1
|
Montesano M, Scheller HV, Wettstein R, Palva ET. Down-regulation of photosystem I by Erwinia carotovora-derived elicitors correlates with H(2)O(2) accumulation in chloroplasts of potato. MOLECULAR PLANT PATHOLOGY 2004; 5:115-123. [PMID: 20565588 DOI: 10.1111/j.1364-3703.2004.00213.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
SUMMARY Identification of Solanum tuberosum genes responsive to culture filtrates (CF) from Erwinia carotovora ssp. carotovora resulted in isolation of psaD, a nuclear gene encoding the PSI-D subunit of photosystem I (PSI). This gene was rapidly and markedly down-regulated in CF-treated or wounded plants. Down-regulation of psaD transcripts was also triggered by signal molecules involved in plant defence such as methyl jasmonate. The CF-induced down-regulation of psaD transcripts was correlated with an accumulation of hydrogen peroxide in chloroplasts and a down-regulation of the NADP(+) photoreduction activity mediated by PSI. These results suggest that the CF-induced down-regulation of PSI may be related to the accumulation of reactive oxygen species in chloroplasts of plant cells responding to E. c. carotovora.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marcos Montesano
- Department of Biosciences, Division of Genetics, University of Helsinki, Box 56, FIN-00014, Helsinki, Finland
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
2
|
Sue S, Sugiya K, Furuki M, Shimizu T, Inoue Y, Nakamoto H, Hiyama T. Nucleotide sequence of the psaD gene from the thermophilic cyanobacterium Synechococcus vulcanus. PHOTOSYNTHESIS RESEARCH 1995; 46:265-268. [PMID: 24301591 DOI: 10.1007/bf00020439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
The nucleotide sequence was determined for the psaD gene of a thermophilic cyanobacterium, Synechococcus vulcanus, which encoded the PsaD subunit (Subunit II) of the Photosystem I reaction center complex. Except for some differences in the peripherals, the nucleotide sequence of the gene encoding PsaD was identical to that of another thermophilic cyanobacterium Synechococcus elongatus reported previously. Relationship between these primary structures and thermostability was also discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- S Sue
- Department of Biochemistry, Saitama University, 338, Urawa, Japan
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
3
|
Abstract
We have previously used single-cell assays in a phytochrome-deficient tomato mutant to demonstrate that phytochrome signaling involves heterotrimeric G proteins, calcium, and calmodulin. While G protein activation could stimulate full chloroplast development and anthocyanin pigment biosynthesis, calcium and calmodulin could not induce anthocyanins and were only able to stimulate the development of immature chloroplasts lacking cytochrome b6f and photosystem I core components. We now report that cyclic GMP is able to trigger the production of anthocyanins, and that a combination of cyclic GMP with calcium can induce the development of fully mature chloroplasts containing all the photosynthetic machinery. Furthermore, using reporter genes for these different pathways (cab-gus, chs-gus, and fnr-gus) we demonstrate that cGMP and calcium act primarily by modulating gene expression.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- C Bowler
- Laboratory of Plant Molecular Biology, Rockefeller University, New York, New York 10021-6399
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
4
|
Yamamoto Y, Tsuji H, Obokata J. Structure and expression of a nuclear gene for the PSI-D subunit of photosystem I in Nicotiana sylvestris. PLANT MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 1993; 22:985-94. [PMID: 8400141 DOI: 10.1007/bf00028971] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
The PSI-D subunit is the ferredoxin-binding site of photosystem I, and is encoded by the nuclear gene psaD. We isolated a psaD genomic clone from Nicotiana sylvestris, by screening a genomic library with a psaD cDNA which we previously cloned from N. sylvestris (Yamamoto et al., Plant Mol Biol 17: 1251, 1991). Nucleotide sequence analysis revealed that this genomic clone contains a psaD gene, which does not correspond to the psaD cDNA, so we designated these genes psaDb and psaDa, respectively. The psaDb clone encodes a protein of 214 amino acids uninterrupted by introns. The N-terminal sequence determined for the N. sylvestris PSI-D protein encoded by psaDb begins at the 49th residue. The products of psaDa and psaDb share 82.7% and 79.5% identity at the amino acid and nucleotide levels, respectively. Genomic Southern analysis showed that two copies of psaD are present in the N. sylvestris genome. Ribonuclease protection assays and immunoblot analysis in N. sylvestris indicate that both genes are expressed in leaves, stems and flower buds, but neither is expressed in roots. During leaf development, the ratio of psaDb to psaDa mRNA increases from 0.12 in leaf buds to 0.36 in mature leaves. The relative abundance of the corresponding proteins decreased over the same developmental period. These results indicate that differential regulation mechanisms control psaDa and psaDb expression at both the mRNA and protein levels during leaf development.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Y Yamamoto
