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Ural C, Celik A, Ozbal S, Guneli E, Arslan S, Ergur BU, Cavdar C, Akdoğan G, Cavdar Z. The renoprotective effects of taurine against diabetic nephropathy via the p38 MAPK and TGF-β/Smad2/3 signaling pathways. Amino Acids 2023; 55:1665-1677. [PMID: 37805666 DOI: 10.1007/s00726-023-03342-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2023] [Accepted: 09/20/2023] [Indexed: 10/09/2023]
Abstract
Diabetic nephropathy (DN), a severe diabetes complication, causes kidney morphological and structural changes due to extracellular matrix accumulation. This accumulation is caused mainly by oxidative stress. Semi-essential amino acid derivative taurine has powerful antioxidant and antifibrotic effects. The aim of this study was to investigate the renoprotective effects of taurine through its possible roles in oxidative stress, extracellular matrix proteins, and the signaling pathways associated with the accumulation of extracellular matrix proteins in DN rats. 29 Wistar albino rats were randomly separated into control, taurine, diabetes, and diabetes + taurine groups. Diabetes animals were injected 45 mg/kg streptozosine. Taurine is given by adding to drinking water as 1% (w/v). Urine, serum, and kidney tissue were collected from rats for biochemical and histological analysis after 12 weeks. According to the studies, taurine significantly reduces the levels of malondialdehyde (MDA), total oxidant status (TOS), and protein expression of NADPH oxidase 4 (NOX4) that increase in diabetic kidney tissue. Also, decreased superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity levels significantly increased with taurine in diabetic rats. Moreover, increased mRNA and protein levels of fibronectin decreased with taurine. The matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-2 and MMP-9 activities and their mRNA levels increased significantly, and this increase was significantly summed with taurine. There was a decrease in mRNA expression of Extracellular matrix metalloproteinase inducer (EMMPRIN). Taurine significantly increased this decrease. Diabetes increased mRNA expressions of transforming growth factor (TGF)-β and Smad2/3. Taurine significantly reduced this induction. TGF-β protein expression, p38, and Smad2/3 activations were also inhibited, but taurine was suppressed significantly. All these findings indicate that taurine may be an effective practical strategy to prevent renal diabetic injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cemre Ural
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Health Sciences Institute, Dokuz Eylul University, 35340, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Asli Celik
- Multidisciplinary Experimental Animal Laboratory, Faculty of Medicine, Dokuz Eylul University, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Seda Ozbal
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Dokuz Eylul University, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Ensari Guneli
- Multidisciplinary Experimental Animal Laboratory, Faculty of Medicine, Dokuz Eylul University, Izmir, Turkey
- Department of Laboratory Animal Science, Health Sciences Institute, Dokuz Eylul University, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Sevki Arslan
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Pamukkale University, Denizli, Turkey
| | - Bekir Ugur Ergur
- Department of Histology and Embryology, University of Kyrenia, Kyrenia, Northern Cyprus
| | - Caner Cavdar
- Department of Nephrology, Faculty of Medicine, Dokuz Eylul University, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Gül Akdoğan
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Izmir University of Economics, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Zahide Cavdar
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Health Sciences Institute, Dokuz Eylul University, 35340, Izmir, Turkey.
