19931120602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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McNally BA, Koulov AV, Lambert TN, Smith BD, Joos JB, Sisson AL, Clare JP, Sgarlata V, Judd LW, Magro G, Davis AP. Structure-activity relationships in cholapod anion carriers: enhanced transmembrane chloride transport through substituent tuning. Chemistry 2008; 14:9599-606. [PMID: 18773409 DOI: 10.1002/chem.200801163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 98] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Chloride transport by a series of steroid-based "cholapod" receptors/carriers was studied in vesicles. The principal method involved preincorporation of the cholapods in the vesicle membranes, and the use of lucigenin fluorescence quenching to detect inward-transported Cl-. The results showed a partial correlation between anion affinity and transport activity, in that changes at the steroidal 7 and 12 positions affected both properties in concert. However, changes at the steroidal 3-position yielded irregular effects. Among the new steroids investigated the bis-p-nitrophenylthiourea 3 showed unprecedented activity, giving measurable transport through membranes with a transporter/lipid ratio of 1:250 000 (an average of <2 transporter molecules per vesicle). Increasing transporter lipophilicity had no effect, and positively charged steroids had low activity. The p-nitrophenyl monourea 25 showed modest but significant activity. Measurements using a second method, requiring the addition of transporters to preformed vesicle suspensions, implied that transporter delivery was problematic in some cases. A series of measurements employing membranes of different thicknesses provided further evidence that the cholapods act as mobile anion carriers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beth A McNally
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry and Walther Cancer Research Center, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame IN 46556 (USA)
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Ferraz HC, Duarte LT, Di Luccio M, Alves TLM, Habert AC, Borges CP. Recent achievements in facilitated transport membranes for separation processes. BRAZILIAN JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL ENGINEERING 2007. [DOI: 10.1590/s0104-66322007000100010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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Smith BD, Davis JP, Draffin SP, Duggan PJ. Diffusion NMR Studies of Diol-boronates: Implications for Membrane Transport Carrier Design. Supramol Chem 2006. [DOI: 10.1080/10610270310001610803] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Bradley D. Smith
- a Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry , University of Notre Dame , 46556, Notre Dame, IN, USA
| | - John P. Davis
- a Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry , University of Notre Dame , 46556, Notre Dame, IN, USA
| | - Scott P. Draffin
- b School of Chemistry , Monash University , 3800, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
| | - Peter J. Duggan
- b School of Chemistry , Monash University , 3800, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
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Kudo Y, Imamizo H, Kanamori K, Katsuta S, Takeda Y, Matsuda H. On the facilitating effect of neutral macrocyclic ligands on the ion transfer across the interface between aqueous and organic solutions. J Electroanal Chem (Lausanne) 2001. [DOI: 10.1016/s0022-0728(01)00519-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Naumowicz M, Wencel A, Figaszewski Z. APPLICATION OF ALKYLATED CROWN ETHER DERIVATIVE IN MODIFYING SELECTIVITY OF POLYPROPYLENE MEMBRANES. JOURNAL OF MACROMOLECULAR SCIENCE PART A-PURE AND APPLIED CHEMISTRY 2001. [DOI: 10.1081/ma-100103350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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Szpakowska M, B.Nagy O. Chemical Kinetic Approach To The Mechanism Of Coupled Transport Of Cu(II) Ions Through Bulk Liquid Membranes. J Phys Chem A 1999. [DOI: 10.1021/jp982779t] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- M. Szpakowska
- Pracownia Towaroznawstwa, Wydzial Zarzadzania i Ekonomii, Politechnika Gdanska, ul. Narutowicza 11/12, 80-952 Gdansk, Poland
| | - O. B.Nagy
- Laboratoire de Chimie Organique Physique, Universite Catholique de Louvain, Batiment Lavoisier, Pl. Pasteur 1, 1348 Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium
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Batinić-Haberle I, Spasojević I, Jang Y, Bartsch RA, Crumbliss AL. Lariat Ether Carboxylic Acids as Ionizable Hosts in the Second Coordination Sphere of the Siderophore Ferrioxamine B in Chloroform. Inorg Chem 1998. [DOI: 10.1021/ic970925o] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- I. Batinić-Haberle
- Department of Chemistry, Duke University, Box 90346, Durham, North Carolina 27708-0346, and Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, Texas 79409
| | - I. Spasojević
- Department of Chemistry, Duke University, Box 90346, Durham, North Carolina 27708-0346, and Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, Texas 79409
| | - Y. Jang
- Department of Chemistry, Duke University, Box 90346, Durham, North Carolina 27708-0346, and Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, Texas 79409
| | - R. A. Bartsch
- Department of Chemistry, Duke University, Box 90346, Durham, North Carolina 27708-0346, and Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, Texas 79409
| | - A. L. Crumbliss
- Department of Chemistry, Duke University, Box 90346, Durham, North Carolina 27708-0346, and Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, Texas 79409
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Kudo Y, Miyakawa T, Takeda Y, Matsuda H, Yajima S. Ion-transfer polarographic study of the distribution of alkali and alkaline-earth metal complexes with 3m-crown-m ether derivatives (m = 6, 8) between water and nitrobenzene phases. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1996. [DOI: 10.1007/bf01053550] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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