- Department of Botany, Faculty of Science, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
5
|
Flieger K, Oelmüller R, Herrmann RG. Isolation and characterization of cDNA clones encoding a 18.8 kDa polypeptide, the product of the gene psaL, associated with photosystem I reaction center from spinach. PLANT MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 1993; 22:703-709. [PMID: 8343606 DOI: 10.1007/bf00047411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Several cDNA clones encoding subunit XI of photosystem I reaction center (PSI-L) have been isolated from two lambda gt11 expression libraries based on polyadenylated RNA of spinach seedlings illuminated for 4 and 16 h, respectively. The precursor polypeptide made from these recombinant DNAs in vitro can be efficiently imported into isolated spinach chloroplasts. It is correctly processed to the size of the authentic polypeptide and integrates into the photosystem I assembly. The 834 nucleotide sequence of the longest cDNA insert encodes a precursor polypeptide of 24 kDa (216 residues) and a mature protein of probably 18.8 kDa (169 residues). Hydropathy analysis suggests that the polypeptide contains two transmembrane segments. The protein appears to originate in a single-copy gene in spinach and to be decoded from RNA species of ca. 900 bases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- K Flieger
- Botanisches Institut, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, München, FRG
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
6
|
Mühlenhoff U, Haehnel W, Witt H, Herrmann RG. Genes encoding eleven subunits of photosystem I from the thermophilic cyanobacterium Synechococcus sp. Gene X 1993; 127:71-8. [PMID: 8486290 DOI: 10.1016/0378-1119(93)90618-d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
We have isolated the genes encoding 11 photosystem I (PSI) subunits from Synechococcus sp., from which this reaction center has been crystallized. The recombinant DNAs, including psaA, psaB, psaC, psaD, psaE, psaF, psaI, psaJ, psaK and psaL, were obtained by heterologous hybridization with probes from appropriate cDNAs or genes from spinach and Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803, or with synthetic oligodeoxyribonucleotides. Genes psaA/psaB, psaF/psaJ and psaL/psaI are each closely linked. The open reading frames predict polypeptides of 83 kDa (subunits Ia and Ib, encoded by genes psaA and psaB, respectively), 15.4 kDa (II, psaD), 17.7 kDa (III, psaF), 8.4 kDa (IV, psaE), 8.8 kDa (VII, psaC), 4.6 kDa (VIII, psaI), 4.8 kDa (IX, psaJ), 8.5 kDa (X, psaK) and 15.5 kDa (XI, psaL). A novel subunit (XII, psaM) was also identified. Subunits II, III, IV and VII seem to be peripheral, while the others seem to be intrinsic components of the reaction center. These data imply a striking similarity of cyanobacterial and eukaryotic PSI. All subunits studied are encoded by single-copy genes which seem to be transcribed into monocistronic (psaC, psaD, psaC, psaK) or dicistronic (psaA/psaB, psaF/psaJ, psaL/psaI) RNA species. Subunit III is translated as a 17.7-kDa precursor, including a transit peptide of 23 amino acid residues. This is consistent with its location in the thylakoid lumen.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- U Mühlenhoff
- Botanisches Institut, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, München, Germany
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
7
|
Lagoutte B, Vallon O. Purification and membrane topology of PSI-D and PSI-E, two subunits of the photosystem I reaction center. EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF BIOCHEMISTRY 1992; 205:1175-85. [PMID: 1374333 DOI: 10.1111/j.1432-1033.1992.tb16888.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Structural studies have been conducted on polypeptides PSI-D and PSI-E, which are extrinsic but firmly bound to the photosystem I reaction center. These subunits are predicted to be involved in the correct interaction with soluble electron acceptor(s), like ferredoxin. We designed an original method to extract both polypeptides directly from thylakoid membranes and to purify them: a stepwise extraction with NaSCN followed by size fractionation and reverse-phase HPLC. Investigation of the in situ topology of PSI-D and PSI-E was undertaken using monoclonal antibody binding, controlled proteolysis, peptide sequencing and electron microscopy. The precise identification of numerous proteolytic sites indicates that the entire N-terminal regions of PSI-E (up to Glu15) and PSI-D (up to Lys15) are exposed to the medium. Partial mapping of the exposed epitopes was possible using purified fragments of each polypeptide. In the case of PSI-E, this mapping confirmed the accessibility of the N-terminal part, and suggested the need for another exposed sequence, probably located after Met39 in the second half of the protein. For PSI-D, this mapping revealed that the sequence between Met74 and Met140, including the most basic amino acid clusters, is also partly accessible. These experiments provide the first detailed informations, although still partial, on the topology of these polypeptides. They give a preliminary basis for hypotheses concerning the sites of interaction with the soluble counterparts.