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Zhou L, Yang H, Wang J, Liu Y, Xu Y, Xu H, Feng Y, Ge W. The Therapeutic Potential of Antioxidants in Chemotherapy-Induced Peripheral Neuropathy: Evidence from Preclinical and Clinical Studies. Neurotherapeutics 2023; 20:339-358. [PMID: 36735180 PMCID: PMC10121987 DOI: 10.1007/s13311-023-01346-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/17/2023] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
As cancer therapies advance and patient survival improves, there has been growing concern about the long-term adverse effects that patients may experience following treatment, and concerns have been raised about such persistent, progressive, and often irreversible adverse effects. Chemotherapy is a potentially life-extending treatment, and chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy (CIPN) is one of its most common long-term toxicities. At present, strategies for the prevention and treatment of CIPN are still an open problem faced by medicine, and there has been a large amount of previous evidence that oxidative damage is involved in the process of CIPN. In this review, we focus on the lines of defense involving antioxidants that exert the effect of inhibiting CIPN. We also provide an update on the targets and clinical prospects of different antioxidants (melatonin, N-acetylcysteine, vitamins, α-lipoic acid, mineral elements, phytochemicals, nutritional antioxidants, cytoprotectants and synthetic compounds) in the treatment of CIPN with the help of preclinical and clinical studies, emphasizing the great potential of antioxidants as adjuvant strategies to mitigate CIPN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Zhou
- Department of Pharmacy, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, #321 Zhongshan Road, Nanjing, 210008, Jiangsu, China
| | - Hui Yang
- Department of Pharmacy, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, #321 Zhongshan Road, Nanjing, 210008, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jing Wang
- Department of Pharmacy, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, #321 Zhongshan Road, Nanjing, 210008, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yunxing Liu
- Department of Pharmacy, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, #321 Zhongshan Road, Nanjing, 210008, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yinqiu Xu
- Department of Pharmacy, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, #321 Zhongshan Road, Nanjing, 210008, Jiangsu, China
| | - Hang Xu
- Department of Pharmacy, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, #321 Zhongshan Road, Nanjing, 210008, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yong Feng
- Jiangsu Cancer Hospital & Jiangsu Institute of Cancer Research, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, #42 Baizi Ting Road, Nanjing, 210009, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Weihong Ge
- Department of Pharmacy, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, #321 Zhongshan Road, Nanjing, 210008, Jiangsu, China.
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Li W, Wu G, Yang X, Yang J, Hu J. Taurine Prevents AFB1-Induced Renal Injury by Inhibiting Oxidative Stress and Apoptosis. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2022; 1370:435-444. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-93337-1_41] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Surai PF, Earle-Payne K, Kidd MT. Taurine as a Natural Antioxidant: From Direct Antioxidant Effects to Protective Action in Various Toxicological Models. Antioxidants (Basel) 2021; 10:1876. [PMID: 34942978 PMCID: PMC8698923 DOI: 10.3390/antiox10121876] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2021] [Revised: 11/21/2021] [Accepted: 11/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Natural antioxidants have received tremendous attention over the last 3 decades. At the same time, the attitude to free radicals is slowly changing, and their signalling role in adaptation to stress has recently received a lot of attention. Among many different antioxidants in the body, taurine (Tau), a sulphur-containing non-proteinogenic β-amino acid, is shown to have a special place as an important natural modulator of the antioxidant defence networks. Indeed, Tau is synthesised in most mammals and birds, and the Tau requirement is met by both synthesis and food/feed supply. From the analysis of recent data, it could be concluded that the direct antioxidant effect of Tau due to scavenging free radicals is limited and could be expected only in a few mammalian/avian tissues (e.g., heart and eye) with comparatively high (>15-20 mM) Tau concentrations. The stabilising effects of Tau on mitochondria, a prime site of free radical formation, are characterised and deserve more attention. Tau deficiency has been shown to compromise the electron transport chain in mitochondria and significantly increase free radical production. It seems likely that by maintaining the optimal Tau status of mitochondria, it is possible to control free radical production. Tau's antioxidant protective action is of great importance in various stress conditions in human life, and is related to commercial animal and poultry production. In various in vitro and in vivo toxicological models, Tau showed AO protective effects. The membrane-stabilizing effects, inhibiting effects on ROS-producing enzymes, as well as the indirect AO effects of Tau via redox balance maintenance associated with the modulation of various transcription factors (e.g., Nrf2 and NF-κB) and vitagenes could also contribute to its protective action in stress conditions, and thus deserve more attention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter F. Surai
