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Adnane M, de Almeida AM, Chapwanya A. Unveiling the power of proteomics in advancing tropical animal health and production. Trop Anim Health Prod 2024; 56:182. [PMID: 38825622 DOI: 10.1007/s11250-024-04037-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2024] [Accepted: 05/20/2024] [Indexed: 06/04/2024]
Abstract
Proteomics, the large-scale study of proteins in biological systems has emerged as a pivotal tool in the field of animal and veterinary sciences, mainly for investigating local and rustic breeds. Proteomics provides valuable insights into biological processes underlying animal growth, reproduction, health, and disease. In this review, we highlight the key proteomics technologies, methodologies, and their applications in domestic animals, particularly in the tropical context. We also discuss advances in proteomics research, including integration of multi-omics data, single-cell proteomics, and proteogenomics, all of which are promising for improving animal health, adaptation, welfare, and productivity. However, proteomics research in domestic animals faces challenges, such as sample preparation variation, data quality control, privacy and ethical considerations relating to animal welfare. We also provide recommendations for overcoming these challenges, emphasizing the importance of following best practices in sample preparation, data quality control, and ethical compliance. We therefore aim for this review to harness the full potential of proteomics in advancing our understanding of animal biology and ultimately improve animal health and productivity in local breeds of diverse animal species in a tropical context.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mounir Adnane
- Department of Biomedicine, Institute of Veterinary Sciences, University of Tiaret, Tiaret, 14000, Algeria.
| | - André M de Almeida
- LEAF-Linking Landscape, Environment, Agriculture and Food Research Center, Associate Laboratory TERRA, Instituto Superior de Agronomia, Universidade de Lisboa, Tapada da Ajuda, Lisboa, 1349-017, Portugal
| | - Aspinas Chapwanya
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Ross University School of Veterinary Medicine, Basseterre, 00265, Saint Kitts and Nevis
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Gíslason MH, Demircan GS, Prachar M, Furtwängler B, Schwaller J, Schoof E, Porse B, Rapin N, Bagger F. BloodSpot 3.0: a database of gene and protein expression data in normal and malignant haematopoiesis. Nucleic Acids Res 2024; 52:D1138-D1142. [PMID: 37933860 PMCID: PMC10768446 DOI: 10.1093/nar/gkad993] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2023] [Revised: 10/15/2023] [Accepted: 10/19/2023] [Indexed: 11/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BloodSpot is a specialised database integrating gene expression data from acute myeloid leukaemia (AML) patients related to blood cell development and maturation. The database and interface has helped numerous researchers and clinicians to quickly get an overview of gene expression patterns in healthy and malignant haematopoiesis. Here, we present an update to our framework that includes protein expression data of sorted single cells. With this update we also introduce datasets broadly spanning age groups, which many users have requested, with particular interest for researchers studying paediatric leukaemias. The backend of the database has been rewritten and migrated to a cloud-based environment to accommodate the growth, and provide a better user-experience for our many international users. Users can now enjoy faster transfer speeds and a more responsive interface. In conclusion, the continuing popularity of the database and emergence of new data modalities has prompted us to rewrite and futureproof the back-end, including paediatric centric views, as well as single cell protein data, allowing us to keep the database updated and relevant for the years to come. The database is freely available at www.bloodspot.eu.
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Affiliation(s)
- Magnús H Gíslason
- Center for Genomic Medicine, Rigshospitalet Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen DK-2200, Denmark
| | - Gül Sude Demircan
- Center for Genomic Medicine, Rigshospitalet Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen DK-2200, Denmark
| | - Marek Prachar
- Center for Genomic Medicine, Rigshospitalet Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen DK-2200, Denmark
- Bioinformatics Centre, Department of Biology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen DK-2200, Denmark
| | - Benjamin Furtwängler
- The Finsen Laboratory, Copenhagen University Hospital–Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen DK-2200, Denmark
- Biotech Research and Innovation Center, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen DK-2200, Denmark
- Department of Biotechnology and Biomedicine, Technical University of Denmark, Kgs. Lyngby DK-2800, Denmark
| | - Juerg Schwaller
- University Children's Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
- Department of Biomedicine, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Erwin M Schoof
- Department of Biotechnology and Biomedicine, Technical University of Denmark, Kgs. Lyngby DK-2800, Denmark
| | - Bo Torben Porse
- The Finsen Laboratory, Copenhagen University Hospital–Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen DK-2200, Denmark
- Biotech Research and Innovation Center, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen DK-2200, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Nicolas Rapin
- Danish National Genome Center, Copenhagen DK-2300, Denmark
| | - Frederik Otzen Bagger
- Center for Genomic Medicine, Rigshospitalet Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen DK-2200, Denmark
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Probst V, Smedegaard LM, Simonyan A, Guo Y, Østrup O, Dungu KHS, Vissing NH, Nygaard U, Bagger FO. A Protocol for Low-Input RNA-Sequencing of Patients with Febrile Neutropenia Captures Relevant Immunological Information. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:10251. [PMID: 37373397 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241210251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2023] [Revised: 06/05/2023] [Accepted: 06/10/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Improved methods are needed for diagnosing infectious diseases in children with cancer. Most children have fever for other reasons than bacterial infection and are exposed to unnecessary antibiotics and hospital admission. Recent research has shown that host whole blood RNA transcriptomic signatures can distinguish bacterial infection from other causes of fever. Implementation of this method in clinics could change the diagnostic approach for children with cancer and suspected infection. However, extracting sufficient mRNA to perform transcriptome profiling by standard methods is challenging due to the patient's low white blood cell (WBC) counts. In this prospective cohort study, we succeeded in sequencing 95% of samples from children with leukaemia and suspected infection by using a low-input protocol. This could be a solution to the issue of obtaining sufficient RNA for sequencing from patients with low white blood cell counts. Further studies are required to determine whether the captured immune gene signatures are clinically valid and thus useful to clinicians as a diagnostic tool for patients with cancer and suspected infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Victoria Probst