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- B Lagoutte
- Département de Biologie Cellulaire et Moléculaire, Saclay, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | | |
Collapse
|
8
|
Yamamoto Y, Tsuji H, Hayashida N, Inoue K, Obokata J. Nucleotide sequence of cDNA clones encoding PSI-D2 protein of photosystem I in Nicotiana sylvestris. PLANT MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 1991; 17:1251-4. [PMID: 1932698 DOI: 10.1007/bf00028741] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Y Yamamoto
- Department of Botany, Faculty of Science, Kyoto University, Japan
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
9
|
Douwe de Boer A, Weisbeek PJ. Chloroplast protein topogenesis: import, sorting and assembly. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA 1991; 1071:221-53. [PMID: 1958688 DOI: 10.1016/0304-4157(91)90015-o] [Citation(s) in RCA: 172] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- A Douwe de Boer
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, University of Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | | |
Collapse
|
10
|
Iwasaki Y, Ishikawa H, Hibino T, Takabe T. Characterization of genes that encode subunits of cucumber PS I complex by N-terminal sequencing. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA 1991; 1059:141-8. [PMID: 1883835 DOI: 10.1016/s0005-2728(05)80198-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
N-terminal amino acid sequencing was carried out to characterize the genes of the cucumber PS I complex (PSI-100) that contains eight polypeptides and catalyzes the light-dependent transfer of electrons from plastocyanin to ferredoxin. The genes of all subunits except the 17.5 kDa polypeptide in PSI-100 have been identified. These are psaA/psaB (65/63 kDa), psaD (20 kDa), psaE (19.5 kDa), psaF (18.5 kDa), psaH (7.6 kDa), and psaC (5.8 kDa). The 17.5 kDa polypeptide is a new protein and is designated tentatively as the gene product of psaM. N-terminal amino-acid sequencing indicated the presence of two polypeptides in the 7.6 kDa band. One of these is the gene product of psaH and is essential for the activity of the PS I complex, and the other one is as yet unrecognized and largely depleted in the PSI-100 complex. Gene products of psaG, psaI, and psaK, which have been proposed as the components of PS I complex, are not involved in the PSI-100 complex, but are involved in the PS I complex (PSI-200), which contains 120 chlorophyll per reaction center chlorophyll (P700) and light-harvesting chlorophyll a/b protein complexes. Three polypeptides (26,23 and 22.5 kDa) are not involved in the PSI-100 and are assigned as the apo-protein of light-harvesting chlorophyll a/b protein complexes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Y Iwasaki
- Department of Chemistry, Meijo University, Nagoya, Japan
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
11
|
Yalovsky S, Cohen Y, Stern D, Nechushtai R. On some of the in organello processes involved in the biogenesis of chlorophyll-protein complexes. J Basic Clin Physiol Pharmacol 1991; 2:183-95. [PMID: 1797093 DOI: 10.1515/jbcpp.1991.2.3.183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
The biogenesis and assembly of chlorophyll-protein complexes consist of many steps. These are initiated with the transcription and translation of the different polypeptide components constituting the complexes. For the nuclear-encoded subunits the synthesis takes place in the cytoplasm, and they are synthesized as precursors, which are later imported into the chloroplast. Within the organelle, the precursors are inserted into the thylakoid membranes, as well as being processed to their mature forms. The different nuclear- and chloroplast-encoded subunits assemble together, and bind the pigments and other cofactors to form the active pigmented-complex. In the present article, we discuss only the in organello processes of the biogenesis. We describe the pathways taken by two nuclear-encoded thylakoid proteins, the precursor of the main light-harvesting chlorophyll-protein of photosystem II (pLHCP) and the precursor of photosystem I subunit II (pre subunit II). These polypeptide subunits, that are located in two different photosynthetic complexes, differ from each other. While pLHCP is an integral membrane protein, which binds pigments, photosystem I-subunit II is a peripheral membrane protein, located on the stromal side of the thylakoids, and is not predicted to span it. The differences and the common features of the in organello biogenesis pathways of these two proteins are discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- S Yalovsky