- Vitagene and Health Research Centre, Bristol BS4 2RS, UK
- Department of Microbiology and Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Trakia University, 6000 Stara Zagora, Bulgaria
- Biochemistry and Physiology Department, Saint-Petersburg State University of Veterinary Medicine, 196084 St. Petersburg, Russia
- Department of Animal Nutrition, Faculty of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, Szent Istvan University, H-2103 Gödöllo, Hungary
| | - Katie Earle-Payne
- NHS Greater Glasgow and Clyde, Renfrewshire Health and Social Care Centre, 10 Ferry Road, Renfrew PA4 8RU, UK;
| | - Michael T. Kidd
- Center of Excellence for Poultry Science, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR 72701, USA;
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Baliou S, Kyriakopoulos AM, Spandidos DA, Zoumpourlis V. Role of taurine, its haloamines and its lncRNA TUG1 in both inflammation and cancer progression. On the road to therapeutics? (Review). Int J Oncol 2020; 57:631-664. [PMID: 32705269 PMCID: PMC7384849 DOI: 10.3892/ijo.2020.5100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2020] [Accepted: 07/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
For one century, taurine is considered as an end product of sulfur metabolism. In this review, we discuss the beneficial effect of taurine, its haloamines and taurine upregulated gene 1 (TUG1) long non‑coding RNA (lncRNA) in both cancer and inflammation. We outline how taurine or its haloamines (N‑Bromotaurine or N‑Chlorotaurine) can induce robust and efficient responses against inflammatory diseases, providing insight into their molecular mechanisms. We also provide information about the use of taurine as a therapeutic approach to cancer. Taurine can be combined with other chemotherapeutic drugs, not only mediating durable responses in various malignancies, but also circumventing the limitations met from chemotherapeutic drugs, thus improving the therapeutic outcome. Interestingly, the lncRNA TUG1 is regarded as a promising therapeutic approach, which can overcome acquired resistance of cancer cells to selected strategies. In this regard, we can translate basic knowledge about taurine and its TUG1 lncRNA into potential therapeutic options directed against specific oncogenic signaling targets, thereby bridging the gap between bench and bedside.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Demetrios A. Spandidos
- Laboratory of Clinical Virology, Medical School, University of Crete, Heraklion 71003, Greece
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Owoeye O, Adedara IA, Farombi EO. Pretreatment with taurine prevented brain injury and exploratory behaviour associated with administration of anticancer drug cisplatin in rats. Biomed Pharmacother 2018; 102:375-384. [PMID: 29571023 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2018.03.051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2018] [Revised: 03/07/2018] [Accepted: 03/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The neurotoxicity associated with cisplatin treatment is one of the major side effects compromising the efficacy of the anti-cancer treatment. The present study investigated the possible protective effects of taurine, an intracellular amino acid, on cisplatin-induced brain injury and exploratory behaviour using five groups of ten female rats each. Group I received drinking water only. Group II orally received taurine alone at 200 mg/kg whereas Group III received cisplatin alone intraperitoneally at 10 mg/kg. Groups IV and V were treated with taurine at 100 and 200 mg/kg respectively for sixteen consecutive days and a single intraperitoneal injection of cisplatin on day 13 to induce neurotoxicity. Endpoint analyses using video-tracking software revealed that cisplatin administration alone caused neurobehavioral deficits evinced by marked decrease in the total distance travelled, average speed, total time mobile, total mobile episode, number of crossing and absolute turn angle. Furthermore, cisplatin alone significantly suppressed brain antioxidant defense mechanisms, elevated nitric oxide and lipid peroxidation levels whereas it increased acetylcholinesterase activity in the treated rats. However, rats pretreated with taurine exhibited significant improvement in behavioural performance and brain antioxidant status with concomitant decrease in acetylcholinesterase activity and oxidative stress indices when compared with cisplatin alone group. Histologically, taurine pretreatment prevented cisplatin-induced neuronal death in the cerebral and cerebellar cortices, caudo-putamen and hippocampus as well as abrogated cisplatin-mediated decrease in the dendritic arborization and mean diameter of the somata of pyramidal neurons in the treated rats. In conclusion, taurine may be a possible protective supplement to reduce cisplatin-induced side-effects including neurotoxicity in patients undergoing cisplatin treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olatunde Owoeye
- Department of Anatomy, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria.
| | - Isaac A Adedara
- Drug Metabolism and Toxicology Research Laboratories, Department of Biochemistry, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria
| | - Ebenezer O Farombi
- Drug Metabolism and Toxicology Research Laboratories, Department of Biochemistry, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria
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