- Department of Genomic Medicine, Rigshospitalet, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | | | - Arman Simonyan
- Department of Genomic Medicine, Rigshospitalet, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Yuliu Guo
- Department of Genomic Medicine, Rigshospitalet, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Olga Østrup
- Department of Genomic Medicine, Rigshospitalet, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Kia Hee Schultz Dungu
- Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Rigshospitalet, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Nadja Hawwa Vissing
- Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Rigshospitalet, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Ulrikka Nygaard
- Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Rigshospitalet, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
- Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, 2200 Copenhagen, Denmark
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Hsieh WC, Budiarto BR, Wang YF, Lin CY, Gwo MC, So DK, Tzeng YS, Chen SY. Spatial multi-omics analyses of the tumor immune microenvironment. J Biomed Sci 2022; 29:96. [DOI: 10.1186/s12929-022-00879-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2022] [Accepted: 11/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
AbstractIn the past decade, single-cell technologies have revealed the heterogeneity of the tumor-immune microenvironment at the genomic, transcriptomic, and proteomic levels and have furthered our understanding of the mechanisms of tumor development. Single-cell technologies have also been used to identify potential biomarkers. However, spatial information about the tumor-immune microenvironment such as cell locations and cell–cell interactomes is lost in these approaches. Recently, spatial multi-omics technologies have been used to study transcriptomes, proteomes, and metabolomes of tumor-immune microenvironments in several types of cancer, and the data obtained from these methods has been combined with immunohistochemistry and multiparameter analysis to yield markers of cancer progression. Here, we review numerous cutting-edge spatial ‘omics techniques, their application to study of the tumor-immune microenvironment, and remaining technical challenges.
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McCarthy ME, Anglin CM, Peer HA, Boleman SA, Klaubert SR, Birtwistle MR. Protocol for Creating Antibodies with Complex Fluorescence Spectra. Bioconjug Chem 2021; 32:1156-1166. [PMID: 34009954 DOI: 10.1021/acs.bioconjchem.1c00220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Fluorescent antibodies are a workhorse of biomedical science, but fluorescence multiplexing has been notoriously difficult due to spectral overlap between fluorophores. We recently established proof-of-principal for fluorescence Multiplexing using Spectral Imaging and Combinatorics (MuSIC), which uses combinations of existing fluorophores to create unique spectral signatures for increased multiplexing. However, a method for labeling antibodies with MuSIC probes has not yet been developed. Here, we present a method for labeling antibodies with MuSIC probes. We conjugate a DBCO-Peg5-NHS ester linker to antibodies and a single-stranded DNA "docking strand" to the linker and, finally, hybridize two MuSIC-compatible, fluorescently labeled oligos to the docking strand. We validate the labeling protocol with spin-column purification and absorbance measurements. We demonstrate the approach using (i) Cy3, (ii) Tex615, and (iii) a Cy3-Tex615 combination as three different MuSIC probes attached to three separate batches of antibodies. We created single-, double-, and triple-positive beads that are analogous to single cells by incubating MuSIC probe-labeled antibodies with protein A beads. Spectral flow cytometry experiments demonstrate that each MuSIC probe can be uniquely distinguished, and the fraction of beads in a mixture with different staining patterns are accurately inferred. The approach is general and might be more broadly applied to cell-type profiling or tissue heterogeneity studies in clinical, biomedical, and drug discovery research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Madeline E McCarthy
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Clemson University, Clemson, South Carolina 29634, United States
| | - Caitlin M Anglin
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Clemson University, Clemson, South Carolina 29634, United States
| | - Heather A Peer
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Clemson University, Clemson, South Carolina 29634, United States
| | - Sevanna A Boleman
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Clemson University, Clemson, South Carolina 29634, United States
| | - Stephanie R Klaubert
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Clemson University, Clemson, South Carolina 29634, United States
| | - Marc R Birtwistle
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Clemson University, Clemson, South Carolina 29634, United States
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Genome-wide transcriptome and translatome analyses reveal the role of protein extension and domestication in liver cancer oncogenesis. Mol Genet Genomics 2021; 296:561-569. [PMID: 33575838 PMCID: PMC7877501 DOI: 10.1007/s00438-021-01766-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2020] [Accepted: 02/02/2021] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
One gene could be transcribed to different RNA isoforms, and then produce various forms of protein sequences. This mechanism largely diversifies the cellular pool and allows natural selection to select from a wider range of substrates. In the cancer field, the isoform switches between tumor and normal tissues, such as the alternative splicing, stop codon read-through, or protein domestication, are significantly ignored by the traditional differential expression analyses. The intention of this work is to fill this gap. We collected public transcriptome and translatome data from ten patients with liver cancer, and performed genome-wide comparison on the stop codon read-through and protein domestication events. Both events diversify the proteome during long-term evolution. Surprisingly, we found that the tumor tissues globally have higher occurrence of stop codon read-through events as well as protein domestication events (translation signals of non-coding repetitive elements). These read-through and domestication events show limited overlapping across the ten patients, indicating the randomness of their occurrence and their deleterious nature. These tumor-specific events might have been purged by natural selection if they are not collected timely. Our work manifests the role of protein extension and domestication in liver cancer oncogenesis, adding new aspects to the cancer field.
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