- Department of Botany, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Israel
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
12
|
Almog O, Lotan O, Shoham G, Nechushtai R. The composition and organization of photosystem I. J Basic Clin Physiol Pharmacol 1991; 2:123-40. [PMID: 1797091 DOI: 10.1515/jbcpp.1991.2.3.123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Photosystem I, extensively studied in the past decade, was shown to be homologous in all photosynthetic organisms of the higher plants type. Its core complex was found to be highly conserved through evolution from cyanobacteria to higher plants. The genes coding for the subunits of CCI were isolated and the resulting sequences provided information about secondary structural elements. These suggested secondary structures enabled the prediction of the topology of these subunits in the photosynthetic membrane. Structural studies using both electron microscopy and X-ray crystallography, on isolated particles as well as on the complexes in the photosynthetic membrane, led to a better understanding of the overall structure of CCI. Recently two forms of three dimensional crystals of CCI were obtained. These crystals contain all the original components of CCI (both protein and pigments); these components have not been altered by crystallization. It is expected that a detailed crystallographic analysis of these crystals, together with biochemical, spectroscopical and molecular biology studies, will eventually lead to the elucidation of the high resolution structure of the photosystem I core complex and to the understanding of the exact role and mode of action of this complex in the photosynthetic membrane.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- O Almog
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Hebrew University, Jerusalem, Israel
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
13
|
Knaff DB, Hirasawa M. Ferredoxin-dependent chloroplast enzymes. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA 1991; 1056:93-125. [PMID: 1671559 DOI: 10.1016/s0005-2728(05)80277-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 198] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- D B Knaff
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Texas Tech University, Lubbock 79409-1061
| | | |
Collapse
|
14
|
Ikeuchi M, Hirano A, Hiyama T, Inoue Y. Polypeptide composition of higher plant photosystem I complex. Identification of psaI, psaJ and psaK gene products. FEBS Lett 1990; 263:274-8. [PMID: 2185953 DOI: 10.1016/0014-5793(90)81391-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
High resolution gel electrophoresis of the native photosystem I complex retaining light-harvesting chlorophyll complex revealed the presence of three low-molecular-mass proteins of 7, 4.1 and 3.9 kDa in spinach, and 6.8, 4.4 and 4.1 kDa in pea, in addition to the other well-characterized higher-molecular-mass components. Upon further detergent treatment to deplete light-harvesting chlorophyll complex, the 7 kDa and 4.1 kDa proteins were removed from the photosystem I core complex of spinach, while the 3.9 kDa protein was retained. N-terminal sequencing demonstrated that the 4.1 kDa proteins from both spinach and pea correspond to the gene product of ORF42/44 in chloroplast genome of liverwort and higher plants, which was previously hypothesized as a photosystem I gene (psaJ) based on sequence homology with the cyanobacterial photosystem I component of 4.1 kDa [(1989) FEBS Lett. 253, 257-263]. N-terminal sequence of the spinach 3.9 kDa and pea 4.4 kDa proteins fitted with chloroplast ORF36/40 (psaI) although no homologue has been found in cyanobacteria. The spinach 7 kDa and pea 6.8 kDa proteins correspond to the nuclear-encoded psaK product and significantly matched with the N-terminal sequence of the cyanobacterial 6.5 kDa subunit. The evolutional conservation of the psaJ and psaK seems to suggest their intrinsic role(s) in photosystem I.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M Ikeuchi
- Solar Energy Research Group, Institute of Physical and Chemical Research, Saitama, Japan
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
15
|
Cook WB, Miles D. Anomalous electron transport activity in a Photosystem I-deficient maize mutant. PHOTOSYNTHESIS RESEARCH 1990; 24:81-8. [PMID: 24419768 DOI: 10.1007/bf00032647] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/1989] [Accepted: 10/23/1989] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
Photosynthesis mutations were induced in maize lines bearing the transposable DNA element system, Mutator. Two Photosystem I mutants (hcf101 and hcf104) which were isolated are described here. Maize plants homozygous for the hcf104 mutation are seedling lethal and exhibit a high in vivo chlorophyll fluorescence yield. They lack ∼60% of CP1, P700 and PSI-specific electron transport activity relative to normal sibling plants. The comparable depletion of these three measures of PS I content conforms to the pattern reported for many other PS I-deficient mutants. Maize plants homozygous for hcf101 are seedling lethal and also exhibit high in vivo chlorophyll fluorescence yield. They lack 80-90% of CP1 and P700 but sustain steady state levels of PS I-specific electron transport activity at 70% of normal. Previous reports of similar apparent PS I hyperactivity are discussed and an explanation for the elevated steady state level of PS I electron transport activity in hcf101 is proposed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- W B Cook
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Missouri, 65211, Columbia, MO, USA
| | | |
Collapse
|
16
|
Rousseau F, Lagoutte B. Amino acid sequence of photosystem I subunit IV from the cyanobacterium Synechocystis PCC 6803. FEBS Lett 1990; 260:241-4. [PMID: 2105239 DOI: 10.1016/0014-5793(90)80113-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
We describe here the complete amino acid sequence of photosystem I subunit IV from Synechocystis 6803. The molecular mass of 8.0 kDa is lower than in higher plants and Chlamydomonas, due to the lack of a characteristic, proline-rich, N-terminal sequence. The remaining sequence exhibits a good conservation, with a hydrophilic and strongly basic N-terminal head followed by two hydrophobic domains. There is no possibility of classical membrane-spanning alpha helices. This component is likely to be one of the most stroma accessible subunits of photosystem I.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- F Rousseau
- Département de Biologie, C.E.N. SACLAY, Gif sur Yvette, France
| | | |
Collapse
|
17
|
Scheller HV, Okkels JS, Høj PB, Svendsen I, Roepstorff P, Møller BL. The primary structure of a 4.0-kDa photosystem I polypeptide encoded by the chloroplast psaI gene. J Biol Chem 1989. [DOI: 10.1016/s0021-9258(18)51479-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022] Open
|
18
|
Insertional inactivation of the gene encoding subunit II of photosystem I from the cyanobacterium Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803. J Biol Chem 1989. [DOI: 10.1016/s0021-9258(18)51475-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
|
19
|
Chitnis PR, Reilly PA, Miedel MC, Nelson N. Structure and targeted mutagenesis of the gene encoding 8-kDa subunit of photosystem I from the cyanobacterium Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803. J Biol Chem 1989. [DOI: 10.1016/s0021-9258(18)51474-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022] Open
|
20
|
Anandan S, Vainstein A, Thornber JP. Correlation of some published amino acid sequences for photosystem I polypeptides to a 17 kDa LHCI pigment-protein and to subunits III and IV of the core complex. FEBS Lett 1989; 256:150-4. [PMID: 2680596 DOI: 10.1016/0014-5793(89)81737-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Photosystem I (PSI) in barley consists of at least 11 polypeptides of which three have apparent sizes of 15-19 kDa. Two of these polypeptides (subunits III and IV) are constituents of the core complex (CCI), the third is a component of the light-harvesting complex (LHCI). After fractionation of PSI into its CCI and LHCI components, each of the polypeptides has been isolated and its N-terminal region sequenced. We conclude that the gene sequence published for subunit IV of spinach [(1988) FEBS Lett. 237, 108-112] is not that of subunit IV but rather that of the 17 kDA LHCIc pigment protein. We confirm that the published sequence for subunit III [(1988) Curr. Genet. 14, 511-518] is indeed that of subunit III; seemingly conflicting identifications, based on apparent sizes on SDS-PAGE, of which polypeptides are subunits III and IV are probably explained by subunit III's electrophoretic migration rate being dependent on the solvent.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- S Anandan
- Department of Biology, University of California, Los Angeles 90024-1606
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
21
|
Franzén LG, Frank G, Zuber H, Rochaix JD. Isolation and characterization of cDNA clones encoding photosystem I subunits with molecular masses 11.0, 10.0 and 8.4 kDa from Chlamydomonas reinhardtii. MOLECULAR & GENERAL GENETICS : MGG 1989; 219:137-44. [PMID: 2693938 DOI: 10.1007/bf00261169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
cDNA clones encoding three photosystem I subunits of Chlamydomonas reinhardtii with apparent molecular masses 13, 5 and 3 kDa (thylakoid polypeptides 28, 35 and 37; P28, P35 and P37, respectively) were isolated using gene specific oligonucleotides as probes. The sequences of these oligonucleotides were deduced from the N-terminal amino acid sequences of the proteins. The cDNAs were sequenced and used to probe Southern and Northern blots. The Southern blot analysis indicates that the proteins are encoded by single-copy genes. The mRNA sizes of the three components are 960 (P28), 1120 (P35) and 790 (P37) nucleotides. Comparison between the open reading frames of the cDNAs and the N-terminal amino acid sequences of the proteins indicates that the nascent polypeptides possess N-terminal transit sequences that are removed to give mature proteins of 11.0 (P28), 10.0 (P35) and 8.4 (P37) kDa. Analysis of the deduced protein sequences suggests that P28 and P35 are extrinsic membrane proteins and that P37 spans the thylakoid membrane. All three proteins have short transit peptides that probably route them to the stromal side of the thylakoid membrane.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- L G Franzén
- Department of Molecular Biology, University of Geneva, Switzerland
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
22
|
Koike H, Ikeuchi M, Hiyama T, Inoue Y. Identification of photosystem I components from the cyanobacterium, Synechococcus vulcanus by N-terminal sequencing. FEBS Lett 1989; 253:257-63. [PMID: 2503399 DOI: 10.1016/0014-5793(89)80971-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
The photosystem I core complex isolated from a thermophilic cyanobacterium, Synechococcus vulcanus, is composed of eight low-molecular-mass proteins of 18, 14, 12, 9.5, 9, 6.5, 5 and 4.1 kDa in addition to the PS I chlorophyll protein. N-terminal amino acid sequences of all these components were determined and compared with those of higher plants. Clearly, the 9.5 kDa component corresponds to the protein which carries the non-heme iron-sulfur centers A and B. This protein is so poorly visualized by staining that it has probably been overlooked in gel electrophoresis analyses. The 18, 14, 12 and 9 kDa components show appreciable homology with respective subunits of higher plant PS I. In contrast, the 6.5, 5 and 4.1 kDa components do not correspond to any known proteins except that the sequence of the 4.1 kDa component matches an unidentified open reading frame (ORF) 42 (liverwort) or ORF44 (tobacco) of chloroplast DNA.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- H Koike
- Solar Energy Research Group, Institute of Physical and Chemical Research (RIKEN), Saitama, Japan
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
23
|
Steppuhn J, Hermans J, Nechushtai R, Herrmann GS, Herrmann RG. Nucleotide sequences of cDNA clones encoding the entire precursor polypeptide for subunit VI and of the plastome-encoded gene for subunit VII of the photosystem I reaction center from spinach. Curr Genet 1989; 16:99-108. [PMID: 2688927 DOI: 10.1007/bf00393402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Recombinant phage which encode the entire precursor polypeptide for subunit VI of the photosystem I reaction center have been selected from a lambda gt11 cDNA expression library made from polyadenylated RNA of spinach seedlings. The sequence predicts a precursor polypeptide of 144 amino acids (Mr = 15.3 kDa), a mature protein of 95 residues (Mr = 10.4 kDa) that lacks methionine, histidine and cysteine, and a transit peptide of 49 residues (Mr = 4.9 kDa). The corresponding gene(s) is (are) designated psaH. The gene for subunit VII, psaC, has been located in the small single-copy region of the spinach plastid chromosome using a synthetic oligonucleotide and a heterologous hybridization probe. It is part of a polycistronic transcription unit that is constitutively expressed and processed. Putative processing products include a monocistronic RNA for psaC. The polypeptide chain of 18 (deduced) amino acids is highly conserved and strikingly resembles bacterial-type ferredoxins. It harbours cysteine residues that appear to be involved in the ligation of the two 4Fe4S centres A and B in photosystem I. None of the two subunits appears to be membrane-spanning, and subunit VI, as subunit VII, is located at the reducing (stromal) side of the reaction center. All available information on the major subunits of photosystem I from spinach has been combined into a (revised) topographic model. Evidence that the innermost - plastome-encoded - core of photosystem I represents an old bacterial heritage in present day chloroplasts is discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- J Steppuhn
- Botanisches Institut der Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, München, Federal Republic of Germany
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
24
|
Okkels JS, Scheller HV, Jepsen LB, Møller BL. A cDNA clone encoding the precursor for a 10.2 kDa photosystem I polypeptide of barley. FEBS Lett 1989; 250:575-9. [PMID: 2666162 DOI: 10.1016/0014-5793(89)80799-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Two cDNA clones for the barley photosystem I polypeptide which migrates with an apparent molecular mass of 9.5 kDa on SDS-polyacrylamide gels have been isolated using antibodies and an oligonucleotide probe. The determined N-terminal amino acid sequence for the mature polypeptide confirms the identification of the clones. The 644 base-pair sequence of one of the clones contains one large open reading frame coding for a 14,882 Da precursor polypeptide. The molecular mass of the mature polypeptide is 10 193 Da. The hydropathy plot of the polypeptide shows one membranespanning region with a predicted alpha-helix secondary structure. The gene for the 9.5 kDa polypeptide has been designated PsaH.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- J S Okkels
- Department of Plant Physiology, Royal Veterinary and Agricultural University, Frederiksberg C, Denmark
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
25
|
|
26
|
Scheller HV, Svendsen I, Møller BL. Subunit Composition of Photosystem I and Identification of Center X as a [4Fe-4S] Iron-Sulfur Cluster. J Biol Chem 1989. [DOI: 10.1016/s0021-9258(18)83520-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022] Open
|
27
|
Franzén LG, Frank G, Zuber H, Rochaix JD. Isolation and characterization of cDNA clones encoding the 17.9 and 8.1 kDa subunits of Photosystem I from Chlamydomonas reinhardtii. PLANT MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 1989; 12:463-474. [PMID: 24272906 DOI: 10.1007/bf00017585] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/1988] [Accepted: 02/02/1989] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
cDNA clones encoding two Photosystem I subunits of Chlamydomonas reinhardtii with apparent molecular masses of 18 and 11 kDa (thylakoid polypeptides 21 and 30; P21 and P30 respectively) were isolated using oligonucleotides, the sequences of which were deduced from the N-terminal amino acid sequences of the proteins. The cDNAs were sequenced and used to probe Southern and Northern blots. The Southern blot analysis indicates that both proteins are encoded by single-copy genes. The mRNA sizes of the two components are 1400 and 740 nucleotides, respectively. Comparison between the open reading frames of the cDNAs and the N-terminal amino acid sequences of the proteins indicates that the molecular masses of the mature proteins are 17.9 (P21) and 8.1 kDa (P30). Analysis of the deduced protein sequences predicts that both subunits are extrinsic membrane proteins with net positive charges. The amino acid sequences of the transit peptides suggest that P21 and P30 are routed towards the lumenal and stromal sides of the thylakoid membranes, respectively.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- L G Franzén
- Departments of Molecular Biology and Plant Biology, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
28
|
von Heijne G, Steppuhn J, Herrmann RG. Domain structure of mitochondrial and chloroplast targeting peptides. EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF BIOCHEMISTRY 1989; 180:535-45. [PMID: 2653818 DOI: 10.1111/j.1432-1033.1989.tb14679.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 760] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Representative samples of mitochondrial and chloroplast targeting peptides have been analyzed in terms of amino acid composition, positional amino acid preferences and amphiphilic character. No highly conserved 'homology blocks' are found in either class of topogenic sequence. Mitochondrial-matrix-targeting peptides are composed of two domains with different amphiphilic properties. Arginine is frequently found either at position -10 or -2 relative to the cleavage site, suggesting that some targeting peptides may be cleaved twice in succession by two different matrix proteases. In stroma-targeting chloroplast transit peptides three distinct regions are evident: an uncharged amino-terminal domain, a central domain lacking acidic residues and a carboxy-terminal domain with the potential to form an amphiphilic beta-strand. Targeting peptides that route proteins to the mitochondrial intermembrane space or the lumen of chloroplast thylakoids have a mosaic design with an amino-terminal matrix- or stroma-targeting part attached to a carboxy-terminal extension that shares many characteristics with secretory signal peptides.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- G von Heijne
- Department of Molecular Biology, Karolinska Institutet, Huddinge Hospital, Sweden
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
29
|
Scheller HV, Svendsen I, Møller BL. Amino acid sequence of the 9-kDa iron-sulfur protein of photosystem I in barley. CARLSBERG RESEARCH COMMUNICATIONS 1989; 54:11-5. [PMID: 2665764 DOI: 10.1007/bf02910468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
The 9-kDa thylakoid polypeptide which in vivo carries the iron-sulfur centers A and B of photosystem I was isolated from barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) and the complete amino acid sequence determined. The polypeptide shows a very high degree of homology with the corresponding polypeptides in other plant species. The polypeptide is not post-translationally processed except for the removal of the N-terminal formyl-methionine and the insertion of the iron-sulfur centers.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- H V Scheller
- Department of Plant Physiology, Royal Veterinary and Agricultural University, Frederiksberg C
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
30
|
|
31
|
Reilly P, Hulmes JD, Pan YC, Nelson N. Molecular cloning and sequencing of the psaD gene encoding subunit II of photosystem I from the cyanobacterium, Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803. J Biol Chem 1988. [DOI: 10.1016/s0021-9258(19)77887-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
|
32
|
Münch S, Ljungberg U, Steppuhn J, Schneiderbauer A, Nechushtai R, Beyreuther K, Herrmann RG. Nucleotide sequences of cDNAs encoding the entire precursor polypeptides for subunits II and III of the photosystem I reaction center from spinach. Curr Genet 1988; 14:511-8. [PMID: 3066511 DOI: 10.1007/bf00521277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Several cDNA clones encoding the complete subunit II and III precursor polypeptides of the photosystem I reaction center were isolated from two spinach lambda gt1 1 expression libraries by immunoscreening and homologous hybridization. The identity of the recombinant cDNAs was verified by an N-terminal amino acid sequence of 14 and 20 residues for the respective mature spinach proteins. The ca. 880 nucleotide long sequence and derived amino acid sequence for subunit II predict a precursor of 23.2 kDa (212 residues) and a positively charged, mature protein of 17.9 kDa (162 residues). The corresponding data for subunit III are ca. 710 nucleotides (cDNA), 13.4 kDa (125 residues, precursor polypeptide) and, again, a positively charged, mature protein of 9.7 kDa (91 residues). Secondary structure predictions indicate that both subunits are extramembraneous components of photosystem I. Subunit II is probably located on the matrix-side, subunit III in the lumen of stroma lamellae which is consistent both with biochemical findings and the proposed roles of these proteins in the electron transition from and to photosystem I, respectively. Major transcripts of 1.1 kb (subunit II) and 0.8 kb (subunit III) have been observed by RNA-DNA hybridization.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- S Münch
- Botanisches Institut der Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Federal Republic of Germany
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
33
|
Steppuhn J, Hermans J, Nechushtai R, Ljungberg U, Thümmler F, Lottspeich F, Herrmann RG. Nucleotide sequence of cDNA clones encoding the entire precursor polypeptides for subunits IV and V of the photosystem I reaction center from spinach. FEBS Lett 1988; 237:218-24. [PMID: 3049152 DOI: 10.1016/0014-5793(88)80205-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Using lambda gt11 expression cloning and immunoscreening, cDNA-containing recombinant phages for subunits IV and V of the photosystem I reaction center were isolated, sequenced and used to probe Northern blots of polyadenylated RNA prepared from spinach seedlings. The mRNA sizes for both components are approximately 1000 and 850 nucleotides, respectively. The 968 nucleotide cDNA sequence and derived amino acid sequence for subunit IV predict a single open reading frame of 231 amino acid residues (25.4 kDa). Comparison with a 13-residue N-terminal amino acid sequence determined for subunit IV suggests a mature protein of 17.3 kDa (154 residues) and a transit sequence of 77 amino acids (8.1 kDa). The corresponding data for subunit V are 677 bp (cDNA), 167 residues for the precursor protein (18.2 kDa), 98 residues for the mature polypeptide (10.8 kDa) and 69 residues for the transit peptide (7.4 kDa). Secondary structure predictions indicate that both proteins possess greatly different transit sequences and that none is membrane-spanning.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- J Steppuhn
- Botanisches Institut der Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, München, FRG
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
34
|
Golbeck JH. Structure, function and organization of the Photosystem I reaction center complex. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA 1987; 895:167-204. [PMID: 3333014 DOI: 10.1016/s0304-4173(87)80002-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 177] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- J H Golbeck
- Department of Chemistry, Portland State University, OR 97207
| |
Collapse
|